CN112460187B - 一种提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法 - Google Patents
一种提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
- F16F13/103—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by method of assembly, production or treatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
- F16F13/102—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of flexible walls of equilibration chambers; decoupling or self-tuning means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
- F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
- F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
- F16F13/108—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of plastics springs, e.g. attachment arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
- F16F15/0232—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means with at least one gas spring
Abstract
一种提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,通过在气囊下子口处设置橡胶凸起结构将下子口处帘线包裹在橡胶凸起结构内,使橡胶凸起结构与中间板凸台进行接触和摩擦,避免帘线与中间板凸台处接触。通过在气囊下子口的硫化模具上设置一圈模具凸起结构,在气囊下子口处形成一圈橡胶凸起结构使其与中间板凸台接触,而将帘线包裹在橡胶凸起结构内,避免帘线与中间板凸台的接触,从而避免了帘线与中间板凸台之间的摩擦,延长了气囊的使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种大曲囊气囊的改进方法,具体涉及一种提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法。
背景技术
轨道交通用大曲囊气囊下子口密封主要是依靠将大曲囊气囊的锥面与中间板的锥面压缩配合实现的。为了将气囊约束在中间板上,在中间板上会设计一个凸台,气囊下子口会在压力载荷下落于中间板凸台上。由于中间板一般采用金属结构来提高强度,对于车辆载荷重、并需要经常经过小曲线导致水平位移大的列车而言,在其运行过程中,金属凸台与大曲囊气囊下子口之间会有频繁的相对运动,金属凸台与大曲囊气囊下子口磨损十分严重,会导致气囊出现爆破等破坏情况。同时,空气弹簧上气囊进行生产硫化时,气囊下子口帘线反包在内部气压的作用下,会贴近在模具的子口凸起处,气囊下子口容易露帘线,在如果车辆载荷大,在空气弹簧进行大位移扭摆疲劳时,容易出现下子口磨损帘线导致气囊爆破的情况。因此,需要对大曲囊气囊进行改进,以提高其性能。
如申请号CN201210523266.5,名称为“一种大曲囊空气弹簧胶囊的硫化模具”的发明专利申请提出了传统模具中大子口钢丝圈容易变形的解决方法,降低了大曲囊气囊的废品率,提高了生产效率和经济效益。
又如申请号CN201710017585.1,名称为“一种大曲囊式空气弹簧的气囊上子口密封方法”的发明专利申请是本申请人之前提出的通过在气囊上子口外侧部制作一个与气囊上子口一体的气囊上子口密封圈,依靠上盖板与扣环压缩气囊上子口密封圈来进行密封,这样就能在保证密封性的前提下,降低对气囊子口尺寸、上盖板平面度以及扣环尺寸的要求,从而减小了制造及检验难度。
上述方案虽然都涉及到对当前大曲囊气囊的改进,但都不涉及下子口耐磨性的改进。
发明内容
本发明针对当前大曲囊气囊在生产硫化时下子口帘线容易暴露而可能影响气囊性能的问题,提出了一种提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,通过预设的耐磨橡胶的磨损,来达到保护气囊下子口帘线的目的。
本发明为解决上述问题所采用的技术手段为:一种提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,通过在气囊下子口处设置橡胶凸起结构将下子口处帘线包裹在橡胶凸起结构内,使橡胶凸起结构与中间板凸台进行接触和摩擦,避免帘线与中间板凸台处接触。
进一步地,通过在气囊下子口的硫化模具上设置模具凸起结构,使气囊在硫化过程中,模具凸起结构能够顶住帘线,使帘线内凹,而模具凸起结构两侧的空间内由橡胶填满,在气囊下子口处形成具有橡胶凸起结构和内凹结构的形状。
进一步地,通过在气囊下子口的硫化模具上均匀设置一圈辐射状的模具凸起结构,使气囊下子口处形成一圈布置均匀的橡胶凸起结构与内凹结构交替的形状。
进一步地,通过将气囊下子口硫化模具上的模具凸起结构的宽度设置为2-10mm,使气囊下子口处两个橡胶凸起结构之间的距离为2-10mm。
进一步地,通过将气囊下子口硫化模具上两个模具凸起结构之间的距离设置为2-10mm,使气囊下子口处橡胶凸起结构的宽度为2-10mm。
进一步地,通过将气囊下子口硫化模具上的模具凸起结构的高度为2-5mm,使气囊下子口处的帘线距离中间板凸台圆角2-5mm。
进一步地,通过将气囊下子口硫化模具上的模具凸起结构设置成上小下大的锥面,使气囊下子口处形成V字型的内凹结构。
进一步地,通过将气囊下子口硫化模具上的模具凸起结构与竖直方向形成2-6o的角度,使气囊下子口处的内凹结构具有2-6o的斜边。
进一步地,将气囊下子口硫化模具上模具凸起结构顶端处的圆角设为2-4mm。
进一步地,在气囊硫化过程中,橡胶凸起结构处的橡胶采用耐磨橡胶或者是气囊子口本体橡胶。
本发明的有益效果是:
1. 本发明通过在气囊下子口处设置一圈橡胶凸起结构使其与中间板凸台接触,而将帘线包裹在橡胶凸起结构内,避免帘线与中间板凸台的接触,从而避免了帘线与中间板凸台之间的摩擦,延长了气囊的使用寿命。
2. 本发明通过在气囊下子口的硫化模具上设置一圈模具凸起结构,使得在大曲囊气囊的硫化过程中,模具凸起结构将气囊下子口处的帘线顶起,避免帘线贴近下子口凸出,且通过在模具凸起结构两侧用橡胶填满形成气囊下子口处的橡胶凸起结构,将帘线包裹在内,避免了帘线与中间板凸台之间的接触。
附图说明
图1为大曲囊气囊使用示意图;
图2 为实施例一气囊下子口模具镶块结构示意图;
图3为图2局部放大示意图;
图4为实施例一气囊下子口模具镶块局部剖视示意图;
图5为实施例一气囊下子口模具对下子口帘线顶推示意图;
图6为实施例一气囊结构示意图;
图7为图6局部放大示意图;
图8为实施例一气囊安装后结构示意图;
图9为实施例一气囊下子口处局部剖视示意图;
图10为图9局部放大示意图;
图中:1.模具凸起结构,2.帘线,3.橡胶凸起结构,4.内凹结构,5.中间板凸台。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明。其中,附图仅用于示例性说明,表示的仅是示意图,而非实物图,不能理解为对本专利的限制;为了更好地说明本发明的实施例,附图某些部件会有省略、放大或缩小,并不代表实际产品的尺寸;对本领域技术人员来说,附图中某些公知结构及其说明可能省略是可以理解的。
实施例一
本实施例为一种提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,如图1所示,大曲囊气囊可用于轨道车辆转向架的空气弹簧上,利用气囊内空气的可压缩性实现减振作用。由于气囊整体是由帘线2提供支撑,为了避免气囊下子口处的帘线2直接碰触到中间板凸台5而对帘线2产生摩擦导致气囊爆破,如图6和图8所示,在气囊下子口处均匀设置设置一圈橡胶凸起结构3,将帘线2埋在橡胶凸起结构3内使帘线2与中间板凸台5之间保持一定距离,在车辆的运行过程中,橡胶凸起结构3始终与中间板凸台5接触,对帘线2进行保护。
为了在气囊下子口处形成一圈布置均匀的橡胶凸起结构3,如图2所示,在气囊下子口的模具镶块上均匀设置一圈模具凸起结构1,如图5所示,在大曲囊气囊的硫化过程中,模具凸起结构1顶住帘线2,在气囊下子口处形成内凹结构4,避免帘线2凸出。
由于帘线2在气囊上是整圈起支撑作用,且所有帘线2交织在一起形成整体,因此,下子口模具镶块上的模具凸起结构1应数量尽可能少,避免数量过多而造成气囊下子口处空间过大;但是,模具凸起结构1的数量也必须保证能够对帘线2起到足够的支撑作用,避免位于相邻两个模具凸起结构1之间的帘线2由于得不到支撑而凸出过多。如图3所示,模具凸起结构1在周向上的宽度W1为2-10mm,相邻两个模具凸起结构1之间凹陷部分的宽度W2为2-10mm,在硫化过程中,橡胶注入模具凸起结构1之间的凹陷部分内,如图6所示,在气囊下子口处形成橡胶凸起结构3,而模具凸起结构1所对应的位置形成气囊下子口处的内凹结构4。硫化完成后,如图7所示,气囊下子口处的橡胶凸起结构3在周向上的宽度w2也为2-10mm,相邻两个橡胶凸起结构3之间的内凹结构4的宽度w1也为2-10mm。在实际操作过程中,使模具凸起结构1的宽度W1值尽可能小,而使橡胶凸起结构3的宽度w2值尽可能大,这样能够保证气囊下子口处与中间板凸台接触的橡胶尽可能多,增大气囊下子口与中间板凸台的接触面,提高气囊的性能。
当气囊下子口组装到中间板凸台5后,如图4和图5所示,中间板凸台5与气囊下子口之间的位置关系相当于下子口模具镶块R1处与气囊下子口之间的位置关系。如图4所示,将橡胶凸起结构3凸出点R2与R1之间的距离H设为2-5mm,如图9和图10所示,使硫化成型后的气囊下子口处的内凹结构4高出中间板凸台5圆角的尺寸h为2-5mm,保证成型后帘线2与中间板凸台5之间的距离,使橡胶凸起结构3能够对帘线2起到足够的保护作用。
为了使硫化完成后的气囊方便脱膜,如图4所示,下子口模具镶块上的模具凸起结构1被设置成一个上小下大的锥面,呈V型结构,且V型结构垂直方向上的斜边与竖直方向形成2-6o的夹角A1。相应地,如图10所示,硫化后气囊下子口处的内凹结构4也呈V型,其垂直方向上的斜边与竖直方向也形成2-6o的夹角a1,保证气囊的顺利脱膜。
如图4所示,模具凸起结构1的顶部支撑处设有2-4mm的圆角R2,相应地,如图10所示,内凹结构4的最内部处也形成2-4mm的圆角r2,也即气囊下子口处的帘线2形成约2-4mm的弧状,保证帘线2在内凹结构4处的顺利弯曲,避免弧度太小时会产生帘线2的折叠而损坏帘线2反包,也不会因为模具结构1的弧度太大而不能够对帘线2形成有效的支撑。
当气囊与中间板凸台装配后,气囊下子口的橡胶凸起结构3与中间板凸台5接触,而内凹结构4不与中间板凸台5接触,因此,虽然只有橡胶凸起结构3处的帘线2被橡胶包裹在内,而内凹结构4处的帘线2几乎是裸露状态,但由于帘线2离中间板凸台5距离较远,不会对帘线2产生影响。同时,为了进一步提高气囊的性能,可以将橡胶凸起结构3的橡胶采用耐磨橡胶,以提高其耐磨性。当然,为了简化硫化操作,橡胶凸起结构3处的橡胶也可以直接使用气囊子口本体的橡胶。
以上实施例仅供说明本发明之用,而非对本发明的限制,有关技术领域的技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下,还可以做出各种变化或变换,因此所有等同的技术方案也应该属于本发明的保护范围,本发明的保护范围应该由各权利要求限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,其特征在于:通过在气囊下子口处设置一圈橡胶凸起结构(3)与内凹结构(4)交替的形状,所述橡胶凸起结构(3)将下子口处帘线(2)包裹在橡胶凸起结构(3)内,使橡胶凸起结构(3)与中间板凸台(5)进行接触和摩擦,避免帘线(2)与中间板凸台(5)处接触。
2.如权利要求1所述的提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,其特征在于:通过在气囊下子口的硫化模具上设置模具凸起结构(1),使气囊在硫化过程中,模具凸起结构(1)能够顶住帘线(2),使帘线(2)内凹,而模具凸起结构(1)两侧的空间内由橡胶填满,在气囊下子口处形成具有橡胶凸起结构(3)和内凹结构(4)的形状。
3.如权利要求2所述的提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,其特征在于:通过在气囊下子口的硫化模具上均匀设置一圈辐射状的模具凸起结构(1),使气囊下子口处形成一圈布置均匀的橡胶凸起结构(3)与内凹结构(4)交替的形状。
4.如权利要求2所述的提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,其特征在于:通过将气囊下子口硫化模具上的模具凸起结构(1)的宽度设置为2-10mm,使气囊下子口处两个橡胶凸起结构(3)之间的距离为2-10mm。
5.如权利要求2所述的提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,其特征在于:通过将气囊下子口硫化模具上两个模具凸起结构(1)之间的距离设置为2-10mm,使气囊下子口处橡胶凸起结构(3)的宽度为2-10mm。
6.如权利要求2所述的提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,其特征在于:通过将气囊下子口硫化模具上的模具凸起结构(1)的高度为2-5mm,使气囊下子口处的帘线(2)距离中间板凸台(5)圆角2-5mm。
7.如权利要求2所述的提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,其特征在于:通过将气囊下子口硫化模具上的模具凸起结构(1)设置成上小下大的锥面,使气囊下子口处形成V字型的内凹结构(4)。
8.如权利要求1所述的提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,其特征在于:通过将气囊下子口硫化模具上的模具凸起结构(1)与竖直方向形成2-6o的角度,使气囊下子口处的内凹结构(4)具有2-6o的斜边。
9.如权利要求1所述的提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,其特征在于:将气囊下子口硫化模具上模具凸起结构(1)顶端处的圆角设为2-4mm。
10.如权利要求1所述的提高大曲囊气囊下子口耐磨性的方法,其特征在于:在气囊硫化过程中,橡胶凸起结构(3)处的橡胶采用耐磨橡胶或者是气囊子口本体橡胶。
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