CN112514577A - Method for improving tailing sandy soil by using waste rocks and microbial agent - Google Patents
Method for improving tailing sandy soil by using waste rocks and microbial agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN112514577A CN112514577A CN202011427839.5A CN202011427839A CN112514577A CN 112514577 A CN112514577 A CN 112514577A CN 202011427839 A CN202011427839 A CN 202011427839A CN 112514577 A CN112514577 A CN 112514577A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving tailing sand by using waste rocks and a microbial agent, which comprises the following steps: (1) adding 10-30 wt% of waste stones with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 cm into tailing sandy soil with the depth of 25-40 cm, turning, uniformly mixing, and covering with 1.0-3.0 cm of additional soil; (2) applying 0.1 to 0.5kg/m210-15 g/m of organic fertilizer215-20 g/m of binder containing xanthan gum or polyacrylamide2The content concentration is as follows: 1X 107～9×107CFU/mL and according to the volume ratio: 6-8: 2-4 of mixed liquid of escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa. The invention aims at solving the problem that a large amount of waste tailings and waste rocks generated in mining are difficult to utilize, and simultaneously solves the problems of small particle size and easy loss of the iron tailings. The used modifying agent is a green pollution-free material, has low price, can realize the soil utilization of the tailings, and can eliminate secondary pollution possibly generated in the tailing utilization process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of improvement of iron tailings, and particularly relates to a method for improving tailing sand by using waste rocks and a microbial agent.
Background
Mining is an important basic industry of national economy in our country. According to statistics, more than 95% of primary energy, more than 80% of industrial raw materials and more than 70% of agricultural production data in China all come from mining industry. Due to the development and utilization of mineral resources, the original environmental landscape is seriously damaged, and a series of ecological environmental problems are caused. According to statistics, 50 hundred million tons of tailings sand are generated in iron ore development in China, about 5 hundred million tons of tailings emission are increased every year, about 4 million hectares of land are damaged every year due to mining activities, and the vegetation reconstruction rate of the damaged land is only 13.3%. Therefore, how to realize the coordinated development of the steel industry and the ecological environment and gradually solve the social, economic and ecological environmental problems caused by mining becomes one of the key problems which are preferentially concerned by the sustainable development policy of energy and resources in China.
In recent years, researches on ecological restoration of tailings sandy soil at home and abroad mainly focus on plant community succession characteristics, researches on land utilization modes and soil environment conditions, researches on mutual influence of vegetation restoration and soil quality, improvement of heavy metals and resistant plants on mining area soil, landscape ecology, combination of new technology and mining area ecological environment restoration and the like.
The method for improving the tailing sandy soil is mainly used for mine ecological restoration, and comprises vegetation restoration, mining area reclamation, tailing utilization technologies, and application technologies of various additives, microbial agents, adhesives, water retention agents and the like in the tailing sandy soil improvement, wherein the application technologies comprise the following reports:
CN201911344547.2 provides a soda saline-alkali soil improver containing microorganisms and an improving method. The soda saline-alkali soil modifier consists of azospirillum brasilense, iron tailings and organic fertilizer, wherein the proportion of the three components is 1800-2000 mL: 4000 g-4500 g: 1200-1500 g of Azospirillum brasilense bacterial liquid with the concentration of 1-9 multiplied by 107CFU/mL. Through the compound application of the azospirillum brasilense and the iron tailings, the salinity of the soil can be further reduced, the pH value of the soil is balanced, the growth of crops is promoted, and the long-acting improvement of the saline-alkali soil is realized.
CN201810064692.4 discloses a resource utilization method of iron tailings, which comprises the steps of surveying, measuring, selecting a working area, arranging the plot of the working area, cleaning soil of the plot, stripping the surface soil of the working area, uniformly mixing the stripped soil with crushed and sieved iron tailings, a soil conditioner and dry human and animal excreta after composting according to the volume ratio of 4:2:1:1 to prepare tailings soil, and backfilling the tailings soil to the original stripping area; interplanting different plants in the tailing soil, interplanting wheat and spinach after autumn harvest, and interplanting corn and amaranth after summer harvest; when the wheat or the corn is mature, the plants on the farmland are all harvested, and the tailing soil is transformed into the cultivated soil by harvesting the plants, so that the problems of treatment of crop straws and treatment of iron tailings are partially solved.
CN106358639A discloses a method for greening slope protection by plant growing bags, the matrix material of the patent is peat soil 50%, vegetable garden soil 30%, organic matter 10%, farmyard manure 7%, water-retaining agent 3%, mixed plant seeds are packed in bags and fixed on the slope. The patent is not limited by slope surfaces, and can meet the requirements of quick protection and quick greening. However, the cost is relatively high, and the planting process is complex.
At present, although a plurality of methods for improving iron tailings at home and abroad are available, the ecological restoration of mines at home and abroad is still in the stages of vegetation restoration and mining area reclamation, the tailing utilization technology is single, and the effective utilization of waste rocks in mining areas cannot be realized. The tailing sandy soil has small particle size, so that the porosity among the ore sandy soil is small, and even a small amount of water is added, the air permeability is obviously weakened, and the tailing sandy soil is not beneficial to the planting and growth of crops. There is a need to improve the physical structure of iron tailings, such as bonding small particle tailings sands to increase the particle size of the tailings, or adding improved materials to increase the permeability of the tailings.
In order to solve the problems of fine particle size and easy loss in the utilization process of tailing sandy soil, the inventor explores a method for improving tailing sandy soil by mixing the tailing sandy soil and waste rocks in a mining area and adding a microbial agent and a binder simultaneously to increase the air permeability of the tailing sandy soil and improve the sandy soil environment, and finally finds a method for improving the tailing sandy soil by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving tailing sandy soil by using waste rocks and a microbial agent.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method for improving the tailings sandy soil by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) adding 10-30 wt% of waste stones with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 cm into tailing sandy soil with the depth of 25-40 cm, turning, uniformly mixing, and covering with 1.0-3.0 cm of additional soil;
(2) applying 0.1 to 0.5kg/m210-15 g/m of organic fertilizer215-20 g/m of binder2Turning over 15-20 cm after the microbial agent is added;
wherein the binder is one or a mixture of xanthan gum and polyacrylamide; the microbial agent is respectively activated, propagated and diluted into effective bacteria with the number concentration as follows: 1X 107～9×107CFU/mL and according to the volume ratio: 6-8: 2-4 of a mixed liquid of the preservation number of Escherichia coli CGMCC No.1.1437 and the preservation number of Pseudomonas aeruginosa CGMCC No. 1.868.
The method for improving the sandy soil of the tailings by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent is characterized in that the waste rocks and the microbial agent are ploughed for 15-20 cm, herbaceous plants are planted, and the planting density is 15-30 plants/m2And performing field management.
According to the inventionThe method for improving the tailing sand soil by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent is characterized in that the planting herbaceous plant is black nightshade, and the planting density is 20-25 plants/m2。
The method for improving the tailing sand by using the waste rock and the microbial agent is characterized in that the waste rock is added into the tailing sand with the depth of 35-40 cm according to the weight percentage of 15-25%.
The method for improving the tailings sandy soil by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent is characterized in that the microbial agent is 1 x 107～9×107And (3) mixing the bacterial liquids with the CFU/mL escherichia coli preservation number of CGMCC No.1.1437 and the Pseudomonas aeruginosa preservation number of CGMCC No.1.868 according to the volume ratio of 6-7: 3-4.
The method for improving the tailing sand soil by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent is characterized in that the adhesive is xanthan gum and polyacrylamide according to the weight ratio: 6-7: 3-4.
The method for improving the tailing sandy soil by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent is characterized in that the alien soil is farmland planting soil and covers 2.0-3.0 cm; the organic fertilizer is chicken manure, and the application amount is as follows: 0.25 to 0.4kg/m2。
The method for improving the tailings sand by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent is characterized in that the microbial agent is a method for respectively activating, propagating and diluting escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa and comprises the following steps:
(1) adopting an activation culture medium at 28-30 ℃ and 180-230 r.min-1Culturing for 1-3 days on a shaking table, and respectively activating the two strains of escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa;
(2) oscillating the activated strains on a propagation culture medium on a shaking table at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ and the speed of 180-220 r.min < -1 > for 20-28 hours, and performing propagation respectively;
(3) diluting the activated and propagated strains with sterile water to 1 × 10 respectively7～9×107CFU/mL bacterial liquid is obtained;
wherein the components of the activation culture medium are as follows: peptone: 3.0-5.0 g/L, yeast extract powder: 1.0-2.0 g/L, 10-20.0 g/L glucose, 1.0-2.0 g/L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5-2.5 g/L magnesium sulfate, and pH 6.4 +/-0.2; the propagation culture medium comprises the following components: 3.0-6.0 g/L of potato soaking powder, 10-20.0 g/L of glucose and 10-20.0 g/L of agar, wherein the pH value is 5.6 +/-0.2.
The method for improving the tailing sand by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent has the following additive effects:
the main additive of the invention is the waste rock which is obtained from tailing ore of fine crushed products of a separation plant after magnetic separation by a magnetic pulley through screening. The invention prepares novel soil by compounding the waste rock, the iron tailing sandy soil and the natural soil, can increase the air permeability of a compound system and improve the performance of the iron tailing sandy soil.
The other additive is the xanthan gum and the polyacrylamide, which are common binders in the chemical field at present, such as the xanthan gum or the polyacrylamide applied to an atmospheric dust suppressant and the soil binder, wherein the xanthan gum is an environment-friendly binder, has low cost and high viscosity, cannot pollute the environment, is easy to degrade, has low cost and good thickening effect, and can be used together with the xanthan gum to generate a synergistic effect of copolymerization. The invention applies the two to the loose and large-fluidity small-particle-size tailing sand soil to enhance the polymerization force of the small-particle-size tailing sand soil.
The invention also discloses a microbial agent which is composed of escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa, wherein the escherichia coli can ferment saccharides, produce gas and acid, and not only can help to adjust the pH value of soil, but also can improve the air permeability of the soil; the pseudomonas aeruginosa serving as a degrading bacterium can degrade organic matters such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like in soil and can generate a surfactant rhamnodinium; the fertilizer is simple to produce, convenient to apply and long in action duration, can improve the biomass and survivability of plants, and can improve the physical and chemical properties of soil.
The method for improving the tailing sandy soil is a technical method for effectively improving the soil, which is characterized in that the plants are planted, the plants can adjust microclimate, reduce the evaporation of soil moisture and improve the water content of the soil, and the porosity of the soil is increased due to the interpenetration of plant roots to the soil.
The method for improving the tailing sand by using the waste rock and the microbial agent has the characteristics that:
(1) the invention carries out soil utilization on the iron tailing sandy soil and the waste rock, solves the problems of low porosity and easy loss of the tailing sandy soil, and changes the iron tailing sandy soil and the waste rock into valuable.
(2) The greening application of the waste rocks and the iron tailing sandy soil in a cooperative and large-scale mode is realized, the atmospheric raise dust and soil pollution around a mining area are improved, and risks such as tailing reservoir dam collapse and ecological landslide are avoided.
(3) The small-particle-size tailing sand is polymerized by using the binder, so that the problems that the tailing sand is high in mobility and easy to run off along with water, wind, surface subsidence and the like are solved.
(4) The invention adopts the microbial agent, the waste stone, the binder and the organic fertilizer to improve the physicochemical property of the tailings sand soil, improves the biomass and the survivability of the planted plants, and has simple method and convenient use.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with the aim of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages thereof more apparent, and it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The test site is a flat open space located on the southeast side of the large solitary mountain tailing pond. The terrain is high, the illumination is sufficient, the terrain is flat, and the device has no other use in recent years, is suitable for a tailing pond to carry out a simulated ecological restoration test, and has the following performance index numerical conditions in a tailing sand background area:
| index (I) | Detection value |
| Volume weight (g/cm)3) | 1.57 |
| Total porosity (%) | 44.68 |
| Water content (%) | 11.88 |
| pH value | 8.75 |
| Organic matter content (g/kg) | 1.15 |
| Cu(mg/kg) | 12.5 |
| Mn(mg/kg) | 1070 |
| Cd(mg/kg) | 0.69 |
The method for respectively activating, expanding propagation and diluting the Escherichia coli preservation number CGMCC No.1.1437 and the Pseudomonas aeruginosa preservation number CGMCC No.1.868 in the embodiment and the comparative example comprises the following steps:
(1) adopting an activation culture medium at 30 ℃ and 180 r.min-1Culturing for 2 days on a shaking table, and respectively activating strains to be used;
(2) inoculating the activated test strains into sterilized Erlenmeyer flasks containing culture medium at 28 deg.C for propagation at 220r min-1Oscillating on a shaker for 24 hours; (ii) a
(3) With sterile waterDiluting the bacterial liquid to 5 × 106～9.5×107CFU/mL, using a blood counting plate counting method to obtain the final product;
wherein the components of the activation culture medium are as follows: 5.0g/L of peptone, 2.0g/L of yeast extract powder, 20.0g/L of glucose, 1.0g/L of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 0.5g/L of magnesium sulfate, wherein the pH value is 6.5; preparing a propagation culture medium: the components of the culture medium are as follows: 6.0g/L of potato extract powder, 20.0g/L of glucose and 20.0g/L of agar, wherein the pH value is 5.6.
Example 1
A method for improving tailing sand by using waste rocks and a microbial agent comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(1) adding 20 wt% of waste rocks with the particle size of 0.5-1.0 cm into 35 cm-deep tailing sandy soil, turning and uniformly mixing, and covering 2.5cm of foreign soil;
(2) 0.29kg/m2Chicken manure, 15g/m2The xanthan gum and the polyacrylamide are as follows according to the weight ratio: 6:4 binder, 20g/m2Microbial agent (concentration 5X 10)7Mixing the bacterial solutions with the preservation number of CFU/mL escherichia coli CGMCC No.1.1437 and the preservation number of pseudomonas aeruginosa CGMCC No.1.868 according to the volume ratio of 6: 4), and then ploughing by 20 cm; to increase the porosity of the soil, and curing for one week for later use.
The numerical conditions of the performance indexes of the tailings sandy soil after one week of curing are as follows:
| index (I) | Detection value |
| Volume weight (g/cm)3) | 1.2～1.5 |
| Total porosity (%) | 50％～65％ |
| Water content (%) | 15％～20％ |
| pH value | 6～8 |
| Organic matter content (g/kg) | 5～15 |
The performance index value of the tailings sandy soil is as follows: the volume weight, the total porosity, the water content, the pH value and the organic matter content reach the range suitable for planting the plant soil.
(II) planting plants:
(1) and seed selection: selecting full and complete seeds of the solanum nigrum to be planted, and soaking the seeds in water for 4 hours before sowing.
(2) And planting: after the soil is balanced, the soaked plant seeds are applied to the soil and periodically watered.
(III) daily maintenance:
(1) timely watering and irrigating, determining the watering amount and the watering frequency according to the season, the size and the dryness and the wetness of soil, and achieving proper time and amount, wherein each time of watering is enough to water thoroughly, and the number of times of a new plant is not less than 4 per month.
(2) And (4) fertilizing after the plants are planted and survive.
(3) And (4) strengthening the body resistance, supporting columns, and performing regular inspection to replant the deficient black nightshade plants caused by wind, rain and other factors according to the same specification.
(4) And pest control, namely applying insecticide and bactericide regularly.
Example 2
A method for improving tailing sand by using waste rocks and a microbial agent comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(1) adding waste rocks with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 cm into the tailing sand soil according to the weight percentage of 15%, and covering the tailings sand soil with the particle size of 2.7 cm;
(2) 0.28kg/m of the solution2Chicken manure, 15g/m2The xanthan gum and the polyacrylamide are as follows according to the weight ratio: 7:3 binder, 20g/m2Microbial agent (concentration 3X 10)7Mixing the bacterial solutions with the preservation number of CFU/mL escherichia coli CGMCC No.1.1437 and the preservation number of pseudomonas aeruginosa CGMCC No.1.868 according to the volume ratio of 6: 4), and then ploughing by 20 cm; to increase the porosity of the soil, and curing for one week for later use.
The other methods and procedures were the same as in example 1.
Example 3
A method for improving tailing sand by using waste rocks and a microbial agent comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(1) adding waste rocks with the particle size of 0.5-1.0 cm into the tailing sand according to the weight percentage of 25%;
(2) 0.28kg/m of the solution2Chicken manure, 15g/m2The xanthan gum and the polyacrylamide are as follows according to the weight ratio: 7:3 binder, 20g/m2Microbial agent (concentration 7X 10)7Mixing the bacterial solutions with the preservation number of CFU/mL escherichia coli CGMCC No.1.1437 and the preservation number of pseudomonas aeruginosa CGMCC No.1.868 according to the volume ratio of 6: 4), and then ploughing by 20 cm; to increase the porosity of the soil, and curing for one week for later use.
The other methods and procedures were the same as in example 1.
Example 4
A method for improving tailing sand by using waste rocks and a microbial agent comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(1) adding waste rocks with the particle size of 0.5-1.0 cm into the tailing sand soil according to the weight percentage of 20%, and covering with foreign soil with the particle size of 2.8 cm;
(2) 0.29kg/m2Chicken manure, 10g/m2The xanthan gum and the polyacrylamide are as follows according to the weight ratio: 7:3 binder, 15g/m2Microbial agent (concentration 4X 10)7The preservation number of the CFU/mL escherichia coli is CGMCCThe bacterial liquid with the preservation number of No.1.1437 and the preservation number of the pseudomonas aeruginosa of CGMCC No.1.868 is mixed according to the volume ratio of 7: 3), and then the mixture is ploughed by 20 cm; to increase the porosity of the soil, and curing for one week for later use.
The other methods and procedures were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
A method for improving tailings sandy soil comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(1) no waste stone is added into the tailing sand;
the other methods and procedures were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
A method for improving tailings sandy soil comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(2)、20g/m2the microbial inoculum has a concentration of 5 × 107CFU/mL pseudomonas aeruginosa with the preservation number of CGMCC No. 1.868;
the other methods and procedures were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
A method for improving tailings sandy soil comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(2) applying 15g/m2A binder of polyacrylamide;
the other methods and procedures were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
A method for improving tailings sandy soil comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(1) adding waste rocks with the particle size of 0.5-1.0 cm into tailing sand according to the weight percentage of 5%;
the other methods and procedures were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5
A method for improving tailings sandy soil comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(1) adding waste rocks with the particle size of 0.5-1.0 cm into tailing sand according to 35% by weight;
the other methods and procedures were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 6
A method for improving tailings sandy soil comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(12) applying 20g/m2Microbial agent (concentration 5X 10)7The bacterial liquid of the preservation number of CFU/mL escherichia coli CGMCC No.1.1437 and the preservation number of the pseudomonas aeruginosa CGMCC No.1.868 are mixed according to the volume ratio of 8: 2)
The other methods and procedures were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 7
A method for improving tailings sandy soil comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(2) applying 20g/m2Microbial agent (concentration 5X 10)7The bacterial liquid of the preservation number of CFU/mL escherichia coli CGMCC No.1.1437 and the preservation number of the pseudomonas aeruginosa CGMCC No.1.868 are mixed according to the volume ratio of 9: 1)
The other methods and procedures were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 8
A method for improving tailings sandy soil comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(2) applying 20g/m2Microbial agent (concentration 5X 10)6The bacterial liquid of the preservation number of CFU/mL escherichia coli CGMCC No.1.1437 and the preservation number of the pseudomonas aeruginosa CGMCC No.1.868 are mixed according to the volume ratio of 6: 4)
The other methods and procedures were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 9
A method for improving tailings sandy soil comprises the following steps:
mixing soil:
(1) applying 20g/m2Microbial agent (concentration 9.5X 10)7The bacterial liquid of the preservation number of CFU/mL escherichia coli CGMCC No.1.1437 and the preservation number of the pseudomonas aeruginosa CGMCC No.1.868 are mixed according to the volume ratio of 6: 4)
The other methods and procedures were the same as in example 1.
The results of measuring the physicochemical property indexes of the influence of the method for improving the tailing sandy soil in the embodiments 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 9 on the soil are shown in the following table 1, and the results of measuring the influence on the growth and development of the solanum nigrum are shown in the following table 2.
Table 1:
table 2:
for soil suitable for planting plants, when the pH value is controlled to be about 6-8, a plurality of economic crops can be planted; when the total porosity in the soil reaches 50% -65%, a pore state with good biological growth can be created; when the water content of the soil reaches 15% -20%, the soil is in a better state and is more suitable for plant growth; when the organic matters in the soil reach 5-15 g/kg, the soil fertility level is good, and the plant growth state is good.
The test data results of the examples 1-4 prove that: the physical and chemical properties of the soil are better, the pH is reduced, the porosity and the water content are in the range of soil suitable for planting plants, and the organic matter content is higher; meanwhile, the stress resistance of the plant is improved, and the growth condition of the plant is better; the test data results of comparative examples 1-9 prove that: the soil has poor physicochemical property, poor nutrients, poor stress resistance of plants, and also poor plant height, emergence rate and plant growth vigor.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that the tailing sandy soil is poor in improvement effect due to the fact that no waste rock is added, a single binder is applied and a single microbial agent is applied; in the embodiment, the waste rocks are mixed in the tailing sand soil, and the soil properties improved by two binders and two microbial inoculums containing escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa are applied simultaneously, so that the effect is better, and the synergistic effect is generated between the two binders and the two microbial inoculums.
Comparative examples 4 and 5 show that the waste rock is added into the tailing sand soil in an optimal range according to the weight ratio of 15-25 percent; when the addition amount of the waste rocks is too low, the tailings have small particle size and large density, the air permeability of the system is poor, and the soil texture is sticky, so that the rooting of plants is not facilitated; when the content of the waste rocks is too high, the particle size of the waste rocks is large, so that more water can be lost, and the plants are not easy to root.
Comparative examples 6, 7 it can be seen that the optimum ratio of E.coli to P.aeruginosa application is: 6-7: 3-4, and when the application ratio of the two exceeds the range, the soil improvement effect is poor; this is probably due to the property of the inoculum which results in a synergistic antagonistic effect when mixed in different proportions.
Comparative examples 8 and 9 it can be seen that the microbial inoculum concentration in comparative example 8 is 5X 106CFU/mL, too low a level, less effective, whereas comparative example 9, in which the microbial inoculum concentration was 9.5X 107CFU/mL, the content is higher, and microorganisms can compete with plants for nutrients, so that the growth of the plants is limited. According to various indexes, although the soil conditioner has an improvement effect on soil physicochemical properties and plant growth, the cost is increased along with excessive addition of microorganisms. The investment is not in direct proportion to the return, and the economic feasibility is low.
In addition, the method provided by the embodiment of the invention has an obvious effect within three months, and can effectively shorten the treatment period of the tailings sand.
Claims (8)
1. A method for improving tailing sand by using waste rocks and a microbial agent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding 10-30 wt% of waste stones with the particle size of 0.5-1.5 cm into tailing sandy soil with the depth of 25-40 cm, turning, uniformly mixing, and covering with 1.0-3.0 cm of additional soil;
(2) applying 0.1 to 0.5kg/m2Organic fertilizer、10～15g/m215-20 g/m of binder2A microbial agent;
wherein the binder is one or a mixture of xanthan gum and polyacrylamide; the microbial agent is respectively activated, propagated and diluted into effective bacteria with the number concentration as follows: 1X 107～9×107CFU/mL and according to the volume ratio: 6-8: 2-4 of a mixed liquid of the preservation number of Escherichia coli CGMCC No.1.1437 and the preservation number of Pseudomonas aeruginosa CGMCC No. 1.868.
2. The method for improving the sandy soil of the tailings by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waste rocks are ploughed for 15-20 cm, herbaceous plants are planted, and the planting density is 15-30 plants/m2And performing field management.
3. The method for improving the sandy soil of the tailings by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent as claimed in claim 2, wherein the planting herbaceous plant is black nightshade, and the planting density is 20-25 plants/m2。
4. The method for improving the tailing sand by using the waste rock and the microbial agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the waste rock is added into the tailing sand with the depth of 35-40 cm according to the weight percentage of 15-25%.
5. The method for improving tailing sand by using waste rocks and the microbial agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial agent is 1 x 107～9×107And (3) mixing the bacterial liquids with the CFU/mL escherichia coli preservation number of CGMCC No.1.1437 and the Pseudomonas aeruginosa preservation number of CGMCC No.1.868 according to the volume ratio of 6-7: 3-4.
6. The method for improving the sandy soil of the tailings by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the binder is xanthan gum and polyacrylamide according to the weight ratio: 6-7: 3-4.
7. The method for improving the sandy soil of the tailings by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent according to claim 1, wherein the alien soil is farmland planting soil with a coverage of 2.0-3.0 cm; the organic fertilizer is chicken manure, and the application amount is as follows: 0.25 to 0.4kg/m2。
8. The method for improving the sand and the tailings by using the waste rocks and the microbial agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microbial agent is a method for respectively activating, propagating and diluting the escherichia coli and the pseudomonas aeruginosa, and comprises the following steps:
(1) culturing an activation culture medium on a shaking table at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ and the speed of 180-230 r.min < -1 > for 1-3 days, and respectively activating the two strains of escherichia coli and pseudomonas aeruginosa;
(2) oscillating the activated strains on a propagation culture medium on a shaking table at the temperature of 28-30 ℃ and the speed of 180-220 r.min < -1 > for 20-28 hours, and performing propagation respectively;
(3) diluting the activated and propagated strains with sterile water to 1 × 10 respectively7～9×107CFU/mL bacterial liquid is obtained;
wherein the components of the activation culture medium are as follows: peptone: 3.0-5.0 g/L, yeast extract powder: 1.0-2.0 g/L, 10-20.0 g/L glucose, 1.0-2.0 g/L dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.5-2.5 g/L magnesium sulfate, and pH 6.4 +/-0.2; the propagation culture medium comprises the following components: 3.0-6.0 g/L of potato soaking powder, 10-20.0 g/L of glucose and 10-20.0 g/L of agar, wherein the pH value is 5.6 +/-0.2.
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| CN113667483A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-19 | 山东大学 | Application of casein-glucan graft adhesive to improvement of tailing sand soil |
| CN114644537A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-21 | 昆明理工大学 | Method for improving high-altitude barren soil by using agrocybe cylindracea fungus sticks |
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