CN112544312B - Method for efficiently trapping and killing lygus lucorum in tea garden - Google Patents
Method for efficiently trapping and killing lygus lucorum in tea garden Download PDFInfo
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- CN112544312B CN112544312B CN202011411721.3A CN202011411721A CN112544312B CN 112544312 B CN112544312 B CN 112544312B CN 202011411721 A CN202011411721 A CN 202011411721A CN 112544312 B CN112544312 B CN 112544312B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/12—Powders or granules
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having a double or triple bond to nitrogen, e.g. cyanates, cyanamides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N51/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds having the sequences of atoms O—N—S, X—O—S, N—N—S, O—N—N or O-halogen, regardless of the number of bonds each atom has and with no atom of these sequences forming part of a heterocyclic ring
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for efficiently trapping and killing lygus lucorum in a tea garden, and belongs to the technical field of field pest biological control. The method comprises the steps of burying basil seeds and systemic insecticide granules aiming at lygus lucorum at the periphery of a tea garden or among tea rows, wherein the burying amount is 30-60 holes/mu, and the hole spacing is 1-2 m; burying seeds and watering enough water, enabling adult basil plants to bloom in 9-10 months of the year through cultivation management, and trapping and killing lygus lucorum by utilizing the trapping function of basil inflorescences; wherein each hole is more than or equal to 2g of systemic insecticide granules for apolygus lucorum. The method can block the green plant bugs from migrating to the tea garden, reduce the population density of the green plant bugs in the tea garden, reduce the harm of the green plant bugs to tea trees, establish a pest control mode based on landscape ecology, and reduce the use amount of chemical control pesticides in the tea garden and the environmental pollution of the pesticides.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of field pest biological control, and particularly relates to a method for efficiently trapping and killing lygus lucorum in a tea garden.
Background
In recent years, mirid has an increasing trend in harm in tea areas in China, adults and nymphs like to eat young and tender tea shoots, and the appearance quality and the economic value of tea tree buds and leaves are seriously influenced. The lygus lucorum is mainly in early spring and autumn at the insect population peak period of the tea garden, and particularly causes great loss to the production of spring tea. After the green plant bugs eat the tender buds of the tea trees, dead spots can be formed on the bud leaves, a plurality of irregular holes are formed on the leaves or the leaf margins are damaged and rotten along with the growth of the damaged bud leaves, and finally the symptoms of the leaf breaking crazy are presented. The lygus lucorum is small in size, green in whole body and is favored to live in a hidden place. The nymphs are active and generally move on the bud tips in the morning and evening and in the cloudy day, and the nymphs hide when the sunlight is slightly strong.
The existing method for preventing mirid mainly comprises chemical agent prevention, color plate trapping prevention and sex pheromone trapping prevention and control; wherein, the generally adopted chemical medicament prevention and control method causes mirid to gradually generate drug resistance and drug resistance to the mirid; in order to maintain the control effect, new medicaments need to be continuously screened for the control of mirid bugs; moreover, the use of chemical agents can kill some beneficial insects and birds, so that the ecological balance is destroyed; in addition, the residue of chemical agents poses a threat to the health of human beings; the color plate trapping method is a physical prevention and control method which is carried out by utilizing the trend of mirid to color, and the method is green and safe; however, the selectivity of mirid to a particular color may vary from population to population and habitat; therefore, the effect of trapping by adopting the color plate is unstable and is sometimes less effective; the sex attractant is another control method which has obvious trapping effect on insects, high safety and no drug resistance, is generally developed by adopting special volatile substance components on certain plants, has good trapping effect on the insects, but has short duration and is easily influenced by severe weather such as rainwater and the like because the effect is based on the volatility of effective components of the sex attractant; in addition, the sex attractant only plays a role in attracting pests, and particularly, other insect catching devices are required to be matched for killing the pests, so that the insect catching effect of the insect catching devices has a remarkable influence on the overall effect of the insect catching devices.
At present, the green plant bug in the tea garden is mainly controlled by chemistry, the green plant bug is difficult to control due to the migration habit of the green plant bug in the tea garden, the risk of pesticide residue in dry tea of tea leaves is increased, the ecological system of the tea garden is polluted and damaged, a stable and effective green plant bug ecological regulation and control product needs to be researched and developed to control the harm of the green plant bug, the dependence of control on pesticides is reduced, and the food safety of people is guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for efficiently trapping and killing lygus lucorum in a tea garden; the basil seeds and the systemic insecticide granules aiming at the lygus lucorum are buried at the periphery of a tea garden or among tea rows, the basil adult plants are enabled to bloom in 9-10 months of the year through cultivation management, the lygus lucorum is trapped and killed by utilizing the trapping function of the basil inflorescence, the migration of the lygus lucorum to the tea garden is blocked, the population density of the lygus lucorum in the tea garden is reduced, the harm of the lygus lucorum to tea trees is reduced, meanwhile, a pest control mode based on landscape ecology is established, and the usage amount of chemical control pesticides in the tea garden and the pesticide environmental pollution are reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for efficiently trapping and killing lygus lucorum in a tea garden comprises the steps of burying basil seeds and systemic insecticide granules aiming at lygus lucorum at the periphery of the tea garden or among tea rows, wherein the burying amount is 30-60 holes/mu, and the hole spacing is 1-2 m; burying seeds and watering enough water, enabling adult basil plants to bloom in 9-10 months of the year through cultivation management, and trapping and killing lygus lucorum by utilizing the trapping function of basil inflorescences; wherein each hole is more than or equal to 2g of systemic insecticide granules for apolygus lucorum.
On the basis of the scheme, the systemic insecticide granules for lygus lucorum are at least one of sulfoxaflor granules, nitenpyram granules and dinotefuran granules, and preferably flonicamid granules.
On the basis of the scheme, the systemic insecticidal granule for lygus lucorum is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
20% of systemic insecticide, 3-5% of white carbon black, 5-10% of light calcium carbonate, 1-3% of polyvinyl alcohol, 1% of anhydrous sodium sulfate and the balance of sodium bentonite.
On the basis of the scheme, the basil seeds are any one of clove basil, tamarind, cassia basil, sweet basil, extra-large basil and purple basil, and the preferable basil is clove basil.
On the basis of the scheme, the basil seeds are treated by a bactericide in advance, specifically, the basil seeds are coated by using 25 g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent, the treatment dosage is 100 mg/100 g, and the basil seeds are dried.
On the basis of the scheme, the basil seeds and the systemic insecticide granules for the lygus lucorum are prepared into a cultivation tank or a cultivation box, so that the tea garden is convenient to plant.
A basil cultivation tank for efficiently trapping and killing lygus lucorum in a tea garden is formed by filling a growth substrate, basil seeds treated by a bactericide and systemic insecticidal granules aiming at the lygus lucorum in a packaging tank, sealing a tank opening with aluminum foil paper and then carrying out vacuum plastic packaging;
the packaging tank of the cultivation tank is formed by pressing straws;
the growth substrate consists of the following components in parts by weight:
5-6 parts of turf, 2-3 parts of perlite and 1-2 parts of flower fertilizer controlled-release fertilizer particles, wherein the water content is less than or equal to 5%;
the basil seed is any one of Ocimum gratissimum, Ocimum vulgaris, Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum basilicum, sweet Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum sanctum and Ocimum basilicum;
the systemic insecticide granules for the lygus lucorum are at least one of sulfoxaflor granules, nitenpyram granules and dinotefuran granules.
On the basis of the scheme, the packaging can is a cylindrical cultivation packaging can with a bottom and containing 85% of straw components; specification: the height is 18cm, and the diameter of the bottom is 12 cm; the bottom and the tank wall are provided with water seepage holes.
On the basis of the scheme, the filling method of the basil cultivation pot for efficiently trapping lygus lucorum in the tea garden comprises the following steps:
600-800 g of growth substrate is filled in a straw packaging can, 0.2g of basil seeds treated by bactericide and more than or equal to 2g of systemic insecticidal granules are placed at a position 2cm away from the can opening, and the can opening is sealed by aluminum foil paper and then is vacuum-packaged.
On the basis of the scheme, the filling amount of the systemic insecticidal granules is more than or equal to 8 g.
On the basis of the scheme, the preparation method of the systemic insecticidal granule for lygus lucorum comprises the steps of crushing the materials, uniformly stirring, adding a small amount of water, extruding and granulating, and drying by a fluidized bed to prepare the systemic insecticidal granule.
The method for trapping and killing the lygus lucorum in the tea garden by using the basil cultivation pot filled by the method comprises the following steps: burying basil cultivation pots around a tea garden or among tea rows, wherein the planting amount is 30-60 pots/mu, and the pot spacing is 1-2 m; when the basil is buried, the plastic film package is removed, the aluminum foil paper seal cover is removed, the opening of the basil cultivation tank is kept level with the ground, 1L of water is poured into each tank, fertilizer and water management is not needed in the whole growing season, and the basil is weeded for 1-2 times in the seedling stage.
The technical scheme of the invention has the advantages that:
the trapping and killing method is suitable for trapping the adult green plant bugs in the tea garden, so that the adult green plant bugs are fed, spawned and propagated on the basil inflorescence, the basil flowering period is long, the effect of trapping the green plant bugs lasts for a long time, and the green plant bugs can be greatly blocked from transferring to the tea garden, so that the population density of the green plant bugs in the tea garden is reduced, the large-area application of the tea garden to control the green plant bugs is reduced, the control cost is reduced, and the method is environment-friendly. In addition, the leaves and flower fragrance of basil are pleasant, the plant shape is beautiful, the tea garden environment can be beautified, essential oil can be extracted from the plant, and the aromatic components and bioactive components in the essential oil can be used for food, health care, cosmetics, essence and medicine. Therefore, the method for trapping and killing the lygus lucorum in the tea garden has the characteristics of high value, simplicity, easiness in implementation, practicability and good effect.
The sulfoxaflor is a low-toxicity and systemic sulfoximine pesticide, and acts on a unique binding site in a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) to play a role in killing insects. Can be absorbed by leaves, stems and roots and enter the plant body. The sulfoxaflor is suitable for all sucking mouthparts pests such as lygus, aphids, whiteflies, plant hoppers, scale insects and the like, and has low toxicity to non-target arthropods. The sulfoxaflor has good photostability and persistence, plant compatibility and environmental friendliness, and shows high selectivity to mammals and insects. The invention adopts sulfoxaflor as a systemic insecticide for lygus lucorum, and has better insecticidal effect than nitenpyram and dinotefuran; in addition, the sulfoxaflor is prepared into the particle slow-release agent, so that the sulfoxaflor still has higher concentration in the basil flowering phase, and the poisoning effect on lygus lucorum can be met; the duration is long, and the stability of the control effect is guaranteed.
According to the invention, through examining the trapping effect of 7 kinds of basil such as Ocimum gratissimum, Ocimum fagopyrum, Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum sanctum and Ocimum basilicum on lygus lucorum, the result shows that the trapping effect of Ocimum gratissimum on Ocimum gratissimum is the best.
In addition, the straw usually refers to the residual part of the harvested seeds of crops such as wheat, rice, corn and the like, and the straw is rich in organic matters and high in crude fiber content. With the rapid development of agricultural production technology, the grain yield is greatly improved, and the yield of straws is also very rich. The straw has the characteristics of degradability and no pollution to the environment, and the product of the straw is gradually replacing plastic products to be used in daily life of people. The invention uses the straw to press into a specific cultivating pot to contain basil seeds, a growth substrate and a systemic insecticide; the straw packaging tank can be gradually degraded in the basil growth period, does not need to be recovered in the later period, is time-saving and labor-saving, and is environment-friendly; the degraded straw components can improve nutrient substances for the growth of basil, promote the growth of basil, and effectively trap lygus lucorum in the flowering phase of the basil with better growth vigor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows trapping effects of different basil varieties on tea garden apolygus lucorum;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the effect of different insecticides on the pesticidal effect of lygus lucorum;
FIG. 3 is the effect of 1m spacing of basil pots in a tea garden on the control of lygus lucorum;
FIG. 4 is the effect of 2m spacing of basil pots in a tea garden on the control of lygus lucorum;
FIG. 5 is the effect of 4m spacing of basil pots in a tea garden on the control of lygus lucorum;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of 1m spacing of Basil pots in a tea garden on the trapping range;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of a 2m spacing of the pots for cultivation of Ocimum basilicum in a tea garden on the trapping range;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the effect of 4m spacing of Basil pots in a tea garden on the trapping range;
fig. 9 is a graph of the aggregation of lygus lucorum on the purple catkin of Ocimum gratissimum with black circles indicating the location of the lygus lucorum.
Detailed Description
Terms used in the present invention have generally meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art, unless otherwise specified.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following data in conjunction with specific examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Example 1
A method for efficiently trapping and killing lygus lucorum in a tea garden comprises the steps of burying basil seeds and systemic insecticide granules aiming at lygus lucorum at the periphery of the tea garden or among tea rows, wherein the burying amount is 30-60 holes/mu, and the hole spacing is 1-2 m; burying seeds and watering enough water, enabling adult basil plants to bloom in 9-10 months of the year through cultivation management, and trapping and killing lygus lucorum by utilizing the trapping function of basil inflorescences; wherein each hole is more than or equal to 2g of systemic insecticide granules for apolygus lucorum.
The systemic insecticide granules for lygus lucorum are sulfoxaflor granules.
The systemic insecticide granule for lygus lucorum is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
20% of systemic insecticide, 3-5% of white carbon black, 5-10% of light calcium carbonate, 1-3% of polyvinyl alcohol, 1% of anhydrous sodium sulfate and the balance of sodium bentonite.
The basil seed is clove basil.
The basil seeds are treated by a bactericide in advance, specifically, the basil seeds are coated by 25 g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent, the treatment dosage is 100 mg/100 g seed, and the basil seeds are dried.
Example 2
A basil cultivation pot for efficiently trapping lygus lucorum is formed by filling basil growth substrates, clove basil seeds treated by medicaments and sulfoxaflor granules in a packaging pot, sealing the mouth of the pot with aluminum foil paper and then performing vacuum plastic packaging; the packaging tank of the cultivation tank is formed by pressing straws; in particular to a cylinder cultivation packaging can with a bottom and containing 85 percent of straw components; specification: the height is 18cm, and the diameter of the bottom is 12 cm; the bottom and the tank wall are provided with water seepage holes;
the filling method of the basil cultivation pot for efficiently trapping and killing lygus lucorum comprises the following steps: 600-800 g of basil growth matrix is filled in a straw packaging can, 0.2g of medicament treatment clove basil seeds and 8g of sulfoxaflor granules are placed at a position 2cm away from a can opening, and the can opening is sealed by aluminum foil paper and then vacuum-packaged.
The packaging tank which is pressed by the straws and contains 85 percent of straw components can be prepared by adopting the prior art, and can also be prepared by adopting the following components in percentage by mass: 85% of straw, 5% of pulse aldehyde resin and 10% of resin adhesive are extruded and formed through a special mechanical device and a configuration die, and then the resin adhesive with the surface coating content of 10% in mass percentage is heated, baked and cooled, and then the resin adhesive is cured through ultraviolet rays to manufacture the cylindrical can.
The basil growth substrate consists of the following components in parts by weight:
6 parts of turf, 3 parts of perlite and 2 parts of flower fertilizer controlled-release fertilizer particles, wherein the water content is less than or equal to 5 percent; the preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing the grass carbon and the perlite according to a certain proportion, putting the mixture into drying equipment, drying the mixture for 24 hours at 50-75 ℃, mixing the mixture with the flower fertilizer controlled-release fertilizer particles, and drying and storing the mixture.
The basil seeds are treated by a bactericide in advance, specifically, the basil seeds are coated by 25 g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent, the treatment dosage is 100 mg/100 g of seeds, and the seeds are dried.
The sulfoxaflor granule is prepared from the following components in parts by weight:
20% of sulfoxaflor, 3-5% of white carbon black, 5-10% of light calcium carbonate, 1-3% of polyvinyl alcohol, 1% of anhydrous sodium sulfate and the balance of sodium bentonite; the materials are crushed and stirred uniformly, a small amount of water is added for extrusion granulation, and then fluidized bed drying is carried out to prepare the flonicamid granules with the concentration of 20%.
Example 3
The tea garden apolygus lucorum trapping and killing method comprises the steps of burying the basil cultivation pots in the periphery of a tea garden or among tea rows, wherein the burying amount is 30-60 pots/mu, and the pot spacing is 1-2 m; when the basil is buried, the plastic film package is removed, the aluminum foil paper seal cover is removed, the opening of the basil cultivation tank is kept level with the ground, 1L of water is poured into each tank, fertilizer and water management is not needed in the whole growing season, and the basil is weeded for 1-2 times in the seedling stage.
Trapping effect of different basil varieties on tea garden lygus lucorum
The straw pressing cylindrical cultivation tank (specification: height 18cm, bottom diameter 12cm) is filled with 800g basil growth substrate (6 parts of turf, 3 parts of perlite, 1 part of flower fertilizer controlled release fertilizer particles, water content less than or equal to 5%), and 0.2g medicament is placed on a substrate layer 2cm away from the tank opening to treat basil seeds of different varieties; the basil seeds are respectively clove basil, French basil, cassia basil, sweet basil and purple basil (about 100 basil seeds are treated by seed coating with fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent of 25 g/L in advance, the treatment dosage is 100 mg/100 g seeds), and the basil seeds are sealed by aluminum foil paper and then are packaged in a vacuum plastic bag.
Planting cultivation pots containing different basil variety seeds in a tea garden respectively, burying the basil cultivation pots on a single side of a tea garden community, keeping the distance between the basil cultivation pots and tea trees at 50cm, keeping the pot mouth level with the ground when burying seeds, and pouring 1L of water in each pot. Planting in single row, 20 pots per mu, 1m pot spacing, repeating 6 times. The basil cultivation pot does not carry out fertilizer and water management in the whole growing season, weed is removed for 1 time in the seedling stage of basil, basil flowers in large quantity at 9 th, and the trapping quantity of basil inflorescences to lygus lucorum is investigated.
The results are shown in fig. 1, in 7 kinds of basil varieties, a great amount of lygus lucorum is gathered on the basil raceme of clove, the number of lygus lucorum is more than 3 times of that on other basil inflorescences, and is obviously higher than that of other 6 basil varieties.
Secondly, influence of different insecticides on insecticidal effect of lygus lucorum
The preparation method of the systemic insecticidal granule aiming at lygus lucorum comprises the following steps: 20% of systemic insecticide (flonicamid, nitenpyram and dinotefuran are respectively adopted), 3-5% of white carbon black, 5-10% of light calcium carbonate, 1-3% of polyvinyl alcohol, 1% of anhydrous sodium sulfate and the balance of sodium bentonite. Pulverizing the materials, stirring, adding small amount of water, extruding, granulating, and fluidized bed drying to obtain granule with 20% of effective component.
The straw pressing cylindrical cultivation pot (specification: height 18cm, bottom diameter 12cm) is filled with 600g basil growth substrate (6 parts of turf, 3 parts of perlite, 1 part of flower fertilizer controlled release fertilizer particles and water content less than or equal to 5%), 0.2g medicament is placed on the substrate layer 2cm away from the pot mouth to treat clove basil seeds (about 100 granules, seed coating treatment is carried out by using 25 g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent, treatment dosage is 100 mg/100 g seeds), 20% of sulfoxaflor, nitenpyram and dinotefuran sustained release granules (dosage of each granule is 2g, 4g and 8g respectively) are respectively placed, and the pot mouth is sealed by aluminum foil paper and then vacuum plastic-coated.
Burying basil cultivation pots on one side of a tea garden community, keeping the distance between the basil cultivation pots and tea trees at 50cm, keeping the pot mouth level with the ground when burying the basil cultivation pots, and pouring 1L of water in each pot. Planting in single row, 60 pots per mu, with pot spacing of 1 m. Controls without granule treatment were also set. The basil cultivation pot does not manage fertilizer and water in the whole growing season, weed is removed for 1 time in the seedling stage of basil, and the caryophylli inflorescences are collected to carry out indoor toxicity bioassay of lygus lucorum after 9 early flowering of caryophylli basil. Each section of inflorescence is 10cm, the inflorescence is filled into glass test tubes, 5 lygus lucorum heads are inoculated into each test tube, 20 test insects are taken as one repetition, and each treatment is repeated for 5 times. The test conditions are as follows: the temperature is 25 +/-2 ℃, the humidity is 70 +/-5% r.h, the illumination period is L14: D10, and the death rate of the lygus lucorum is counted for 24 hours.
The results are shown in figure 2, with 8g sulfoxaflor granules treated with ocimum gracile inflorescence, the mortality rate of lygus lucorum fed was 78.57%, significantly higher than the other treatments.
Thirdly, the influence of the distance between the basil cultivation pots in the tea garden on the control effect of the lygus lucorum
A straw pressing cylindrical cultivation tank (specification: height 18cm, bottom diameter 12cm) is filled with 800g of basil growth substrate (6 parts of turf, 3 parts of perlite, 1 part of flower fertilizer controlled release fertilizer particles and water content less than or equal to 5%), 0.2g of medicament treatment basil seeds (about 100 granules, seed coating treatment is carried out by using 25 g/L fludioxonil suspending agent, treatment dosage is 100 mg/100 g seeds) and more than 8g of sulfoxaflor granules are placed on the substrate layer 2cm away from a tank opening, and the tank opening is sealed by using aluminum foil paper and then is subjected to vacuum plastic packaging.
Burying seeds in an experimental tea garden of Shandong Tai camellia xi Gu agricultural development Limited company in 6 and 20 days in 2020, burying the basil cultivation pots among tea rows, burying one row of basil in each 8 rows of tea trees, and planting the basil pots at intervals of 1m, 2m and 4m, wherein the planting amount is respectively 60 pots/mu, 30 pots/mu and 15 pots/mu. When the seeds are buried, the pot mouth is level to the ground, each pot is watered with enough 1L of water, and the seeds are planted in a single row. Control treatment was also set and repeated three times. The basil cultivation pots were not subjected to fertilizer and water management throughout the growing season, were herbicidal for 1 time in the young seedling stage of basil (day 7 and 20), had plenty of flowering in early 9 months of caryophylli basil, and were investigated for the number of lygus lucorum on tea trees in the 9 month 10-30 caryophylli basil-treated tea gardens and untreated control tea garden tea trees, as well as the number of lygus lucorum on the purple common inflorescence of caryophylli basil and the number of lygus lucorum on tea trees, respectively. The results are shown in figures 3-5, where a is the number of lygus lucorum in the eugenol basil treated tea garden compared to the number of lygus lucorum in the control tea garden; and b, comparing the number of lygus lucorum on the purple common inflorescence of the Ocimum gratissimum in the Ocimum gratissimum treated tea garden with the number of lygus lucorum on the tea plant.
As can be seen from fig. 3-5, the number of lygus lucorum in the tea garden where basil caryophyllata was buried was significantly less than the number of control tea gardens; the number of lygus lucorum on the purple common inflorescence of the Ocimum gratissimum in the tea garden treated by the Ocimum gratissimum is obviously higher than that of lygus lucorum on tea trees; the number of lygus lucorum treated in the tea garden at 1m planting distance was less than the number of lygus lucorum treated in the tea garden at 2m and 4m planting distance, and this difference was more and more significant over time.
Fourth, the influence of the number of the basil cultivation pots in the tea garden on the trapping range
A straw pressing cylindrical cultivation tank (specification: height 18cm, bottom diameter 12cm) is filled with 800g of basil growth substrate (6 parts of turf, 3 parts of perlite, 1 part of flower fertilizer controlled release fertilizer particles and water content less than or equal to 5%), 0.2g of medicament treatment clove basil seeds (about 100 particles, seed coating treatment is carried out by using 25 g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent, treatment dosage is 100 mg/100 g seeds) and 8g of sulfoxaflor granules are placed on the substrate layer 2cm away from a tank opening, and the tank opening is sealed by using aluminum foil paper and then is subjected to vacuum plastic packaging.
Burying seeds in an experimental tea garden of east Xing agriculture Limited company in Taian city in 2019, 6 and 10 days, burying clove basil cultivation pots on a single side of a tea garden plot, wherein the distance between the clove basil cultivation pots and tea trees is 50cm, a pot opening is level to the ground when the seeds are buried, and each pot is watered with 1L of water. Planting in single row with the planting amount of 60, 30 and 15 pots/mu respectively at the pot interval of 1m, 2m and 4 m. Meanwhile, setting a comparison treatment, wherein the comparison group is a tea garden without burying a clove basil cultivation pot; repeat 6 times. The basil cultivation pots were not subjected to fertilizer and water management throughout the growing season, weeding was performed for 1 time during the basil seedling stage (7 months and 15 days), the number of lygus lucorum on tea trees in the 9 th and 30 th eugenol basil-treated tea gardens and on untreated control tea garden tea trees was investigated, respectively, the number of lygus lucorum on purple common inflorescences of eugenol basil and on tea trees in eugenol basil-treated tea gardens, and the number of lygus lucorum on tea trees at 10m, 20m, 30m tea rows of eugenol basil cultivation pots were investigated. The results are shown in figures 6-8, where a is the number of lygus lucorum in the eugenol basil treated tea garden compared to the number of lygus lucorum in the control tea garden; b, comparing the number of lygus lucorum on the purple common inflorescence of the Ocimum gratissimum in the tea garden treated by the Ocimum gratissimum with the number of lygus lucorum on the tea plant; c is the number of lygus lucorum on caryophylli in the caryophylli treated tea garden compared to the number of lygus lucorum on tea rows 10m, 20m and 30m from caryophylli respectively.
As can be seen from fig. 6-8, the number of lygus lucorum in the tea garden where basil caryophyllata was buried was significantly less than the number of control tea gardens; the number of lygus lucorum on the purple common inflorescence of the Ocimum gratissimum in the tea garden treated by the Ocimum gratissimum is obviously higher than that of lygus lucorum on tea trees; in the 1m planting distance of the tea garden treated by the Ocimum gratissimi, the population quantity of the lygus lucorum is obviously less than that of the control tea garden, and the quantity of the lygus lucorum in the control tea garden is 2-3 times that of the tea garden treated by the Ocimum gratissimi. After 9 months, a large amount of lygus lucorum is gathered on the raceme after the sweet basil blooms, and the amount of the lygus lucorum is about 10 to 20 times of that of tea trees. And the number of lygus lucorum in the tea garden of which the distance from the sweet basil cultivation pot to the tea row is 10m, 20m and 30m is investigated, and the result shows that the sweet basil exerts the trapping range of at least 30m on the lygus lucorum. When the planting distance of 4m is adopted, the number of the lygus lucorum in the tea row with the distance of 30m is equivalent to that of the basil caryophyllata, which shows that the planting distance of 1-2m is easy to adopt when the actual cultivation pot for burying the basil caryophyllata is used for preventing and controlling the lygus lucorum in a tea garden; the cultivation quantity of each mu is proper to adopt 15-60 pots.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for efficiently trapping and killing lygus lucorum in a tea garden is characterized in that basil seeds and systemic insecticide granules aiming at the lygus lucorum are buried at the periphery of the tea garden or among tea rows, the planting quantity is 30-60 holes/mu, and the hole spacing is 1-2 m; burying seeds and watering enough water, enabling adult basil plants to bloom in 9-10 months of the year through cultivation management, and trapping and killing lygus lucorum by utilizing the trapping function of basil inflorescences; wherein each hole is more than or equal to 2g of systemic insecticide granules for apolygus lucorum;
the systemic insecticide granules for lygus lucorum are sulfoxaflor granules; the basil seed is clove basil.
2. The method for efficiently trapping lygus lucorum in a tea garden as claimed in claim 1, wherein the systemic insecticide granule for lygus lucorum is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 20% of systemic insecticide, 3-5% of white carbon black, 5-10% of light calcium carbonate, 1-3% of polyvinyl alcohol, 1% of anhydrous sodium sulfate and the balance of sodium bentonite.
3. The method for efficiently trapping lygus lucorum in a tea garden as claimed in claim 1, wherein the basil seeds are treated with a bactericide in advance, specifically, the basil seeds are coated with 25 g/L fludioxonil suspension seed coating agent, the treatment dosage is 100 mg/100 g seed, and the seed is dried.
4. The method for efficiently trapping lygus lucorum in a tea garden as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein the basil seeds and the systemic insecticide granules for the lygus lucorum are prepared into a cultivation tank or a cultivation box, so that the tea garden is convenient to plant.
5. A cultivation pot of the method for efficiently trapping lygus lucorum in the tea garden as claimed in claim 4, wherein the cultivation pot is formed by filling a growth substrate, bactericide-treated basil seeds and systemic insecticide granules for lygus lucorum in a packaging pot, sealing the mouth of the pot with aluminum foil paper and then carrying out vacuum plastic packaging;
the packaging tank of the cultivation tank is formed by pressing straws;
the growth substrate consists of the following components in parts by weight:
5-6 parts of turf, 2-3 parts of perlite and 1-2 parts of flower fertilizer controlled-release fertilizer particles, wherein the water content is less than or equal to 5%;
the basil seed is any one of Ocimum gratissimum, Ocimum vulgaris, Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum basilicum, sweet Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum sanctum and Ocimum basilicum;
the systemic insecticide granules for the lygus lucorum are at least one of sulfoxaflor granules, nitenpyram granules and dinotefuran granules.
6. The cultivating can as claimed in claim 5, wherein the packaging can is a bottomed cylindrical cultivating packaging can containing 85% straw component; specification: the height is 18cm, and the diameter of the bottom is 12 cm; the bottom and the tank wall are provided with water seepage holes.
7. A method of filling a pot according to claim 5 or 6, comprising the steps of:
600-800 g of growth substrate is filled in a straw packaging can, 0.2g of basil seeds treated by bactericide and more than or equal to 2g of systemic insecticidal granules are placed at a position 2cm away from the can opening, and the can opening is sealed by aluminum foil paper and then is vacuum-packaged.
8. The method for filling a cultivation pot as claimed in claim 7, wherein the systemic insecticide granules are filled in an amount of 8g or more.
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