CN112472714B - 一种含硝酸盐的组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种含硝酸盐的组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112472714B CN112472714B CN202011412724.9A CN202011412724A CN112472714B CN 112472714 B CN112472714 B CN 112472714B CN 202011412724 A CN202011412724 A CN 202011412724A CN 112472714 B CN112472714 B CN 112472714B
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种含硝酸盐的组合物及其应用,属于骨质疏松防治技术领域;所述组合物包括以下原料:硝酸盐、维生素和精氨酸。本发明的组合物能够显著缓解机体的骨密度、骨体积分数、骨小梁厚度和骨小梁数目的下降,显著恢复机体丢失的骨量。本发明的组合物能够应用于预防和/或治疗骨代谢疾病,对干细胞异常及免疫异常等疾病的治疗也具有借鉴意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及骨质疏松防治技术领域,尤其涉及一种含硝酸盐的组合物及其应用。
背景技术
骨质疏松症是老年人,尤其是绝经妇女最常见的一种退行性骨代谢性疾病,以全身性骨量减少、骨组织显微结构退变、骨强度降低、骨脆性增加、易骨折和全身疼痛为主要病变特点。目前,临床上治疗骨质疏松的药物可分为抗骨吸收药物、促进骨形成药物和促进骨矿化药物等,其中最常用的是雌激素替代疗法(estrogen replacement therapy,ERT),其疗效已经得到充分肯定,然而长期使用雌激素有增加子宫内膜癌、乳腺癌和心血管疾病的风险。
目前,尚未有研究或专利报道硝酸盐饮食在预防和治疗骨质疏松方面的应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种含硝酸盐的组合物及其应用,所述组合物能够用于预防和/或治疗骨质疏松。
为了实现上述发明目的,本发明提供以下技术方案:
本发明提供了一种含硝酸盐的组合物,包括以下原料:硝酸盐、维生素和精氨酸;所述硝酸盐、维生素和精氨酸的物质的量的比例为(1~10):(1~10):(1~10)。
优选的,所述维生素和精氨酸总的物质的量和硝酸盐的物质的量的比例为(2:1)~(1:2)。
优选的,所述硝酸盐选自硝酸钠、硝酸钾和硝酸钙中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述维生素选自维生素A、维生素B12、维生素D、维生素E和维生素C中的一种或几种。
本发明还提供了上述方案所述组合物在制备治疗和/或预防骨代谢疾病的药物中的应用。
本发明还提供了上述方案所述组合物在制备调节机体免疫的药物中的应用。
本发明还提供了上述方案所述组合物在制备治疗骨髓间充质干细胞异常相关疾病的药物中的应用。
优选的,所述药物的剂型选自片剂、胶囊、丸剂、糖浆、口服液或颗粒剂。
优选的,所述药物的用量以药物中硝酸盐的用量为准;所述硝酸盐每天的用量为0.1~0.3mmol/kg。
本发明提供了一种含硝酸盐的组合物,包括以下原料:硝酸盐、维生素和精氨酸。本发明中,硝酸盐能够提高机体的免疫调节能力,有助于机体调节骨代谢,改善骨髓间充质干细胞(BMMSC)的生物学行为,增强BMMSC的成骨分化能力;维生素作为抗氧化基团,能够抑制相关酶对其他组分的氧化,此外,维生素能够辅助硝酸盐和氨基酸形成纳米颗粒,辅助硝酸盐快速被机体吸收和利用;精氨酸在体内通过氧化途径,经一氧化氮合成酶催化生成具有生物活性的一氧化氮,对免疫细胞及其细胞表达的免疫因子都有积极影响,以促进免疫功能上调。一氧化氮(NO)是由诱导型一氧化氮合成酶(iNOS)催化L-精氨酸生成,它可调节多种免疫活性介质的合成,可促进免疫细胞因子IL-1和IL-2的分泌,例如:IL-1主要是由活化的单核/巨噬细胞分泌的多功能细胞因子,在免疫反应过程中,能刺激T淋巴细胞分泌IL-2并表达其受体,协同IL-2促进淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞(LAK)的产生;IL-2主要由辅助T细胞CD+4细胞产生,可促进T细胞的生长与增殖,是保障机体正常免疫功能的关键环节。刺激机体的细胞免疫功能,进而影响机体的免疫功能。
并且一氧化氮还能通过刺激骨形成和抑制骨吸收而保护骨组织。本发明的组合物能够显著缓解机体的骨密度、骨体积分数、骨小梁厚度和骨小梁数目的下降,显著恢复机体丢失的骨量。本发明的组合物能够应用于预防和/或治疗骨代谢疾病。本发明的组合物能够缓解机体调节性T淋巴细胞(Treg)的下降,还能够缓解去势大鼠TGF-β1、IFN-γ的下调及IL-17的上调。本发明的组合物能够显著降低机体BMMSC的增殖能力以及显著增强去势大鼠BMMSC的成骨分化能力。本发明的组合物对干细胞异常及免疫异常等疾病的治疗也具有借鉴意义。
附图说明
图1为骨质疏松大鼠模型实验评价方案;
图2为各组MicroCT定量分析骨密度(BMD)测定结果;
图3为各组MicroCT定量分析骨体积分数(BV/TV)测定结果;
图4为各组MicroCT定量分析骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)测定结果;
图5为各组MicroCT定量分析骨小梁数目(Tb.N)测定结果;
图6为各组大鼠胫骨重量的测定结果;
图7为各组大鼠体重的测定结果;
图8为各组大鼠血液中硝酸盐的含量的测定结果;
图9为去势大鼠调节性T淋巴细胞(Treg)流式分析结果;
图10为各组大鼠血液中TGF-β1的含量;
图11为各组大鼠血液中IFN-γ的含量;
图12为各组大鼠血液中IL-17的含量;
图13为各组大鼠BMMSC的增殖能力的CCK8检测结果;
图14为各组大鼠BMSSC的成骨茜素红染色的定量检测结果。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了一种含硝酸盐的组合物,包括以下原料:硝酸盐、维生素和精氨酸;所述硝酸盐、维生素和精氨酸的物质的量的比例为(1~10):(1~10):(1~10)。
在本发明中,所述硝酸盐、维生素和精氨酸的物质的量的比例优选为(1~6):(1~6):(1~6),进一步优选为(2~5):(2~5):(2~5)。
在本发明中,所述硝酸盐、维生素和精氨酸优选为经100目过筛处理的筛下组分。
在本发明中,所述硝酸盐优选的选自硝酸钠、硝酸钾和硝酸钙中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,所述维生素优选的选自维生素A、维生素B12、维生素D、维生素E和维生素C中的一种或几种。
在本发明中,所述组合物优选的采用以下方法制备得到:将硝酸盐、维生素和精氨酸混合,得到组合物;本发明对所述混合的方法没有特殊限制,以混合均匀为准。
本发明还提供了上述方案所述组合物在制备治疗和/或预防骨代谢疾病的药物中的应用。在本发明中,所述骨代谢疾病优选的包括骨质疏松。
本发明还提供了上述方案所述组合物在制备调节机体免疫的药物中的应用;所述组合物优选的通过缓解机体TGF-β1和IFN-γ的下调及IL-17的上调来调节机体免疫;和/或,所述组合物优选的通过缓解机体T淋巴细胞(Treg)的下降来调节机体免疫。
本发明还提供了上述方案所述组合物在制备治疗骨髓间充质干细胞异常相关疾病的药物中的应用。
在本发明中,所述药物优选的还包括药学上可接受的赋形剂;所述药物的剂型选自片剂、胶囊、丸剂、糖浆、口服液或颗粒剂。
在本发明中,当所述药物的剂型为片剂时,所述药物包括以下重量份的原料:硝酸盐80~90份、精氨酸17~174份、维生素C18~176份、乳糖8~12份、羟丙基甲基纤维素18~22份、乙基纤维素8~12份和硬脂酸镁190~515份。在本发明中,所述羟丙基甲基纤维素优选为经100目过筛处理后的筛下组分;所述乳糖和乙基纤维素优选的经过80目过筛处理后的筛下组分。
在本发明中,所述药物的用量以药物中硝酸盐的用量为准;所述硝酸盐每天的用量优选为0.1~0.3mmol/kg,进一步优选为0.2mmol/kg。
下面将结合本发明中的实施例,对本发明中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例中的维生素C购自于sigma-aldrich公司;所述维生素C的纯度>99%;
实施例1
原料参见表1:
表1本发明组合物的原料
分别按照上述比例称取相应量的硝酸钠、维生素C和精氨酸,将硝酸钠、维生素C和精氨酸分别进行溶解,0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤除菌,混合后的溶液分装于无菌的西林瓶中,密封,-20~-60℃下冷冻2~12h,用冷冻干燥机冻干:设定-20~20℃下一次升华4~20h,20~40℃二次升华1~24h,取出,即得到组合物。
实施例2
原料参见表2。
表2本发明组合物9~14的原料
分别按照上述比例称取相应量的硝酸钠、维生素B12和精氨酸,将硝酸钠、维生素B12和精氨酸分别进行溶解,0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤除菌,混合后的溶液分装于无菌的西林瓶中,密封,-20~-60℃下冷冻2~12h,用冷冻干燥机冻干:设定-20~20℃下一次升华4~20h,20~40℃二次升华1~24h,取出,即得到组合物。
实施例3
原料参见表3。
表3本发明组合物9~14的原料
分别按照上述比例称取相应量的硝酸钾、维生素C和精氨酸,将硝酸钾、维生素C和精氨酸分别进行溶解,0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤除菌,混合后的溶液分装于无菌的西林瓶中,密封,-20~-60℃下冷冻2~12h,用冷冻干燥机冻干:设定-20~20℃下一次升华4~20h,20~40℃二次升华1~24h,取出,即得到组合物。
实施例4
片剂的组成:
(HPMC HT-K80000S)
乙基纤维素 0.010g
硬脂酸镁 0.0515~0.190g
质量百分含量为1%聚乙烯吡咯烷酮乙醇溶液5mL。
制备方法:
按处方量称取各种组分,将维生素C、精氨酸、硝酸钠以及(HPMC HT-K80000S)过100目筛,乳糖和乙基纤维素过80目筛,混合均匀。用质量百分含量为1%聚乙烯吡咯烷酮乙醇溶液制成软材,接着用20目筛制粒,于60℃干燥2h,并加入硬脂酸镁混匀,过20目筛整粒,压片,抛光,包装,即得片剂。本品每片约含维生素C1.8~176mg,硝酸盐8.5mg,精氨酸0.0017~0.174mg,每片重约为450mg。
实施例5
采用的试剂如下:
组合1:硝酸钠、维生素C和精氨酸的物质的量比例为6:1:1;
组合2:硝酸钠、维生素C和精氨酸的物质的量比例为2:1:1;
组合3:硝酸钠、维生素C和精氨酸的物质的量比例为1:1:1;
组合4:硝酸钠、维生素C和精氨酸的物质的量比例为1:2:2;
组合5:硝酸钠、维生素C和精氨酸的物质的量比例为1:6:6;
对照组:硝酸钠。
将C57BL6小鼠(雄性,30±5g)(总共70只,每组10只)按50mg/kg的剂量腹腔注射戊巴比妥生理盐水溶液进行麻醉。麻醉后将组合1~5以及对照组的试剂分别按照试剂中硝酸钠的灌喂量为0.2mmol/kg灌胃1次,分别在0h,灌胃后2、4、6、12h尾静脉取血备用。
具体硝酸盐检测实验方法(采用总一氧化氮和硝酸盐/亚硝酸盐测定试剂盒,PKGE001,R&D Systems,USA):
准备工作:
1)将血液样本置于4℃2h,14000rpm离心10min,吸取血清;
2)将获得的血清过滤,稀释10倍;
3)配制1×反应液:使用蒸馏水/去离子水将10×反应液稀释为1×反应液;
4)配制硝酸盐还原酶:用1.0mL硝酸还原酶储存液重组硝酸还原酶,用力涡旋,在25℃下静置15min,涡旋后在25℃下再静置15min,再次涡旋并立即使用。
用反应稀释剂(1×)稀释硝酸还原酶,制备浓度为母液1/5的硝酸盐还原酶,步骤如下:
a.硝酸还原酶(x孔+2)×5μL;
b.反应稀释剂(1×)=步骤a×4倍的体积;
c.将步骤a和b中的体积添加到干净的试管中,涡流;
d.置于冰上,15min内使用。
5)NADH试剂-用5.0mL去离子水或蒸馏水重组NADH,使用前静置3min并温和的搅拌,15min内使用或放置在冰上。
6)硝酸盐标准品的制备:
用移液管将900μL反应稀释剂(1×)移入200μmol/L管中,再依次配制100μmol/L、50μmol/L、25μmol/L、12.5μmol/L、6.25μmol/L和3.12μmol/L的硝酸盐标准品。反应稀释剂(1×)为空白(0μmol/L)。
硝酸盐含量检测步骤:
1)按照前述准备工作的步骤准备所有试剂、标准品和样品等;
2)在空白组的孔中加入50μL的反应稀释剂(1×);
3)将50μL硝酸盐标准品或样品添加到剩余的孔中;
4)向所有孔中添加25μLNADH;
5)向所有孔中添加25μL稀释硝酸还原酶,混合均匀,用胶带覆盖;
6)在37℃下孵育30min;
7)将50μL Griess I反应液添加到所有孔中;
8)将50μL Griess II反应液添加到所有孔中,轻轻拍打板的侧面,搅拌均匀;
9)在25℃下孵育10min;
10)在540nm波长下测定光学密度(O.D.),波长校正690nm;
11)根据标准品测量值生成标准曲线,并计算获得每组样本中硝酸盐含量,参见下表4。
表4不同样本中硝酸盐含量测定结果
注:上述各组数值为各组小鼠血液中硝酸盐含量的平均值。
从表4可以看出,在对小鼠灌胃给药单独的硝酸钠(对照组)和本发明的组合物(组合1~组合5)之后,在2h时,与给药单独的硝酸盐相比,给药组合4和5的小鼠血液中硝酸盐的含量已经产生了显著提高,尤其是给药组合5的复合物的小鼠血液中硝酸盐含量为给药单独硝酸盐的小鼠血液中硝酸盐含量的1.9倍以上;在长达6h~12h时,给药组合4和5的小鼠血液中硝酸盐的含量仍然显著高于给药单独的硝酸盐的小鼠血液中硝酸盐的含量。
硝酸盐能反映内源性一氧化氮的产生,而一氧化氮是一种短效自由基和多功能信号分子,涉及到多种生理过程,骨细胞对多种刺激会产生反应而产生一氧化氮,通过一氧化氮刺激骨形成同时抑制骨吸收而保护骨组织。可见,本发明的组合物能够通过维持和提高小鼠血液中一氧化氮含量来保护骨组织。
实施例6
骨质疏松模型选择选择12周龄雌性SD大鼠,摘除双侧卵巢。实验分为7组:Sham组(假手术组)、OVX组(去势组)、硝酸钠NaNO3组(0.5mmol/kg)、维生素C(0.25mmol/kg)、精氨酸(0.25mmol/kg)、维生素C+精氨酸(均为0.25mmol/kg)和组合2(Nitrater 3)的片剂组(以硝酸钠计算,0.2mmol/kg,每片片剂粉碎成粉末并混悬于0.5mL去离子水中),每组9只。硝酸盐和其他各给药组在去势第二天灌胃给药,连续给药12周后处死动物。实验流程示意图参加图1。
1、完整分离大鼠胫骨,剔除所有附着的肌肉和结缔组织,用生理盐水浸泡的湿纱布包裹,-20℃密封保存。应用Micro-CT对胫骨上部进行扫描,扫描层厚为9μm,使用其所附带的软件对骨密度及骨小梁结构进行定量分析。
硝酸盐复合物缓解去势大鼠骨量丢失情况参见图2~图5,其中图2为各组MicroCT定量分析骨密度(BMD)测定结果,图3为各组MicroCT定量分析骨体积分数(BV/TV)测定结果,图4为各组MicroCT定量分析骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)测定结果,图5为各组MicroCT定量分析骨小梁数目(Tb.N)测定结果。由图2~图5的内容可以看出,OVX组显著降低了骨密度(BMD)、骨体积分数(BV/TV)、骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)、骨小梁数目(Tb.N),而Nitrater 3组能够部分恢复以上指标(*P<0.05)。
各组大鼠胫骨重量的测定结果参见图6,由图6可以看出,组合2(Nitrater 3组)可缓解去势大鼠胫骨重量的下降。
各组大鼠体重的测定结果参见图7,由图7可以看出,组合2(Nitrater3组)对去势大鼠体重的增加没有明显影响(*P<0.05)。
对各组大鼠血液中的硝酸盐的含量进行测定,结果参见图8,由图8可以看出,组合2(Nitrater 3组)显著增加大鼠血液中硝酸盐的含量。
2、免疫指标的检测
(1)大鼠外周血调节T细胞比率检测
1)各组大鼠腹主动脉取血,离心取上清备用;
2)100μL 0.1%BSA重悬,加入Anti-CD4,Anti-CD25,冰上孵育30min,避光;
3)1500rpm离心10min,去上清,0.1%BSA重悬;
4)加入破膜液,4℃,10min;
5)1500rpm离心10min,去上清,0.1%BSA重悬;
6)加入Anti-Foxp3,冰上孵育30min,避光;
7)离心,去上清,500μL 0.1%BSA重悬;
8)流式细胞仪检测。
检测结果参见图9。组合2(Nitrater 3组)可缓解去势大鼠调节性T淋巴细胞(Treg)的下降。
(2)TGF-β1、IFN-γ及IL-17的检测
1)将血清稀释10倍,取0.1mL置入试剂盒96孔板中,同时取试剂盒内标准品按比例稀释后置入96孔板中,按说明书要求25℃下/37℃孵育30min/h,使用洗液洗涤3次,每次3min;
2)加入酶标抗体100μL,25℃下/37℃孵育15min/30min,洗涤3次,每次3min;
3)加底物液100μL显色,25℃下/37℃孵育15min;
4)加100μL终止液终止反应5min;
5)酶标仪450nm下读数。
检测结果参见图10~图12,其中图10为各组大鼠血液中TGF-β1的含量,图11为各组大鼠血液中IFN-γ的含量,图12为各组大鼠血液中IL-17的含量。由图10~图12可以看出,组合2(Nitrater 3组)可缓解去势大鼠TGF-β1、IFN-γ的下调及IL-17的上调。
3、干细胞的增殖及成骨分化
(1)大鼠BMMSC的培养
脱颈致死后剥去后肢的皮肤,暴露股骨和胫骨后用1mL注射器吸取α-MEM完全培养基(含牛血清10%)从断端冲出骨髓,待细胞克隆生长至80%融合可传代,传代培养至第三代。
(2)CCK8法
在96孔板中接种100μL细胞悬液,将培养板在培养箱预培养24h(在37℃,5%CO2的条件下),随后将培养板在培养箱孵育72h,每孔换新的培养基100μL,并向每孔加入10μLCCK-8溶液。2h后用酶标仪测定在450nm处的吸光度。检测结果参见图13。由图13可以看出,组合2(Nitrater 3组)可显著降低去势大鼠BMMSC的增殖能力。
(3)成骨诱导分化
配制成骨诱导培养液:含10%胎牛血清α-MEM培养基中加入2mmol/L谷氨酰胺,100U/mL青霉素和100μg/mL链霉素,10mMβ-甘油磷酸钠,10nM地塞米松,50mg/L维生素C。第3-4代细胞以2×103/cm2的浓度接种于6孔板中,等细胞生长至80%融合后,更换为成骨诱导培养液,每2天换液1次,光镜下观察钙结节形成情况。于诱导2周后,进行茜素红染色。
(4)茜素红染色
1)去培养基,PBS洗2次;
2)70%乙醇固定,4℃,1h;
3)双蒸水洗2次;
4)40mM茜素红溶液(pH 4.2)25℃染色1~10min,肉眼观察着色情况;
5)双蒸水洗5次,轻轻吹打;
6)镜下观察进行定量测定。测定结果参见图14。由图14可以看出,组合2(Nitrater3组)显著增强去势大鼠BMMSC的成骨分化能力。
统计学方法
采用SPSS 17.0统计学软件进行统计学分析,多组计量资料比较采用ANOVA分析,P<0.05有统计学意义。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (3)
1.含硝酸盐的组合物在制备预防和/或治疗骨质疏松的药物中的应用,所述组合物由硝酸钠、维生素C和精氨酸组成;所述硝酸钠、维生素C和精氨酸的物质的量比为2:1:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物的剂型选自片剂、胶囊、丸剂、糖浆、口服液或颗粒剂。
3.根据权利要求1所述的应用,其特征在于,所述药物的用量以药物中硝酸钠的用量为准;所述硝酸钠每天的用量为0.1~0.3mmol/kg。
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