CN112501912A - 一种耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112501912A
CN112501912A CN202011396137.5A CN202011396137A CN112501912A CN 112501912 A CN112501912 A CN 112501912A CN 202011396137 A CN202011396137 A CN 202011396137A CN 112501912 A CN112501912 A CN 112501912A
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parts
antibacterial
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陆昌茂
何永刚
周海龙
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Mianyang Jialian Printing & Dyeing Co ltd
Mianyang Jiaxi Printing & Dyeing Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物及其制备方法。发明中用包括抗菌剂和六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺的抗菌液对织物进行抗菌处理，抗菌剂和六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺与聚酰胺纤维进行结合，通过在织物表面的牢固结合，形成持久耐水洗、不迁移的抗菌层；同时也可阻碍菌蛋白质的合成，造成菌内核蛋白体的耗尽，从而导致菌类死亡，以及抑制细胞繁殖的功效，使得面料具有持久的抗菌效果；并可以改善织物的力学性能，使得到的织物具有耐洗的特性。

Description

一种耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于纺织面料技术领域，具体涉及一种耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物及其制备方法。
背景技术
近年来，由于战场和野外环境的恶劣，士兵在战火中，职业工人在生产和工作中不可避免的接触到多样细菌的情况，因此就要求士兵和职业工人所穿着的衣服、防弹背心以及所使用的背包等用品具有抗菌等其他防护性的功能。
发明内容
针对上述现有技术，本发明提供一种耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物及其制备方法，以实现面料抗菌且耐洗的目的。
为了达到上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：提供一种制备耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)依次对织物进行烧毛、练漂、丝光和定型处理，得坯料；
(2)依次对坯料进行染底、印花、烘焙发色和显色皂洗处理，得皂洗织物；
(3)将皂洗织物浸入处理液中，浸轧烘干，得初料；处理液包括以下质量份的组分：
PVA 2～4份，壳聚糖季铵盐3～5份，聚丙烯酸钠1～3份，乳酸钠2～4份和溶剂15～20份；
(4)将初料浸轧抗菌液，然后烘干得整理织物，浸轧过程中带液率为55～70％，烘干温度为130～140℃；抗菌液包括浓度为20～50g/L的抗菌剂和浓度为20～40g/L的六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺；
(5)预缩：对整理织物进行预缩处理，得成品。
在上述技术方案的基础上，本发明还可以做如下改进。
进一步，步骤(1)中的练漂处理包括以下步骤：将烧毛后的织物采用二浸二轧的方式浸轧练漂工作液，再于95～110℃下汽蒸55～70min，得练漂织物；浸轧练漂工作液过程中，车速为60～65米/min，带液率为80～90％；练漂工作液包括以下浓度的组分：氢氧化钠30～40g/L，双氧水10～15g/L，水玻璃8～12g/L，螯合剂4～8g/L和煮练剂3～6g/L。
进一步，螯合剂为聚磷酸钠、乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸(EDTMP)、氨基三亚甲基膦酸(ATMP)、多氨基多醚基四亚甲基膦酸(PAPEMP)、聚天门冬氨酸(PASP)、聚丙烯酸(PAA)、水解马来酸酐(HPMA)等。
进一步，步骤(1)中的丝光处理包括以下步骤：将练漂后的织物浸轧210～230g/L碱液，然后透风60s，于75～80℃下五冲五洗的方式汽蒸去碱，再用90～95℃的水冲洗，并控制织物布面pH值为7.0～8.5，得丝光织物。
进一步，步骤(1)中对织物进行定型处理时车速为85～95米/min，温度为200～215℃。
进一步，处理液包括以下质量份的组分：
PVA 3份，壳聚糖季铵盐4份，聚丙烯酸钠2份，乳酸钠3份和溶剂18份。
进一步，步骤(2)中的染底处理包括以下步骤：以40～50米/min的车速对坯料浸轧染底液，得染底织物，浸轧染底液过程中，带液率为50～70％；染底液包括以下质量份的组分：分散染料30～50份、还原染料10～20份、防背渗剂2～3份、防红外调节剂HW-01 3～8份、牢度增强剂2～7份和去离子水10～60份。
进一步，步骤(2)中的印花处理包括以下步骤：以40～50米/min的车速对染底后的织物刮印印花色浆，得印花织物；印花色浆包括以下质量份的组分：分散染料30～50份、还原染料10～20份、防红外调节剂HW-01 5～10份、牢度增强剂3～5份、海藻酸钠糊料2～3份和去离子水10～60份。
进一步，分散染料为分散黑P-G、分散翠兰S-BG、分散红S-2G和分散黄棕S-2R中的至少一种；还原染料为还原黑G、还原黑GM、还原蓝CLF、还原蓝BS-03、还原红FBB、还原红6B、还原黄RK、还原嫩黄5GF、还原棕RN、还原棕BR、还原艳绿FFB、还原橄榄绿B和还原灰NC中的至少一种。
进一步，步骤(2)中的烘焙发色处理包括以下步骤：将印花后的织物在车速40～50米/min，温度205～210℃下烘焙1～2min，即得。
进一步，步骤(2)中的显色皂洗处理包括以下步骤：先将烘焙发色后的织物浸轧还原液，于130～140℃汽蒸20s；再在氧化液中氧化30～40s；然后用皂洗液洗涤60～90s，得皂洗织物；还原液包括以下浓度的组分：氢氧化钠75～80g/L，连二亚硫酸钠100～110g/L和淀粉15～18g/L；氧化液为浓度为2.5～3g/L的双氧水；皂洗液包括以下浓度的组分：皂洗剂3～4g/L和氢氧化钠2～5g/L；皂洗在95～98℃的温度下进行。
进一步，菌液中抗菌剂的浓度为35g/L，六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺的浓度为30g/L。
进一步，抗菌剂为阴离子抗菌剂。
采用本发明中的方法可以得到一种抗菌织物，该织物经过多次水洗后仍能保持较高的抗菌率，抗菌性能和耐洗性能均较好。
本发明的有益效果是：
1.本发明在对织物进行抗菌处理前，用处理液对其进行了处理。处理液包括多种组分。其中，PVA可以在纱线表面挂上一层浆料薄膜，在后续进行处理时，不会出现毛羽散头现象，也不容易断头。壳聚糖季铵盐是一种强阳离子性聚合物，其分子中的季铵根离子能与细菌表面带有负电荷的蛋白质、肽聚糖、磷壁酸及脂多糖等发生絮凝作用，从而破坏细胞质膜，扰乱细菌的正常生理活动，抑制和破坏细菌内部的各项生理机能，或吸附带有负电荷的细菌，干扰细胞壁的合成，使细胞壁溶解而死亡，进而达到抗菌的目的。聚丙烯酸钠一方面可以作为增稠剂，使配制的处理液容易搅拌和涂浆，处理液可以更加均匀的在丝线表面分布；另一方面，聚丙烯酸钠附着到丝线上后，在后续染底和印花处理过程中，可以防止染料迁移，染底和印花效果更好。乳酸钠作为表面活性剂，可以改善织物表面以及溶液的表面张力，织物在处理液中的浸润效果更好。
2.本发明中用包括抗菌剂和六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺的抗菌液对织物进行抗菌处理，抗菌剂和六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺与聚酰胺纤维进行结合，通过在织物表面的牢固结合，形成持久耐水洗、不迁移的抗菌层；同时也可阻碍菌蛋白质的合成，造成菌内核蛋白体的耗尽，从而导致菌类死亡，以及抑制细胞繁殖的功效，使得面料具有持久的抗菌效果。
3.通过本发明中的制备方法制得的织物具有抗菌、消炎、防臭、防霉、止痒、收敛等作用，并且多次洗涤后，仍能保持良好的抗拒性能。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。
实施例1
一种耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物，本实施例中的耐洗抗菌织物经过以下步骤制得：
(1)烧毛：织物选用规格为N50/C50 20*16/120*60*63的迷彩；去除选用织物表面的茸毛，得到烧毛织物；
(2)练漂：将烧毛后的织物采用二浸二轧的方式浸轧练漂工作液，再于100℃下汽蒸60min，得练漂织物；浸轧练漂工作液过程中，车速60米/min，带液率85％；练漂工作液的配方为：氢氧化钠35g/L，双氧水15g/L，水玻璃10g/L，三聚磷酸钠5g/L和煮练剂OD 5g/L；
(3)丝光：将练漂织物浸轧浓度为220g/L的碱液，透风60s，于80℃下五冲五洗的方式汽蒸去碱，再用90℃的水冲洗，至织物布面pH值为7.0左右，得丝光织物；
(4)定型：将丝光织物在210℃下进行定型处理，定型车速为90米/min，然后打卷使其无压皱痕迹，得到定型织物；
(5)染底：以45米/min的车速对定型织物浸轧染底液，得染底织物，浸轧染底液过程中，带液率为60％；染底液包括以下质量份的组分：分散黑P-G 40份、还原黑G15份和去离子水50份；
(6)印花：以45米/min的车速对染底后的织物浸刮印花色浆，得印花织物；印花色浆包括以下质量份的组分：分散黑P-G 40份、还原黑G15份海藻酸钠糊料3份和去离子水50份；
(7)烘焙发色：以40米/min的车速将发色织物在205℃下烘焙2min，得发色织物；
(8)还原显色皂洗：先将发色织物置于还原液中，于135℃汽蒸20s在；再氧化液中氧化40s；再用皂洗液于98℃下洗涤80s，得皂洗织物；还原液包括以下浓度的组分：氢氧化钠80g/L，连二亚硫酸钠100g/L和淀粉18g/L；氧化液为浓度为3g/L的双氧水；皂洗液包括以下浓度的组分：皂洗剂4g/L和氢氧化钠2g/L；
(9)预处理：将皂洗织物浸入处理液中，浸轧烘干，得初料；处理液包括以下质量份的组分：
PVA 3份，壳聚糖季铵盐4份，聚丙烯酸钠2份，乳酸钠3份和去离子水18份；
(10)抗菌整理：将初料浸轧抗菌液，然后烘干得整理织物，浸轧带液率为60％，烘干温度为135℃；在本实施例中，抗菌液的抗菌成分如表1所示；
(11)预缩：对整理织物进行预缩处理，得到成品。
对选用不同种类及浓度的抗菌液所制备得到的抗菌织物的洗前抗菌效果进行了测定，测定结果如表1所示。
表1不同抗菌剂对抗菌效果的影响
Figure BDA0002815045900000061
从表1可以看出，选择洗前阴离子抗菌剂抗菌效果最好，且35g/L用量最佳。
实施例2
一种耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物，本实施例中的耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物的制备方法同实施例1，只是在对织物进行抗菌整理时，所用抗菌液的抗菌成分包括阴离子抗菌剂和六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺，并且抗菌液中阴离子抗菌剂的浓度为35g/L，六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺的浓度如表2所示。
对选用不同种类及浓度的抗菌液所制备得到的抗菌织物的洗前和洗后抗菌效果进行了测定，测定结果如表2所示。
表2：不同六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺对抗菌效果的影响
Figure BDA0002815045900000062
从表2可以看出，选择阴离子抗菌剂和六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺A抗菌效果和耐洗抗菌效果好，且六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺A浓度在30g/L时耐洗抗菌效果为最佳。
实施例3
一种耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物，本实施例中的耐洗抗菌织物经过以下步骤制得：
(1)烧毛：织物选用规格为N50/C50 20*16/120*60*63的迷彩；去除选用织物表面的茸毛，得到烧毛织物；
(2)练漂：将烧毛后的织物采用二浸二轧的方式浸轧练漂工作液，再于110℃下汽蒸55min，得练漂织物；浸轧练漂工作液过程中，车速65米/min，带液率80％；练漂工作液的配方为：氢氧化钠30g/L，双氧水15g/L，水玻璃8g/L，乙二胺四亚甲基膦酸8g/L和煮练剂OD3g/L；
(3)丝光：将练漂织物浸轧浓度为210g/L的碱液，透风60s，于75℃下五冲五洗的方式汽蒸去碱，再用90℃的水冲洗，至织物布面pH值为8.0左右，得丝光织物；
(4)定型：将丝光织物在200℃下进行定型处理，定型车速为85米/min，然后打卷使其无压皱痕迹，得到定型织物；
(5)染底：以50米/min的车速对定型织物浸轧染底液，得染底织物，浸轧染底液过程中，带液率为50％；染底液包括以下质量份的组分：分散黑P-G 50份、还原黑G10份和去离子水60份；
(6)印花：以50米/min的车速对染底后的织物刮印印花色浆，得印花织物；印花色浆包括以下质量份的组分：分散黑P-G 50份、还原黑G10份海藻酸钠糊料3份和去离子水60份；
(7)烘焙发色：以50米/min的车速将发色织物在210℃下烘焙1min，得发色织物；
(8)还原显色皂洗：先将发色织物置于还原液中，于140℃汽蒸20s在；再氧化液中氧化30s；再用皂洗液于95℃下洗涤90s，得皂洗织物；还原液包括以下浓度的组分：氢氧化钠75g/L，连二亚硫酸钠110g/L和淀粉15g/L；氧化液为浓度为3g/L的双氧水；皂洗液包括以下浓度的组分：皂洗剂3g/L和氢氧化钠4g/L；皂洗在95℃的温度下进行；
(9)预处理：将皂洗织物浸入处理液中，浸轧烘干，得初料；处理液包括以下质量份的组分：
PVA 2份，壳聚糖季铵盐5份，聚丙烯酸钠1份，乳酸钠2份和去离子水20份；
(10)抗菌整理：将初料浸轧抗菌液，然后烘干得整理织物，浸轧过程中带液率为60％，烘干温度为135℃；抗菌液包括浓度为35g/L的阴离子抗菌剂和浓度为30g/L的六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺；
(11)预缩：对整理织物进行预缩处理，得到成品。
实施例4
一种耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物，本实施例中的耐洗抗菌织物经过以下步骤制得：
(1)烧毛：织物选用规格为N50/C50 20*16/120*60*63的迷彩；去除选用织物表面的茸毛，得到烧毛织物；
(2)练漂：将烧毛后的织物采用二浸二轧的方式浸轧练漂工作液，再于110℃下汽蒸55min，得练漂织物；浸轧练漂工作液过程中，车速60米/min，带液率90％；练漂工作液的配方为：氢氧化钠40g/L，双氧水10g/L，水玻璃12g/L，聚丙烯酸4g/L和煮练剂OD 6g/L；
(3)丝光：将练漂织物浸轧浓度为230g/L的碱液，透风60s，于75℃下五冲五洗的方式汽蒸去碱，再用95℃的水冲洗，至织物布面pH值为8.5左右，得丝光织物；
(4)定型：将丝光织物在215℃下进行定型处理，定型车速为95米/min，然后打卷使其无压皱痕迹，得到定型织物；
(5)染底：以40米/min的车速对定型织物浸轧染底液，得染底织物，浸轧染底液过程中，带液率为70％；染底液包括以下质量份的组分：分散黑P-G 30份、还原黑G 20份和去离子水50份；
(6)印花：以40米/min的车速对染底后的织物刮印印花色浆，得印花织物；印花色浆包括以下质量份的组分：分散黑P-G 30份、还原黑G 20份海藻酸钠糊料2份和去离子水50份；
(7)烘焙发色：以40米/min的车速将发色织物在205℃下烘焙2min，得发色织物；
(8)还原显色皂洗：先将发色织物置于还原液中，于140℃汽蒸20s在；再氧化液中氧化30s；再用皂洗液于98℃下洗涤60s，得皂洗织物；还原液包括以下浓度的组分：氢氧化钠80g/L，连二亚硫酸钠100g/L和淀粉18g/L；氧化液为浓度为2.5g/L的双氧水；皂洗液包括以下浓度的组分：皂洗剂4g/L和氢氧化钠2g/L；皂洗在98℃的温度下进行；
(9)预处理：将皂洗织物浸入处理液中，浸轧烘干，得初料；处理液包括以下质量份的组分：
PVA 4份，壳聚糖季铵盐3份，聚丙烯酸钠3份，乳酸钠2份和去离子水15份；
(10)抗菌整理：将初料浸轧抗菌液，然后烘干得整理织物，浸轧过程中带液率为55％，烘干温度为130℃；抗菌液包括浓度为35g/L的阴离子抗菌剂和浓度为30g/L的六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺；
(11)预缩：对整理织物进行预缩处理，得到成品。
结果分析
对上述各实施例制得的抗菌织物的洗前以及洗后的强度进行检测，结果列于表3。
表3抗菌织物洗前及洗后强度
Figure BDA0002815045900000101
从表中可以看出，采用本发明中的方法(实施例3和4)制备得到的抗菌织物，具有优异的强度、耐磨性能和吸湿透气能力，并具有良好的抗菌效果；而且在经过20次水洗后，仍然能够保持较高的抗菌率和强度，表明得到的织物具有良好的耐洗效果。
虽然结合实施例对本发明的具体实施方式进行了详细地描述，但不应理解为对本专利的保护范围的限定。在权利要求书所描述的范围内，本领域技术人员不经创造性劳动即可作出的各种修改和变形仍属本专利的保护范围。

Claims (10)

1.一种制备耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)依次对织物进行烧毛、练漂、丝光和定型处理，得坯料；
(2)依次对坯料进行染底、印花、烘焙发色和显色皂洗处理，得皂洗织物；
(3)将皂洗织物浸入处理液中，浸轧烘干，得初料；所述处理液包括以下质量份的组分：
PVA 2～4份，壳聚糖季铵盐3～5份，聚丙烯酸钠1～3份，乳酸钠2～4份和溶剂15～20份；
(4)将初料浸轧抗菌液，然后烘干得整理织物，浸轧过程中带液率为55～70％，烘干温度为130～140℃；所述抗菌液包括浓度为20～50g/L的抗菌剂和浓度为20～40g/L的六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺；
(5)预缩：对整理织物进行预缩处理，得成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物的方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中的练漂处理包括以下步骤：将烧毛后的织物采用二浸二轧的方式浸轧练漂工作液，再于95～110℃下汽蒸55～70min，得练漂织物；浸轧练漂工作液过程中，车速为60～65米/min，带液率为80～90％；所述练漂工作液包括以下浓度的组分：氢氧化钠30～40g/L，双氧水10～15g/L，水玻璃8～12g/L，螯合剂4～8g/L和煮练剂3～6g/L。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物的方法，其特征在于，所述处理液包括以下质量份的组分：
PVA 3份，壳聚糖季铵盐4份，聚丙烯酸钠2份，乳酸钠3份和溶剂18份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物的方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中的染底处理包括以下步骤：以40～50米/min的车速对坯料浸轧染底液，得染底织物，浸轧染底液过程中，带液率为50～70％；所述染底液包括以下质量份的组分：分散染料30～50份、还原染料10～20份和去离子水10～60份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物的方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中的印花处理包括以下步骤：以40～50米/min的车速对染底后的织物刮印印花色浆，得印花织物；所述印花色浆包括以下质量份的组分：分散染料30～50份、还原染料10～20份、海藻酸钠糊料2～3份和去离子水10～60份。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的制备耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物的方法，其特征在于：所述分散染料为分散黑P-G、分散翠兰S-BG、分散红S-2G和分散黄棕S-2R中的至少一种；所述还原染料为还原黑G、还原黑GM、还原蓝CLF、还原蓝BS-03、还原红FBB、还原红6B、还原黄RK、还原嫩黄5GF、还原棕RN、还原棕BR、还原艳绿FFB、还原橄榄绿B和还原灰NC中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物的方法，其特征在于：步骤(2)中的显色皂洗处理包括以下步骤：先将烘焙发色后的织物浸轧还原液，于130～140℃汽蒸20s；再在氧化液中氧化30～40s；然后用皂洗液洗涤60～90s，得皂洗织物；所述还原液包括以下浓度的组分：氢氧化钠75～80g/L，连二亚硫酸钠100～110g/L和淀粉15～18g/L；所述氧化液为浓度为2.5～3g/L的双氧水；所述皂洗液包括以下浓度的组分：皂洗剂3～4g/L和氢氧化钠2～5g/L；皂洗在95～98℃的温度下进行。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物的方法，其特征在于：所述抗菌液中抗菌剂的浓度为35g/L，六羟甲基甲醚化三聚氰胺的浓度为30g/L。
9.根据权利要求1或8所述的制备耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物的方法，其特征在于：所述抗菌剂为阴离子抗菌剂。
10.采用权利要求1～9任一项所述的制备耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物的方法制备得到的耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物。
CN202011396137.5A 2020-12-03 2020-12-03 一种耐洗棉尼龙抗菌织物及其制备方法 Pending CN112501912A (zh)

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