CN112544843A - 一种复合型植物固体饮料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种复合型植物固体饮料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开的是一种复合型植物固体饮料及其制备方法，所述复合型植物固体饮料是以针叶樱桃粉、蔓越莓粉和葡萄来源白藜芦醇为主要原料，再辅以甜菊糖、膳食纤维粉等，经科学配伍而成，具有广泛抗炎、增强免疫力、抗氧化以及延缓衰老等有益功能的固体饮料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复合型植物固体饮料及其制备方法，属于食品加工技术领域。
背景技术
针叶樱桃为黄褥花科（Malpighiaceae）黄褥花属阿西罗拉种樱桃（Malpighiaglabra L.）的果实，又名西印度樱桃，原产于西印度群岛加勒比海地区。第二次世界大战期间，针叶樱桃为盟军伤员医治立下了汗马功劳，令数以万计的伤员免于伤口溃烂，从而挽救了他们的生命。
长久以来，针叶樱桃一直被认为是天然VC的最佳来源，是迄今为止富含天然VC最高的水果，含有1～4.5%天然VC（1000～4500mg/100g）,是柠檬的35倍，草莓的17倍，番石榴的11倍，是名副其实的“维生素C之王”，同时还含有维生素A、维生素E、维生素P、维生素B群（维B1、维B2、维B6）、类胡萝卜素（叶黄素、玉米黄质和胡萝卜素）、花青素、类黄酮、蛋白质、铁、钙等，本身就是一种复合抗氧化物，具有强效抗氧化性，迅速清除体内自由基，提高机体免疫力、抗氧化、抗菌、抗病毒和缓解贫血等功效。2010年5月20日，中华人民共和国卫生部发布公告，允许针叶樱桃果作为普通食品生产经营。
有研究表明，以天然维生素C为主要功效成分的针叶樱桃提取物可以有效增强小鼠的细胞与体液免疫功能，而B族维生素是针叶樱桃提取物中水溶性维生素的另一代表，其生理活性在酶的催化和诱导细胞凋亡抗癌机制中起着重要作用。因此，针叶樱桃冻干粉、果汁、果汁粉及其衍生产品作为功能性食品具有广阔的市场前景和巨大的经济价值，同时，以针叶樱桃制品作为主料的具有增强免疫力功能方向的配方食品研究已成为当前热点。
蔓越莓（Cranberry）又称蔓越橘、小红莓，是杜鹃花科越橘属（Vacciniummacrocarpon）植物，喜强酸性的湿润土壤。蔓越莓主要分布在北美地区，素有“北美红宝石”之称，与康科特葡萄和蓝莓并称为北美传统三大水果，在我国的大兴安岭地区也有栽培种植。
蔓越莓主要成分包含膳食纤维、糖类、维生素、酚酸、黄酮醇苷、花青素和原花青素等。大量研究表明蔓越莓提取物具有抗氧化、抗衰老、抗肿瘤、保护肠胃并可以降低胃癌胃溃疡的发生率、预防心血管疾病、预防尿路感染、保护口腔和牙齿等保健性功效。我国蔓越莓的种植尚处于起始阶段，国内的蔓越莓保健品的原料还是依靠进口。近年来，随着对其药理作用、保健功效及其机制的研究越来越深入，也推动蔓越莓提取物的临床应用和保健产品的开发。
蔓越莓中富含的原花青素，是其最主要的生物活性物质，在蔓越莓鲜果中含量高达34.3mg/l00g。原花青素本身对自由基的清除能力很强，是天然抗氧化剂。有研究表明，当原花青素和维生素c联合应用时其表现的是对自由基的清除能力具有协同作用，且原花青素与维生素C比例为7：1时最显强，整体表现它们复配物都有很好的协同抗氧化效果。
蔓越莓最独特也是目前研究最多的功效是预防尿道感染。尿道感染是指泌尿系统受到细菌的感染从而引起炎症反应。大肠杆菌是尿道感染的主要致病因素，大量的科学研究已经证实，蔓越莓中含有的原花青素与其他植物如苹果、葡萄中的原花青素有很大的区别，这些植物的原花青素都是B 型连接的黄烷键，而蔓越莓中的原花青素含有一个或多个A型的黄烷键。这种A型连接的结构非常独特， 能与细菌纤毛的外源性凝结素相抵触，从而使细菌不能与细胞受体结合，通过竞争性抑制，发挥有效的抗细菌黏附特性，可以抑制大肠杆菌吸附于泌尿道壁， 从而保持泌尿道的健康。鉴于富含A 型黄烷键结构原花青素成分的植物稀少，所以防止泌尿道感染可说是蔓越莓特有的，无副作用的保健功效。
白藜芦醇作为葡萄中的重要活性物质，可预防动脉硬化、防止冠心病、降低血清和肝脏的脂质、抑制肝脏癌细胞组织变异。目前，白藜芦醇成为抑制、治疗组织癌变和肿瘤最有前途的天然产物之一。目前市场上销售的白藜芦醇提取物其主要来源为中药虎杖和食用水果葡萄。据报道，蔓越莓中也含有白藜芦醇，但含量偏低。葡萄具有悠久的食用历史，安全无毒，除了含有天然的白藜芦醇以外，还含有白藜芦醇的二聚体维尼酚宁（ε-viniferin）。维尼酚宁是葡萄来源白藜芦醇的特征性成分，可作为鉴别白藜芦醇来源的依据，目前研究表明维尼酚宁具有抗菌、抗炎、抗HIV、美白等多种功效。
随着社会经济发展，人们的生活压力大大增加，不良生活习惯和日益严重的环境污染，使得越来越多的人患上慢性病或者处于亚健康状态。同时，现代人的保健意识显著增强，青少年人群一边熬夜一边吃保健品的现象也不在少数。以针叶樱桃粉、蔓越莓粉和葡萄来源白藜芦醇为主要原料，再辅以甜菊糖、膳食纤维粉，经科学配伍而成复合型植物固体饮料，在抗炎、抗氧化、延缓衰老、改善机体内环境以及抗细菌感染等功效方面具有广阔的研发前景和巨大的经济价值。但是，目前此类复合型植物固体饮料及其制备方法未见报道。
发明内容
基于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种以针叶樱桃粉、蔓越莓粉和葡萄来源白藜芦醇为主要原料，预期具有其相应保健功能的复合型植物固体饮料及其制备方法。
本发明所述复合型植物固体饮料，其组成包括针叶樱桃粉100-150重量份，蔓越莓粉50-100重量份，葡萄来源白藜芦醇20-50重量份；甜菊糖10-30重量份，膳食纤维粉20-60重量份。
本发明所述复合型植物固体饮料及其制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）取针叶樱桃浓缩果汁，混入适量麦芽糊精，喷雾干燥得到针叶樱桃粉；
（2）取蔓越莓冻果以70%乙醇回流提取2次，合并浓缩，混入适量麦芽糊精，喷雾干燥得到蔓越莓粉；
（3）取玫瑰香葡萄冻果，解冻后榨汁，去掉含糖分较高的葡萄汁，所得皮、籽、肉以以70%乙醇回流提取2次，合并浓缩，混入适量麦芽糊精，喷雾干燥得到葡萄来源白藜芦醇；
（4）将所述针叶樱桃粉、蔓越莓粉、葡萄来源白藜芦醇以及甜菊糖和膳食纤维粉按比例称取，使用滚筒混合机混合，混合时间大于30分钟，混合均匀；
（5）将混合好的物料，使用粉末灌装机，灌装成3克至10克规格制作成独立小包装，即成为产品。
优选地，在步骤（1）中，所述针叶樱桃粉，其VC含量为5-30%。
优选地，在步骤（2）中，所述蔓越莓粉，其原花青素含量为2-10%。
优选地，在步骤（3）中，所述葡萄来源白藜芦醇，其白藜芦醇含量为2-5%，白藜芦醇二聚体维尼酚宁（ε-viniferin）的含量为0.1-0.5%。
优选地，在步骤（4）中，其配方组成包括针叶樱桃粉150重量份，蔓越莓粉50重量份，葡萄来源白藜芦醇50重量份；甜菊糖10重量份，膳食纤维粉40重量份。
本发明的复合型植物固体饮料，其主要原料是一种具有功能性协调一致的组合，针叶樱桃粉、蔓越莓粉以及葡萄来源白藜芦醇均具有较强抗氧化功能，且在同一组合中具有协同增强的效果。蔓越莓粉中A性原花青素除了具有抗尿路感染的功效，还可以为组合物中的针叶樱桃粉所提供的天然维生素C提供保护，维护组合物的整体稳定性。葡萄来源白藜芦醇的功能除了可预防动脉硬化、防止冠心病、降低血清和肝脏的脂质、抑制肝脏癌细胞组织变异之外，其中所含有的白藜芦醇二聚体维尼酚宁（ε-viniferin）还具有美白抗皱等多种美容功效，因此本组合可由内而外的改善机体状态。
本发明的有益效果包括：
1.本发明的复合型植物固体饮料，具有广泛的抗炎、抗氧化、抗细菌感染以及延缓衰老等有益功能的固体饮料；
2.本发明的复合型植物固体饮料，各组分功能性协调一致，协同增强；
3.本发明的复合型植物固体饮料，其中的原花青素可以为天然维生素C提供保护，使本组合成分稳定、不易降解；
4.本发明的方法，工艺过程简单，安全可靠，生产成本低，经济效益可观。
附图说明
附图1为针叶樱桃粉VC指纹图谱。
附图2为蔓越莓粉花青素指纹图谱。
附图3为葡萄来源白藜芦醇指纹图谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述，根据下述实施例可以更好地理解本发明。然而，本领域技术人员应容易理解的是，实施例所描述的具体工艺条件及其结果仅用于说明本发明，而不应当也不会限制权利要求书所涵盖的本发明的范围。
实施例一：一种复合型植物固体饮料及其制备方法，包括如下步骤：
1、选用进口针叶樱桃浓缩汁，加入50%麦芽糊精，搅拌溶解后进行喷雾干燥，进口温度150~160℃，出口温度90~100℃，得到针叶樱桃粉，VC含量25%；
2、选用进口优质蔓越莓冻果，分别加入3倍70%乙醇，85~88℃回流提取两次，每次1.5h，所得醇提液合并浓缩至无乙醇，糖度25-28度，加入浓缩膏重量20%的麦芽糊精，搅拌溶解后喷雾干燥，进口温度185~190℃，出口温度90~100℃，得到蔓越莓粉，原花青素含量6%；
3、选用国产优质玫瑰香葡萄冻果，解冻后榨汁，去掉含糖分较高的葡萄汁，所得皮、籽、肉加入3倍70%乙醇，85~88℃回流提取两次，每次2h，所得醇提液合并浓缩至无乙醇，糖度22-25度，加入浓缩膏重量30%的麦芽糊精，搅拌溶解后喷雾干燥，进口温度185~190℃，出口温度90~100℃，得到葡萄来源白藜芦醇，其白藜芦醇含量为3%，白藜芦醇二聚体维尼酚宁（ε-viniferin）的含量为0.2%；
4、取上述针叶樱桃粉150kg、蔓越莓粉50kg、葡萄来源白藜芦醇50kg、甜菊糖10kg和膳食纤维粉40kg，使用滚筒混合机混合，混合时间30分钟，混合均匀；
5、将混合好的物料，使用粉末灌装机，灌装成3.5克独立小包装，即成为产品。
实施例二：与实施例1的区别仅在于，原料仍使用步骤1、2、3中的三种原料，配比改为针叶樱桃粉100kg、蔓越莓粉80kg、葡萄来源白藜芦醇30kg、甜菊糖15kg和膳食纤维粉25kg，使用滚筒混合机混合，混合时间30分钟，混合均匀后，使用粉末灌装机，灌装成3.5克独立小包装，即成为产品。
Claims (5)
1.一种复合型植物固体饮料及其制备方法，其特征在于所述复合型植物固体饮料包括针叶樱桃粉100-150重量份，蔓越莓粉50-100重量份，葡萄来源白藜芦醇20-50重量份；甜菊糖10-30重量份，膳食纤维粉20-60重量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种复合型植物固体饮料及其制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
（1）取针叶樱桃浓缩果汁，混入适量麦芽糊精，喷雾干燥得到针叶樱桃粉；
（2）取蔓越莓冻果以70%乙醇回流提取2次，合并浓缩，混入适量麦芽糊精，喷雾干燥得到蔓越莓粉；
（3）取玫瑰香葡萄冻果，解冻后榨汁，去掉含糖分较高的葡萄汁，所得皮、籽、肉以70%乙醇回流提取2次，合并浓缩，混入适量麦芽糊精，喷雾干燥得到葡萄来源白藜芦醇；
（4）将所述针叶樱桃粉、蔓越莓粉、葡萄来源白藜芦醇以及甜菊糖和膳食纤维粉按比例称取，使用滚筒混合机混合，混合时间大于30分钟，混合均匀；
（5）将混合好的物料，使用粉末灌装机，灌装成3克至10克规格制作成独立小包装，即成为产品。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，在步骤（1）中所述针叶樱桃粉，其VC含量为5-30%。
4.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，在步骤（2）中所述蔓越莓粉，其原花青素含量为2-10%。
5.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，在步骤（3）中所述葡萄来源白藜芦醇，其白藜芦醇含量为2-5%，白藜芦醇二聚体维尼酚宁（ε-viniferin）的含量为0.1-0.5%。
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