CN112425329B - Be applied to mechanical device that saline and alkaline land spills soil seeding suppression - Google Patents
Be applied to mechanical device that saline and alkaline land spills soil seeding suppression Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112425329B CN112425329B CN202011417687.0A CN202011417687A CN112425329B CN 112425329 B CN112425329 B CN 112425329B CN 202011417687 A CN202011417687 A CN 202011417687A CN 112425329 B CN112425329 B CN 112425329B
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- gear
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- hopper
- rotating shaft
- saline
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 190
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000010129 solution processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/08—Broadcast seeders; Seeders depositing seeds in rows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/062—Devices for making drills or furrows
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting
- A01C5/066—Devices for covering drills or furrows
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
A mechanical device applied to soil spreading, sowing and compacting of saline-alkali soil relates to a mechanical device applied to saline-alkali soil. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the operation procedure of the existing ditching and creating the ecological niche improvement saline-alkali soil which is locally beneficial to germination is complex, the cost is high, and the popularization and the utilization are not beneficial. The invention is characterized in that the hopper, the seeder and the soil spreading spiral hopper with the hydraulic system are modified into an integrated mechanical device, which is not only beneficial to ditching, soil spreading, seeding and compacting in saline-alkali soil, but also beneficial to plant growth in the created local niche, and provides technical and equipment support for saline-alkali soil improvement. The invention is applied to the improvement of the saline-alkali soil and provides the environment for the germination of the saline-alkali tolerant plant seeds in the cultivated local microenvironment to realize the establishment and the planting, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the saline-alkali soil and increasing the yield of the herbaceous plants in the saline-alkali soil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a mechanical device applied to saline-alkali soil.
Background
Saline-alkali soil is a kind of salt accumulation, and is characterized in that salt contained in the soil influences normal growth of crops, and according to incomplete statistics of textbook organizations and grain and agricultural organizations of united nations, the area of the saline-alkali soil is 9.5438 hundred million hectares worldwide, wherein the area of China is 9913 ten thousand hectares. The formation of alkaline earth and alkaline soil in China is mostly related to the accumulation of carbonate in the soil, so that the alkalinity is generally high, and plants in severe saline-alkali soil areas can hardly survive. The mountain-humped sand soil of the northern saline-alkali soil is utilized to create a small habitat which is locally favorable for germination to improve the saline-alkali soil through ditching, but the operation procedure is complex, the cost is high, and the popularization and the utilization are not favorable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing ditching and creation process for improving the saline-alkali soil is complex in operation procedure and high in cost, and is not beneficial to popularization and utilization, and provides a mechanical device applied to soil scattering, sowing and compacting of the saline-alkali soil.
The invention relates to a mechanical device applied to soil spreading, sowing and compacting of saline-alkali soil, which consists of a headstock 1, a hydraulic system 2, a hopper 3, a soil spreading spiral hopper 4, an outer soil pushing hand 5, an L-shaped plate 6, a clutch 8, a cross beam 9, a first gear 10, a second gear 11, a third gear 12, a chain 13, a spring 14, an inner soil pushing hand 15, a spiral knife 16, a fourth gear 20, a fifth gear 21 and a ditching and sowing integrated machine;
The car hopper 3 is arranged at the rear part of the car head 1, the hydraulic system 2 is arranged at the bottom of the car head 3, and the power output end of the hydraulic system 2 is arranged below the car hopper 3; the soil spreading spiral hopper 4 is fixed at the rear of the tail part of the hopper 3;
The soil spreading spiral hopper 4 is uniformly provided with a plurality of soil discharging windows 4-3 on the outer wall opposite to the hopper 3, and the distance between the adjacent soil discharging windows 4-3 is equal to the distance between the saline-alkali soil to be ditched; the inner cavity of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4 is horizontally provided with a first rotating shaft 4-1 along the length direction of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4, and two ends of the first rotating shaft 4-1 respectively penetrate through two side walls of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4 and are in sliding connection with the two side walls; a plurality of inner soil pushing hands 15 and a plurality of spiral cutters 16 are uniformly fixed on the first rotating shaft 4-1, and the inner soil pushing hands 15 face the soil discharging window 4-3; a second rotating shaft 4-2 is arranged at one side of the soil discharging window 4-3 far away from the hopper 3, the second rotating shaft 4-2 is arranged in parallel with the first rotating shaft 4-1, two ends of the second rotating shaft 4-2 respectively penetrate through two side walls of the soil scattering spiral hopper 4 and are in sliding connection with the two side walls, a plurality of outer soil discharging pushing hands 5 are uniformly fixed on the second rotating shaft 4-2, and the outer soil discharging pushing hands 5 face the soil discharging window 4-3; one end of the first rotating shaft 4-1 passes through the center of the third gear 12, and the other end is fixed with the center of the fourth gear 20; one end of the second rotating shaft 4-2 is fixed with the center of the fifth gear 21; the third gear 12, the fourth gear 20 and the fifth gear 21 are all arranged outside the side wall of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4, the fourth gear 20 and the fifth gear 21 are arranged on the same side of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4, and the fourth gear 20 and the fifth gear 21 are meshed together;
The clutch 8 is fixed on the outer side wall of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4, the clutch 8 is positioned right above the third gear 12, the lower end of the gear lever 8-1 of the clutch 8 is arranged on the first rotating shaft 4-1, and the position of the gear lever 8-1 is adjusted to control the relative fixed and relative sliding relation between the first rotating shaft 4-1 and the third gear 12; one end of the chain 13 is sleeved on the third gear 12, the other end of the chain 13 is sleeved on the first gear 10, the first gear 10 and the third gear 12 are positioned on the same side of the hopper 3, and the center of the first gear 10 is fixed with the center rotating shaft 7-1 of the rear wheel 7 of the hopper 3; the L-shaped plate 6 and the third gear 12 are positioned on the same side of the hopper 3, the L-shaped plate 6 is positioned between the soil scattering spiral hopper 4 and the rear wheel 7, the upper part of the L-shaped plate 6 is fixed with the outer wall of the clutch 8 through a cross beam 9, the upper part of the L-shaped plate 6 is fixed with the outer side wall of the soil scattering spiral hopper 4 through a spring 14, the lower part of the L-shaped plate 6 is horizontally fixed with a round rod 6-1, the round rod 6-1 is vertical to the L-shaped plate 6, a second gear 11 is sleeved on the round rod 6-1, and the round rod 6-1 is in sliding connection with the second gear 11; the upper and lower parts of the middle part of the chain 13 are arranged on the second gear 11;
The ditching and seeding integrated machine is arranged under the tail part of the hopper 3, a seeder 18, a ditching plow 19 and a compactor 17 are arranged on the ditching and seeding integrated machine, the compactor 17 is fixed on the seeder 18, and the power output end of the hydraulic system 2 is respectively connected with the seeder 18 and the ditching plow 19.
The application method of the mechanical device applied to the soil spreading, sowing and compacting of the saline-alkali soil comprises the following steps:
1. The hydraulic system 2 is utilized to adjust a ditching and seeding integrated machine (the ditching and seeding integrated machine is not an application point of the application, and is not drawn in fig. 1) to ditche according to uniform height and width, then the hydraulic system 2 is utilized to lift the ditching plow 19, sand is filled in the hopper 3 through the ditching machine, the front end of the hopper 3 is supported by the hydraulic system 2 to incline upwards, the tail part of the hopper is inclined downwards, sand is uniformly poured into an inner cavity of the soil spreading spiral hopper 4, the position of a baffle rod 8-1 is adjusted to enable a first rotating shaft 4-1 and a third gear 12 to be relatively fixed (the baffle rod 8-1 and a clutch 8 are a set of equipment in the prior art), the headstock 1 forwards advances, a rear wheel 7 starts to rotate, the third gear 12 is driven to rotate through a chain 13, so as to drive the first rotating shaft 4-1 to rotate, the first rotating shaft 4-1 is driven by a fourth gear 20 and a fifth gear 21, the first rotating shaft 4-1 drives an inner rotating hand 15 and a spiral cutter 16 to rotate together, the second rotating shaft 4-2 is not driven by the second rotating shaft 4-2, and the second rotating shaft 4-2 is not driven to rotate along with the second rotating shaft 4-2 and the second rotating shaft 4-3 and the second rotating shaft 4-4 is not rotated along with the rotation of the first rotating shaft 4-3 and the second rotating shaft is not fully driven by the second rotating 3 and the second rotating shaft 4-rotating 3 and the sand is not driven by the second rotating shaft 4-rotating 3;
2. The ditching and seeding integrated machine 7 is filled with the grass seeds, the height of the seeder 18 is adjusted by the hydraulic system 2 to be lowered into the sandy soil scattered in ditches and the grass seeds are uniformly scattered in ditches, and then the hydraulic system 2 adjusts the press 17 to flatten the sandy soil, so that the seeding is completed.
The invention is characterized in that the hopper, the seeder and the soil spreading spiral hopper with the hydraulic system are modified into an integrated mechanical device, which is not only beneficial to ditching, soil spreading, seeding and compacting in saline-alkali soil, but also beneficial to plant growth in the created local niche, and provides technical and equipment support for saline-alkali soil improvement.
The invention is applied to the improvement of the saline-alkali soil and provides the environment for the germination of the saline-alkali tolerant plant seeds in the cultivated local microenvironment to realize the establishment and the planting, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the saline-alkali soil and increasing the yield of the herbaceous plants in the saline-alkali soil.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention saves labor cost and realizes the whole mechanization of the processes of soil pulling, ditching, soil scattering, sowing, compacting and the like;
2. the invention has low cost and simple operation, and has specific operation demonstration and specific method from the first step to the last step and a solution processing method of corresponding problems;
The invention can be widely applied to saline-alkali soil restoration, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the saline-alkali soil and simultaneously providing technical and mechanical support for the alien soil sowing method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a mechanical device applied to soil spreading, sowing and compacting in saline-alkali soil according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a right side view of the soil spreading screw bucket 4 of fig. 2;
fig. 4 is a left side view of the soil spreading screw bucket 4 of fig. 2;
fig. 5 is a rear view of the soil spreading screw bucket 4 of fig. 2;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a ditching and seeding integrated machine according to the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is a mechanical device applied to soil spreading, sowing and compacting of saline-alkali soil, and specifically comprises a headstock 1, a hydraulic system 2, a hopper 3, a soil spreading spiral hopper 4, an outer soil pushing hand 5, an L-shaped plate 6, a clutch 8, a cross beam 9, a first gear 10, a second gear 11, a third gear 12, a chain 13, a spring 14, an inner soil pushing hand 15, a spiral cutter 16, a fourth gear 20, a fifth gear 21 and a ditching and sowing integrated machine, as shown in fig. 1-6;
The car hopper 3 is arranged at the rear part of the car head 1, the hydraulic system 2 is arranged at the bottom of the car head 3, and the power output end of the hydraulic system 2 is arranged below the car hopper 3; the soil spreading spiral hopper 4 is fixed at the rear of the tail part of the hopper 3;
The soil spreading spiral hopper 4 is uniformly provided with a plurality of soil discharging windows 4-3 on the outer wall opposite to the hopper 3, and the distance between the adjacent soil discharging windows 4-3 is equal to the distance between the saline-alkali soil to be ditched; the inner cavity of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4 is horizontally provided with a first rotating shaft 4-1 along the length direction of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4, and two ends of the first rotating shaft 4-1 respectively penetrate through two side walls of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4 and are in sliding connection with the two side walls; a plurality of inner soil pushing hands 15 and a plurality of spiral cutters 16 are uniformly fixed on the first rotating shaft 4-1, and the inner soil pushing hands 15 face the soil discharging window 4-3; a second rotating shaft 4-2 is arranged at one side of the soil discharging window 4-3 far away from the hopper 3, the second rotating shaft 4-2 is arranged in parallel with the first rotating shaft 4-1, two ends of the second rotating shaft 4-2 respectively penetrate through two side walls of the soil scattering spiral hopper 4 and are in sliding connection with the two side walls, a plurality of outer soil discharging pushing hands 5 are uniformly fixed on the second rotating shaft 4-2, and the outer soil discharging pushing hands 5 face the soil discharging window 4-3; one end of the first rotating shaft 4-1 passes through the center of the third gear 12, and the other end is fixed with the center of the fourth gear 20; one end of the second rotating shaft 4-2 is fixed with the center of the fifth gear 21; the third gear 12, the fourth gear 20 and the fifth gear 21 are all arranged outside the side wall of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4, the fourth gear 20 and the fifth gear 21 are arranged on the same side of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4, and the fourth gear 20 and the fifth gear 21 are meshed together;
The clutch 8 is fixed on the outer side wall of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4, the clutch 8 is positioned right above the third gear 12, the lower end of the gear lever 8-1 of the clutch 8 is arranged on the first rotating shaft 4-1, and the position of the gear lever 8-1 is adjusted to control the relative fixed and relative sliding relation between the first rotating shaft 4-1 and the third gear 12; one end of the chain 13 is sleeved on the third gear 12, the other end of the chain 13 is sleeved on the first gear 10, the first gear 10 and the third gear 12 are positioned on the same side of the hopper 3, and the center of the first gear 10 is fixed with the center rotating shaft 7-1 of the rear wheel 7 of the hopper 3; the L-shaped plate 6 and the third gear 12 are positioned on the same side of the hopper 3, the L-shaped plate 6 is positioned between the soil scattering spiral hopper 4 and the rear wheel 7, the upper part of the L-shaped plate 6 is fixed with the outer wall of the clutch 8 through a cross beam 9, the upper part of the L-shaped plate 6 is fixed with the outer side wall of the soil scattering spiral hopper 4 through a spring 14, the lower part of the L-shaped plate 6 is horizontally fixed with a round rod 6-1, the round rod 6-1 is vertical to the L-shaped plate 6, a second gear 11 is sleeved on the round rod 6-1, and the round rod 6-1 is in sliding connection with the second gear 11; the upper and lower parts of the middle part of the chain 13 are arranged on the second gear 11;
The ditching and seeding integrated machine is arranged under the tail part of the hopper 3, a seeder 18, a ditching plow 19 and a compactor 17 are arranged on the ditching and seeding integrated machine, the compactor 17 is fixed on the seeder 18, and the power output end of the hydraulic system 2 is respectively connected with the seeder 18 and the ditching plow 19.
The application method of the mechanical device applied to the soil spreading, sowing and compacting of the saline-alkali soil in the embodiment is as follows:
1. The hydraulic system 2 is utilized to adjust a ditching and seeding integrated machine (the ditching and seeding integrated machine is not an application point of the application, and is not drawn in fig. 1) to ditche according to uniform height and width, then the hydraulic system 2 is utilized to lift the ditching plow 19, sand is filled in the hopper 3 through the ditching machine, the front end of the hopper 3 is supported by the hydraulic system 2 to incline upwards, the tail part of the hopper is inclined downwards, sand is uniformly poured into an inner cavity of the soil spreading spiral hopper 4, the position of a baffle rod 8-1 is adjusted to enable a first rotating shaft 4-1 and a third gear 12 to be relatively fixed (the baffle rod 8-1 and a clutch 8 are a set of equipment in the prior art), the headstock 1 forwards advances, a rear wheel 7 starts to rotate, the third gear 12 is driven to rotate through a chain 13, so as to drive the first rotating shaft 4-1 to rotate, the first rotating shaft 4-1 is driven by a fourth gear 20 and a fifth gear 21, the first rotating shaft 4-1 drives an inner rotating hand 15 and a spiral cutter 16 to rotate together, the second rotating shaft 4-2 is not driven by the second rotating shaft 4-2, and the second rotating shaft 4-2 is not driven to rotate along with the second rotating shaft 4-2 and the second rotating shaft 4-3 and the second rotating shaft 4-4 is not rotated along with the rotation of the first rotating shaft 4-3 and the second rotating shaft is not fully driven by the second rotating 3 and the second rotating shaft 4-rotating 3 and the sand is not driven by the second rotating shaft 4-rotating 3;
2. The ditching and seeding integrated machine 7 is filled with the grass seeds, the height of the seeder 18 is adjusted by the hydraulic system 2 to be lowered into the sandy soil scattered in ditches and the grass seeds are uniformly scattered in ditches, and then the hydraulic system 2 adjusts the press 17 to flatten the sandy soil, so that the seeding is completed.
According to the embodiment, the hopper, the seeder and the soil scattering spiral hopper with the hydraulic system are refitted into the integrated mechanical device, so that ditching, soil scattering, seeding and compacting are integrated in the saline-alkali soil, the created local niche is beneficial to plant growth, and technical and equipment support is provided for saline-alkali soil improvement.
The method is applied to improvement of the saline-alkali soil, and provides an environment for germination of the saline-alkali tolerant plant seeds in a cultivated local microenvironment to realize planting, so that the purposes of improving the saline-alkali soil and increasing the yield of herbaceous plants in the saline-alkali soil are achieved.
The beneficial effects of the embodiment are as follows:
1. the method saves labor cost and realizes the whole mechanization of the processes of soil pulling, ditching, soil scattering, sowing, compacting and the like;
2. the implementation mode has low cost and simple operation, and has specific operation demonstration and specific methods corresponding to instruction manuals from the first step to the last step and a solution processing method of corresponding problems;
the embodiment can be widely applied to saline-alkali soil restoration, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the saline-alkali soil and simultaneously providing technical and mechanical support for the alien soil sowing method.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between this embodiment and the specific embodiment is that: the first gear 10 is a cylindrical gear. The other is the same as in the first embodiment.
And a third specific embodiment: this embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: the second gear 11 is a cylindrical gear. The other embodiments are the same as those of the first or second embodiment.
The specific embodiment IV is as follows: this embodiment differs from one of the first to third embodiments in that: the third gear 12 is a cylindrical gear. The other is the same as in one of the first to third embodiments.
Fifth embodiment: the fourth difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that: the fourth gear 20 and the fifth gear 21 are cylindrical gears. The other is the same as in the fourth embodiment.
The invention was verified with the following test:
Test one: the test is a mechanical device applied to soil spreading, sowing and compacting of saline-alkali soil, as shown in fig. 1-6, and specifically comprises a headstock 1, a hydraulic system 2, a hopper 3, a soil spreading spiral hopper 4, an outer soil pushing hand 5, an L-shaped plate 6, a clutch 8, a cross beam 9, a first gear 10, a second gear 11, a third gear 12, a chain 13, a spring 14, an inner soil pushing hand 15, a spiral cutter 16, a fourth gear 20, a fifth gear 21 and a ditching and sowing integrated machine; the first gear 10 is a cylindrical gear; the second gear 11 is a cylindrical gear; the third gear 12 is a cylindrical gear; the fourth gear 20 and the fifth gear 21 are cylindrical gears;
The car hopper 3 is arranged at the rear part of the car head 1, the hydraulic system 2 is arranged at the bottom of the car head 3, and the power output end of the hydraulic system 2 is arranged below the car hopper 3; the soil spreading spiral hopper 4 is fixed at the rear of the tail part of the hopper 3;
The soil spreading spiral hopper 4 is uniformly provided with a plurality of soil discharging windows 4-3 on the outer wall opposite to the hopper 3, and the distance between the adjacent soil discharging windows 4-3 is equal to the distance between the saline-alkali soil to be ditched; the inner cavity of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4 is horizontally provided with a first rotating shaft 4-1 along the length direction of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4, and two ends of the first rotating shaft 4-1 respectively penetrate through two side walls of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4 and are in sliding connection with the two side walls; a plurality of inner soil pushing hands 15 and a plurality of spiral cutters 16 are uniformly fixed on the first rotating shaft 4-1, and the inner soil pushing hands 15 face the soil discharging window 4-3; a second rotating shaft 4-2 is arranged at one side of the soil discharging window 4-3 far away from the hopper 3, the second rotating shaft 4-2 is arranged in parallel with the first rotating shaft 4-1, two ends of the second rotating shaft 4-2 respectively penetrate through two side walls of the soil scattering spiral hopper 4 and are in sliding connection with the two side walls, a plurality of outer soil discharging pushing hands 5 are uniformly fixed on the second rotating shaft 4-2, and the outer soil discharging pushing hands 5 face the soil discharging window 4-3; one end of the first rotating shaft 4-1 passes through the center of the third gear 12, and the other end is fixed with the center of the fourth gear 20; one end of the second rotating shaft 4-2 is fixed with the center of the fifth gear 21; the third gear 12, the fourth gear 20 and the fifth gear 21 are all arranged outside the side wall of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4, the fourth gear 20 and the fifth gear 21 are arranged on the same side of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4, and the fourth gear 20 and the fifth gear 21 are meshed together;
The clutch 8 is fixed on the outer side wall of the soil spreading spiral bucket 4, the clutch 8 is positioned right above the third gear 12, the lower end of the gear lever 8-1 of the clutch 8 is arranged on the first rotating shaft 4-1, and the position of the gear lever 8-1 is adjusted to control the relative fixed and relative sliding relation between the first rotating shaft 4-1 and the third gear 12; one end of the chain 13 is sleeved on the third gear 12, the other end of the chain 13 is sleeved on the first gear 10, the first gear 10 and the third gear 12 are positioned on the same side of the hopper 3, and the center of the first gear 10 is fixed with the center rotating shaft 7-1 of the rear wheel 7 of the hopper 3; the L-shaped plate 6 and the third gear 12 are positioned on the same side of the hopper 3, the L-shaped plate 6 is positioned between the soil scattering spiral hopper 4 and the rear wheel 7, the upper part of the L-shaped plate 6 is fixed with the outer wall of the clutch 8 through a cross beam 9, the upper part of the L-shaped plate 6 is fixed with the outer side wall of the soil scattering spiral hopper 4 through a spring 14, the lower part of the L-shaped plate 6 is horizontally fixed with a round rod 6-1, the round rod 6-1 is vertical to the L-shaped plate 6, a second gear 11 is sleeved on the round rod 6-1, and the round rod 6-1 is in sliding connection with the second gear 11; the upper and lower parts of the middle part of the chain 13 are arranged on the second gear 11;
The ditching and seeding integrated machine is arranged under the tail part of the hopper 3, a seeder 18, a ditching plow 19 and a compactor 17 are arranged on the ditching and seeding integrated machine, the compactor 17 is fixed on the seeder 18, and the power output end of the hydraulic system 2 is respectively connected with the seeder 18 and the ditching plow 19.
The application method of the mechanical device applied to the soil spreading, sowing and compacting of the saline-alkali soil in the test is as follows:
1. The hydraulic system 2 is utilized to adjust a ditching and seeding integrated machine (the ditching and seeding integrated machine is not an application point of the application, and is not drawn in fig. 1) to ditche according to uniform height and width, then the hydraulic system 2 is utilized to lift the ditching plow 19, sand is filled in the hopper 3 through the ditching machine, the front end of the hopper 3 is supported by the hydraulic system 2 to incline upwards, the tail part of the hopper is inclined downwards, sand is uniformly poured into an inner cavity of the soil spreading spiral hopper 4, the position of a baffle rod 8-1 is adjusted to enable a first rotating shaft 4-1 and a third gear 12 to be relatively fixed (the baffle rod 8-1 and a clutch 8 are a set of equipment in the prior art), the headstock 1 forwards advances, a rear wheel 7 starts to rotate, the third gear 12 is driven to rotate through a chain 13, so as to drive the first rotating shaft 4-1 to rotate, the first rotating shaft 4-1 is driven by a fourth gear 20 and a fifth gear 21, the first rotating shaft 4-1 drives an inner rotating hand 15 and a spiral cutter 16 to rotate together, the second rotating shaft 4-2 is not driven by the second rotating shaft 4-2, and the second rotating shaft 4-2 is not driven to rotate along with the second rotating shaft 4-2 and the second rotating shaft 4-3 and the second rotating shaft 4-4 is not rotated along with the rotation of the first rotating shaft 4-3 and the second rotating shaft is not fully driven by the second rotating 3 and the second rotating shaft 4-rotating 3 and the sand is not driven by the second rotating shaft 4-rotating 3;
2. The ditching and seeding integrated machine 7 is filled with the grass seeds, the height of the seeder 18 is adjusted by the hydraulic system 2 to be lowered into the sandy soil scattered in ditches and the grass seeds are uniformly scattered in ditches, and then the hydraulic system 2 adjusts the press 17 to flatten the sandy soil, so that the seeding is completed.
According to the test, the hopper, the seeder and the soil scattering spiral hopper with the hydraulic system are refitted into the integrated mechanical device, so that ditching, soil scattering, seeding and compacting are integrated in the saline-alkali soil, the created local niche is beneficial to plant growth, and technical and equipment support is provided for saline-alkali soil improvement.
The test is applied to improvement of the saline-alkali soil, and provides an environment for germination of saline-alkali tolerant plant seeds in a cultivated local microenvironment to realize planting, so that the purposes of improving the saline-alkali soil and increasing the yield of herbaceous plants in the saline-alkali soil are achieved.
The test has the following beneficial effects:
1. The test saves labor cost and realizes the whole mechanization of the processes of soil pulling, ditching, soil scattering, sowing, compacting and the like;
2. The test has low cost and simple operation, and has specific operation demonstration and specific method from the first step to the last step and a solution processing method of corresponding problems;
The test can be widely applied to saline-alkali soil restoration, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the saline-alkali soil and simultaneously providing technical and mechanical support for the alien soil sowing method.
Claims (3)
1. The mechanical device for the soil spreading, sowing and compacting of the saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising a headstock (1), a hydraulic system (2), a hopper (3), a soil spreading spiral hopper (4), an outer soil pushing hand (5), an L-shaped plate (6), a clutch (8), a cross beam (9), a first gear (10), a second gear (11), a third gear (12), a chain (13), a spring (14), an inner soil pushing hand (15), a spiral knife (16), a fourth gear (20), a fifth gear (21) and a ditching and sowing integrated machine;
The vehicle hopper (3) is arranged at the rear part of the vehicle head (1), the hydraulic system (2) is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle head (1), and the power output end of the hydraulic system (2) is arranged below the vehicle hopper (3); the soil spreading spiral hopper (4) is fixed at the rear part of the tail part of the hopper (3);
The soil spreading spiral hopper (4) is uniformly provided with a plurality of soil discharging windows (4-3) opposite to the outer wall of the hopper (3), and the distance between the adjacent soil discharging windows (4-3) is equal to the distance between ditches on the saline-alkali soil; the inner cavity of the soil spreading spiral bucket (4) is horizontally provided with a first rotating shaft (4-1) along the length direction of the soil spreading spiral bucket (4), and two ends of the first rotating shaft (4-1) respectively penetrate through two side walls of the soil spreading spiral bucket (4) and are in sliding connection with the two side walls; a plurality of inner soil pushing hands (15) and a plurality of spiral cutters (16) are uniformly fixed on the first rotating shaft (4-1), and the inner soil pushing hands (15) face the soil discharging window (4-3); a second rotating shaft (4-2) is arranged on one side, far away from the hopper (3), of the soil discharging window (4-3), the second rotating shaft (4-2) is arranged in parallel with the first rotating shaft (4-1), two ends of the second rotating shaft (4-2) respectively penetrate through two side walls of the soil scattering spiral hopper (4) and are in sliding connection with the two side walls, a plurality of outer soil discharging pushing hands (5) are uniformly fixed on the second rotating shaft (4-2), and the outer soil discharging pushing hands (5) face the soil discharging window (4-3); one end of the first rotating shaft (4-1) passes through the center of the third gear (12), and the other end of the first rotating shaft is fixed with the center of the fourth gear (20); one end of the second rotating shaft (4-2) is fixed with the center of the fifth gear (21); the third gear (12), the fourth gear (20) and the fifth gear (21) are all arranged outside the side wall of the soil scattering spiral hopper (4), the fourth gear (20) and the fifth gear (21) are arranged on the same side of the soil scattering spiral hopper (4), and the fourth gear (20) and the fifth gear (21) are meshed together;
The clutch (8) is fixed on the outer side wall of the soil scattering spiral bucket (4), the clutch (8) is positioned right above the third gear (12), the lower end of the gear lever (8-1) of the clutch (8) is arranged on the first rotating shaft (4-1), and the position of the gear lever (8-1) is adjusted to control the relative fixed and relative sliding relation between the first rotating shaft (4-1) and the third gear (12); one end of the chain (13) is sleeved on the third gear (12), the other end of the chain (13) is sleeved on the first gear (10), the first gear (10) and the third gear (12) are positioned on the same side of the hopper (3), and the center of the first gear (10) is fixed with a center rotating shaft (7-1) of a rear wheel (7) of the hopper (3); the L-shaped plate (6) and the third gear (12) are positioned on the same side of the hopper (3), the L-shaped plate (6) is positioned between the soil scattering spiral hopper (4) and the rear wheel (7), the upper part of the L-shaped plate (6) is fixed with the outer wall of the clutch (8) through a cross beam (9), the upper part of the L-shaped plate (6) is fixed with the outer side wall of the soil scattering spiral hopper (4) through a spring (14), a round rod (6-1) is horizontally fixed at the lower part of the L-shaped plate (6), the round rod (6-1) is vertical to the L-shaped plate (6), a second gear (11) is sleeved on the round rod (6-1), and the round rod (6-1) is in sliding connection with the second gear (11); the upper and lower parts of the middle part of the chain (13) are arranged on the second gear (11); the first gear (10) is a cylindrical gear; the second gear (11) is a cylindrical gear;
the ditching and seeding integrated machine is arranged under the tail part of the hopper (3), a seeder (18), a ditching plow (19) and a pressing machine (17) are arranged on the ditching and seeding integrated machine, the pressing machine (17) is fixed on the seeder (18), and the power output end of the hydraulic system (2) is respectively connected with the seeder (18) and the ditching plow (19).
2. A mechanical device for soil spreading, sowing and compacting in saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, characterized in that said third gear (12) is a cylindrical gear.
3. The mechanical device for soil spreading, sowing and compacting of saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the fourth gear (20) and the fifth gear (21) are cylindrical gears.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011417687.0A CN112425329B (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Be applied to mechanical device that saline and alkaline land spills soil seeding suppression |
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| CN202011417687.0A CN112425329B (en) | 2020-12-07 | 2020-12-07 | Be applied to mechanical device that saline and alkaline land spills soil seeding suppression |
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| CN112425329A CN112425329A (en) | 2021-03-02 |
| CN112425329B true CN112425329B (en) | 2024-05-28 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108207203A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-06-29 | 冯勇 | A kind of afforestation grass-seed planting machine |
| KR101963194B1 (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-03-28 | 주식회사 하다(HADA Co.,Ltd) | Line seeding type garlic planter |
| CN110679243A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-01-14 | 酒泉华创戈壁农业科技有限公司 | High-efficient seeder combined with fertilising apparatus with automatic earthing mechanism |
| CN213718667U (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-07-20 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Be applied to saline and alkaline land and spill mechanical device that soil seeding is suppressed |
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2020
- 2020-12-07 CN CN202011417687.0A patent/CN112425329B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101963194B1 (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-03-28 | 주식회사 하다(HADA Co.,Ltd) | Line seeding type garlic planter |
| CN108207203A (en) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-06-29 | 冯勇 | A kind of afforestation grass-seed planting machine |
| CN110679243A (en) * | 2019-10-09 | 2020-01-14 | 酒泉华创戈壁农业科技有限公司 | High-efficient seeder combined with fertilising apparatus with automatic earthing mechanism |
| CN213718667U (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-07-20 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Be applied to saline and alkaline land and spill mechanical device that soil seeding is suppressed |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 盐碱地机械沟播技术;翟永明，王全仁，梁琨，刘贵亮，乔十一，宋树林，李来虎;农机与食品机械;19960225(第02期);全文 * |
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