CN112544997B - Integrated intelligent flaxseed dehulling device and method - Google Patents
Integrated intelligent flaxseed dehulling device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112544997B CN112544997B CN202011345581.4A CN202011345581A CN112544997B CN 112544997 B CN112544997 B CN 112544997B CN 202011345581 A CN202011345581 A CN 202011345581A CN 112544997 B CN112544997 B CN 112544997B
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- 235000004426 flaxseed Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- MJYQFWSXKFLTAY-OVEQLNGDSA-N (2r,3r)-2,3-bis[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]butane-1,4-diol;(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O.C1=C(O)C(OC)=CC(C[C@@H](CO)[C@H](CO)CC=2C=C(OC)C(O)=CC=2)=C1 MJYQFWSXKFLTAY-OVEQLNGDSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 206010006514 bruxism Diseases 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010016634 Seed Storage Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N alpha-linolenic acid Chemical compound CC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O DTOSIQBPPRVQHS-PDBXOOCHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000020661 alpha-linolenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- CYQFCXCEBYINGO-IAGOWNOFSA-N delta1-THC Chemical compound C1=C(C)CC[C@H]2C(C)(C)OC3=CC(CCCCC)=CC(O)=C3[C@@H]21 CYQFCXCEBYINGO-IAGOWNOFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000019622 heart disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960004488 linolenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000020660 omega-3 fatty acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940012843 omega-3 fatty acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N5/00—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts
- A23N5/002—Machines for hulling, husking or cracking nuts for skinning nut kernels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated intelligent flaxseed dehulling device and method. The hulling device comprises a feeding system, a hulling system, a first separation system, a second separation system and a discharging system which are connected in sequence. A self-made grinding system is adopted, and the friction force of proper grinding ensures sufficient contact shelling; meanwhile, the double rollers are adopted to sense the size of the material, the most suitable grinding rotating speed is updated in real time by utilizing the size of the feeding particles obtained in real time and the shell-kernel ratio obtained after current shelling, so that the shell breaking rate possibly caused by too fast rotating speed is reduced, and the incomplete shelling condition caused by too slow rotating speed is reduced. The adoption is put the air-blower in shelling system export below, and the characteristic that atmospheric pressure is low when utilizing two air-blowers work, the material realizes getting into first separation region after leaving fast, then can slow down material falling speed again after getting into the electrostatic separation region to guarantee to separate more completely.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil shell and kernel separation, and relates to an integrated intelligent flaxseed shelling device and method.
Background
With the rapid development of economy and the popularization of health preservation concepts, the linseed, a super food which does not contain cholesterol and is rich in dietary fiber, omega 3 fatty acid and alpha linolenic acid, can prevent heart diseases and supplement nutrient elements which cannot be synthesized by a human body. However, since flaxseed has a hard outer shell and is not chewed and eaten properly, it is likely to cause indigestion and even fail to absorb the nutrients of flaxseed, and thus a flaxseed dehulling apparatus is needed.
At present, the existing flaxseed dehulling device mainly adopts a centrifugal impact dehulling method and a chemical enzymolysis method; the problems of low separation degree of flaxseed shells and kernels and high kernel content of shell waste in a centrifugal impact shelling method exist; the chemical extraction method has the problems of slow shelling speed, high shelling cost and food safety guarantee by ensuring high separation of chemical extraction materials and flaxseed kernels for food-grade flaxseeds after being suitable for chemical extraction.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing solution, the invention provides the integrated intelligent flaxseed dehulling device, and provides a more scientific and rapid dehulling mode and a solution of a flaxseed dehulling system with lower cost for dehulling flaxseeds.
The device comprises a feeding system, a shelling system, a first separation system, a second separation system and a discharging system which are connected in sequence.
The feeding system comprises a feeding hole and a material conveying belt located below the feeding hole.
Preferably, a feeding speed adjusting device is arranged below the feeding hole; the feeding speed adjusting device comprises two axisymmetric units, and each unit comprises a telescopic rod and a feeding guide plate; the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the feeding guide plate; the telescopic rod is driven by the first motor to stretch.
The shelling system comprises a material size sensing system and a grinding system.
The material size sensing system is arranged at a feed inlet of the grinding system and comprises two rotating rollers; a certain gap is reserved between the two rotating rollers, and the rotating directions are opposite; the rotating rollers are provided with pressure sensors, so that the flaxseeds can obtain the size data of the flaxseeds through the pressure sensors when passing through the two rotating rollers. The rotating roller wheel is controlled by the second motor to rotate.
Preferably, both ends of the rotating shaft of the rotating roller are connected with the fixing device, and the pressure sensor is positioned at the joint of the rotating shaft and the fixing device.
Preferably, the gap distance between the two rotating rollers is 40-50 mm.
The grinding system comprises a material barrel and a grinding toothed column positioned in the material barrel; a certain gap is reserved between the material cylinder and the grinding tooth column; the inner wall of the material barrel is provided with a frosting layer; the grinding tooth column is formed by arranging grooves which are periodically distributed on the surface of a cylinder, and a plurality of bulges which are periodically distributed are arranged in the grooves; and a fixed shaft is arranged at the top of the grinding tooth column and is connected with an output shaft of the tooth column motor.
Preferably, the distance between the material cylinder and the grinding tooth column is 5-10 mm.
Preferably, the groove depth on the grinding tooth column is 7.5cm-8.5cm, and the height of the bulge is 7-8 cm.
Preferably, the grooves are distributed on the grinding tooth column in a 14-degree array, and 7 bulges distributed in a longitudinal array are arranged in the grooves; the height of the protrusions is 7cm, the height of the tooth columns is 100cm, and the distance between the protrusions is 7 cm.
First piece-rate system include that two are located the fan of grinding system discharge gate below both sides, one of them is the forced draught blower, produces the blowing power, another is the draught fan, produces suction.
Preferably, the blower power is 100-150W, and the induced draft blower power is 500-550W.
Preferably, the blower surface is provided with a mesh screen having a pore size smaller than the size of the flaxseed grits.
The discharge port of the first separation system is positioned on the side of the induced draft fan and adopts a vertical guide plate, and the discharge port of the first separation system is positioned on the side of the air blower and adopts a slope guide plate.
Preferably, the horizontal distance between the induced draft fan and the discharge port of the grinding system is 40-50cm, and the horizontal distance between the forced draft fan and the discharge port of the grinding system is 30-40 cm.
The second separation system adopts electrostatic separation and is composed of two parallel electrode plates.
Preferably, the length of the electrode plates is 15cm-20cm, the voltage is 6KV-15KV, and the distance is 30cm-50 cm.
An inverted Y-shaped guide plate is arranged below the second separation system; the Y-shaped guide plate is connected with the discharging device.
The discharging device comprises a linseed kernel conveying belt, a waste conveying belt, a linseed kernel storage bin and a waste storage bin. The flax seed kernel storage bin and the waste storage bin are respectively provided with a weight sensor for acquiring the weight of the material in the sampling time.
Preferably, the master controller of the control module is STM32F103ZET 6.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for implementing the above apparatus, specifically as follows:
step (1), during initialization, the telescopic rod of the feeding speed adjusting device keeps the original length, namely the material feeding speed is zero, and at the moment, the distance between two axisymmetric units of the feeding speed adjusting device is 0;
putting the materials into a feeding hole, and controlling the power of the system by a control module according to the formulas (1) to (2) by controlling the feeding speed so as to prevent the system from causing equipment loss due to overlarge power; at the moment, a certain gap exists between the two axisymmetric units of the feeding speed adjusting device, and the material falls to the material conveying belt;
L＝3.034e0.205Wformula (1)
Formula (2) of-12.79 lnL +53.13
Wherein I represents a feed rate in the range of 15 to 25 kg/h; l is the length of the telescopic rod of the feeding speed adjusting device, and the range is 10-20 cm; w is the total power of the system, ranging from 4-10 KW;
step (3), the material is conveyed to a material size sensing system through a material conveying belt, the material enters a gap between two rotating rollers of the material size sensing system, and a pressure sensor acquires a pressure value and conveys the pressure value to a control module;
the materials fall from the material size sensing system to the grinding system, and shelling is carried out through the friction force between the grinding tooth column and the material barrel;
step (5), carrying out primary separation on the shelled materials falling from the discharge port of the grinding system through a first separation system due to different weights of shells and kernels; separating again through a second electrostatic separation system to obtain separated shells and kernels because the shells and kernels carry different electric quantities; the shell and kernel respectively enter the linseed kernel storage bin and the waste storage bin through the Y-shaped guide plate.
Step (6), the two weight sensors of the hemp seed storage bin and the waste storage bin respectively transmit the collected weight of the materials to the control module;
and (4) calculating a shell-kernel ratio by the control module according to the following formula, and combining the pressure value obtained by the step (3) and sampled by the pressure sensor to realize the control of the rotating speed of the gear so as to ensure the completeness of shelling.
K ═ P/Q formula (3)
Wherein K represents the shell to kernel ratio in the range of 0.54 to 1.09; p represents the weight of the inner shell of the waste storage bin; q represents the weight of the kernel in the linseed kernel storage bin;
wherein R represents the rotation speed of the grinding tooth column in unit time, and the range is 650-750 revolutions per minute; n represents the pressure value sampled by the pressure sensor, and the range is 10-50 newtons;
wherein V represents the average size volume of the material within the sampling time, and is in the range of 6-24m3。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) complete shelling and low damage rate
The invention adopts a self-made grinding system, and the friction force of proper grinding ensures sufficient contact shelling without damaging kernels; meanwhile, the double rollers are adopted to sense the size of the material, the most suitable grinding rotating speed is updated in real time by utilizing the size of the feeding particles obtained in real time and the shell-kernel ratio obtained after current shelling, so that the shell breaking rate possibly caused by too fast rotating speed is reduced, and the incomplete shelling condition caused by too slow rotating speed is reduced.
2) High separation efficiency of shell and kernel
According to the invention, aiming at the sequential characteristic of the shelling process, the special structural design is utilized, so that the efficient material separation is realized after the materials are shelled.
According to the invention, the air blower is arranged below the outlet of the hulling system, and by utilizing the characteristic of low air pressure when the double air blowers work, materials quickly leave and enter the first separation area, and then enter the electrostatic separation area, and the falling speed of the materials can be slowed down, so that the separation is more complete.
Aiming at the seborrheic characteristics of flaxseeds, the invention provides an optimized separation sequence of air separation and electrostatic separation, the air separation solves the problem of adhesion of shells and kernels after flaxseeds are separated, the materials which cannot be successfully separated in the first batch naturally enter the second layer for separation by utilizing the particularity of the physical structure, and the electrostatic separation is utilized to ensure the separation of small particles, so that the shell and kernel separation efficiency is greatly improved.
3) Stable shelling performance and strong adaptability
The invention regulates and controls the system power of the equipment by regulating and controlling the feeding speed in real time, thereby avoiding the overuse of the equipment. The device is ensured to operate in a normal power range, the shelling success rate is ensured, and the service life of the machine is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the grinding tooth post of the present invention.
The labels in the figure are: the device comprises a feed inlet 1, a telescopic rod 2, a material conveying belt 3, a blower 4, a flaxseed conveyor belt 5, a waste conveying belt 6, a parallel electrode plate 7, an induced draft fan 8, a grinding system 9, a grinding tooth column 9-1, a groove 9-2, a protrusion 9-3 and a rotating roller 10.
Detailed Description
The invention is further analyzed with reference to the following figures.
As shown in fig. 1, the integrated intelligent flaxseed dehulling device comprises a feeding system, a dehulling system, a first separating system, a second separating system, a discharging system and a control module which are connected in sequence.
The feeding system comprises a feeding hole 1 and a material conveying belt 3 located below the feeding hole 1.
A feeding speed adjusting device is arranged below the feeding hole; the feeding speed adjusting device comprises two axisymmetric units, and each unit comprises a telescopic rod 2 and a feeding guide plate with a semi-circular arc structure; the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the center of the feeding guide plate; the telescopic rod is driven by the first motor to stretch.
The shelling system comprises a material size sensing system and a grinding system.
The material size sensing system is arranged at a feed inlet of the grinding system and comprises two rotating rollers 10; a gap of 40-50mm is reserved between the two rotating rollers, and the rotating directions are opposite; the rotating rollers are provided with pressure sensors, so that the flaxseeds can obtain the size data of the flaxseeds through the pressure sensors when passing through the two rotating rollers. The rotating roller wheel is controlled by the second motor to rotate.
The two ends of the rotating shaft of the rotating roller are connected with the fixing device, and the pressure sensor is located at the joint of the rotating shaft and the fixing device.
The grinding system comprises a material barrel and a grinding toothed column 9-1 positioned in the material barrel; a 5-10mm gap is reserved between the material cylinder and the grinding tooth column; the inner wall of the material barrel is provided with a frosting layer; as shown in figure 2, the grinding tooth column is 100cm high, the surface of the cylinder is provided with 14-degree array-distributed longitudinal grooves 9-2 with the depth of 7.5cm-8.5cm, and the grooves are internally provided with 7 protrusions 9-3 with the height of 7-8cm which are periodically distributed; and a fixed shaft is arranged at the top of the grinding tooth column and is connected with an output shaft of the tooth column motor.
The first separation system comprises two fans which are positioned at two sides below a discharge port of the grinding system, wherein one fan is a blower 4 and generates blowing force, and the other fan is a draught fan 8 and generates suction force; the power of the air blower is 100-150W, and the power of the induced draft fan is 500-550W.
The surface of the fan is provided with a mesh screen with the aperture smaller than the size of flaxseed particles.
The discharge port of the first separation system is positioned on the side of the induced draft fan and adopts a vertical guide plate, and the discharge port of the first separation system is positioned on the side of the air blower and adopts a slope guide plate.
The horizontal distance between the induced draft fan and the discharge port of the grinding system is 40-50cm, and the horizontal distance between the forced draft fan and the discharge port of the grinding system is 30-40 cm.
The second separation system adopts electrostatic separation and is composed of two parallel electrode plates. The length of the electrode plates is 15cm-20cm, the voltage is 6KV-15KV, and the distance is 30cm-50 cm.
An inverted Y-shaped guide plate is arranged below the second separation system; a linseed kernel conveyor belt 5 and a waste conveyor belt 6 are distributed below the two outlets of the Y-shaped guide plate. The flaxseed kernel conveying belt and the waste conveying belt are respectively conveyed into a flaxseed kernel storage bin and a waste storage bin.
The flax seed kernel storage bin and the waste storage bin are respectively provided with a weight sensor for acquiring the weight of the material in the sampling time.
The control module is used for receiving pressure sensor, weight sensor data to control first motor, second motor, tooth post motor work, its master controller is STM32F103ZET 6.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for implementing the above apparatus, specifically as follows:
step (1), during initialization, the telescopic rod of the feeding speed adjusting device keeps the original length, namely the material feeding speed is zero, and at the moment, the distance between two axisymmetric units of the feeding speed adjusting device is 0;
putting the materials into the feeding hole, and controlling the power of the system by the control module by controlling the feeding speed so as to prevent the system from losing equipment due to overlarge power; at the moment, a certain gap exists between the two axisymmetric units of the feeding speed adjusting device, and the material falls to the material conveying belt;
L＝3.034e0.205Wformula (1)
Formula (2) of-12.79 lnL +53.13
Wherein I represents a feed rate in the range of 15 to 25 kg/h; l represents the length of a telescopic rod of the feeding speed adjusting device, and the range is 10-20 cm; w represents the total power of the system, and the range is 4-10 KW;
step (3), the material is conveyed to a material size sensing system through a material conveying belt, the material enters a gap between two rotating rollers of the material size sensing system, and a pressure sensor acquires a pressure value and conveys the pressure value to a control module;
the materials fall from the material size sensing system to the grinding system, and shelling is carried out through the friction force between the grinding tooth column and the material barrel;
step (5), carrying out primary separation on the shelled materials falling from the discharge port of the grinding system through a first separation system due to different weights of shells and kernels; separating again through a second electrostatic separation system to obtain separated shells and kernels because the shells and kernels carry different electric quantities; the shell and kernel respectively enter the linseed kernel storage bin and the waste storage bin through the Y-shaped guide plate.
Step (6), the two weight sensors of the hemp seed storage bin and the waste storage bin respectively transmit the collected weight of the materials to the control module;
and (4) calculating a shell-kernel ratio by the control module according to the following formula, and combining the pressure value obtained by the step (3) and sampled by the pressure sensor to realize the control of the rotating speed of the gear so as to ensure the completeness of shelling.
K ═ P/Q formula (3)
Wherein K represents the shell to kernel ratio in the range of 0.54 to 1.09; p represents the weight of the inner shell of the waste storage bin; q represents the weight of the kernel in the linseed kernel storage bin;
wherein R represents the rotating speed of the gear in unit time, and the range is 650-750 revolutions/min; n represents the pressure value sampled by the pressure sensor, and the range is 10-50 newtons;
wherein V represents the average size volume of the material within the sampling time, and is in the range of 6-24m3。
TABLE 1 flaxseed dehulling parameters
| Shell content in kernel | Kernel content in shell | Shell and kernel separation rate | Breakage rate | Flow time (25KG material) | |
| The invention | About 0.15 percent | About 0.3 percent | About 98 percent | About 2 percent | About 1 hour |
| Conventional methods | About 0.27 percent | About 2.64 percent | About 90 percent | About 5 percent | About 10 minutes |
Note: the traditional method is that a centrifugal huller is used for hulling treatment, and a pure electrostatic roller is used for separating hulls and kernels.
As can be seen from Table 1, the flaxseed dehulling device of the present invention has the advantages of very low dehulling damage rate, high hull and kernel separation effect and high dehulling speed.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all embodiments are within the scope of the present invention as long as the requirements of the present invention are met.
Claims (10)
1. The integrated intelligent flaxseed dehulling device is characterized by comprising a feeding system, a dehulling system, a first separation system, a second separation system, a discharging system and a control module which are connected in sequence;
the feeding system comprises a feeding hole and a material conveying belt positioned below the feeding hole;
a feeding speed adjusting device is arranged below the feeding hole; the feeding speed adjusting device comprises two axisymmetric units, and each unit comprises a telescopic rod and a feeding guide plate; the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with the feeding guide plate; the telescopic rod is driven by a first motor to stretch;
the shelling system comprises a material size sensing system and a grinding system;
the material size sensing system is arranged at a feed inlet of the grinding system and comprises two rotating rollers; a certain gap is reserved between the two rotating rollers, and the rotating directions are opposite; the rotating rollers are provided with pressure sensors, so that the flaxseeds pass through the two rotating rollers and are obtained through the pressure sensors; the rotating roller controls the rotating shaft to rotate through a second motor;
the grinding system comprises a material barrel and a grinding toothed column positioned in the material barrel; a certain gap is reserved between the material cylinder and the grinding tooth column; the grinding tooth column is formed by arranging grooves which are periodically distributed on the surface of a cylinder, and a plurality of bulges which are periodically distributed are arranged in the grooves; the top of the grinding tooth column is provided with a fixed shaft which is connected with an output shaft of a tooth column motor;
the first separation system comprises two fans which are positioned at two sides below a discharge port of the grinding system, wherein one fan is a blower and generates blowing force, and the other fan is an induced draft fan and generates suction force;
the second separation system adopts electrostatic separation and consists of two parallel electrode plates; an inverted Y-shaped guide plate is arranged below the second separation system; the Y-shaped guide plate is connected with the discharging device;
the discharging device comprises a linseed kernel conveying belt, a waste conveying belt, a linseed kernel storage bin and a waste storage bin; the linseed kernel storage bin and the waste storage bin are respectively provided with a weight sensor for acquiring the weight of the material in sampling time;
the control module realizes the control of the grinding tooth column rotating speed of the grinding system according to the pressure value obtained by sampling of the pressure sensor in the material size sensing system, and the control is shown in a formula (4):
k ═ P/Q formula (3)
Wherein K represents the shell-kernel ratio of the discharged material, P represents the weight of the inner shell of the waste material storage bin, and Q represents the weight of the kernel in the linseed kernel storage bin;
wherein R represents the rotating speed of the grinding tooth column in unit time, and N represents the pressure value sampled by the pressure sensor.
2. The integrated intelligent flaxseed dehulling apparatus of claim 1, wherein the gap distance between two rotating rollers is 40-50 mm.
3. The intelligent flaxseed dehulling device of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the distance between said material cylinder and said grinding pin is 5-10 mm.
4. An integrated intelligent flaxseed dehulling device as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, wherein the grooves on grinding teeth have a depth of 7.5cm-8.5cm and the protrusions have a height of 7-8 cm.
5. The device for intelligently dehulling flaxseeds as claimed in any of claims 1-2, wherein the blower power is 100-.
6. An integrated intelligent flaxseed dehulling device as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, wherein the blower surface is provided with a mesh screen with a pore size smaller than the size of flaxseed grits.
7. The intelligent flaxseed dehulling device of any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the horizontal distance between said induced draft fan and the outlet of said grinding system is 40-50cm, and the horizontal distance between said forced draft fan and the outlet of said grinding system is 30-40 cm.
8. The intelligent flaxseed dehulling device as set forth in any one of claims 1-2, wherein the length of said plates is 15cm-20cm, the voltage is 6KV-15KV, and the distance is 30cm-50 cm.
9. An integrated intelligent flaxseed dehulling apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1-2, wherein the first separation system comprises a vertical guide plate on the side of the induced air blower and a sloped guide plate on the side of the induced air blower.
10. An intelligent flaxseed dehulling method based on the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
step (1), during initialization, the telescopic rod of the feeding speed adjusting device keeps the original length, namely the material feeding speed is zero, and at the moment, the distance between two axisymmetric units of the feeding speed adjusting device is 0;
putting the materials into a feeding hole, and controlling the power of the system by a control module according to the formulas (1) to (2) by controlling the feeding speed so as to prevent the system from causing equipment loss due to overlarge power; at the moment, a certain gap exists between the two axisymmetric units of the feeding speed adjusting device, and the material falls to the material conveying belt;
L＝3.034e0.205Wformula (1)
Formula (2) of-12.79 lnL +53.13
Wherein I represents the feed rate; l is the length of the telescopic rod of the feeding speed adjusting device; w is the total power of the system;
step (3), the material is conveyed to a material size sensing system through a material conveying belt, the material enters a gap between two rotating rollers of the material size sensing system, and a pressure sensor acquires a pressure value and conveys the pressure value to a control module;
the materials fall from the material size sensing system to the grinding system, and shelling is carried out through the friction force between the grinding tooth column and the material barrel;
step (5), carrying out primary separation on the shelled materials falling from the discharge port of the grinding system through a first separation system due to different weights of shells and kernels; separating again through a second electrostatic separation system to obtain separated shells and kernels because the shells and kernels carry different electric quantities; the shell and kernel respectively enter a linseed kernel storage bin and a waste material storage bin through a Y-shaped guide plate;
step (6), the two weight sensors of the hemp seed storage bin and the waste storage bin respectively transmit the collected weight of the materials to the control module;
the control module calculates a shell-kernel ratio according to the following formula, and controls the rotating speed of the grinding tooth column by combining the pressure value obtained by the step (3) and sampling by the pressure sensor, so as to ensure complete shelling;
k ═ P/Q formula (3)
Wherein K represents the shell to kernel ratio in the range of 0.54 to 1.09; p represents the weight of the inner shell of the waste storage bin; q represents the weight of the kernel in the linseed kernel storage bin;
wherein R represents the rotation speed of the grinding tooth column in unit time, and the range is 650-750 revolutions per minute; n represents the pressure value sampled by the pressure sensor, and the range is 10-50 newtons;
wherein V represents the average size volume of the material within the sampling time, and is in the range of 6-24m3。
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