CN112471017A - Artificial breeding technology of fish tail wedge mussel - Google Patents
Artificial breeding technology of fish tail wedge mussel Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an artificial breeding technology of a fish tail wedge mussel, which comprises the following steps: parent mussel selection → parent mussel cultivation → strengthened cultivation of host fish → collection of leptium larvae → inspection of maturation rate of leptium larvae → parasitic infection → cultivation of young mussels. The method is beneficial to solving the problems of short supply and low reproduction rate of the fish-tail wedge mussels in the market and the problem of low artificial breeding rate of the fish-tail wedge mussels in nature, and simultaneously fills the gap of research on artificial breeding methods of the fish-tail wedge mussels. The artificial breeding technology is used for intervening in the breeding of the mussels, so that the breeding rate of the mussels can be greatly improved, and the problem that the mussels are endangered in natural water bodies is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of a breeding method of freshwater shellfish. In particular to an artificial breeding technology of the fish tail wedge mussel.
Background
Under the influence of water quality pollution, habitat damage, excessive fishing and the like, the mussel resources in inland waters of China show a trend of declining increasingly, and some rare mussels are even endangered to be extinct, so that the biological diversity protection and management of freshwater mussels of China are urgently needed to be enhanced. A set of stable and efficient breeding method for young fish-tail wedge mussels is established, and powerful technical support can be provided for artificial breeding protection and development of the mussels in China.
The fish tail wedge mussel belongs to the Anodonta, Unionidae, Hyriopsis, common name of ox horn or sheep horn, and is a species peculiar to China. It lives in ponds, ditches, rivers and lakes with mud and sand as bottom materials and is mainly distributed at the salt-fresh water junctions of rivers in open sea. In a natural water body, mature leptocylindrus hybridus larvae need to be parasitic on gills or fins to complete metamorphosis development, and most leptocylindrus hybridus larvae are not easy to die due to the fact that the larvae meet host fishes in time in the natural water body, so that research and development of an artificial breeding technology of the leptocylindrus hybridus have important significance for improving the breeding rate of the hyriopsis hybridus and protecting species resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve and innovate the artificial breeding technology of the fish-tail wedge mussel, intervene the breeding of the mussel by the artificial breeding technology and fill the gap of the research of the artificial breeding technology of the fish-tail wedge mussel.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problem of artificial breeding of the mussels is as follows: an artificial breeding technology of a fish tail wedge mussel, which comprises the following technical scheme: parent mussel selection → parent mussel cultivation → strengthened cultivation of host fish → collection of leptium larvae → inspection of maturation rate of leptium larvae → parasitic infection → cultivation of young mussels; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
parent mussel and cultivation: the optimal breeding period of the fish tail wedge mussel is 5-8 months per year. The parent mussel collection needs to be carried out 2 months ahead of time, the main sources of the parent mussels are a living body library of a breeding base and a natural water body, the collected parent mussels are temporarily cultured in a parent mussel culture pond for internal running water culture, the culture water is derived from internal circulating water, the water flow speed is controlled to be 1-2T/h, 20-30g of fertilizer paste is put in each mu every half month, and the nutrient mud is added every other week to ensure that the bottom of the pond has about 2cm of nutrient mud which is just as good as the parent mussels; the specification of the pool is as follows: the length is 2.5m, the width is 2.0m, the depth is 0.5m, and 200-300 parent mussels can be cultivated per square meter.
Culturing a host fish in an intensified manner: the method selects the silver carp as a host fish for breeding the hyriopsis cumingii. Selecting healthy and alive silver carps with the weight of 20-30g as host fishes, using hollowed meshes to surround a rectangle to breed the host fishes in a natural pond, wherein the specification is 5m multiplied by 2m multiplied by 1.5m, the pore diameter of the meshes is about 1-2 cm, 10-20kg of host fishes are preferably bred per square, and feeding a proper amount of fish feed every day.
Collecting leptomens: selecting high-quality parent mussels from a parent mussel culture pond, slightly opening shells by using a mouth gag for inspection, selecting the parent mussels with full and orange-red nursery sacs, cleaning the parent mussels, temporarily culturing the parent mussels in a large basin or a transparent storage box, replacing water (the water is aerated tap water) once a day before larvae are not discharged, feeding a proper amount of green algae to the parent mussels, and simultaneously oxygenating the parent mussels by using oxygenation equipment to avoid the phenomenon that the parent mussels are aborted or even dead due to oxygen deficiency; when the parent mussels begin to discharge the orange floccules, the parent mussels can be taken out and placed in another clean large basin, the basin is placed in a shade place for drying for 1-3h, aerated tap water is added after the shade is dried, the water level is preferably just over the parent mussels, and the young mussels are stimulated to spit for 1-2 h.
Checking the maturity rate of leptosphaeria larvae: after the parent mussels are dried in the shade and spit the larvae completely, sucking a small amount of the larvas of the leptocylindrus hyalopecuroides by using a rubber head dropper, placing the larvas of the leptocylindrus hyalopecuroides under a microscope to observe the maturity rate of the larvas of the leptocylindrus hyalopecuroides, wherein all or most of the larvas of the leptocylindrus hyalopecuroides in one visual field break membranes, the two shells are; then, the leptocystis larvae are cleaned by aerated tap water with natural water temperature and a filter screen with the aperture of 200 meshes, and the cleaned leptocystis larvae solution is used for parasitizing and breeding.
A parasitic infection stage: diluting the leptosphaeria larva solution to 2-5 thousands/liter, keeping the water temperature at about 22 ℃, and enabling the relationship between the infection time and the leptosphaeria larva concentration to be as shown in the table I; placing the hook larva solution in a parasitic basin, and placing a proper number of silver carps, wherein the infection time is controlled to be 2-8 min; in the infection period, a small oxygenation pump is used for increasing oxygen in the fry-producing basin, so that host fishes are prevented from suffocating even dying due to oxygen deficiency; after infection, the parasitic amount on the gills of the host fishes is recorded by a microscope, the parasitic amount is preferably 1000-1500 parasitic on the gills of each host fish, and 20-40kg of host fishes are needed for breeding 100 ten thousand young mussels;
cultivating the infected host fish: the infected host fish needs to be put into a running water breeding pond for breeding in time, and a plastic film is laid at the bottom of the breeding pond, so that the seedling falling condition of young mussels and the growth condition of the young mussels can be observed conveniently at a later stage; feeding green algae to the host fish every other day, observing whether young mussels on gills of the host fish completely fall off every day, and timely transferring the host fish to a fish pond after the young mussels completely fall off.
Culturing young mussels after seedling shedding: after the young mussels are taxed, stopping water for half an hour in the morning every one month before the early month to feed a proper amount of soybean milk, observing the growth conditions of the young mussels every 7 days, and measuring and recording the growth parameters of the young mussels; adding a proper amount of silt into the culture pond every 7 days in the later period, wherein the silt depth is preferably just full of the young mussels, and harmful organisms such as silt, moss or red line worms and the like in the culture pond are removed in time in the later period, so that the young mussels are prevented from being anoxic or being swallowed by other harmful organisms; the whole cultivation process adopts running water cultivation, keeps the water fresh and the dissolved oxygen sufficient, and provides a good growth environment for the young mussels.
Cultivating young mussels: after the fish tail wedge mussels grow in running water for 5-7 months in the culture pond, a hanging culture mode can be selected when the body length reaches 2-4 cm. The hanging tool selects a square basket made of bamboo, the specification is 100cm multiplied by 50cm, and a 0.5cm filter screen is paved inside the basket, so that the loss of the mussels can be prevented while the water body exchange is not influenced; spreading nutrient mud with the thickness of 1cm at the bottom of each basket, wherein the hanging culture depth is 50-60 cm, and 300 mussels and 500 mussels can be put into each basket;
the method is beneficial to solving the problems of short supply and low reproduction rate of the fish-tail wedge mussels in the market and the problem of low artificial breeding rate of the fish-tail wedge mussels in nature, and simultaneously fills the gap of research on artificial breeding methods of the fish-tail wedge mussels. The artificial breeding technology is used for intervening in the breeding of the mussels, so that the breeding rate of the mussels can be greatly improved, and the problem that the mussels are endangered in natural water bodies is solved.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a photograph of a microscope imaged mature hookworm larvae.
Fig. 2 is a structure diagram of a filter screen with 200-mesh aperture.
FIG. 3 is an imaging diagram of young mussels just taking off seedlings.
Figure 4 is a diagram of a circular mesh screen with an aperture 20.
FIG. 5 is an image of the young clam of 2-3 cm.
Detailed Description
The terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like in the specification indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1, an artificial breeding scheme of a fish tail wedge mussel, comprising the following steps:
selection and cultivation of parent mussels
Collecting parent mussels from natural water in 3-15 months in 2020, screening out the parent mussels with plump and orange childbearing sacs from the natural water and living body libraries of company breeding bases, and placing the parent mussels in a parent mussel culture pond for culture; 50 mature parent clams are screened out in 4 months and 10 days and used for breeding in the first batch, other adult clams are continuously put in a culture pond for internal running water culture, culture water is sourced from a natural reservoir of a breeding base, and the running water speed is controlled to be 1-2T/h; 20-30g of fertilizer-water paste/mu is put into the culture pond every other month, the nutrient mud is added every other week, wild mussels and weeds are removed, the bottom of the pond is ensured to have about 2cm of nutrient mud, which is just as good as the level of parent mussels, and the specification of the culture pond is as follows: the length is 2.5m, the width is 2.0m, the depth is 0.5m, and 1000-1500 parent clams are put in each culture pond for subsequent breeding.
Second, nutrient enrichment culture of host fish
According to the technology, healthy and alive silver carps with the weight of 20-30g are selected as host fishes, the host fishes are cultured in a natural pond in advance in a rectangular shape surrounded by hollowed meshes with the specification of 5m multiplied by 2m multiplied by 1.5m and the pore diameter of the meshes of about 1-2 cm by two weeks, and 50-80kg of host fishes are cultured in a reinforced mode.
During the reinforced cultivation period, the feed is mixed with bile acid and multivitamin immunopotentiator as liver and gallbladder protecting medicine, and the fed feed is mainly artificial mixed feed with protein content of 22-26% and fat content of 2-8%; 1kg of feed is mixed with 1-2g of immunopotentiator, 2 kg of artificial mixed feed is fed to each kg of silver carp, and the feed is stopped for 1 day before the silver carp is caught.
Collection and infection parasitism of leptomimus latiusculi
(1) Collection of Lepidium Hovenia larvae
Cleaning 50 selected parent mussels, then orderly placing the parent mussels in a large basin with the bottom diameter of 70cm and the depth of 30cm for water purification cultivation, preferably, the parent mussels are just fully filled with water, changing water and feeding green algae every day, and meanwhile, oxygenating by using an oxygenation pump; the method comprises the following steps of (1) discharging leptocylindrus from parent mussels when the parent mussels are cultivated for 2-3 days approximately, transferring the parent mussels to an empty large basin with the same specification for drying in the shade for 3 hours, adding aerated tap water, preferably just filling the parent mussels, almost emptying the brood sacs of the parent mussels after 2 hours, observing the maturity rate of leptocylindrus with a microscope, wherein the maturity rate is more than 90%, and then carrying out parasitization on the leptocylindrus, wherein the mature leptocylindrus is shown in figure 1.
(2) Parasitic infection
Firstly, removing the parent mussel from the large basin, putting the parent mussel back to a living body storehouse for continuous cultivation, then gently stirring the leptocylindrus solution by using a stirrer, filtering by using a filter screen with the aperture of 200 meshes to remove mucus in the leptocylindrus solution, repeatedly filtering for 2-3 times, averagely dividing the concentrated leptocylindrus solution into 10 parasitic basins, then adding water to dilute the solution to 1-2 thousands per liter, wherein the volume of the solution is about 50L; 200 healthy and alive silver carps of 20-30g are placed in each large pot and are parasitized for 3-4min, then host fishes are fished out and put into a soil pond with a plastic film laid at the bottom for breeding, the parasitization amount on gills of the silver carps counted by a microscope is about 1000, and the parasitization amount on the gills of each host fish is preferably 1000-1500, and a filter screen with the aperture of 200 meshes is shown in figure 2.
TABLE-relationship of infection time to Carrageenan larva concentration at 22 ℃
Cultivation of young mussels
(1) Construction of cultivation pond
The whole system comprises a water storage tank, a sedimentation tank and a cultivation tank, wherein the specification of the water storage tank is 50m multiplied by 10m multiplied by 2m, the specification of the cultivation tank is 5m multiplied by 2m multiplied by 0.5m, and the specification of the sedimentation tank is 100m multiplied by 20m multiplied by 2.5 m; the height relation of the pool is water storage pool, cultivating pool and sedimentation pool, and water in the sedimentation pool is pumped by a water pump and is filled into the water storage pool.
The cultivation pond is a small soil pond formed by fixing the side surface of a rectangular soil pit by red bricks, and a plastic film is paved on the surface of the small soil pond; the cultivation pool is built in a greenhouse with a sunshade net.
(2) Raising infected host fish
About 1500 host fishes used for parasitism are required, infected host fishes need to be transferred to breeding ponds in time for running water breeding, about 30 host fishes are fed into each breeding pond, a small amount of green algae are fed every day, and the physique of the host fishes is enhanced; according to the effective accumulated temperature of the metamorphosis development of the fish tail clam, the average water temperature is about 180 ℃, the juvenile clam seedling falling condition on the fish gill begins to be observed about 9 days after parasitization, the juvenile clam falling time is mastered timely, and the host fish is fished out in time. 50 host fishes die during the cultivation period, and about 80 thousands of young mussels with successful metamorphosis development are harvested together.
(3) Cultivation of young mussels
The fallen young mussels are cultured by flowing water, the flowing water speed is controlled to be 1-2T/h, the flowing water quantity is slow in the early stage and fast in the later stage, the water quality is kept fresh, and the dissolved oxygen is sufficient; stopping water for 15 minutes every morning in the previous month, feeding 20L of soybean milk for the young mussels, stopping feeding the soybean milk when the young mussels grow to 1-1.5cm, adding nutrient mud (mixed with a small amount of silt) every other week, removing red worms, weeds, silt and the like at the bottom of the pond by using a self-made circular net with the aperture of 20 meshes before adding the nutrient mud, slightly dragging a water body by using wooden rakes after stopping adding the nutrient mud, uniformly distributing the young mussels, and opening a water inlet valve when the nutrient mud sinks to the bottom of the pond, wherein the young mussels which are just young are shown in figure 3, and the circular net with the aperture of 20 meshes is shown in figure 4.
(4) Cultivation of young mussels
About 30 thousands of young mussels are taken out from about 80 thousands of young mussels and cultivated in a water surface hanging cultivation mode, and the rest 50 thousands of young mussels are continuously cultivated in a soil cultivation pool.
1) Hanging and maintaining mode: after the fish tail wedge mussels grow in running water for 5-7 months in the culture pond, the fish tail wedge mussels can enter the natural water surface to be hung and cultured when the body length reaches about 3 cm. The method for cultivating the young mussels adopts a square basket hanging cultivation mode, the specification of the basket is 5m multiplied by 3m multiplied by 0.5m, a layer of ethylene net sheet is laid inside the basket, and a layer of nutrient mud with the thickness of 2cm is laid at the bottom of the basket; two ends are pulled by ropes, the floater and the basket are hung, the depth is 20-30 cm, shallow water culture is carried out, and 2000 clam shells can be placed in each basket. In order to adjust the water quality, the quick lime is poured and sprayed once every 2 months, the dosage per mu is 20-30 kilograms, and the harm of pests in the water body to young mussels is reduced, and the young mussels of 2-3cm are cultivated according to a figure 5.
2) Cultivating in a soil pond: when the young mussels grow to 4-5 cm, the young mussels are cultivated in separate ponds in time. 200 young mussels are cultivated in each cultivating pond according to the cultivation of 200 young mussels per square meter. The fertilizer is applied regularly in the cultivation process, the fertilizer mainly comprises organic fertilizer, meanwhile, nutrient mud is added regularly, and the aquatic red worms are removed frequently, wild mussels and aquatic weeds are removed, so that enemy organisms are prevented from swallowing into the mussels, and the accelerated growth and development of the fish tail mussels are facilitated.
The above examples are only for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.
The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as or can be implemented using the prior art.
Claims (1)
1. An artificial breeding technology of fish tail wedge mussels is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: parent mussel selection → parent mussel cultivation → strengthened cultivation of host fish → collection of leptium larvae → inspection of maturation rate of leptium larvae → parasitic infection → cultivation of young mussels;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) parent mussel and cultivation: the optimal breeding period of the fish tail wedge mussels is 5-8 months per year, the collection of parent mussels needs to be carried out 2 months in advance, the main sources of the parent mussels are living body storehouses of breeding bases and natural water bodies, the collected parent mussels are temporarily cultured in a parent mussel culture pond for internal running water culture, the culture water is derived from internal circulating water, the water flow speed is controlled to be 1-2T/h, 20-30g of fertilizer paste is put in every half month every mu, nutrient mud is added every other week, the bottom of the pond is guaranteed to have about 2cm of nutrient mud, and the nutrient mud is suitable for overflowing the parent mussels; the specification of the pool is as follows: the length is 2.5m, the width is 2.0m, the depth is 0.5m, and 200 and 300 parent clams can be cultivated per square meter;
2) culturing a host fish in an intensified manner: selecting a yellow silver carp as a host fish for breeding the hyriopsis cumingii; selecting healthy and alive silver carps with the weight of 20-30g, using hollowed-out meshes to enclose rectangular host fishes in a natural pond, wherein the size of the rectangular host fishes is 5m multiplied by 2m multiplied by 1.5m, the aperture of each mesh is about 1-2 cm, 10-20kg of host fishes are preferably put in each square, and feeding a proper amount of fish feed every day;
3) collecting leptomens: selecting high-quality parent mussels from a parent mussel culture pond, slightly opening shells by using a mouth gag for inspection, selecting the parent mussels with full and orange-red nursery sacs, cleaning the parent mussels, temporarily culturing in a large basin or a transparent storage box, replacing water once a day before larvae are not discharged, feeding a proper amount of green algae to the parent mussels, and simultaneously oxygenating the parent mussels by using oxygenation equipment to avoid the phenomenon of abortion and even death of the parent mussels due to oxygen deficiency; when the parent mussels begin to discharge the orange floccules, the parent mussels can be taken out and placed in another clean large basin, the basin is placed in a shade place for drying for 1-3h, aerated tap water is added after the shade is dried, the water level is preferably just over the parent mussels, and the young mussels are stimulated to spit for 1-2 h;
4) checking the maturity rate of leptosphaeria larvae: after the parent mussels are dried in the shade and spit the larvae completely, sucking a small amount of the larvas of the leptocylindrus by using a rubber head dropper, placing the larvas of the leptocylindrus under a microscope to observe the maturity rate of the larvas of the leptocylindrus in the field of view of the microscope, wherein all or most of the larvas of the leptocylindrus in the field of view of the microscope break membranes, and the two shells are strongly or slightly opened; then, cleaning leptocytarsa larvae by using aerated tap water with natural water temperature and a filter screen with the aperture of 200 meshes, and using the cleaned leptocytarsa larvae solution for parasitizing and breeding;
5) a parasitic infection stage: diluting the leptocylindrus solution to 2-5 thousands/liter, keeping the parasitic infection water temperature at 22 ℃, and matching the infection time with the leptocylindrus concentration according to the relationship that the bigger the leptocylindrus concentration is, the shorter the infection time is; placing the hook larva solution in a parasitic basin, and placing a proper number of silver carps, wherein the infection time is controlled to be 2-8 min; in the infection period, a small oxygenation pump is used for increasing oxygen in the fry-producing basin, so that host fishes are prevented from suffocating even dying due to oxygen deficiency; after infection, the parasitic amount on the gills of the host fishes is recorded by a microscope, the parasitic amount is preferably 1000-1500 parasitic on the gills of each host fish, and 20-40kg of host fishes are needed for breeding 100 ten thousand young mussels;
6) cultivating the infected host fish: the infected host fish needs to be put into a running water breeding pond for breeding in time, and a plastic film is laid at the bottom of the breeding pond, so that the seedling falling condition of young mussels and the growth condition of the young mussels can be observed conveniently at a later stage; feeding green algae to the host fish every other day, observing whether young mussels on gills of the host fish completely fall off every day, and timely transferring the host fish to a fish pond after the young mussels completely fall off;
7) culturing young mussels after seedling shedding: after the young mussels are taxed, stopping water for half an hour in the morning every one month before the early month to feed a proper amount of soybean milk, observing the growth conditions of the young mussels every 7 days, and measuring and recording the growth parameters of the young mussels; adding a proper amount of silt into the culture pond every 7 days in the later period, wherein the silt depth is preferably just full of the young mussels, and harmful organisms such as silt, moss or red line worms and the like in the culture pond are removed in time in the later period, so that the young mussels are prevented from being anoxic or being swallowed by other harmful organisms; the whole cultivation process adopts running water cultivation, so that the water quality is kept fresh, the dissolved oxygen is sufficient, and a good growth ring is provided for the small mussels;
8) cultivating young mussels: after the fish tail wedge mussels grow in running water for 5-7 months in the culture pond, a hanging culture mode can be selected when the body length reaches 2-4 cm; the hanging and cultivating tool selects a square basket made of bamboo, the specification is 100cm multiplied by 50cm, and a 0.5cm filter screen is paved inside the basket, so that the loss of the mussels is prevented while the water body exchange is not influenced; the bottom of each basket is spread with 1cm thick nutrition mud, the hanging depth is 50-60 cm, and each basket can be thrown with 300 clams and 500 clams.
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