CN112544374A

CN112544374A - Environment-friendly cultivation method of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) rice with effects of reducing blood sugar and preventing dementia

Info

Publication number: CN112544374A
Application number: CN202011017244.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 尹泳植
Original assignee: Legal Person Of Pro Environment Business And Agriculture Combination In Dijiao Loess
Current assignee: Legal Person Of Pro Environment Business And Agriculture Combination In Dijiao Loess
Priority date: 2019-09-25
Filing date: 2020-09-24
Publication date: 2021-03-26
Also published as: KR20210035994A; KR102287509B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for cultivating GABA rice having blood sugar lowering and dementia preventing effects. The method comprises the following steps: a green manure crop sowing step, namely sowing green manure crops in the farmland after harvesting GABA rice; a soil analysis step of performing physical and chemical analysis on soil of the farmland; a seed disinfection and sowing step, namely disinfecting and sowing GABA rice seeds; a soil improvement step of improving soil according to the soil analysis result; a step of transplanting rice seedlings, namely transplanting rice seedlings in soil; a GABA rice leaf analyzing step of analyzing mineral components existing in the GABA rice leaves during the vegetative growth phase of the GABA rice; a leaf surface fertilization step, wherein biological fertilizer is applied to the leaf surface according to the leaf analysis result of the GABA rice; and a GABA rice harvesting step of harvesting GABA rice; in the soil improvement step, the green manure crop is ploughed and a bio-fertilizer is sprayed on the soil, the bio-fertilizer being prepared by mixing and fermenting water, straw of GABA rice, fish, molasses and a microbial agent.

Description

Environment-friendly cultivation method of GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) rice with effects of reducing blood sugar and preventing dementia

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an environment-friendly GABA rice cultivation method for effectively cultivating GABA rice having effects of reducing blood glucose and preventing dementia through natural circulation cultivation and organic cultivation using microorganisms.

Background

Rice is a very important cereal used as a staple food, accounting for approximately 40% of the world's population. Recently, various attempts to impart a physiologically active function to rice to change rice into a more useful health food have been made. For example, Korean patent laid-open No. 10-0398895 (name: method for preparing functional rice using safflower seed extract), Korean patent laid-open No. 10-0489784 (name: citrus color-coated rice and method for preparing the same), Korean patent laid-open No. 10-0512597 (name: functional rice coated with kelp extract), Korean patent laid-open No. 10-0726834 (name: method for preparing hypoglycemic rice using onion), Korean patent laid-open No. 10-0831029 (name: deep seawater-coated rice and method for preparing the same), Korean patent laid-open No. 10-1330718 (name: method for preparing rutin rice derived from tartary buckwheat sprout by supercritical treatment and rutin rice prepared by the same), Korean utility model laid-open No. 20-0275737 (name: system for preparing functional rice), Korean utility model No. 20-0275737 (name: system for preparing functional rice), Apparatuses and methods for imparting various physiological active functions to rice are disclosed in korean utility model No. 20-0315013 (title: rice coating apparatus), korean patent publication No. 10-1860112 (title: method for preparing rice for lowering blood sugar), and the like. They mostly adsorb or coat the functional substances, i.e., the bioactive substances, on the rice through a process of immersing the rice in an aqueous solution of the functional substances or the like.

In addition to the functional rice, gold rice (gold rice) which is enriched with beta-carotene (betacarotene) component of rice by a transgenic method, giant embryo rice which is enriched with embryo component of rice, and the like have been developed and widely spread.

Among the functional rice, giant embryo rice attracts attention for its functional effect. The giant embryo rice is rice with greatly enhanced embryo part. It is known that rice is classified into rice bran, aleurone layer, endosperm and germ (rice sprout), and germ contains a large amount of gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) as well as vitamins, octacosanol (octacosanol), minerals, phytic acid, beta sitosterol (beta sitosterol), and the like.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid is also known as gamma-aminocomplex or simply GABA. GABA is a nerve conduction inhibitor acting on the central nervous system of mammals, regulates the growth of embryonic stem cells and neural stem cells, and influences the growth of neural progenitor cells through a brain nerve stimulation induction factor. In particular, GABA is known to have a pharmacological function as an antihypertensive agent, a diuretic agent, and a sedative agent. For this, there are many studies published by Huang, J.et al, (Huang, J., Mei, L., Wu, H., & Lin, D. (2007). Biosynthesis of Gamma Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) using immobilized cells of Lactobacillus brevis. world Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology,23, 865. supplement 871) and by Komatsuzaki, N.et al (Komatsuzaki, N.shima, J.Kawamoto, S.Momose, H., & Kimura, T. (2005) product of gamma-amino butyric acid (2005) by calcium para bacterium side of microorganism, J.P.23, J.C.P.23, J.P.P.23, J.P.P.P.23, J.P.P.C.P.P.P.23, J.P.P.P.P.C.P.P.P.P.P.C.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.C.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.C.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P.P..

Further, it has been reported that GABA has a great influence on the secretion of insulin for the prevention of diabetes through a plurality of studies of Huang, J.et al and Okada, T.et al (Okada, T., Sugishita, T.S., Murakami, T.S., Murai, H.S., Saikussa, T.S., Horino, T.S., et al (2000) Effect of the degraded rice engine with GABA for sleeping tissue, depression, autoimmune disorder by itself administration (In Japanese), Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi,47, 596-.

Also, it is reported that GABA activates the metabolic function of brain cells, prevents autonomic nerve disorder, stroke and dementia, and has the effects of improving memory and insomnia. In this regard, studies by R Hao et al (R Hao, J C Schmit 1993Cloning of the gene for use in the diagnosis of glutamic acid dehydrogenase and its expression degradation in neurological crassa. biochem J15: 887. abound 890) and I.Mody et al (I.Mody, Y.Dekoning, T.S.Otis, and I.Soltesz, brightening the expression at GABA syndrome in the diagnosis, Trends neurosci, 17, 517. 528(1994)) as well as A.G.Leventhal et al (A.G.Leventhal, Y.C.Wawa, M.L.Pu, Y.F.Zhou, Y.Maagings coding in the diagnosis, 2003, 300. module, et al, research by R Hao et al (R Hao, J.Schmit 1993Cloning of the gene for use in Neurospora crassa, biochem J.15: 887. 890) are disclosed.

As described above, GABA has attracted attention because it has a considerable effect on the prevention of diabetes, the prevention of dementia, and the like by lowering blood glucose while suppressing hypertension. Accordingly, taking attention to the effective characteristics of GABA, giant embryo rice, which enhances the GABA component, is generally called GABA rice or GABA rice. Compared with common rice, the GABA content of GABA rice is about 3-4 times higher.

In addition, the rice cultivation method is based on some differences in countries and regions, and the rice is cultivated through the processes of a seed screening step, a sowing step, a transplanting step, a farmland management step and a harvesting step. Moreover, in the cultivation of rice, a large amount of chemical fertilizers and pesticides are sprayed. Fertilizers and pesticides induce undesirable linkage with each other.

Spraying pesticides can first severely contaminate and damage the soil. Various microorganisms such as bacteria, actinomycetes, yeasts, molds, algae and protozoa, and various organisms and microorganisms such as soil nematodes, earthworms and other invertebrates coexist in the soil in a balanced manner. The microorganisms of the soil provide a function of purifying the soil by decomposing pollutants and harmful compounds in the soil through the carbon cycle ability. If pesticides are sprayed to the soil, the healthy ecosystem of the soil is destroyed, and particularly, the soil is killed of effective microorganisms to lose the soil's purification function. Further, if the effective microorganisms in the soil are killed, growth failure of crops occurs. For example, nitrogen is an essential constituent constituting an amino acid. Nitrogen is generally converted into nitrogen compounds such as ammonia by nitrogen-fixing bacteria present in soil, and then converted into a state of nitrous acid or nitric acid by nitrifying bacteria to be absorbed by crops. If the nitrogen-fixing bacteria and nitrifying bacteria are killed by the agricultural chemicals, absorption of nitric acid by plants is suppressed, and the effect is very low even if a nitrogen fertilizer is applied.

In addition, water quality is polluted by spraying pesticides. The agricultural chemicals sprayed on the soil or crops flow to rivers or the sea by the wash of rainwater to contaminate the water. Further, the agricultural chemicals introduced into water through the above-mentioned route may be accumulated in the fish, and then may have an adverse effect on birds or humans eating the fish.

Also, the spraying of pesticides can increase the risk of safe food. The agricultural chemicals sprayed on the soil or crops adhere to or adsorb on the crops and flow into the human body. It is reported that toxic components of the agricultural chemicals flowed into the human body are not discharged and accumulated for 30 years.

In particular, spraying pesticides can increase the resistance of pests to pesticides. Therefore, when an agricultural chemical is used, the amount of the agricultural chemical used is gradually increased to achieve a desired effect. The increase in the amount of agricultural chemicals used increases the above-mentioned problems, and has a far-reaching adverse effect on the environment.

In addition, application of fertilizers to soil causes acidification of the soil. As mentioned above, the fertilizer mainly uses nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium oxide (potassium salt). When such a fertilizer is applied to soil, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and the like that are not absorbed by crops become nitric acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and the like in the soil, and the soil is acidified. In general, the activity in acidic environments of pathogenic bacteria that have adverse effects on animals and plants is increased. When the soil is acidified, the activity of pathogenic bacteria becomes vigorous, and the crops growing in the soil are also acidified, so that diseases of the crops are likely to occur. This would lead to the undesirable result of increasing the amount of pesticide used by the crop. Moreover, acidification of the soil inhibits the activity of beneficial bacteria. For example, in acid soil having a pH of 5.5 or less, the nitrification ability of the nitrifying bacteria is significantly reduced. Thus, acidification of the soil can create a barrier to crop growth.

Moreover, the use of chemical fertilizers can have an adverse effect on the environment. If nitrogen or phosphorus applied to the soil flows into a river or lake by the rain wash, a green alga phenomenon in which algae proliferate rapidly, that is, eutrophication occurs. Eutrophication causes oxygen depletion in the water, thereby inducing collective death of fish in the water. Furthermore, phosphoric acid remaining in the soil is bound to iron and aluminum ions in acidic soil, and is easily bound to calcium ions in alkaline soil, and becomes insoluble. Insoluble phosphoric acid reduces the porosity of the soil, thereby deteriorating the water permeability and air permeability of the soil. In such soils, the activity of beneficial microorganisms and bacteria is inhibited, preventing the decomposition of organic matter and the supply of nitrogen to plants, and thus hindering the growth of crops.

GABA rice is developed to provide healthier rice to humans. However, there is a possibility that the pesticide sprayed during the cultivation of GABA rice remains in the rice and is absorbed by the human body. The pesticide absorbed by human body is accumulated in human body, which can cause adverse effect on human health. In addition, the spraying of chemical fertilizers not only increases the amount of pesticides used, but also causes unbalanced supply of inorganic substances required for the growth of GABA rice. Moreover, this imbalance of minerals eventually causes nutritional imbalance of GABA rice and insufficient growth of germs.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and a main object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly method for cultivating GABA rice, which can cultivate GABA rice in an environmentally friendly manner without using pesticides and fertilizers.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly method for cultivating GABA-rich rice, which provides GABA-rich rice with sufficient and balanced minerals to achieve sufficient growth of the germ of GABA-rich rice.

The eco-friendly cultivation method of GABA rice having effects of lowering blood sugar and preventing dementia according to the first aspect of the present invention for achieving the above objects, comprises: a green manure crop sowing step, namely sowing green manure crops in the farmland after harvesting GABA rice; a soil analysis step of performing physical and chemical analysis on soil of the farmland; a seed disinfection and sowing step, namely disinfecting and sowing GABA rice seeds; a soil improvement step of improving soil according to the soil analysis result; a step of transplanting rice seedlings, namely transplanting rice seedlings in soil; a GABA rice leaf analyzing step of analyzing mineral components existing in the GABA rice leaves during the vegetative growth phase of the GABA rice; a leaf surface fertilization step, wherein biological fertilizer is applied to the leaf surface according to the leaf analysis result of the GABA rice; and a GABA rice harvesting step of harvesting GABA rice; in the soil improvement step, the green manure crop is ploughed and a bio-fertilizer is sprayed on the soil, the bio-fertilizer being prepared by mixing and fermenting water, straw of GABA rice, fish, molasses and a microbial agent.

In addition, in the present invention, the seed sterilization includes: a first step of immersing rice seeds in water at 60 ℃; and a second step of immersing the rice seeds in water at 10 ℃.

In addition, the biological fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting 60-65 weight percent of water, 10 weight percent of rice straw, 10 weight percent of fish, 10 weight percent of molasses and 10-5 weight percent of microbial agent.

In the present invention, the microbial agent is prepared by mixing and fermenting leaf mold, glutinous rice and rice straw.

In addition, in the present invention, the soil analyzing step further includes a biological analyzing step of analyzing soil microorganisms.

In the method for environmentally friendly cultivation of GABA rice having effects of lowering blood sugar and preventing dementia according to the second aspect of the present invention, comprising: a green manure crop sowing step, namely sowing green manure crops in the farmland after harvesting GABA rice; a soil analysis step of performing physical and chemical analysis on soil of the farmland; a soil improvement step of improving soil according to the soil analysis result; a seed disinfection and sowing step, namely disinfecting and sowing GABA rice seeds; a GABA rice leaf analyzing step of analyzing mineral components existing in the GABA rice leaves during the vegetative growth phase of the GABA rice; a leaf surface fertilization step, wherein biological fertilizer is applied to the leaf surface according to the leaf analysis result of the GABA rice; and a rice harvesting step of harvesting GABA rice; in the soil improvement step, the green manure crop is ploughed and a bio-fertilizer is sprayed on the soil, the bio-fertilizer being prepared by mixing and fermenting water, straw of GABA rice, fish, molasses and a microbial agent.

The present invention having the above-described structure provides an environmentally friendly method for cultivating GABA-rich rice, which has effects of reducing blood glucose and preventing dementia, by creating healthy and environmentally friendly soil using indigenous microorganisms and appropriately applying minerals optimized for crops to the crops, thereby avoiding the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an environment-friendly cultivation process of GABA rice in steps in the case of applying the present invention to rice cultivation by a rice transplanting method (seedling transplanting method).

FIG. 2 shows an example of the results of physical and chemical analyses of soil, which is a prescription for fertilizer application to farmland soil provided by the Hainan county agricultural technology center.

Description of reference numerals

S1: sowing the green manure crops in the step S2: soil analysis procedure

S3: seed sterilization step S4: sowing step

S5: soil improvement step S6: transplanting rice seedlings

S7: leaf analysis of rice step S8: step of applying a biological fertilizer

S9: harvesting step

Detailed Description

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below is a preferred example illustrating the present invention, and such embodiment does not limit the scope of the invention claimed. The present invention can be variously modified within a range not departing from the technical idea thereof.

FIG. 1 is a view showing an environment-friendly cultivation process of GABA rice of the present invention by steps, which exemplifies the case where the present invention is applied to rice cultivation by a rice transplanting method (seedling transplanting method). In the present invention, GABA rice is basically cultivated by circulating cultivation. The continuous cultivation of the same crop in the same location is often referred to as continuous cropping or continuous cropping. When continuous cropping is performed, specific organic and inorganic substances in the soil are intensively consumed, thereby changing the properties of the soil and increasing the density of pathogenic bacteria mainly found in the relevant crops. Moreover, the increase in phytotoxin secreted from the roots of crops also causes autotoxicity that inhibits autodevelopment. Therefore, when continuous cropping is performed on crops, imbalance in soil nutrient components, plant diseases and insect pests, growth failure of crops, and the like occur. Of course, in the case where rice is cultivated not by direct seeding but by a method of transplanting rice seedlings (transplanting method), that is, by a method of transplanting rice seedlings after irrigation in a farm field, the organic nutrients of soil are balanced by water, the residue of toxic substances in soil is suppressed, the physical properties of soil are improved, and pests are prevented and treated, thereby alleviating a certain degree of continuous cropping obstacles. However, imbalance between organic and inorganic nutrients in soil greatly reduces the kinds and numbers of microorganisms growing in soil, destroys the balance of ecological environment, reduces carbon circulation ability of microorganisms, and causes imbalance of soil nutrients and increase of harmful toxins. Finally, continuous rice growth has an adverse effect on rice productivity and soil productivity, and this is one of the causes of increasing the amount of agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizers used.

For crops for circular farming, preferably green manure crops are used. However, in the case of using the rice transplanting method, GABA rice is cultivated in a field from about 5 to 10 months, and thus green manure crops are selected from plants capable of surviving or growing in winter or spring. As green manure crops for GABA rice cultivation, barley, rye or other wheat can be used, and preferably, rape can be used. Wheat such as barley is the same gramineous crop as rice, and competes with rice for fertilizer. In the present invention, the green manure crop is not limited to a specific crop. The green manure crop can be appropriately selected according to the soil of the rice cultivation field, the temperature condition, and the like.

In this example, first, after harvesting GABA rice, green manure crops are sown at an appropriate timing (step S1). If in Korea, GABA rice is harvested at 9 or 10 months depending on the region. After harvesting the GABA rice, the farmland is preferably ploughed and leveled and then green manure crops are sown. The sowing time of the green manure crops is not specific, and the selection is carried out properly according to the species or the development environment of the green manure crops. In the case of rape, sowing is performed approximately 10 to 11 months in case of autumn sowing, and sowing is performed approximately 3 to 4 months in case of spring sowing.

Next, the soil of a field where GABA rice is cultivated is analyzed (step S2). The land improvement is performed based on the analysis result (step S5). Preferably, the soil analysis comprises a physicochemical analysis. After the soil of the farmland is subjected to physical and chemical analysis by professional agricultural assistance organizations such as an agricultural technology center and the like, a fertilizer use prescription is provided according to the result. FIG. 2 shows an example of the results of physical and chemical analyses of soil, which is a prescription for fertilizer application to farmland soil provided by the Hainan county agricultural technology center. The fertilizer use formula shows the amounts of inorganic and organic substances such as phosphoric acid, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and silicic acid contained in the soil, and also shows appropriate ranges of these components. Further, the types and amounts of fertilizers recommended based on these are shown. Thus, by referring to the results of the physicochemical analysis of the soil, the state of the soil can be confirmed qualitatively and quantitatively.

In addition, seed disinfection and sowing are performed together with the soil analysis (step S3, step S4). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the seed sterilization is performed by a process of immersing rice seeds in water at 60 ℃ for 10 minutes, followed by immersing in water at 10 ℃ for 10 minutes. The activity of main pests infected from rice seeds is generally reduced at a temperature of 40 ℃ or higher, and most of the pests are killed if the temperature reaches 60 ℃. Further, the rice seeds are soaked in warm water or cold water, whereby additional effects of promoting germination and shortening the germination period can be obtained. Then, the sterilized seeds are sown in a seedbed or the like at an appropriate timing by a usual method.

In the soil improvement step (step S5), soil improvement is performed by using a bio-fertilizer. The biological fertilizer is used in a relative meaning with respect to the existing fertilizer or organic fertilizer. Organic and inorganic substances are required for the growth of crops including GABA rice. Among them, organic substances are naturally produced through various routes, consumed and decomposed by various microorganisms together with crops, and do not have serious influence on soil or crops. On the other hand, inorganic substances are not naturally produced. If the inorganic substances in the soil are insufficient, they should be supplied from the outside. A considerable part of currently used fertilizers are fertilizers for supplying inorganic substances such as nitrogen (N), potassium (K), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), and sulfur (S) to soil. As can be seen from fig. 2, the amount of inorganic material to be added to the soil needs to be appropriately adjusted. If the inorganic substances in the soil are insufficient, the growth of crops is hindered, and if the inorganic substances are supplied to the soil too much, the soil including the crops and the ecological environment are adversely affected.

The kinds of inorganic substances required for crop growth are many and the required amounts are different from each other. It is difficult to quantify all of the inorganic materials required by crops to provide them properly to the soil. However, although the kind and amount of inorganic matter required for crops differ according to the kind of crops, a similar pattern is generally shown. As an example, nutrients required for plant growth are classified into macroelements (macronutrients) and microelements (micronutrients). Among them, the major elements include nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, calcium and magnesium, and the known trace elements include about 50 or more kinds such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), boron (B), chlorine (Cl), molybdenum (Mo). Moreover, such quantitative classification does not differ much depending on the kind of plant. That is, macroelements in a particular plant are not classified as trace elements in other plants. Since the macroelements are consumed in a large amount in crops, the remaining amount thereof can be analyzed in soil and an appropriate amount can be supplied. In contrast, trace elements are very abundant in kind and consumed in plants in very small amounts. It is difficult to separately analyze and provide the trace elements for soil. Therefore, as is clear from fig. 2, physicochemical analysis of soil is generally performed on a large number of elements.

In the growth of crops, both macroelements and microelements are necessary, differing only in amount. For example, silicon (Si) among trace elements suppresses loss of moisture, prevents invasion of hyphae, and improves disease and insect resistance. Iron (Fe) is involved in chlorophyll formation, boron (B) is involved in germination, pollen growth, and tissue development, chlorine (Cl) is involved in photosynthesis, manganese (Mn) is involved in nitric acid assimilation, molybdenum (Mo) is involved in nitrogen assimilation, zinc (Zn) is involved in nitrogen metabolism, and copper (Cu) is involved in nitrogen fixation. Unconditional application of trace elements to the soil is very dangerous because trace elements are required for plant growth. Trace elements in amounts above a specified level may act as toxic substances in crops. Essential for the vigorous growth of crops is the balanced provision of all available inorganic substances (macro-and trace elements) in appropriate amounts together with organic substances. This cannot be achieved by simple soil analysis and fertiliser application.

In particular, GABA rice is rice which enhances the germ fraction of rice as described above. The germ of rice contains various mineral components in addition to GABA. In the case where the inorganic substances supplied to GABA rice are not balanced during the growth of GABA rice, the growth of germs is adversely affected, and accordingly, the mineral components contained in germs and other parts are not balanced. It is known that minerals function as physiologically active substances in the human body together with GABA components. For example, Magnesium (Mg) helps insulin to work effectively and is effective in preventing fatal complications of Diabetes (Diabetes Care 2004 Jan; 27(1): 134-. Furthermore, zinc (Zn) is known to contribute to the formation of insulin and also to provide the treatment of schizophrenia and the maintenance of normal functions of the prostate gland, etc., and in the case of a human body lacking manganese (Mn), which causes diabetes due to hypofunction of the pancreas, Chromium (Cr) acts on blood glucose metabolism (Anderson RA: Chromium, glucose interpolarity and diabetes J Am Col Nutr 17: 548-.

The remains of crops contain organic and various inorganic substances. If crops grow normally in a rich and balanced mineral environment, the types and amounts of minerals contained in their remains will very faithfully reflect the mineral demand patterns of the relevant crops. This means that in the case of cultivating a specific crop, the residue of the corresponding crop can become a very important supply of inorganic matter. Therefore, when GABA rice is cultivated, if the rice straw of GABA rice is used as a fertilizer, organic substances can be supplied and inorganic substances can be supplied smoothly. However, since inorganic substances in the soil gradually run off by washing with rainwater or the like and are contained in the rice seeds and discharged to the outside, it is necessary to supply the inorganic substances to the soil from the outside.

In addition, in the natural ecosystem, plants and animals form a balance, which form a mutual food chain relationship. Moreover, animals have inorganic substances in vivo in a pattern similar to plants, although somewhat different. For example, the macroelements and microelements that make up plants and animals are substantially identical. In addition, a large amount of organic substances such as fat, carbohydrate, protein, and the like are contained in the animal body. Thus, remains of animals can be used as useful fertilizers for agricultural crops. Further, the animal contains metabolic substances such as vitamins. As an example, it has been reported that vitamin B1 activates genes related to the rice self-defense system to significantly inhibit infection of rice by mold, bacteria and viral pathogens.

Various animals such as terrestrial animals and marine animals can be used as fertilizers. Currently, animal fertilizers using various forms of animals are developed and used. They mainly use animal bone or blood meal, metabolites, fish meal, etc. However, since the conventional animal fertilizer utilizes a specific part such as bones of animals or blood powder, the imbalance of inorganic components is shown as a whole when considering the conventional inorganic model of animals and plants. For example, the conventional animal fertilizer contains too much nitrogen and phosphoric acid, and conversely, contains too little potassium. Therefore, when applying animal fertilizers to soil, it is necessary to apply chemical fertilizers such as potassium chloride and potassium sulfate. In addition, when a conventional animal fertilizer is applied, a large amount of nitrogen or phosphoric acid may remain in a farming area. As described above, nitrogen and phosphorus cause eutrophication of rivers or lakes, and in particular, phosphorus reduces the porosity of soil, thereby potentially deteriorating the water permeability and air permeability of the soil. As a conclusion, the existing animal-based fertilizers cannot provide balanced inorganic substances to the soil, and in particular, cannot provide trace elements necessary for the growth of crops.

In the present invention, remains of animals are used as a raw material of bio-fertilizer together with residues. In the case of using animals as fertilizers, preferably, marine animals can be used as compared with terrestrial animals. Livestock such as cattle or pigs are mainly considered as land animals that can be used as fertilizers, but livestock are generally raised on feed, and therefore, there is a risk of imbalance in nutrient components, particularly in inorganic nutrient components, and particularly, antibiotics may accumulate in the bodies of these livestock. The antibiotic substance inhibits the growth of effective microorganisms.

Preferably, the marine animals capable of being used as the fertilizer may be fishes and shrimps, and also other marine animals or marine organisms may be preferably used. However, echinoderms such as sea cucumber, sea urchin, starfish, etc. are limited or eliminated. Echinoderms are usually small and have a skeleton consisting of many calcareous (calcium carbonate) plates. Thus, the fertilizer prepared with echinoderm showed strong alkalinity. The alkaline fertilizer may be preferably applied to acid soil. However, when an alkaline fertilizer is applied to healthy soil, the soil is made alkaline. When the soil is alkalized to an acidity (pH) of 7.0 or more, growth of microorganisms is inhibited, and absorption of water and nutrients by plants is inhibited, thereby causing growth failure of plants.

Table 1 below shows the main organic and inorganic components of fish, such as ray, showing the amount contained per 100g of ray.

TABLE 1 major organic and inorganic constituents of ray (100g)

Composition (I)	Weight (mg)
		Nicotinic acid	1.50
Sodium salt	224.00
		Protein	1737.00
Sugar quality	10.00
		Vitamin B1	0.45
Vitamin B2	0.10
		Vitamin B6	0.18
Vitamin C	1.00
		Vitamin E	0.57
Zinc	0.42
		Folic acid	4.87
Phosphorus (P)	389.00
		Lipid	90.00
Iron	0.38
		Potassium salt	139.00
Calcium carbonate	605.00
		Cholesterol	87.00
Ash content	235.00

Table 2 shows the main organic and inorganic components contained in each 100g of anchovy.

TABLE 2 Main organic and inorganic components per 100g Engraulis japonicus Temminck et Schlegel

Further, table 3 shows the main organic and inorganic components contained per 100g of shrimp.

TABLE 3 major organic and inorganic constituents per 100g of shrimp

The above tables 1 to 3 show the main nutrients of marine animals. As can be seen from the table, marine animals contain a large amount of organic and inorganic substances. In particular, inorganic substances contain a large amount of phosphorus, potassium, and calcium as compared with zinc, iron, and the like. That is, as described above, marine animals have characteristics in inorganic substances that are substantially identical to major elements and minor elements of agricultural crops. For reference, the above table analyzes and describes only major trace elements among trace elements contained in marine animals, and actually, a large variety of trace elements are contained in marine animals. For example, according to the society of marine environmental safety, which issues a journal in 11 months 2010"study on inorganic elements of fishes inhabiting in the south China sea Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)" by jin Qing Shu, Cuiyan, Li Yong and Yi Shi Luo recorded in academic congress discourse, the result of qualitative analysis of inorganic elements of fishes collected from south China sea exclusive economic zone by using X-Ray fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF), and report shows that both of them are identical to P₂O₅、K₂O、CaO、SO₃Detecting Na together with MgO₂O、Al₂O₃、SiO₂、Cl、MnO、Fe₂O₃、CuO、ZnO、As₂O₃、Br。

In the soil improvement step (step S5), the bio-fertilizer is prepared by mixing water, GABA rice straw, marine animals such as fish, molasses, and a microbial agent, and then fermenting the mixture under normal temperature conditions for a predetermined period of time, for example, for one year or more. Wherein the mixing ratio of each material is set to 60-65 weight percent of water, 10 weight percent of rice straw, 10 weight percent of marine organism, 10 weight percent of molasses and 10-5 weight percent of microbial agent. The mixing ratio of the respective materials can be appropriately changed. In order to provide various and balanced inorganic substances, 2 or more kinds of fish remains are preferably used.

Among them, GABA rice straw is preferably used for GABA rice cultivation. In the case of cultivating crops other than rice, it is preferable to use residues of the relevant crops instead of the rice straw. Of course, crops generally contain a similar pattern of inorganic matter, and thus any other green manure or residue may be used. In the case of rice straw, there are koji molds and Bacillus subtilis which exhibit strong decomposition ability for various organic substances. Therefore, when residues or green manure other than rice straw is used, it is preferable to use them together with rice straw.

The molasses can help rapid proliferation of saccharophilic microorganisms such as lactic acid bacteria for shortening the fermentation time as a whole. The molasses may be replaced by, for example, water from which the grains have been cooked.

The microbial agent is prepared by culturing leaf mold as stock. It is published that 3 ten thousand protozoa, 4 ten thousand algae, 40 ten thousand molds, and billion bacteria exist in 1g of leaf mold. In the case of preparing the microbial agent, firstly, leaf mold and glutinous rice are mixed in a ratio of, for example, 1: 1 to produce a leaf mold mixture. Preferably, leaf mold is taken from a plurality of sites adjacent to the mountains of the agricultural land. This is to culture indigenous microorganisms most suitable for the soil in which crops are cultivated. Then, the mixture of rice straw and leaf mold is alternately stacked in a vessel, i.e., a culture tank, and fermented at room temperature for, for example, 6 months or more. Among them, rice straw is provided for efficient culture of microorganisms. As mentioned above, there are Bacillus subtilis and Aspergillus sojae in rice straw, which constitute the bottom layer of the microbial food chain. Also, the glutinous rice is mainly provided as a food for aspergillus, i.e., a nutrient. Aspergillus together with the sauce koji form the bottom layer of the microbial food chain, which is mainly present in large amounts in leaf mold.

When the cultivation is started, the ecological environment of the culture tank is changed by the growth of soy sauce koji, aspergillus koji and the like in an explosive manner by eating rice straw and glutinous rice, and then the ecological environment of the culture tank is gradually changed by the proliferation of other bacteria which like this ecological environment in a chain or simultaneously. For example, aspergillus sojae and yeast decompose organic substances such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates contained in rice straw or glutinous rice, and convert them into monosaccharides such as glucose or fructose at low molecular weight. Thus, the sugar-philic lactic acid bacteria are proliferated to excrete lactic acid, thereby changing the culture environment to a strongly acidic one, and then, as yeast that prefers an acidic environment proliferates, nutrients are synthesized into various mineral components such as amino acids, nucleic acids, fatty acids, hormones, vitamins, and the like. In such a series of microbial growth processes, a flow of water circulation is generated to liquefy the entire culture tank.

In addition, in leaf mold, harmful microorganisms are present together with effective microorganisms. However, the culture of the above microorganisms is accompanied by, for example, 60 ℃ or higher heat generation. It is known that effective microorganisms are classified into thermophilic bacteria, and harmful microorganisms such as pathogenic bacteria are classified into hypothermic bacteria. If the culture temperature of the microorganisms rises above 40 ℃, the proliferation of a considerable number of effective microorganisms becomes active, and conversely, the activity of harmful microorganisms is greatly reduced or killed. Therefore, the presence of harmful microorganisms of the final microbial agent becomes very minimal.

In the process of preparing the bio-fertilizer, when water and GABA rice straw, marine animals, molasses and a microbial agent are put into a fermentation tank and mixed, as in the process of preparing the microbial agent, aspergillus sojae or aspergillus proliferates with rice straw and marine animals as food, and simultaneously, lactic acid bacteria of the microbial agent starts to proliferate with molasses as food. Then, the nutrient substance is liquefied through the same process as described above. Also, this fermentation process is accompanied by a heat generation process of 60 ℃ or more, thereby inhibiting the proliferation of harmful microorganisms.

The biological fertilizer basically contains a plurality of effective indigenous microorganisms required for the growth of crops. And, the bio-fertilizer contains various mineral components produced in the metabolic process of indigenous microorganisms. In particular, rice straws and marine animals provided as nutrients have macro-and trace elements in substantially the same or similar pattern as the corresponding crops, and the bio-fertilizer contains all the inorganic substances required for the growth of the crops in a quantitatively well-balanced manner. Therefore, when the biological fertilizer is provided to crops, the problems of the growth of the crops being hindered or the soil being wasted due to the inconsistent or unbalanced composition or amount of inorganic substances can be prevented.

The biological fertilizer is diluted by about 300-700 times for use. At this time, the dilution ratio and the amount of the bio-fertilizer to be used are set based on the results of the physical and chemical analysis of the soil performed in the soil analysis step (step S2). That is, the bio-fertilizer has a pattern identical or similar to the qualitative and quantitative pattern of the inorganic substances required for the crops, and the amount of the bio-fertilizer to be put can be preferably set according to the result value of the specific macroelement obtained from the physical and chemical analysis. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the soil analysis step (step S2) further includes biological analysis of the soil together with the physical and chemical analysis of the soil, and the dilution ratio and the amount of the bio-fertilizer to be used are set by comprehensively considering the analysis results.

In the soil improvement step (step S5), bio-fertilizer is sprayed on the whole after turning over green manure crops, i.e., farmlands where rape is grown. In this case, a method of turning over the field after spraying the bio-fertilizer on the field may also be employed. If a bio-fertilizer is sprayed on a farmland, a variety of effective microorganisms contained in the fertilizer proliferate and attach to the soil using green manure crops. Microorganisms attached to soil through such a process synthesize various mineral components such as amino acids, nucleic acids, fatty acids, hormones, vitamins, etc. in soil, inhabit the rhizosphere of crops to have a great influence on the healthy growth of crops as follows: inhibiting the attachment and growth of pathogenic bacteria, and secreting growth hormone of crops. In order to stably attach the microorganisms to the soil, it is preferable that soil improvement is performed 1 month before the rice transplanting operation (step S6).

The transplanting step (step S6) is performed by a conventional method. However, in the case of cultivating GABA rice by a direct seeding cultivation method other than the rice transplanting method, the soil improvement (step S5) is performed about 1 month before the seeding.

If seedlings are transplanted in the farmland, the GABA rice needs to pass through a vegetative growth period of about 60-70 days and a reproductive growth period of about 20-25 days after the seedlings are transplanted. In this example, leaf analysis of GABA rice was performed about 30 days after the rice transplanting (step S7), and the above-described bio-fertilizer was applied to the leaf surface according to the analysis result (step S8). The leaf analysis described above determines whether or not the soil improvement step (step S5) is appropriate for fertilization, and supplies sufficient minerals to GABA rice, thereby helping the rice thrive and extracting a full rice ear in the subsequent reproductive growth period. In particular, as described above, GABA rice strengthens the germ portion of rice, and therefore, it is preferable to secure sufficient supply of inorganic substances for the stable growth of the germ. Further, at this time, foliar application may be performed by means such as aerial spraying using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and the amount of the bio-fertilizer used in foliar application is appropriately set to a dilution ratio and an amount of use according to the result of foliar analysis.

Then, after 40 to 45 days from the ear of rice being pulled out and the ear of rice is ripe, rice is harvested by a conventional method, and the cultivation of rice is completed (step S9). After the rice harvest is completed, a series of rice cultivation processes from the sowing of green manure crops can be performed again as described above.

In the above, the embodiments of the present invention have been explained. In the present invention, indigenous microorganisms are cultured and then attached to soil. The soil is improved and an appropriate organic material and an appropriate inorganic material required for the growth of crops are supplied to the soil. Microorganisms attached to the soil metabolize organic and inorganic substances to synthesize mineral components effective for plant growth, and inhibit proliferation of pathogenic bacteria in the soil. Thus, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly method for cultivating GABA rice which can eliminate the use of chemical fertilizers and agricultural chemicals.

In addition, in the present invention, in the cultivation of GABA rice, sufficient supply of all inorganic substances including macro-elements and trace elements is achieved. Therefore, the growth of GABA rice germ can be stably realized, and the defect of GABA component and mineral component caused by incomplete growth of germ can be effectively prevented.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the technical idea of the present invention. For example, the above examples illustrate the present invention in the case of applying GABA rice cultivation by the rice transplanting method, but the present invention can be applied to the direct seeding cultivation method in the same manner.

The present invention can be applied to the cultivation of other crops than GABA rice in the same manner.

Claims

1. An environment-friendly cultivation method of GABA rice with the effects of reducing blood sugar and preventing dementia,

the method comprises the following steps:

a green manure crop sowing step, namely sowing green manure crops in the farmland after harvesting GABA rice;

a soil analysis step of performing physical and chemical analysis on soil of the farmland;

a seed disinfection and sowing step, namely disinfecting and sowing GABA rice seeds;

a soil improvement step of improving soil according to the soil analysis result;

a step of transplanting rice seedlings, namely transplanting rice seedlings in soil;

a GABA rice leaf analyzing step of analyzing mineral components existing in the GABA rice leaves during the vegetative growth phase of the GABA rice;

a leaf surface fertilization step, wherein biological fertilizer is applied to the leaf surface according to the leaf analysis result of the GABA rice; and

harvesting GABA rice, namely harvesting GABA rice;

in the soil improvement step, the green manure crop is ploughed and bio-fertilizer is sprayed on the soil,

the biological fertilizer is prepared by mixing and fermenting water, GABA rice straw, fish, molasses and microbial agent.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sterilization of the seeds comprises:

a first step of immersing rice seeds in water at 60 ℃; and

in the second step, rice seeds are immersed in water at 10 ℃.

3. The method for environmentally friendly cultivating GABA rice having effects of lowering blood sugar and preventing dementia as claimed in claim 1, wherein said bio-fertilizer is prepared by mixing 60-65 wt% of water, 10 wt% of rice straw, 10 wt% of fish, 10 wt% of molasses and 10-5 wt% of microbial agent and fermenting.

4. The method for eco-friendly cultivation of GABA rice having effects of lowering blood sugar and preventing dementia as claimed in claim 3, wherein the microbial agent is prepared by mixing and fermenting leaf mold, glutinous rice and rice straw.

5. The method of eco-friendly cultivation of GABA rice having hypoglycemic and dementia preventing effects as claimed in claim 1, wherein said soil analyzing step further comprises a biological analyzing step of analyzing soil microorganism.

6. An environment-friendly cultivation method of GABA rice with the effects of reducing blood sugar and preventing dementia,

the method comprises the following steps:

a leaf analysis step of rice, in which the mineral components present in the leaves of GABA rice are analyzed during the vegetative growth phase of GABA rice;

harvesting GABA rice;