CN112391158A - 检测心脏损伤早期标志物的多色荧光探针及其制备和使用方法 - Google Patents
检测心脏损伤早期标志物的多色荧光探针及其制备和使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于生物医学检测技术领域,涉及一种检测心脏损伤早期标志物的多色荧光探针及其制备和使用方法。检测心脏损伤早期标志物的多色荧光探针,其特征在于,所述多色荧光探针,是由CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs、心脏损伤早期标志物抗体、荧光染料构成;所述多色荧光探针以CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs为供体及荧光染料为受体的荧光共振能量转移对;所述CdSe/ZnS QDs︰Au NCs︰荧光染料的体积比为0.5‑1︰8‑10︰0.1‑5。本发明提供的多色荧光探针可以同时精确检测两种以上的心脏损伤早期标志物。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医学检测技术领域,具体涉及一种检测心脏损伤早期标志物的多色荧光探针及其制备和使用方法。
背景技术
心血管疾病的死亡率远高于包括癌症、艾滋病在内的其他慢性疾病。据2018年世界心脏联盟统计,在世界范围内,每死亡3人,就有1人死于心血管病。我国人群心血管疾病的发病和死亡率呈持续上升趋势,据统计我国心血管疾病患者目前约2.6亿人,每5个成年人中就有1人患心血管病,全国每年约300万人死于心血管病,占总死亡人数的41%。因此,心血管疾病被称为威胁人类健康的“头号杀手”。心血管疾病如此凶险,究其原因是其临床表现多为致死性的急发病,临床指南要求病人发病入院到医生得到病人心脏早期标志物的检测结果时间不超过30min,从病人入院到医生启动溶栓治疗不超过60min-90min,医生需和时间赛跑。心脏早期标志物全称为心脏损伤早期标志物,是指心脏损伤后6小时内血中水平升高的标志物,为临床中诊断心肌梗死、心肌缺血、心衰等心脏疾病的重要检测指标,主要包括C反应蛋白(CRP)、B型尿钠肽(BNP)以及肌钙蛋白(cTnI)等。这些指标在健康人血清中水平极低,而在机体受到感染或组织损伤时会显著升高,对这些标志物的即时监测直接影响心血管疾病患者的临床诊断、危险分层、治疗方案选择和预后判断。然而,正因为存在极短时间需要做出正确诊断的高要求,心脏早期标志物的即时检验已然成为近年来整个心血管领域中关注的焦点。心脏早期标志物含量低,故检测限的要求更加高,在要求灵敏度的同时,要求高的准确度。
国内外对心脏早期标志物的即时体外诊断(Point of Care Test,POCT)进行了大量的探索。现有技术中,金属纳米簇或量子点(quantum dots,QDs)具有诸多显著优于传统有机染料、荧光蛋白及其它荧光纳米材料的发光性质,发射光谱尺寸可调、半峰宽窄、激发光谱宽、量子产率高、光稳定性好等,在化学、材料学、生物学及医学等领域展现出巨大的应用前景。近年来,量子点作为新型纳米材料具有一系列优异的独特光学特性:如激发光谱范围宽、发射光谱窄;发射波长可以通过改变量子点的尺寸大小及组成调控,可以使其发射光谱覆盖整个可见光区;具有较高的荧光发射强度和较好稳定性。用量子点免疫荧光法研发了多种体外检测试剂卡、试剂盒,主要配套荧光分析仪使用。但是,目前利用量子点技术的POCT还存心脏早期标志物的即时检验偏差较大的问题,检测量级大多为mg/L。
基于此,为解决以上问题,本发明提出一种采用FRET检测技术原理的金属纳米簇与量子点相结合的多色荧光探针的思路,开发了一种心脏损伤早期标志物多色荧光探针及制备和使用方法。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明在于提供一种检测心脏损伤早期标志物的多色荧光探针。
进一步,所述多色荧光探针,是由CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs、心脏损伤早期标志物抗体、荧光染料构成;所述多色荧光探针以CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs为供体及荧光染料为受体的荧光共振能量转移对;所述CdSe/ZnS QDs︰Au NCs︰荧光染料的体积比为0.5-1︰8-10︰0.1-5。
优选地,所述CdSe/ZnS QDs︰Au NCs︰荧光染料的体积比为1︰10︰1-5。
优选地,所述CdSe/ZnS QDs:Au NCs:荧光染料的体积比为1︰10︰1。
进一步,所述荧光染料的荧光激发波长在480nm-600nm,和其荧光发射波长在500nm-670nm的荧光染料,均能够按照本办法制备荧光检测探针,都在保护的范围内。
优选地,所述荧光材料为罗丹明。
进一步,所述心脏损伤早期标志物包括人血中D-二聚体(D-Dimer)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、肌红蛋白(MYO)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)中的1种或多种。优选一种或2两种或三种。
进一步,所述CdSe/ZnSQDs的发射波长为518nm;所述荧光染料的发射波长为603nm。
进一步,所述AuNCs是由谷胱甘肽、同样包括半胱氨酸、牛血清蛋白、辣根过氧化物酶中一种为模板制备而成。
具体地,EDC为1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐,NHS为N-羟基琥珀酰亚胺,CdSe/ZnSQDs为巯基乙酸修饰的硒化镉和硫化锌量子点,AuNCs为金纳米簇。
具体地,多色荧光探针由CdSe/ZnS QDs,Au NCs以及荧光染料罗丹明三种具有不同荧光的物质组成,其中CdSe/ZnS QDs与Au NCs组成荧光共振能量转移对中的供体即CdSe/ZnS QDs@Au NCs,荧光染料罗丹明作为受体。三种物质具有不同的荧光,在检测过程中,检测到不同的心脏早期标记物后三种物质荧光所占比例不同,呈现出不同的颜色,从而实现多色荧光探针对多种心脏损伤标志物的同时检查。
所述多色荧光探针,其构成是CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs与心脏损伤早期标志物抗体-ROX构成以CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs为供体及荧光染料为受体的荧光共振能量转移对(FRET)。当加入检测目标心脏损伤早期标志物后,各个分子信标与量子点FRET探针免疫结合,使探针构型发生变化,产生不同发射波长,实现心脏损伤早期标志物的多色荧光同步检测,同时通过发射光与入射光荧光强度的来定量分析目标物浓度。
AuNCs以生物分子为模板制备,其表面具有丰富的基团,容易与心脏早期标志物抗体发生相互作用,可以通过化学偶联、静电吸附作用。多色荧光探针的荧光来自CdSe/ZnSQDs,Au NC以及荧光染料三种具有不同荧光的物质。
本发明目的在于还提供一种前述的多色荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)利用含有羧基或氨基的生物分子为模板合成AuNCs;
(2)利用EDC和NHS混合溶液活化AuNCs得活化AuNCs;
(3)将活化AuNCs加入CdSe/ZnSQDs与AuNCs偶联得CdSe/ZnSQDs@Au NCs;
(4)将CdSe/ZnS QDs@AuNCs中加入待检测的对应的心脏损伤早期标志物抗体和荧光染料得心脏损伤早期标志物多色荧光探针。
具体地,借助AuNCs与心脏早期标志物抗体之间的特异性相互作用,使CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs与心脏损伤早期标志物抗体-荧光染料构成以CdSe/ZnS QDs@AuNCs为供体,以荧光染料为受体的荧光共振能量转移对。
进一步,步骤(1)中所述含有羧基或氨基的生物分子包括谷胱甘肽、同样包括半胱氨酸、牛血清蛋白、辣根过氧化物酶中一种。优选谷胱甘肽。谷胱甘肽为模板制备的金纳米簇含有丰富的羧基,一方面容易与巯基乙酸修饰的CdSe/ZnS QDs量子点偶联;一方面容易与心脏早期标志物抗体发生特异性作用,保持抗体的活性。
进一步,步骤(2)中所述EDC和NHS混合溶液与所述AuNCs的体积比为1︰10-1︰25。
进一步,步骤(3)中所述CdSe/ZnS QDs与所述活化Au NCs的体积比为1︰5-1︰30。
具体的多色荧光探针的制备方法是利用含有羧基或氨基的生物分子为模板合成金纳米簇(AuNCs),通过两步偶联法将巯基乙酸修饰的硒化镉和硫化锌量子点(CdSe/ZnSQDs)与金纳米簇(AuNCs)偶联,得到荧光增强量子点CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs,并借助AuNCs与心脏早期标志物抗体之间的特异性相互作用,使CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs与心脏损伤早期标志物抗体-荧光染料构成以CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs为供体,以荧光染料为受体的荧光共振能量转移对(FRET),该量子点(QDs)与荧光染料罗丹明(ROX)的发射波长分别为518nm和603nm,形成多色荧光同步检测探针。
本发明目的在于还提供一种前述的多色荧光探针的使用方法。
所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)按照硝酸纤维素膜、吸水垫、结合垫、样品垫的顺序依次粘贴在PVC底板上,切成试纸卡;
(2)在所述结合垫喷涂一种或多种所述心脏损伤早期标志物多色荧光探针标记的抗体,在所述NC膜的检测和质检线处分别喷涂一种或多种与所述心脏损伤早期标志物多色荧光探针标记的抗体相对应的没有标记的抗体和抗抗体;
(3)将试纸卡在微流控芯片荧光检测仪进行检测;
步骤(1)中各相邻垫结合部位重合1mm-1.5mm。
进一步,在进行步骤(3)前吸取15μL-30μL全血或血清、血浆,与缓冲液和抗凝剂充分混合30s-1min得样品混合液。
进一步,然后吸取1±0.05mL所述样品混合液进行检测。
具体的,具体步骤如下:
(1)试剂盒的试剂准备:缓冲液和抗凝剂。
(2)试剂盒的试纸卡准备:准备量子点稀释缓冲液、印膜缓冲液、结合垫缓冲液、量子点与生物素标记的心脏损伤早期标志物鼠单克隆抗体、没有标记的心脏损伤早期标志物鼠单克隆抗体;按照硝酸纤维素膜(NC膜)、吸水垫、结合垫、样品垫的顺序依次粘贴在PVC底板上,相邻垫结合部位需重合1mm-1.5mm,并使用微电脑自动斩切机剪切成4mm宽的条状试纸条,然后装入卡槽密封干燥备用。
根据需要检测的目标蛋白数量,在结合垫喷涂1种或多种待检测的量子点标记的抗体,在NC膜的检测和质检线处分别喷涂1种或多种与量子点标记的抗体相对应的没有标记的抗体和抗抗体;
(3)荧光仪检测:依据各个试纸卡检测通道标记设置检测通道的检测时间、波长等参数;检查插入试纸卡,用一次性吸管吸取15μL-30μL全血或血清、血浆,与缓冲液和抗凝剂充分混合30S-60S;用一次性吸管吸取1mL样品混合液,加入试纸卡的加样孔内,将试纸卡推入荧光仪检测的检测通道内,启动检测程序;荧光仪检测通过激发和多通道检测发射的多色荧光强度,全自动荧光分光分析仪自动检测并读取数据,根据内存质控标准曲线,自动计算出心脏损伤早期标志物的含量。
多色荧光探针能够在微流控芯片荧光检测仪配套的微流控芯片上使用。
多色荧光探针在配套的微流控芯片上使用,其试样液分别同时与各个检测通道的检测反应室、质检反应室的试剂反应,其被激发的各个多色荧光光学特性分别在检测反应室、质检反应室上方检测,经过仪器软件根据内设标准处理的含量结果在显示屏上显示并记录。
微流控芯片具体结构在申请人的专利CN201910865049.6中公开。本发明的有益效果在于:
(1)本发明中CdSe/ZnS QDs︰Au NCs︰荧光染料三者的最优体积比结合,制备了一种符合FRET效应的多色比率荧光探针,增强了荧光强度,提高了检测灵敏度。
(2)本发明提供的多色荧光探针在检测心脏损伤早期标志物时,能与血浆的抗原特异性结合,多种荧光颜色,可以同时精准的检测多种心脏损伤早期标志物。
(3)本发明提供的基于多色荧光探针的检测使用方法,操作简单,使用便捷,在条件有限的场合有很大的实用性。并且同时能够在配套的微流控芯片上使用,通过微流控芯片荧光检测仪能实现样品自动进样,全血分离,多通道检测,能够满足检测精度。
附图说明
图1为多色荧光探针的结构及原理图。
图2为GSH-Au NCs的最佳激发波长与发射波长光谱图。
图3为GSH-AuNCs表面基团红外光谱表征图。
图4为CdSe/ZnS QDs@GSH-AuNCs的荧光发射光谱图。
图5为CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs的荧光特性图。
图6为CdSe/ZnS QDs@GSH-AuNCs的对肌红蛋白的检测光谱图。
图7为CdSe/ZnS QDs@GSH-AuNCs的对肌红蛋白的检测拟合直线图。
图8为加入肌红蛋白和不同氨基酸的CdSe/ZnS QDs@GSH-AuNCs溶液在紫外条件下的对比图。
图9为试纸卡结构示意图。
图10为肌酸激酶同工酶实验测值与医院测值配对相关性分析图。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的优选实施例进行详细描述。所举实施例是为了更好地对本发明的内容进行说明,但并不是本发明的内容仅限于所举实施例。所以熟悉本领域的技术人员根据上述发明内容对实施方案进行非本质的改进和调整,仍属于本发明的保护范围。
本发明实施例所涉及早期心脏损伤检测5种蛋白标志物:
(1)D-二聚体(D-Dimer)检测(量子点免疫荧光法)
全定量检测人血浆中D-二聚体(D-Dimer)的含量,适用于排除静脉血栓形成、弥散性血管内凝血的辅助诊断以及溶栓治疗的监测。现有技术检测利用量子点免疫荧光技术,用双抗体夹心法来检测人血浆中D-二聚体(D-Dimer)的含量。
(2)肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)检测(量子点免疫荧光法)
全定量检测人血清、血浆、全血中肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)的含量,适用于心肌梗死的辅助诊断。现有技术检测利用量子点免疫荧光技术,用双抗体夹心法来检测人血浆、全血中肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)的含量。
(3)肌红蛋白(MYO)检测(量子点免疫荧光法)
全定量检测人血清、血浆、全血中肌红蛋白(MYO)的含量,适用于心肌梗死的辅助诊断。现有技术检测利用量子点免疫荧光技术,用双抗体夹心法来检测人血浆、全血中肌红蛋白(MYO)的含量。
(4)肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB)检测(量子点免疫荧光法)
全定量检测人血清、血浆、全血中肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB)的含量,适用于心肌梗死、肌病等疾病的辅助诊断。现有技术检测利用量子点免疫荧光技术,用双抗体夹心法来检测人血浆、全血中肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB)的含量。
(5)N末端心房利钠肽(NT-proBNP)检测(量子点免疫荧光法)
全定量检测人血清、血浆、全血中N末端心房利钠肽(NT-proBNP)的含量,适用于心力衰竭的辅助诊断。现有技术检测利用量子点免疫荧光技术,用双抗体夹心法来检测人血浆、全血中N末端心房利钠肽(NT-proBNP)的含量。
本发明实施例涉及的炎症检测2种蛋白:
(1)C反应蛋白(CRP)检测(量子点免疫荧光法)
全定量检测人血清、血浆、全血中C反应蛋白(CRP)的含量,C反应蛋白主要作为一种非特异性炎症指标。现有技术检测利用量子点免疫荧光技术,用双抗体夹心法来检测人血浆、全血中C反应蛋白(CRP)的含量。
(2)降钙素原(PCT)检测(量子点免疫荧光法)
全定量检测人血清、血浆、全血中降钙素原(PCT)的含量,适用于细菌感染性疾病的辅助诊断。现有技术检测利用量子点免疫荧光技术,用双抗体夹心法来检测人血浆、全血中降钙素原(PCT)的含量。
本发明实施例对蛋白标志物的含量检测可结合申请人另一篇专利CN201910865049.6一起理解。
本发明多色荧光探针的结构及原理图如图1。
实施例1 GSH-AuNCs的制备
通过化学还原法合成了GSH-AuNCs。所有玻璃容器在混合溶液(按体积比(V︰V):HNO3︰HCl=1︰3)中浸泡20分钟,用超纯水清洗3次。将15mL氯金溶液(20mmol/L)、4.5mL谷胱甘肽溶液(100mmol/L)和130.5mL超纯水加入250mL圆底烧瓶中,室温搅拌30min。然后在70℃下加热24小时,最后将混合物冷却到室温。GSH-Au NCs溶液呈黄色,在紫外光照射下呈红色荧光。该溶液贮存于4℃,避光。得Au NCs,制备的Au NCs的最佳激发波长与发射波长光谱如图2。
实施例2 GSH-AuNCs表面基团检测
将实施例1制备的金纳米簇透析,使用规格为14KDa的透析袋,这个过程会持续将近24h,每4h换一次二次水,以除去未反应的小分子杂质。将透析后的金纳米簇冷冻干燥。冻干完成后,取出少量通过KBr压片进行红外光谱表征。结果如图3所示,波数为3330cm-1处存在一个振动带,这是由于金纳米簇表面存在氨基。波数为1630cm-1和1408cm-1处的峰归属于羧基,表面金纳米簇表面存在羧基。
实施例3 CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs制备
(1)首先配置质量分数为1%的EDC和NHS,即各称取10mg并分别溶解于10mL二次水中。待完全溶解后将两种溶液按照体积比1︰1混合并充分搅拌。
(2)取205μL上述步骤现配的EDC/NHS交联剂逐滴加入质量分数为1mg/mL的实施例1中制得的3ml Au NCs水溶液中充分搅拌5分钟以激活羧基,交联剂与Au NCs的体积比范围为1︰10-1︰25。
(4)取500μL体积质量分数为0.1mg/mL的CdSe/ZnS QDs缓慢加入到步骤(2)中火化后的Au NCs溶液中,使得CdSe/ZnS QDs与Au NCs的体积比为1︰5-1︰30。
(5)将溶液置于黑暗环境下反应2小时即制备得到CdSe/ZnS QDs@AuNCs荧光复合材料。
制备的CdSe/ZnS QDs@AuNCs荧光复合材料的荧光发射光谱图如图4所示,荧光特性图如图5,图5中Ex:518nm;Em:640nm;粒径:2.0±0.36nm;荧光量子产率约7.6%。
实施例4 CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs-罗丹明制备
将实施例1制备的Au NCs,实施例3中制备的CdSe/ZnS QDs、罗丹明按照CdSe/ZnSQDs︰Au NCs︰罗丹明的体积比为1︰10︰1混合得CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs-罗丹明多色荧光探针。
实施实例5 CdSe/ZnS QDs@GSH-AuNCs对肌红蛋白的检测
首先,配置浓度分别为1μM、10μM、100μM、1mM、5mM、10mM、10mM、50mM、100mM、200mM、500mM的肌红蛋白溶液以待使用。在实验中,取3mL的CdSe/ZnS QDs@GSH-AuNCs溶液加入到比色皿中,然后每次向其中滴加不等量的肌红蛋白溶液并充分混匀,于荧光分光光度计上,以390nm激发波长,扫描发射光谱。测得其荧光发射光谱以及绘制荧光强度比值与肌红蛋白浓度的线性关系图,如图6和图7。
实施实例6 CdSe/ZnS QDs@GSH-AuNCs的特异性实验
首先,配置浓度为10mM的亮氨酸、甘氨酸、色氨酸、脯氨酸、精氨酸、苏氨酸、丝氨酸、丙氨酸、异亮氨酸、赖氨酸、谷氨酸、多巴胺、缬氨酸、苯氨酸待用。取3mL CdSe/ZnS QDs@GSH-AuNCs溶液加入到比色皿中,然后向其中加入以上不同种类的氨基酸溶液并充分混匀,在荧光分光光度计中,用390nm的激发波长扫描发射光谱,将得到的荧光发射光谱与CdSe/ZnS QDs@GSH-AuNCs溶液中加入肌红蛋白的发射光谱对比得到上图。插图为加入肌红蛋白和不同氨基酸的CdSe/ZnS QDs@GSH-AuNCs溶液在紫外条件下的对比图,如图8。
实施例7检测蛋白标志物的含量
(1)检测步骤
采用量子点免疫层析技术全定量检测人血浆中D-二聚体(D-Dimer)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、肌红蛋白(MYO)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT),共6种待检测蛋白标志物的含量。
(1)试剂盒的试剂准备:缓冲液和抗凝剂。
(2)试剂盒的试纸卡准备:准备量子点稀释缓冲液、印膜缓冲液、结合垫缓冲液、量子点与生物素标记的心脏损伤早期标志物鼠单克隆抗体、没有标记的心脏损伤早期标志物鼠单克隆抗体;按照硝酸纤维素膜(NC膜)、吸水垫、结合垫、样品垫的顺序依次粘贴在PVC底板上,相邻垫结合部位需重合1mm-1.5mm,并使用微电脑自动斩切机剪切成4mm宽的条状试纸条,然后装入卡槽密封干燥备用,试纸卡结构如图9所示。
第一步,将实施例4制得的CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs-罗丹明标记于D-二聚体(D-Dimer)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、肌红蛋白(MYO)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)鼠单克隆抗体,两两一组喷涂在试纸卡一反应垫上;对应的两两一组无量子点标记的抗体、抗抗体喷涂在检测反应室和质检反应区内,在37度下烘干。设置荧光检测仪检测时间各30s、6个激发波长和发射检测波长。
第二步,加样:将可能含有多种心脏损伤早期标志物的待测目标抗原蛋白的试样液,与试剂盒缓冲液和抗凝剂充分混合后,从进样口加入。
第四步,试样液检测:试样液分别与各个检测线区、质检线区的试剂反应,其被激发的荧光光学特性分别在检测线、质检线上方检测,经过仪器软件根据内设标准处理的含量结果在显示屏上显示并记录。
(2)检测结果
6种心脏损伤早期标志物的检测目标标志物变异系数为5.20%-8.30%,其中最低检测限为0.26ng/mL,在2.50ng/mL-108.00ng/mL的线性范围内,相关系数r≥0.9992。
肌酸激酶同工酶检测结果,通过与医院同样的一批全血样本测试,实验数据与医院原测定结果的一一配对比较,线性相关拟合方程为y=1.0050x+0.1098,相关系数r=0.9970,即R2=0.9940。说明肌酸激酶同工酶检测结果与医院测定结果无明显差异,见图10。
C反应蛋白检测结果与医院测值的线性相关拟合方程为y=0.9713x+0.3421,相关系数R2=0.9927,即相关系数r=0.9963。说明C反应蛋白检测结果与医院测定结果无明显差异。
其它5个目标标志物检测结果,与医院测值的线性相关拟合,相关系数均达到r≥0.9900,满足相关性r>0.9750的要求。而且T检验Sig.(双侧)均达到P≥0.30,即P>0.05无显著差异。说明实施例7的定量测定效果较好。
表1-3是实施例7中,其中降钙素原的同一个原试样样本,芯片检测与医院检测一一配对的测定结果T检验。
表1成对样本统计量
表2成对样本相关系数
N | 相关系数 | Sig. | |
医院&芯片测定 | 60 | 0.996 | 0.000 |
表3成对样本检测
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (10)
1.检测心脏损伤早期标志物的多色荧光探针,其特征在于,所述多色荧光探针由CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs、心脏损伤早期标志物抗体、荧光染料构成;所述多色荧光探针以CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs为供体及荧光染料为受体的荧光共振能量转移对;所述CdSe/ZnS QDs︰AuNCs︰荧光染料的体积比为0.5-1︰8-10︰0.1-5。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多色荧光探针,其特征在于,所述CdSe/ZnS QDs︰Au NCs︰荧光染料的体积比为1︰10︰1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多色荧光探针,其特征在于,所述AuNCs是由谷胱甘肽、同样包括半胱氨酸、牛血清蛋白、辣根过氧化物酶中一种为模板制备而成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的多色荧光探针,其特征在于,所述心脏损伤早期标志物包括人血中D-二聚体(D-Dimer)、肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、肌红蛋白(MYO)、肌酸激酶同工酶(CKMB)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)中的1种或多种。
5.权利要求1所述的多色荧光探针的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)利用含有羧基或氨基的生物分子为模板合成AuNCs;
(2)利用EDC和NHS混合溶液活化AuNCs得活化AuNCs;
(3)将活化AuNCs加入CdSe/ZnSQDs与AuNCs偶联得CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs;
(4)将CdSe/ZnSQDs@AuNCs中加入待检测的对应的心脏损伤早期标志物抗体和荧光染料得心脏损伤早期标志物多色荧光探针。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中所述含有羧基或氨基的生物分子包括谷胱甘肽、同样包括半胱氨酸、牛血清蛋白、辣根过氧化物酶中一种。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中所述EDC和NHS混合溶液与所述AuNCs的体积比为1︰10-1︰25。
8.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述CdSe/ZnS QDs与所述活化Au NCs的体积比为1︰5-1︰30。
9.权利要求1所述的多色荧光探针的使用方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)按照硝酸纤维素膜、吸水垫、结合垫、样品垫的顺序依次粘贴在PVC底板上,切成试纸卡;
(2)在所述结合垫喷涂一种或多种所述心脏损伤早期标志物多色荧光探针标记的抗体,在所述NC膜的检测和质检线处分别喷涂一种或多种与所述心脏损伤早期标志物多色荧光探针标记的抗体相对应的没有标记的抗体和抗抗体;
(3)将试纸卡在微流控芯片荧光检测仪进行检测;
步骤(1)中各相邻垫结合部位重合1mm-1.5mm。
10.根据权利要求8所述的使用方法,其特征在于,在进行步骤(3)前取15μL-30μL全血或血清、血浆,与缓冲液和抗凝剂充分混合30s-1min得样品混合液。
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