CN112471514B - 一种促进运动后体能恢复的食品组合物 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种促进运动后体能恢复的食品组合物。其组成及各成分的重量含量分别为：葡萄糖200‑500份、水解乳清蛋白50‑250份、鸟氨酸10‑50份、氯化钠5‑20份、槲皮素5‑10份。本发明根据现有的运动代谢组学研究，运动损伤产生的机制等进行科学合理地设计配方，配方中的组分是基于目前研究表明其具有通过一种或多种途径促进运动后体能恢复的食源性功能成分，包括葡萄糖、水解乳清蛋白、鸟氨酸、氯化钠及槲皮素共5种功能成分，具有天然、安全、高效、无毒副作用及作用途径明确等特点。本发明的促进运动后体能恢复的食品配方短期服用后就有效果，在每次运动后即刻服用，就能降低小鼠血清中的肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶的水平，有效减轻运动损伤。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及保健食品领域，具体涉及一种促进运动后体能恢复的食品组合物。
背景技术
体能是人在具体运动实践过程中，为了更好地完成工作所表现出的身体能力。高强度的工作、急性高负荷或不习惯的运动会使机体能量物质储备降低甚至耗竭，机体形态结构破坏，系统器官机能受损，进而引起机体体能下降，影响人体的正常活动，威胁人体健康。当下，健身理念不断深入的普通人群以及高运动量的运动员、高工作强度的救援人员等人群，均面临着更大的运动损伤风险，对体能恢复的需求也更加迫切，因此通过研制食品配方促进人群运动后体能的恢复具有重要的意义。
当下促进运动后恢复的产品多聚焦于补充高比例的蛋白质，然而对于体能恢复来说，糖原的恢复、体液平衡的调节、氧化损伤的缓解等也非常重要。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种促进运动后体能恢复的食品组合物。
本发明所提供的促进运动后体能恢复的食品组合物，其组成及各成分的重量含量分别为：葡萄糖200-500份、水解乳清蛋白50-250份、鸟氨酸10-50份、氯化钠5-20 份、槲皮素5-10份。
具体地，所述促进运动后体能恢复的食品组合物，其组成及各成分的重量含量分别为：葡萄糖250份、水解乳清蛋白100份、鸟氨酸20份、氯化钠6份、槲皮素5 份。
葡萄糖，吸收快、供能迅速，在肠道吸收后葡萄糖主要被动地从内脏区域进入体循环，有助于肌肉糖原的合成。
水解乳清蛋白，相比未经过水解的乳清蛋白粉更容易被吸收，氨基酸组成合理，可以促进恢复过程中骨骼肌蛋白质的合成代谢。
鸟氨酸，有代谢组学研究表明运动后血浆和肌肉中的鸟氨酸含量降低。作为尿素循环的一部分鸟氨酸与尿素生成相关，补充鸟氨酸促进体内氨态氮代谢废物的排出。此外鸟氨酸可能通过在体内转化为瓜氨酸(一氧化氮的二级供体)增强氧气和营养输送至肌肉，从而促进运动的恢复。
氯化钠，汗液中主要的电解质。补充氯化钠可以有效改善因运动大量排汗造成的体液平衡失调，防止肌肉痉挛。
槲皮素，一种黄酮醇类化合物，具有多种生物活性，如抗氧化、抗肿瘤、调节血脂等。在促进体能恢复方面的作用途径主要体现在其可提高机体抗氧化能力，减轻过量自由基引起的炎症损伤，减少蛋白质或氨基酸消耗，增加脂肪动员，改善能量代谢。
以上功能成分相互之间的促进运动后体能恢复的作用途径有交叉也有各自的特点，它们的组合更有利于促进机体运动后体能的恢复，作用途径明确且安全高效。
上述促进运动后体能恢复的食品组合物通过将各组成按照规定的质量份数混合得到。
上述促进运动后体能恢复的食品组合物可以单独制成粉剂、片剂、胶囊等形式，也可以添加于食品中，如饼干、米稀、饮料等。
上述食品组合物在促进运动后体能恢复中的应用或在促进运动后体能恢复产品制备中的应用也属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明还提供一种促进运动后体能恢复的方法。
本发明所提供的促进运动后体能恢复的方法，为：在每次力竭运动后即刻服用上述食品组合物。
每日服用1次，每次1850-2100mg/kg bw。
实验证明，本发明的促进运动后体能恢复配方短期补充能具有降低血清中肌酸激酶及乳酸脱氢酶水平，减轻运动损伤的潜在作用，相较于补充等能量的麦芽糊精溶液，补充配方组血清中肌酸激酶水平降低百分比为18.4％(P＝0.014)，血清中乳酸脱氢酶水平降低百分比为17.3％(P<0.001)，实验结果见图1和图2。
本发明根据现有的运动代谢组学研究，运动损伤产生的机制等进行科学合理地设计配方，配方中的组分是基于目前研究表明其具有通过一种或多种途径促进运动后体能恢复的食源性功能成分，包括葡萄糖、水解乳清蛋白、鸟氨酸、氯化钠及槲皮素共 5种功能成分，具有天然、安全、高效、无毒副作用及作用途径明确等特点。本发明的促进运动后体能恢复的食品配方短期服用后就有效果，在每次运动后即刻服用，就能降低小鼠血清中的肌酸激酶、乳酸脱氢酶的水平，有效减轻运动损伤。
本发明旨在提供一种原料来源广、价格亲民、适用性广泛的促进运动后体能恢复的食品配方。
附图说明
图1表明单次运动后即刻补充一次配方对小鼠运动至力竭跑步时间的影响。
图2表明单次运动后即刻补充一次配方对小鼠运动至力竭跑步距离的影响。
图3表明单次运动后即刻补充一次配方对小鼠血清中肌酸激酶的影响。
图4表明连续3天运动后即刻补充配方对小鼠血清中肌酸激酶的影响。
图5表明连续3天运动后即刻补充配方对小鼠血清中乳酸脱氢酶的影响。#p<0.05,###p<0.001,vs.Sedentary group；*p<0.05,***p<0.001,vs.Maltrodextrin group.
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明进行说明，但本发明并不局限于此。
下述实施例中所使用的实验方法如无特殊说明，均为常规方法；下述实施例中所用的试剂、生物材料等，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1
一种促进运动后体能恢复的食品营养配方。由以下组份组成：葡萄糖250份、水解乳清蛋白100份、鸟氨酸20份、氯化钠6份、槲皮素5份。
试验方法：雄性C57 BL/6N小鼠，20只，6-8周龄，所有小鼠随机分为麦芽糊精组(10只)、配方组(10只)。麦芽糊精组和配方组进行单次持续70min的下坡运动，运动后即刻配方组灌胃以1955mg/kg bw的配方复合物一次，麦芽糊精组灌胃以等能量的0.5％CMC-Na麦芽糊精水溶液一次。灌胃24h后，进行力竭运动测试，测定运动至力竭的时间计算至力竭的距离。
下坡运动模型：实验动物跑台。坡度-16°，初始速度10m/min，每5min加3m/min，直到16m/min，并保持16m/min的速度继续运动60min。
力竭运动测试模型：实验动物跑台。坡度+10°，初始速度10m/min，每15min加 2m/min至14m/min，然后加速至20m/min运动30min，随后加速至23m/min，之后每10min加3m/min直至力竭。力竭标准：小鼠在电极上停留1min，且用木棒轻轻刺激其尾部或腿部仍无法使其向前奔跑视为力竭。
实验结果(图1、图2)表明，该促进运动后体能恢复的食品配方单次补充具有延长小鼠运动耐力的潜在作用，运动时间延长百分比为4.85％(P＝0.106)，运动距离增加百分比为7.76％(P＝0.097)。
实施例2
一种促进运动后体能恢复的食品营养配方。由以下组份组成：葡萄糖250份、水解乳清蛋白100份、鸟氨酸20份、氯化钠6份、槲皮素5份。
试验方法：雄性C57 BL/6N小鼠，21只，6-8周龄，所有小鼠随机分为静息组(7 只)、麦芽糊精组(7只)、配方组(7只)。麦芽糊精组和配方组进行单次持续70min 的下坡运动，运动后即刻配方组灌胃以1955mg/kg bw的配方复合物一次，麦芽糊精组灌胃以等能量的0.5％CMC-Na麦芽糊精水溶液一次。相应时刻静息组每天灌胃0.5％ CMC-Na水溶液。灌胃24h后，处死小鼠取血。
运动模型：实验动物跑台。坡度-16°，初始速度10m/min，每5min加3m/min，直到16m/min，并保持16m/min的速度继续运动60min。
实验结果(图3)表明，该促进运动后体能恢复食品配方补充具有减轻下坡运动模型中小鼠的运动损伤的潜在作用，小鼠血清中的肌酸激酶水平相较于麦芽糊精组降低8.1％(P＝0.630)。
实施例3
一种促进运动后体能恢复的食品营养配方。由以下组份组成：葡萄糖250份、水解乳清蛋白100份、鸟氨酸20份、氯化钠6份、槲皮素5份。
试验方法：雄性C57 BL/6N小鼠，27只，6-8周龄，所有小鼠随机分为静息组(9 只)、麦芽糊精组(9只)、配方组(9只)。麦芽糊精组和配方组进行连续3天持续70 min的下坡运动，每次运动后即刻配方组灌胃以1955mg/kg bw的配方复合物，麦芽糊精组灌胃以等能量的0.5％CMC-Na麦芽糊精水溶液。相应时刻静息组每天灌胃0.5％ CMC-Na水溶液。最后一次灌胃24h后，处死小鼠取血。
运动模型：实验动物跑台。坡度-16°，初始速度10m/min，每5min加3m/min，直到16m/min，并保持16m/min的速度继续运动60min。
实验结果(图4)表明，该促进运动后体能恢复食品配方补充具有减轻下坡运动模型中小鼠的运动损伤的潜在作用，小鼠血清中的肌酸激酶水平相较于麦芽糊精组降低18.4％(P＝0.014)，并恢复到静息水平(P＝0.849)。
实验结果(图5)表明，该促进运动后体能恢复食品配方补充具有减轻下坡运动模型中小鼠的运动损伤的潜在作用，小鼠血清中的乳酸脱氢酶水平相较于麦芽糊精组降低17.3％(P<0.001)。
Claims (4)
1.食品组合物在促进运动后体能恢复中的应用或在制备促进运动后体能恢复产品中的应用；
所述食品组合物，其组成及各成分的重量含量分别为：葡萄糖250份、水解乳清蛋白100份、鸟氨酸20份、氯化钠6份、槲皮素5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的应用，其特征在于：所述食品组合物可单独制成粉剂、片剂、胶囊，也可以添加于食品中。
3.一种促进运动后体能恢复的方法，其特征在于：所述方法为在每次力竭运动后即刻服用食品组合物；
所述食品组合物，其组成及各成分的重量含量分别为：葡萄糖250份、水解乳清蛋白100份、鸟氨酸20份、氯化钠6份、槲皮素5份。
4.根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于：每日服用1次，每次1850-2100 mg/kg bw。
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