CN112457101A - Flower and fruit protection type special fertilizer for oil tea and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flower and fruit protection type special fertilizer for oil tea and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flower and fruit retention type special fertilizer for camellia oleifera, which comprises urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, an active biological organic fertilizer, mineral fulvic acid, starch grafted acrylate and a medium trace element fertilizer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing active biological organic fertilizer, urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, mineral fulvic acid and medium trace element fertilizer, and granulating by an ultralow temperature granulator to obtain a semi-finished product of the round granulated fertilizer; and (3) coating the semi-finished product of the round granular fertilizer with grafted acrylate by an ultramicro atomization spraying system, cooling and screening to obtain the flower and fruit retention type special fertilizer for the oil tea. The invention combines organic-inorganic fertilizers, and is matched with mineral source fulvic acid, so that the root system growth of the camellia oleifera can be directly stimulated, the water absorption and fertilizer absorption capacity of the root system is improved, the growth is promoted, and the flower and fruit retention rate is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a flower and fruit retention type special fertilizer for camellia oleifera and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the camellia oleifera planting in China basically adopts a extensive planting management mode of 'planting by human and raising day', so that the yield of the camellia oleifera is not high, and the quality of the camellia oleifera is difficult to guarantee. The camellia oleifera is a plant with the same period of flowers and fruits, and has 80-90% of annual bud, flower and fruit dropping rate, namely the camellia oleifera is commonly called as one thousand flowers and one fruit. How to stabilize and improve the yield of the oil tea, the key point is to improve the flower and fruit setting of the oil tea and simultaneously to protect the flower and the fruit.
Therefore, how to improve the flower and fruit setting of the camellia oleifera is a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects and shortcomings in the background art and provides a special fertilizer for flower and fruit protecting type oil tea and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the flower and fruit retention type special fertilizer for the oil tea comprises the following components in parts by weight: 28-30 parts of urea, 12-15 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 18-20 parts of potassium sulfate, 24-26 parts of active biological organic fertilizer, 6-8 parts of mineral source fulvic acid, 6-8 parts of starch grafted acrylate and 4-6 parts of medium trace element fertilizer.
One of the main reasons for high flower and fruit dropping rate of camellia oleifera is insufficient nutrient supply and water deficiency required by the flowers and fruits at the same time and the influence of insect pests. Based on the above, the invention firstly introduces a plurality of raw materials into the fertilizer, the mineral source fulvic acid is a short carbon chain micromolecule structure substance extracted from natural humic acid, and is a full water-soluble part with the minimum molecular weight and the highest active group content in the humic acid, and the introduction of the mineral source fulvic acid into the fertilizer can improve soil, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer and stimulate the growth of crops. The starch grafted acrylate is an organic high molecular polymer with a unique three-dimensional network structure, has strong water and fertilizer retention capacity (reversibility of water absorption and water release), and can be completely biodegraded, safe and nontoxic in the later period of field application. The urea, the monoammonium phosphate, the potassium sulfate and the medium trace elements provide inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron and zinc, the active biological organic fertilizer provides carbon, biological bacteria and organic nutrition, the mineral fulvic acid serves as a fertilizer catalyst, the starch grafted acrylate provides a water environment, and the four cooperate with each other to ensure the three-dimensional operation of soil, fertilizer and water and provide a healthy and efficient growth environment for the root system of the camellia oleifera.
Preferably, the medium trace element fertilizer is prepared from (15-20) by mass: (40-45): (25-30): (15-20) sodium borate decahydrate, magnesium sulfate monohydrate, EDTA chelated calcium and EDTA chelated zinc.
Preferably, the active biological organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting and decomposing rapeseed dregs, soybean dregs, sesame dregs, tobacco waste powder, compound microorganism zymogens and water and then compounding with a functional biological microbial inoculum; the functional biological bacteria comprise the following components in percentage by mass (40-50): (50-60) and Bacillus megaterium. According to the invention, a composite microbial agent consisting of bacillus mucilaginosus and bacillus megatherium is introduced into the biological organic fertilizer, and the bacillus mucilaginosus can decompose potassium-containing minerals in silicate, aluminosilicate and other ores and has the functions of dissolving phosphorus, releasing potassium and fixing nitrogen; the bacillus megaterium can generate a large amount of organic acid, can decompose or dissolve indissolvable phosphorus-containing substances in soil, and convert the indissolvable phosphorus-containing substances into effective phosphorus absorbed by plants, and meanwhile, the bacillus megaterium has ultrahigh reproductive performance, can antagonize pathogenic bacteria in the soil, and reduces the damage of plant diseases and insect pests.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the functional biological bacteria to the fermented and decomposed materials is (1-3): (97-99).
Preferably, the mass ratio of the rapeseed dregs, the soybean dregs, the sesame dregs, the defective tobacco waste powder and the composite microbial fermentation bacteria is (40-50): (10-20): (10-20): (10-20): (1-3).
Preferably, the flower and fruit retention type special fertilizer for camellia oleifera is prepared from the following composite microbial zymophyte in a mass ratio of (10-20): (10-20): (30-40): (20-30) Trichoderma (Trichoderma spp), Yeast (Yeast), Actinomycetes (Actinomycetes), and Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus).
Preferably, the nutrient indexes of the special fertilizer are as follows: n is P2O5:K2O (14-16): (4-6): 9-11); the total nutrient is more than or equal to 30 percent and the organic matter is more than or equal to 20 percent calculated on a dry basis.
As a general inventive concept, the invention also provides a preparation method of the special fertilizer for the flower and fruit retention type oil tea, which comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing rapeseed meal, soybean meal, sesame meal, defective tobacco waste powder and composite microbial fermentation bacteria, and adding water to control the water content of the mixture to be 35-45%;
(2) flatly paving the mixture obtained in the step (1) into a fermentation tank, fermenting and decomposing the mixture, adding a functional biological agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain an active biological organic fertilizer;
(3) uniformly mixing the active bio-organic fertilizer prepared in the step (2), urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, mineral fulvic acid and medium trace element fertilizer, and granulating by using an ultralow temperature granulator to obtain a semi-finished product of the round granular fertilizer;
(4) and (3) coating the semi-finished product of the round granular fertilizer with grafted acrylate by an ultramicro atomization spraying system, cooling and screening to obtain the flower and fruit retention type special fertilizer for the oil tea.
Preferably, in the step (2), the height of the tank is controlled to be 1.5 m, the temperature is controlled during fermentation, the turning and oxygen supplementation are carried out, the fermentation temperature is not more than 65 ℃, and the whole fermentation time is controlled to be 38-60 days.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the invention, on the basis of the combination of organic-inorganic fertilizers, the mineral source fulvic acid is matched, so that the root system of the camellia oleifera can be directly stimulated to grow, the water absorption and fertilizer absorption capacity of the root system is improved, the growth is promoted, and the flower and fruit retention rate is improved; secondly, the mineral source fulvic acid has a bidirectional buffering and regulating effect, is regulated to acid when meeting acid and regulated to alkali when meeting alkali, can regulate the pH value environment suitable for the growth of crops to a certain extent, and provides a favorable soil environment for the healthy growth of the crops; thirdly, the mineral fulvic acid can chelate nutrient elements, improve the utilization rate of the fertilizer, reduce the input of the fertilizer, reduce the production cost and improve the input ratio of the fertilizer.
(2) The special fertilizer for the flower and fruit retention type oil tea is supplemented with active biological organic fertilizer on the basis of inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron and zinc major and minor element nutrition, so that on one hand, soil is improved, a plurality of organic nutrients such as amino acid, fatty acid and the like are provided, a healthy soil environment is created for the root system growth of the oil tea, the root, branch and propagation of the oil tea tree and luxuriant leaves are ensured, and favorable underground basic conditions are provided for flowering, fruit retention and flower retention; on the other hand, the functional biological bacteria are added, so that the effects of dissolving phosphorus and releasing potassium are achieved, the nutrients in soil are activated, flowers and fruits are prevented from falling due to nutrition shortage, meanwhile, the ultrahigh reproductive performance of the functional biological bacteria can remarkably antagonize the multiplication of pathogenic organisms in the oil tea rhizosphere soil, a natural biological bacteria barrier is formed around the root system, the damage of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced, the healthy soil environment is further consolidated, the power of the tree body is stable, and the flower setting and fruit setting rate is improved.
(3) According to the fertilizer requirement characteristics of the oil tea, the invention specifically matches the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, zinc and other macronutrient elements, medium nutrient elements and micronutrient elements and the proportion of the elements, ensures that the nutrient supply required by the oil tea is comprehensive and sufficient in the annual growth cycle, reduces flower and fruit dropping of the oil tea caused by insufficient and irregular nutrient supply, improves the flower and fruit setting rate and increases the yield.
(4) On the basis of a special fertilizer for the camellia oleifera, starch grafted acrylate is uniformly coated on the surfaces of fertilizer particles to form a water control barrier through an ultramicro atomization spraying process, when the soil contains high water in the early stage, the three-dimensional network structure part of hydrophilic groups of the barrier absorbs water at a high rate, the three-dimensional network structure part expands into hydrogel after absorbing water to firmly lock the water, and the water is slowly released under the action of water evaporation transpiration force and root suction force during the drought of the rhizosphere soil in the later stage, so that the process can be repeatedly circulated for many times, each fertilizer product becomes a micro reservoir, the problem of insufficient water supply in the flower and fruit period of the camellia oleifera, particularly in the high-temperature drought period, is effectively solved, and the problem of flower and fruit dropping caused by drought is reduced; meanwhile, due to the coating adsorption function, the slow-release and controlled-release fertilizer can release nutrients of the fertilizer, the utilization rate of the fertilizer is improved, the loss of the fertilizer along with water is reduced, and the environmental pollution is reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully and in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments below.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms of art used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
Example 1:
the invention relates to a flower and fruit retention type special fertilizer for oil tea, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 28 parts of urea, 12 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 18 parts of potassium sulfate, 24 parts of active biological organic fertilizer, 6 parts of mineral source fulvic acid, 8 parts of starch grafted acrylate and 4 parts of medium trace element fertilizer; wherein the active biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass of 45: 10: 10: 10: 3: 22 of rapeseed meal, soybean meal, sesame meal, defective tobacco waste powder (more than 40 meshes), a compound microbial fermentation inoculum (compound bacteria consisting of trichoderma, saccharomycetes, actinomycetes and lactic acid bacteria in a mass ratio of 20: 20: 30: 30) and clear water, and then adding an active biological organic fertilizer and functional biological bacteria in a mass ratio of 97: 3 (a composite microbial inoculum consisting of bacillus mucilaginosus and bacillus megatherium in a mass ratio of 40: 60), wherein the medium trace element fertilizer consists of sodium borate decahydrate, magnesium sulfate monohydrate, EDTA chelated calcium and EDTA chelated zinc in a mass ratio of 15:40:25: 20.
The preparation method of the special fertilizer for flower and fruit retention type camellia oleifera comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing 45 parts of rapeseed meal, 10 parts of soybean meal, 10 parts of sesame meal, 10 parts of defective tobacco waste powder (more than 40 meshes), 3 parts of composite microbial fermentation inoculant and 22 parts of clear water according to the weight ratio, and uniformly mixing, wherein the water content is controlled to be about 40%; and then flatly paving the uniformly mixed organic materials into a fermentation tank, controlling the height of the fermentation tank to be 1.5 m, intentionally controlling the temperature, turning over and supplementing oxygen during the fermentation process to ensure that the fermentation temperature does not exceed 65 ℃, controlling the whole fermentation time to be 45 days, and matching functional biological bacteria (wherein the mass ratio of the decomposed materials to the functional biological bacteria is 97: 3) after complete decomposition through detection and analysis to obtain the active biological organic fertilizer.
(2) Weighing 24 parts of active biological organic fertilizer, 28 parts of urea, 12 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 18 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of mineral source fulvic acid and 4 parts of medium trace element fertilizer, and uniformly mixing;
(3) granulating the uniformly mixed material obtained in the step (2) through an ultralow temperature granulator to obtain a semi-finished product of the round granulated fertilizer;
(4) and (4) coating the semi-finished product of the round granular fertilizer prepared in the step (3) by using an ultramicro atomization coating system for starch graft acrylate (8 parts), and then feeding the coated product into a metering packaging system after passing through a cooling machine and a screening machine to obtain the flower and fruit retention type special fertilizer for oil tea.
The special fertilizer for flower and fruit protecting type oil tea prepared by the embodiment and the conventional fertilizer sold in the market are applied to the oil tea.
1. Design of experiments
(1) And (3) test crops: the planting density of the 10a high-yield period oil tea is 110 plants/667 m2
(2) Test site: camellia oleifera base in Huai city, Zhongfang county, Hunan province
(3) Test time: 10 months in 2018-12 months in 2019
(4) The soil fertility condition of the test field: the soil type is yellow red soil, the pH value is 5.28, the organic matter content is 12.25g/kg, the total nitrogen content is 1.11g/kg, the effective phosphorus content is 2.4mg/kg, and the quick-acting potassium content is 55.13 mg/kg.
(5) And (3) test treatment:
treatment 1 (T1): applying the special fertilizer for the flower and fruit retention type oil tea of the embodiment, wherein the application amount of the fertilizer is 2kg, and the fertilizer is applied twice in 11 months in 2018 and 5 months in 2019;
treatment 2 (T2): applying a 45% oil tea special compound fertilizer of a certain brand, wherein the application amount of the fertilizer is 2kg, and the fertilizer is applied twice in 11 months in 2018 and 5 months in 2019;
blank Control (CK): no fertilizer is applied;
the treatments were repeated three times for 30 strains each, and randomized in block arrangement.
(6) Management of field
Except that the variety and the fertilizing amount of the fertilizer are different, the operations of other agricultural crops are completely consistent.
2. Test results and analysis
(1) Influence of different fertilization treatments on tea-oil tree spring shoots
The growth condition of the spring shoots is an important index for reflecting the growth and development condition of the camellia oleifera and is also an important feedback for the fertility condition of the soil. From table 1, on the tip length: t1 is 10.23% longer than CK, T2 is 3.39% longer than CK, T1 is 6.62% longer than T2; on the tip thickness: t1 is 7.07% coarser than CK, T2 is 5.05% coarser than CK, T1 is 1.92% coarser than T2; in the number of blades: the amount of T1 was 7.43% more than CK, the amount of T2 was 3.57% more than CK, and the amount of T1 was 3.73% more than T2. Therefore, the fertilization group treated by T1 has the best effect on the growth of the spring shoots of the oil tea, and the application of the special fertilizer for the flower and fruit retention type oil tea of the embodiment can provide sufficient and necessary nutritional conditions for the growth of the spring shoots.
TABLE 1 Effect of different fertilization treatments on Camellia oleifera spring shoot growth
(2) Influence of different fertilization treatments on yield of oil tea
The final purpose of planting the camellia oleifera is to harvest camellia oleifera fruits, the number of single-plant fruits, the weight of single fruits and the single-plant yield are key technical indexes for measuring the yield of the camellia oleifera, and meanwhile, the number of single-plant fruits, the weight of single fruits and the single-plant yield are important feedback of the nutritional status of the camellia oleifera. From table 2, on the number of individual plants results: 55.21% more than CK in T1, 34.48% more than CK in T2 and 15.49% more than T2 in T1, which indicates that the flower and fruit retention of the camellia oleifera can be promoted by applying the fertilizer additionally, the fruit setting rate is improved, and the flower and fruit retention effect of the special fertilizer for the flower and fruit retention type camellia oleifera is optimal; on the single fruit weight, the T1 and CK treatment performance is optimal, the difference between the T1 and CK treatment performance is not obvious, the more the number of the results is, the single fruit weight is reduced, and the fertilizing amount corresponding to the target yield is insufficient; in individual plant yield: the yield of the camellia oleifera is improved by increasing the fertilizer application amount, wherein the yield of the camellia oleifera is 56.87% higher than that of CK (total nutrient content) in T1, 32.89% higher than that of CK in T2 and 18.31% higher than that of T2 in T1, and the effect of the special fertilizer for the camellia oleifera is optimal.
TABLE 2 Effect of different fertilization treatments on Camellia oleifera yield
(3) Influence of different fertilization treatments on rhizosphere soil moisture conditions
The water content of the rhizosphere soil directly influences the water supply shortage and abundance of the oil tea, and is an important index for measuring the water and fertilizer conditions of the oil tea planting soil. From table 3, rhizosphere soil moisture content in 4 months: t1 is 16.85% higher than CK, T2 is 2.19% more than CK, T1 is 14.34% more than T2; rhizosphere soil water content in 8 months: t1 is 33.38% higher than CK, T2 is 0.96% more than CK, T1 is 32.11% more than T2. Therefore, the application of the functional fertilizer special for the flower and fruit retention type camellia oleifera of the embodiment can obviously improve the water retention property of soil.
TABLE 3 Effect of different fertilization treatments on the moisture content of rhizosphere soil
3. Small knot
(1) The application of the special fertilizer for flower and fruit retention type camellia oleifera in the embodiment can promote the growth of the spring tips of the camellia oleifera: in tip length, T1 was 10.23% longer than CK and 6.62% longer than T2; on the tip, T1 is 7.07% thicker than CK, and T2 is 5.05% thicker than CK; in leaf number, T1 was 7.43% more than CK and T1 was 3.73% more than T2.
(2) By applying the special fertilizer for flower and fruit protecting type oil tea of the embodiment, the yield of the oil tea can be improved: t1 is 56.87% higher than CK, T1 is 18.31% more than T2.
(3) By applying the flower and fruit retention type camellia oleifera fertilizer disclosed by the embodiment, the water retention property of soil can be obviously improved.
In conclusion, the flower and fruit retention type camellia oleifera fertilizer disclosed by the invention can provide functional efficient nutrient substances for camellia oleifera, further improve the water and fertilizer retention capacity of soil, promote the growth and germination differentiation of camellia oleifera spring shoots, improve the fruit setting rate, increase the yield, create profits, and can be demonstrated and popularized in a large area.
Claims (9)
1. The flower and fruit retention type special fertilizer for the oil tea is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 28-30 parts of urea, 12-15 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 18-20 parts of potassium sulfate, 24-26 parts of active biological organic fertilizer, 6-8 parts of mineral source fulvic acid, 6-8 parts of starch grafted acrylate and 4-6 parts of medium trace element fertilizer.
2. The special fertilizer for the flower and fruit protecting type oil tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the medium trace element fertilizer is prepared from (15-20) by mass: (40-45): (25-30): (15-20) sodium borate decahydrate, magnesium sulfate monohydrate, EDTA chelated calcium and EDTA chelated zinc.
3. The special fertilizer for the flower and fruit retention type oil tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the active bio-organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting and decomposing rapeseed dregs, soybean dregs, sesame dregs, tobacco waste powder, compound microorganism zymophyte and water, and then compounding a functional biological microbial inoculum, wherein the functional biological microbial inoculum is prepared from (40-50) by mass: (50-60) a composite microbial agent consisting of Bacillus mucilaginosus (Bacillus mucoginosus) and Bacillus megaterium (Bacillus megaterium).
4. The special fertilizer for camellia oleifera as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the functional biological bacteria to the fermented and decomposed materials is (1-3): (97-99).
5. The special fertilizer for oil-tea camellia with the flower and fruit retention function according to claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the rapeseed dregs, the bean dregs, the sesame dregs, the tobacco waste powder and the composite microbial fermentation bacteria is (40-50): (10-20): (10-20): (10-20): (1-3).
6. The special fertilizer for the flower and fruit protecting type oil tea as claimed in claim 3, wherein the compound microorganism zymophyte is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of (10-20): (10-20): (30-40): (20-30) Trichoderma (Trichoderma spp), Yeast (Yeast), Actinomycetes (Actinomycetes), and Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus).
7. The special fertilizer for camellia oleifera as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the special fertilizer nutrient indexes are as follows: n is P2O5:K2O (14-16): (4-6): 9-11); the total nutrient is more than or equal to 30 percent and the organic matter is more than or equal to 20 percent calculated on a dry basis.
8. The preparation method of the special fertilizer for the flower and fruit protecting type oil tea as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing rapeseed dregs, bean dregs, sesame dregs, tobacco waste powder and composite microbial fermentation bacteria, and adding water to control the water content of the mixture to be 35-45%;
(2) flatly paving the mixture obtained in the step (1) into a fermentation tank, fermenting and decomposing the mixture, adding a functional biological agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain an active biological organic fertilizer;
(3) uniformly mixing the active bio-organic fertilizer prepared in the step (2), urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, mineral fulvic acid and medium trace element fertilizer, and granulating by using an ultralow temperature granulator to obtain a semi-finished product of the round granular fertilizer;
(4) and (3) coating the semi-finished product of the round granular fertilizer with grafted acrylate by an ultramicro atomization spraying system, cooling and screening to obtain the flower and fruit retention type special fertilizer for the oil tea.
9. The preparation method according to claim 8, wherein in the step (2), the height of the tank is controlled to be 1.5 m, the temperature control turning and oxygen supplementation are carried out during the fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is not more than 65 ℃, and the whole fermentation time is controlled to be 38-60 days.
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| CN113087580A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-07-09 | 山东禾之源现代农业发展有限公司 | Cold fresh fertilizer and production process thereof |
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