CN112390771B - 一种新型的性能优异的空穴传输材料及包含该材料的有机电致发光器件 - Google Patents
一种新型的性能优异的空穴传输材料及包含该材料的有机电致发光器件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112390771B CN112390771B CN201910758795.5A CN201910758795A CN112390771B CN 112390771 B CN112390771 B CN 112390771B CN 201910758795 A CN201910758795 A CN 201910758795A CN 112390771 B CN112390771 B CN 112390771B
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- transport material
- organic electroluminescent
- electroluminescent device
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 105
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 80
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 66
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 40
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 tridecylmethylphenyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical class [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ALLIZEAXNXSFGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2-phenylbenzene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ALLIZEAXNXSFGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DRSHXJFUUPIBHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N COc1ccc(cc1)N1N=CC2C=NC(Nc3cc(OC)c(OC)c(OCCCN4CCN(C)CC4)c3)=NC12 Chemical compound COc1ccc(cc1)N1N=CC2C=NC(Nc3cc(OC)c(OC)c(OCCCN4CCN(C)CC4)c3)=NC12 DRSHXJFUUPIBHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzil Chemical group C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WURBFLDFSFBTLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
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- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 72
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 66
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- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 46
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 41
- 238000002330 electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 37
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 22
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 20
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 20
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 20
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- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 238000004770 highest occupied molecular orbital Methods 0.000 description 3
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- IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OC=CC2=C1 IANQTJSKSUMEQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- UZVGSSNIUNSOFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C1C=CC=C2C(=O)O UZVGSSNIUNSOFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005401 electroluminescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetate Substances CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 2
- VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylbutazonum Chemical compound O=C1C(CCCC)C(=O)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)N1C1=CC=CC=C1 VYMDGNCVAMGZFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylphosphane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)P(C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C BWHDROKFUHTORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CYPYTURSJDMMMP-WVCUSYJESA-N (1e,4e)-1,5-diphenylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one;palladium Chemical compound [Pd].[Pd].C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1\C=C\C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 CYPYTURSJDMMMP-WVCUSYJESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006527 (C1-C5) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- SPDPTFAJSFKAMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n-[4-[4-(n-[4-(3-methyl-n-(3-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]anilino)phenyl]phenyl]-4-n,4-n-bis(3-methylphenyl)-1-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N(C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(=CC=2)N(C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)C=2C=C(C)C=CC=2)=C1 SPDPTFAJSFKAMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOUCXZGYPVECOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-3-phenylfuran Chemical compound O1C=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1Br KOUCXZGYPVECOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004493 2-methylbut-1-yl group Chemical group CC(C*)CC 0.000 description 1
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UJEWSYCMXJLKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-diphenylfluoren-9-one Chemical compound O=C1C2=C(C=C(C=C2)C2=CC=CC=C2)C2=C1C=CC(=C2)C1=CC=CC=C1 UJEWSYCMXJLKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003542 3-methylbutan-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-n-[4-[1-[4-(4-methyl-n-(4-methylphenyl)anilino)phenyl]cyclohexyl]phenyl]-n-(4-methylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)C1(CCCCC1)C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 ZOKIJILZFXPFTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNFCXVRWFNAHQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,9'-spirobi[fluorene] Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C21 SNFCXVRWFNAHQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004244 benzofuran-2-yl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(*)OC2=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C12 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- DKHNGUNXLDCATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipyrazino[2,3-f:2',3'-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile Chemical compound C12=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N=C2C2=NC(C#N)=C(C#N)N=C2C2=C1N=C(C#N)C(C#N)=N2 DKHNGUNXLDCATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001971 neopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003538 pentan-3-yl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydrosulfide Chemical compound [Na+].[SH-] HYHCSLBZRBJJCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D307/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D307/94—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom spiro-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems, e.g. griseofulvins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D333/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D333/50—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D333/78—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulfur atom as the only ring hetero atom condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with rings other than six-membered or with ring systems containing such rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D409/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D409/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种新型的性能优异的空穴传输材料及包含该材料的有机电致发光器件,涉及有机电致发光技术领域,其结构式如下式所示:采用本发明的空穴传输材料制备的有机电致发光器件,电压大幅度降低,发光效率显著提高。由此可见,本发明的化合物能使器件的驱动电压大大降低,大幅度减少了电能的消耗、显著提高了发光效率。另外通过降低驱动电压,有机电致发光器件的寿命有显著提高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机电致发光技术领域,具体涉及一种新型的性能优异的空穴传输材料及包含该材料的有机电致发光器件。
背景技术
有机电致发光显示器(organic light-emitting devices)又称作有机电致发光二极管(organic light-emitting diodes),简称OLEDs,是二十世纪八十年代发展起来的一种全固态平板化显示技术。有机电致发光是指有机半导体材料在电场驱动下,通过载流子注入、传输、复合形成激子以及激子衰变而导致发光的现象,根据这种发光原理制成的显示器即为OLEDs。
在OLED中,空穴传输层的作用是提高空穴在器件中的传输效率,并将电子阻挡在发光层内,实现载流子的最大复合。空穴传输层可以降低空穴在注入过程中的能量壁垒,增加空穴注入效率,提高器件的亮度和寿命。对于好的空穴传输材料,除了要求其具有很高的空穴迁移率外,还要满足以下条件:(1)能够形成无缺陷的均一无定形薄膜;(2)具有很好的热稳定性,在长期运作下仍可保持无定形态。尽管目前OLED的老化机理并不是很清楚,但是有研究表明有机层物理形态的变化是其影响因素之一,比如由于器件操作时产生的热引起的有机层的熔融与结晶;(3)具有合适的最高分子占据轨道(HOMO)能级,以保证空穴在各个界面之间的有效注入与传输;防止器件在工作中产生过多的焦耳热引起材料的再结晶。这种结晶会破坏薄膜的均一性,同时破坏了空穴传输层同阳极以及有机层之间良好的界面接触,从而导致器件的寿命下降。
目前,寻找性能优良的空穴传输材料已经成为OLED领域技术人员的研究热点。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明提供了一种新型的性能优异的空穴传输材料及包含该材料的有机电致发光器件,可以有效提高空穴注入效率,提高器件的亮度和寿命。
为了达到上述发明目的,本发明所采用的技术方案如下:
一种新型的性能优异的空穴传输材料,其结构式如下式所示:
其中,a为稠合的取代或未取代的苯环;
R1、R2各自独立的为取代或未取代的C6-C30的芳香族基团、取代或未取代的C5-C30的杂芳族基团、取代或未取代的C6-C30的芳香胺基团;
R3、R4各自独立的为氢、重氢、取代或未取代的C1-C5的烷基、取代或未取代的C2-C5的烯基、取代或未取代的C3-C6的环烷基、取代或未取代的C3-C6的杂环烷基、取代或未取代的C6-C30的芳香族基团、取代或未取代的C5-C30的杂芳族基团;
W为O或S;
m为0或1。
进一步地,R1、R2各自独立的为苯基、甲苯基、三氘甲基苯基、联苯基、三联苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、芴基、氧芴基、9,9-二甲基芴基、9,9'-螺二芴、9,9-二苯基芴基、二苯并噻吩基、N-苯基咔唑基、邻二苯基、三氘甲基联苯基、甲基联苯基、三苯胺基。
进一步地,R3、R4各自独立的为氢、甲基、乙基、乙烯基、烯丙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、正戊基、仲戊基、1-乙基丙基、2-甲基丁基、叔戊基、1,2-二甲基丙基、异戊基、新戊基、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环氧乙基、氮杂环丙基、苯基、甲苯基、乙苯基、三氘甲基苯基、联苯基、三联苯基中的任意一种。
进一步地,所述空穴传输材料为以下结构式化合物中的任意一种:
上述空穴传输材料的制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)
在惰性气体保护下,将化合物Ⅰ、无水THF加入到反应瓶中,降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂,反应20~40min后,将化合物Ⅱ、无水THF混匀后滴入,在-78℃下继续反应1~3h,加入饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭后缓慢恢复至室温,加入二氯甲烷萃取分液,水洗干燥后减压浓缩得到化合物Ⅲ的粗品,经过柱层析提纯后得到精制后的化合物Ⅲ;
(2)
将化合物Ⅲ加入到异丙醇中,再滴加盐酸,加热共沸反应4~6h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,即可得到所述空穴传输材料。
本发明还提供了一种上述空穴传输材料在制备有机电致发光器件中的应用。
另外,本发明还提供了一种有机电致发光器件,包括阴极、阳极、发光层和空穴传输层,其中,空穴传输层中含有上述空穴传输材料。
本发明有机电致发光器件的结构包括但不限于以下几种:
1、阳极/空穴传输层/发光层/阴极;
2、阳极/空穴注入层/空穴传输层/发光层/阴极;
3、阳极/空穴注入层/空穴传输层/电子阻挡层/发光层/阴极;
4、阳极/空穴注入层/空穴传输层/电子阻挡层/发光层/电子注入层/阴极;
5、阳极/空穴注入层/空穴传输层/电子阻挡层/发光层/电子传输层/电子注入层/阴极;
6、阳极/空穴注入层/空穴传输层/电子阻挡层/发光层/空穴阻挡层/电子传输层/电子注入层/阴极;
7、阳极/空穴注入层/空穴传输层/发光层/电子传输层/电子注入层/阴极;
8、阳极/空穴注入层/空穴传输层/电子阻挡层/发光层/空穴阻挡层/电子传输层/电子注入层/阴极/覆盖层;
更进一步地,本发明还提供了一种照明装置,其中含有上述的有机电致发光器件。
更进一步地,本发明还提供了一种电子显示装置,其中含有上述的有机电致发光器件。
本发明所述室温为25±5℃。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明设计的化合物在传统以螺芴为核心,其存在的缺陷是空穴传输速率过慢,导致以螺芴为核心的空穴传输材料制作的有机电致发光器件的效率低下,难以提高。对于效率低下的技术难题,我们发现在螺芴环中引入氧原子能够大幅度提高材料分子的空穴传输速度,进而显著提高器件的发光效率。同时以呋喃环和二苯并呋喃环的方式引入氧原子,能够有效的提高材料分子的化学稳定性及热稳定性,进而提高材料的使用范围、提高器件的使用寿命。此外叔丁基作为优良的供电子基团,该基团的引入能够显著提高材料分子的电子云密度,增加材料分子的空间位阻,降低了材料分子的平面性及HOMO能级,HOMO能级的降低能够降低空穴传输层与发光层之间的能垒,能够大大提高空穴的注入效率及传输效率,进而有效降低了器件的驱动电压、较少电能的消耗。同时三芳胺类支链的引入增加了材料分子扭矩,降低了材料分子的结晶性,避免器件因为材料结晶而导致良率降低的风险,进而提高器件的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种有机电致发光器件的结构示意图。
图中标号分别代表:
1-阴极、2-电子注入层、3-电子传输层、4-发光层、5-空穴传输层、6-空穴注入层、7-阳极。
具体实施方式
实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
实施例1:
空穴传输材料(1)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物1-a(2-bromo-3-phenylfuran)(221.97g/mol,90.1mmol,20g)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物1-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,99.1mmol,39.64ml),反应30min后,将化合物1-b(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,292.18g/mol,90.1mmol,26.33g)、无水THF(263.3ml,与化合物1-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(463.3ml,与THF体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(463.3ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物1-c纯品(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9-(3-phenylfuran-2-yl)-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(19.05g,收率48.5%),MS(EI):436(M+);
(2)
将化合物1-c(18g,436.24g/mol,41.26mmol)加入到异丙醇(180ml,与化合物1-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(180ml,与化合物1-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到化合物1-d(2,7-di-tert-butylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]furan])(17.14g,收率99.4%),MS(EI):418(M+);
(3)
将化合物1-d(17g,418.23g/mol,40.65mmol)、二氯甲烷(170ml,与化合物1-d的v/m=10)、缓慢加入98%浓硫酸(0.05eq,98g/mol,0.2g,2.03mmol),加料完毕后室温搅拌下分多次加入N-溴代丁二酰亚胺(1.2eq,177.98g/mol,8.68g,48.78mmol),加料完毕后,室温搅拌反应12小时,向反应液中缓慢滴加乙醇(850ml,二氯甲烷体积的5倍),析出固体,将固体过滤得滤饼,滤饼使用甲苯热煮3h后降至室温,过滤得化合物1-e(6'-bromo-2,7-di-tert-butylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]furan])(10.24g,收率50.8%),MS(EI):496(M+);
(4)
氮气保护下,将化合物1-e(10g,496.14g/mol,20.16mmol),化合物1-f(diphenylamine)(1eq,169.09g/mol,20.16mmol,3.41g)、叔丁醇钠(1eq,96.1g/mol,20.16mmol,1.94g)、三(二亚苄基丙酮)二钯(0.05eq,915g/mol,1mmol,0.92g)、三叔丁基膦(0.05eq,202.32g/mol,1mmol,0.2g)、甲苯(100ml,与化合物1-e的v/m=10)加入反应瓶中,加料完毕后升温至回流反应5h,反应完毕后降至室温后加水搅拌15min后过滤得滤液,滤液分液后得有机相,有机相使用无水硫酸钠干燥后旋干经过柱层析提纯后得到空穴传输材料(1)(2,7-di-tert-butyl-N,N-diphenylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]furan]-6'-amine)(8.78g,收率74.4%),MS(EI):585.3(M+)。
以上合成路线是实施例1给出的合成路线1,先把主体环结构合成出来,再进行溴化,再与芳香胺进行加成即可。
合成路线2是技术方案中所提供的路线,方案如下:
(1)
(2)
合成路线1的合成线路比较完整,但是为了提高研发效率,直接购买或合成对应的反应原料,之后的合成都用合成路线2。
空穴传输材料(1)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.01-7.93(d,2H),7.86-7.78(m,3H),7.70-7.57(m,3H),7.46-7.33(m,4H),7.26-7.15(m,2H),7.08-6.84(m,5H),6.74-6.62(d,1H),6.58-6.52(d,1H),1.42-1.35(s,18H)。
实施例2:
空穴传输材料(2)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物2-a(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(4-(2-bromofuran-3-yl)phenyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-amine)(20g,541.1g/mol,36.96mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物2-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,40.66mmol,16.26ml),反应30min后,将化合物2-b(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,292.18g/mol,36.96mmol,10.79g)、无水THF(107.9ml,与化合物2-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(307.9ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(307.9ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物2-c纯品(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9-(3-(4-(di([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)amino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(14.43g,收率51.7%),MS(EI):755(M+);
(2)
将化合物2-c(14g,755.38g/mol,18.53mmol)加入到异丙醇(140ml,与化合物2-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(140ml,与化合物2-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(2)(N,N-di([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2,7-di-tert-butylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]furan]-6'-amine)(13.49g,收率98.8%),MS(EI):737(M+)。
空穴传输材料(2)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=7.90-7.79(d,2H),7.60-7.47(m,15H),7.45-7.34(m,5H),6.82-6.77(d,4H),6.70-6.61(s,1H),6.55-6.49(d,1H),6.42-6.37(d,1H),1.38-1.30(s,18H)。
实施例3:
空穴传输材料(24)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物3-a(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(4-(2-bromothiophen-3-yl)phenyl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-amine)(20g,557.08g/mol,35.9mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物3-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,39.49mmol,15.80ml),反应30min后,将化合物3-b(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,292.18g/mol,35.9mmol,10.49g)、无水THF(104.9ml,与化合物3-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(304.9ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(304.9ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物3-c纯品(9-(3-(4-([1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)amino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(13.42g,收率48.5%),MS(EI):771(M+);
(2)
将化合物3-c(13g,771.35g/mol,16.85mmol)加入到异丙醇(130ml,与化合物3-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(130ml,与化合物3-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(24)(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2,7-di-tert-butylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]thiophen]-6'-amine)(12.52g,收率98.7%),MS(EI):753(M+)。
空穴传输材料(24)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=7.94-7.82(d,2H),7.65-7.42(m,19H),7.18-7.10(d,1H),7.03-6.97(d,2H),6.82-6.74(d,2H),6.66-6.69(d,2H),6.61-6.50(d,1H),1.40-1.33(s,18H)。
实施例4:
空穴传输材料(48)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物4-a(N-(4-(2-bromofuran-3-yl)phenyl)-N-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)phenanthren-3-amine)(20g,605.14g/mol,33.05mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物4-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,36.36mmol,14.54ml),反应30min后,将化合物4-b(2-(tert-butyl)-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,236.12g/mol,33.05mmol,7.8g)、无水THF(78ml,与化合物4-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(278ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(278ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物4-c纯品(2-(tert-butyl)-9-(3-(4-((9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)(phenanthren-3-yl)amino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(10.49g,收率41.6%),MS(EI):763(M+);
(2)
将化合物4-c(10g,763.35g/mol,13.1mmol)加入到异丙醇(100ml,与化合物4-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(100ml,与化合物4-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(48)(2-(tert-butyl)-N-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-N-(phenanthren-3-yl)spiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]furan]-6'-amine)(13.79g,收率99.5%),MS(EI):745(M+)。
空穴传输材料(48)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=9.06-8.97(d,1H),8.34-8.22(d,2H),7.97-7.79(m,6H),7.75-7.71(s,2H),7.58-7.50(m,5H),7.42-7.36(m,4H),7.30-7.23(m,2H),7.09-7.02(d,1H),6.85-6.78(s,1H),6.61-6.53(d,2H),6.50-6.46(d,1H),6.40-6.35(d,1H),1.94-1.90(s,6H),1.46-1.40(s,9H)。
实施例5:
空穴传输材料(51)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物5-a(N-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)-N-(3-(2-bromofuran-3-yl)phenyl)dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-2-amine)(20g,660.09g/mol,30.3mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物5-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,33.33mmol,13.33ml),反应30min后,将化合物5-b(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,292.18g/mol,30.3mmol,8.85g)、无水THF(88.5ml,与化合物5-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(288.5ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(288.5ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物5-c纯品(9-(3-(3-((4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)(dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-2-yl)amino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(11.18g,收率42.2%),MS(EI):874(M+);
(2)
将化合物5-c(11g,874.36g/mol,12.58mmol)加入到异丙醇(110ml,与化合物5-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(110ml,与化合物5-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(51)(N-(4-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)-2,7-di-tert-butyl-N-(dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-2-yl)spiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]furan]-5'-amine)(10.56g,收率98.1%),MS(EI):856(M+)。
空穴传输材料(51)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.82-8.76(d,1H),8.62-8.57(d,1H),8.30-8.22(d,1H),8.15-8.07(d,2H),7.80-7.93(m,3H),7.74-7.60(m,7H),7.41-7.29(m,8H),7.11-7.05(d,1H),6.90-6.83(d,1H),6.77-6.71(s,1H),6.63-6.58(d,2H),6.42-6.17(d,2H),1.46-1.40(s,18H)。
实施例6:
空穴传输材料(55)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物6-a(N1-(4-(2-bromofuran-3-yl)phenyl)-N4,N4-diphenyl-N1-(p-trideuteriomethylbenzene)benzene-1,4-diamine)(20g,573.15g/mol,34.89mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物6-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,38.38mmol,15.35ml),反应30min后,将化合物6-b(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,292.18g/mol,34.89mmol,10.19g)、无水THF(101.9ml,与化合物6-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(301.9ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(301.9ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物6-c纯品(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9-(3-(4-((4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)(p-trideuteriomethylbenzene)amino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(13.62g,收率49.6%),MS(EI):787(M+);
(2)
将化合物6-c(13g,787.42g/mol,16.51mmol)加入到异丙醇(130ml,与化合物6-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(130ml,与化合物6-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(55)(N1-(2,7-di-tert-butylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]furan]-6'-yl)-N4,N4-diphenyl-N1-(p-trideuteriomethylbenzene)benzene-1,4diamine)(12.49g,收率98.4%),MS(EI):769(M+)。
空穴传输材料(55)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.15-8.06(d,2H),7.66-7.58(d,3H),7.51-7.43(d,3H),7.35-7.29(m,4H),7.05-6.92(d,2H),6.90-6.81(m,2H),6.70-6.63(m,5H),6.57-6.50(m,3H),6.44-6.40(d,1H),6.36-6.28(s,4H),1.30-1.24(s,18H)。
实施例7:
空穴传输材料(57)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物7-a(4-(2-bromofuran-3-yl)-N,N-diphenylaniline)(20g,389g/mol,51.41mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物7-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,56.55mmol,22.62ml),反应30min后,将化合物7-b(2,6-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,292.18g/mol,51.41mmol,15.02g)、无水THF(150ml,与化合物7-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(350ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(350ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物7c纯品(2,6-di-tert-butyl-9-(3-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(16.34g,收率52.7%),MS(EI):603(M+);
(2)
将化合物7-c(16g,603.31g/mol,26.52mmol)加入到异丙醇(160ml,与化合物7-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(160ml,与化合物7-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(57)(2,6-di-tert-butyl-N,N-diphenylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]furan]-6'-amine)(15.44g,收率99.5%),MS(EI):585(M+)。
空穴传输材料(57)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.06-7.99(s,1H),7.94-7.86(d,1H),7.77-7.69(d,2H),7.55-7.46(m,3H),7.38-7.31(d,1H),7.25-7.20(m,4H),6.93-6.84(m,2H),6.71-6.63(m,5H),6.58-6.53(d,1H),6.44-6.37(d,1H),1.42-1.35(s,18H)。
实施例8:
空穴传输材料(60)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物8-a(N-(4-(2-bromofuran-3-yl)phenyl)-N-phenyl-[1,1':4',1”-terphenyl]-4-amine)(20g,541.1g/mol,36.96mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物8-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,40.66mmol,16.26ml),反应30min后,将化合物8-b(3,6-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,332.12g/mol,36.96mmol,12.28g)、无水THF(122.8ml,与化合物8-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(322.8ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(322.8ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物8-c纯品(9-(3-(4-([1,1':4',1”-terphenyl]-4-yl(phenyl)amino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-3,6-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(14.19g,收率48.3%),MS(EI):795(M+);
(2)
将化合物8-c(14g,795.31g/mol,17.6mmol)加入到异丙醇(140ml,与化合物8-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(140ml,与化合物8-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(60)(N-([1,1':4',1”-terphenyl]-4-yl)-N,3,6-triphenylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]furan]-6'-amine)(13.54g,收率99%),MS(EI):777(M+)。
空穴传输材料(60)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.10-8.03(s,2H),7.64-7.52(m,23H),7.33-7.26(m,6H),7.10-7.03(m,1H),6.85-6.77(m,5H),6.52-6.48(d,1H),6.41-6.37(d,1H)。
实施例9:
空穴传输材料(73)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物9-a(4-(2-bromothiophen-3-yl)-N,N-diphenylaniline)(20g,405g/mol,49.38mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物9-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,54.32mmol,21.73ml),反应30min后,将化合物9-b(3,6-divinyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,232.09g/mol,49.38mmol,11.46g)、无水THF(114.6ml,与化合物9-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(314.6ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(314.6ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物9-c纯品(9-(3-(4-(diphenylamino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-3,6-divinyl-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(15.13g,收率54.8%),MS(EI):559(M+);
(2)
将化合物9-c(15g,559.2g/mol,26.82mmol)加入到异丙醇(150ml,与化合物9-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(150ml,与化合物9-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(73)(N,N-diphenyl-3,6-divinylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]thiophen]-6'-amine)(14.42g,收率99.4%),MS(EI):541(M+)。
空穴传输材料(73)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=7.96-7.88(s,2H),7.94-7.86(d,1H),7.64-7.55(d,2H),7.50-7.42(d,1H),7.36-7.28(m,2H),7.22-7.15(m,4H),7.10-7.01(d,1H),6.88-6.76(m,2H),6.58-6.53(m,7H),6.50-6.42(d,1H),5.74-5.66(d,2H),5.12-5.05(d,2H)。
实施例10:
空穴传输材料(87)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物10-a(N-(3-(2-bromothiophen-3-yl)phenyl)-N-phenyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-amine)(20g,481.05g/mol,41.58mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物10-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,45.74mmol,18.3ml),反应30min后,将化合物10-b(3,6-dicyclobutyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,288.15g/mol,41.58mmol,11.98g)、无水THF(119.8ml,与化合物10-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(319.8ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(319.8ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物10-c纯品(9-(3-(3-([1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl(phenyl)amino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-3,6-dicyclobutyl-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(15.2g,收率52.9%),MS(EI):691(M+);
(2)
将化合物10-c(15g,691.29g/mol,21.7mmol)加入到异丙醇(150ml,与化合物10-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(150ml,与化合物10-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(87)(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)-3,6-dicyclobutyl-N-phenylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]thiophen]-5'-amine)(14.37g,收率98.4%),MS(EI):673(M+)。
空穴传输材料(87)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.03-7.96(s,2H),7.82-7.73(m,7H),7.20-7.11(m,9H),6.96-6.83(m,3H),6.70-6.63(m,3H),6.54-6.42(d,1H),3.76-3.70(m,2H),2.43-2.36(m,8H),1.94-1.87(m,4H)。
实施例11:
空穴传输材料(100)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物11-a(N-(4-(2-bromofuran-3-yl)phenyl)-N-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-9,9'-spirobi[fluoren]-3-amine)(20g,743.18g/mol,26.91mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物11-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,29.6mmol,11.84ml),反应30min后,将化合物11-b(9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,180g/mol,26.91mmol,4.84g)、无水THF(48.4ml,与化合物11-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(248.4ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(248.4ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物11-c纯品(9-(3-(4-(9,9'-spirobi[fluoren]-3-yl(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)amino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(8.23g,收率36.2%),MS(EI):845(M+);
(2)
将化合物11-c(8g,845.33g/mol,9.46mmol)加入到异丙醇(80ml,与化合物11-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(80ml,与化合物11-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(100)(N-(9,9'-spirobi[fluoren]-3-yl)-N-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)spiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]furan]-6'-amine)(7.6g,收率97.1%),MS(EI):827(M+)。
空穴传输材料(100)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=7.95-7.88(d,4H),7.83-7.75(d,2H),7.62-7.54(m,6H),7.40-7.28(m,16H),7.19-7.12(s,1H),6.88-6.79(s,1H),6.63-6.55(m,2H),6.51-6.42(m,3H),1.77-1.72(s,6H)。
实施例12:
空穴传输材料(108)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物12-a(N-(4-(2-bromothiophen-3-yl)phenyl)-N-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)phenanthren-3-amine)(20g,621.11g/mol,32.2mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物12-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,35.42mmol,14.17ml),反应30min后,将化合物12-b(2-(tert-butyl)-6-phenyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,312.15g/mol,32.2mmol,10.05g)、无水THF(100.5ml,与化合物12-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(300.5ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(300.5ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物12-c纯品(2-(tert-butyl)-9-(3-(4-((9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)(phenanthren-3-yl)amino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-6-phenyl-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(11.02g,收率40.8%),MS(EI):839(M+);
(2)
将化合物12-c(10g,839.38g/mol,11.91mmol)加入到异丙醇(100ml,与化合物12-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(100ml,与化合物12-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(108)(2-(tert-butyl)-N-(9,9-dimethyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-N-(phenanthren-3-yl)-6-phenylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]thiophen]-6'-amine)(9.8g,收率98.3%),MS(EI):837(M+)。
空穴传输材料(108)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.91-8.84(d,1H),8.23-8.14(m,3H),7.94-7.83(m,5H),7.70-7.63(s,2H),7.62-7.41(m,14H),7.32-7.18(m,1H),7.11-7.05(m,1H),7.00-6.93(m,1H),6.76-6.69(s,1H),6.60-6.52(d,2H),6.48-6.43(d,1H),1.87-1.77(s,6H),1.33-1.26(s,9H)。
实施例13:
空穴传输材料(110)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物13-a(N-(4-(2-bromothiophen-3-yl)phenyl)-N-phenyldibenzo[b,d]thiophen-2-amine)(20g,511g/mol,39.14mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物13-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,43.05mmol,17.22ml),反应30min后,将化合物13-b(3,6-diisopentyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,320.21g/mol,39.14mmol,12.53g)、无水THF(125.3ml,与化合物13-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(325.3ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(325.3ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物13-c纯品(9-(3-(4-(dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-2-yl(phenyl)amino)phenyl)thiophen-2-yl)-3,6-diisopentyl-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(12.47g,收率42.3%),MS(EI):753(M+);
(2)
将化合物13-c(12g,753.31g/mol,15.93mmol)加入到异丙醇(120ml,与化合物13-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(120ml,与化合物13-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(110)(N-(dibenzo[b,d]thiophen-2-yl)-3,6-diisopentyl-N-phenylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]thiophen]-6'-amine)(11.31g,收率96.6%),MS(EI):735(M+)。
空穴传输材料(110)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.62-8.55(d,1H),8.07-7.99(d,1H),7.83-7.74(m,3H),7.62-7.55(d,1H),7.51-7.43(m,4H),7.39-7.30(m,2H),7.22-7.13(m,5H),6.86-6.81(m,2H),6.69-6.60(m,3H),6.54-6.47(d,1H),2.82-2.73(t,4H),1.66-1.57(m,6H),1.07-0.97(s,12H)。
实施例14:
空穴传输材料(121)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物14-a(N-(4-(2-bromobenzofuran-3-yl)phenyl)-N-phenyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-3-amine)(20g,515.09g/mol,38.83mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物14-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,42.71mmol,17.09ml),反应30min后,将化合物14-b(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,292.18g/mol,38.83mmol,11.34g)、无水THF(113.4ml,与化合物14-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(313.4ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(313.4ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物14-c纯品(9-(3-(4-([1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl(phenyl)amino)phenyl)benzofuran-2-yl)-2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(13.98g,收率49.4%),MS(EI):729(M+);
(2)
将化合物14-c(13g,729.36g/mol,17.82mmol)加入到异丙醇(130ml,与化合物14-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(130ml,与化合物14-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(121)(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-3-yl)-2,7-di-tert-butyl-N-phenylspiro[fluorene-9,6'-indeno[2,1-b]benzofuran]-8'-amine)(12.45g,收率98.3%),MS(EI):711(M+)。
空穴传输材料(121)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=7.96-7.85(d,1H),7.81-7.73(d,2H),7.70-7.66(d,1H),7.58-7.51(d,2H),7.48-7.33(m,11H),7.23-7.17(m,2H),6.89-6.81(m,3H),6.63-6.52(m,4H),6.50-6.43(d,1H),1.49-1.37(s,18H)。
实施例15:
空穴传输材料(135)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物15-a(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-N-(4-(2-bromobenzo[b]thiophen-3-yl)phenyl)-9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-3-amine)(20g,771.16g/mol,25.93mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物15-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M/L,1.1eq,28.52mmol,11.41ml),反应30min后,将化合物15-b(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,292.18g/mol,25.93mmol,7.58g)、无水THF(75.8ml,与化合物15-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(275.8ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(275.8ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物15-c纯品(9-(3-(4-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl(9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-3-yl)amino)phenyl)benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl)-2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(10.14g,收率39.7%),MS(EI):985(M+);
(2)
将化合物15-c(10g,985.43g/mol,10.15mmol)加入到异丙醇(100ml,与化合物15-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(100ml,与化合物15-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(135)(N-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-2',7'-di-tert-butyl-N-(9,9-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-3-yl)spiro[benzo[b]indeno[1,2-d]thiophene-6,9'-fluoren]-8-amine)(9.57g,收率97.5%),MS(EI):967(M+)。
空穴传输材料(135)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.50-8.42(d,1H),8.11-8.03(d,1H),7.95-7.87(d,1H),7.79-7.73(d,2H),7.58-7.50(m,11H),7.41-7.26(m,13H),7.20-7.11(d,4H),7.04-6.95(s,1H),6.68-6.57(d,2H),6.53-6.47(d,1H),6.44-6.36(d,2H),1.35-1.30(s,18H)。
实施例16:
空穴传输材料(137)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物16-a(N-(4-(2-bromofuran-3-yl)phenyl)-N-phenyl-[1,1':2',1”-terphenyl]-4'-amine)(20g,541.1g/mol,36.96mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物16-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M,1.1eq,40.66mmol,16.26ml),反应30min后,将化合物16-b(2-(tert-butyl)-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,236.12g/mol,36.96mmol,8.73g)、无水THF(87.3ml,与化合物16-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(287.3ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(287.3ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物16-c纯品(9-(3-(4-([1,1':2',1”-terphenyl]-4'-yl(phenyl)amino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-2-(tert-butyl)-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(10.64g,收率41.2%),MS(EI):699(M+);
(2)
将化合物16-c(10g,699g/mol,14.31mmol)加入到异丙醇(100ml,与化合物16-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(100ml,与化合物16-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(137)(N-([1,1':2',1”-terphenyl]-4'-yl)-2-(tert-butyl)-N-phenylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]furan]-6'-amine)(9.69g,收率99.4%),MS(EI):681(M+)。
空穴传输材料(137)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=8.22-8.14(d,1H),8.08-7.96(d,5H),7.80-7.69(m,8H),7.56-7.44(m,5H),7.33-7.22(m,3H),7.05-6.98(s,1H),6.86-6.81(d,1H),6.72-6.66(m,4H),6.50-6.43(d,1H),6.37-6.32(d,1H),1.40-1.32(s,9H)。
实施例17:
空穴传输材料(139)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物17-a(N-(4-(2-bromofuran-3-yl)phenyl)-N-phenyl-[1,1':2',1”-terphenyl]-4'-amine)(20g,541.1g/mol,36.96mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物17-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M,1.1eq,40.66mmol,16.26ml),反应30min后,将化合物17-b(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,292.18g/mol,36.96mmol,10.8g)、无水THF(108ml,与化合物17-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(308ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(308ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物17-c纯品(9-(3-(4-([1,1':2',1”-terphenyl]-4'-yl(phenyl)amino)phenyl)furan-2-yl)-2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-ol)(12.17g,收率43.6%),MS(EI):755(M+);
(2)
将化合物17-c(10g,755.38g/mol,13.24mmol)加入到异丙醇(100ml,与化合物17-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(100ml,与化合物17-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(139)(N-([1,1':2',1”-terphenyl]-4'-yl)-2,7-di-tert-butyl-N-phenylspiro[fluorene-9,8'-indeno[2,1-b]furan]-6'-amine)(9.66g,收率99%),MS(EI):737(M+)。
空穴传输材料(139)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=7.95-7.83(d,6H),7.71-7.60(d,8H),7.55-7.47(d,5H),7.30-7.25(m,2H),7.08-7.01(s,1H),6.95-6.88(m,1H),6.76-6.65(d,4H),6.60-6.54(d,1H),6.50-6.45(d,1H),1.38-1.33(s,18H)。
实施例18:
空穴传输材料(154)的合成方法如下:
(1)
氮气保护下将化合物18-a(20g,598.17g/mol,33.43mmol)、无水THF(200ml,与化合物18-a的v/m=10)加入到反应瓶中,液氮降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂的正己烷溶液(2.5M,1.1eq,36.77mmol,14.71ml),反应30min后,将化合物18-b(2,7-di-tert-butyl-9H-fluoren-9-one)(1eq,292.18g/mol,33.43mmol,9.77g)、无水THF(97.7ml,与化合物18-b的v/m=10)混匀后滴入,-78℃下继续反应2h,然后再加入饱和氯化铵溶液(297.7ml,与THF总体积相同)淬灭,缓慢恢复室温后加入二氯甲烷(297.7ml,与THF体积相同)萃取分液,二氯甲烷相分出后多次水洗,无水硫酸钠干燥,减压浓缩后经过柱层析提纯即可得到化合物18-c纯品(9.64g,收率35.5%),MS(EI):812(M+);
(2)
将化合物18-c(9g,812g/mol,11.08mmol)加入到异丙醇(90ml,与化合物18-c的v/m=10)中,再滴加1%的稀盐酸(90ml,与化合物18-c的v/m=10),加热共沸反应5h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,得到空穴传输材料(156)(8.6g,收率97.7%),MS(EI):794(M+)。
空穴传输材料(154)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=7.90-7.87(m,1H),7.85-7.79(d,2H),7.72-7.64(m,6H),7.48-7.41(m,9H),7.24-7.16(m,1H),7.06-6.97(m,1H),6.88-6.80(d,1H),6.69-6.61(m,1H),6.57-6.50(m,2H),6.48-6.43(m,1H),6.38-6.33(d,1H),1.77-1.73(s,6H),1.35-1.30(s,18H)。
实施例19:
空穴传输材料(158)的合成方法与空穴传输材料(154)基本相同,区别在于,将替换为得到空穴传输材料(158),MS(EI):844(M+)。
空穴传输材料(158)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=7.85-7.80(m,2H),7.76-7.71(d,2H),7.60-7.54(m,6H),7.38-7.28(m,11H),7.20-7.14(m,1H),6.99-6.92(m,1H),6.81-6.75(s,1H),6.66-6.59(d,1H),6.51-6.43(m,2H),6.24-6.18(d,1H),170-1.65(s,6H),1.28-1.23(s,18H)。
实施例20:
空穴传输材料(162)的合成方法与空穴传输材料(158)基本相同,区别在于,将替换为得到空穴传输材料(162),MS(EI):788(M+)。
空穴传输材料(162)的核磁共振氢谱数据如下:
1HNMR(DMSO,300HZ):δ(ppm)=7.94-7.89(d,3H),7.77-7.71(d,1H),7.62-7.53(m,6H),7.41-7.28(m,11H),7.20-7.12(m,1H),6.88-6.83(m,1H),6.77-6.71(s,1H),6.66-6.60(m,1H),6.53-6.45(m,2H),6.39-6.34(m,1H),1.70-1.66(s,6H),1.33-1.28(s,9H)。
性能测试:
应用例1:
采用ITO作为反射层阳极基板材料,并依次用水、丙酮、N2等离子对其进行表面处理;在ITO阳极基板上方,沉积厚度为10nm的HAT-CN形成空穴注入层(HIL);在空穴注入层(HIL)上方蒸镀本发明实施例1中的空穴传输材料1形成厚度为120nm的空穴传输层(HTL);
将9,10-Bis(2-naphthyl)anthraces(ADN)作为蓝光主体材料、BD-1作为蓝光掺杂材料(BD-1用量为ADN重量的5%)以不同速率蒸发在空穴传输层(HTL)上形成厚度为20nm的发光层;
将ETM和LiQ以1:1的比例混合蒸镀得到厚度为35nm的电子传输层(ETL),在电子传输层(ETL)上方蒸镀厚度为2nm的LiQ形成电子注入层(EIL);
此后将镁(Mg)和银(Ag)以9:1的比例混合蒸镀得到厚度为15nm的阴极,在上述阴极封口层上沉积65纳米厚度的DNTPD,此外,在阴极表面以UV硬化胶合剂和含有除湿剂的封装薄膜(seal cap)进行密封,以保护有机电致发光器件不被大气中的氧气或水分所影响至此制备获得有机电致发光器件。
应用例2-20
分别以本发明实施例2-20中的空穴传输材料2、24、48、51、55、57、60、73、87、100、108、110、121、135、137、139、154、158、162作为空穴传输层(HTL),其他部分与应用例1一致,据此制作出应用例2-20的有机电致发光器件。
对照例1、2
与应用例1的区别在于,使用TAPC、TPD代替本发明空穴传输材料(1)作为空穴传输层(HTL),其余与应用例1相同。上述应用例制造的有机电致发光器件及对照例制造的有机电致发光器件的特性是在电流密度为10mA/cm2的条件下测定的,结果如表1所示。
表1:
由如上表1的实验对比数据可知,采用本发明的空穴传输材料制备的有机电致发光器件与对照例相比,电压大幅度降低,发光效率显著提高。由此可见,本发明的化合物能使器件的驱动电压大大降低,大幅度减少了电能的消耗、显著提高了发光效率。另外通过降低驱动电压,有机电致发光器件的寿命有显著提高。
Claims (7)
1.一种空穴传输材料,其特征在于,其结构式如下式所示:
其中,a为稠合的取代或未取代的苯环;
R1、R2各自独立的为苯基、甲苯基、三氘甲基苯基、联苯基、三联苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基、芴基、氧芴基、9,9-二甲基芴基、9,9'-螺二芴、9,9-二苯基芴基、二苯并噻吩基、N-苯基咔唑基、邻二苯基苯基、三氘甲基联苯基、甲基联苯基、三苯胺基;
R3、R4为叔丁基;
W为O或S;
m为0。
2.如权利要求1所述的空穴传输材料,其特征在于,所述空穴传输材料为以下结构式化合物中的任意一种:
3.如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的空穴传输材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)
在惰性气体保护下,将化合物Ⅰ、无水THF加入到反应瓶中,降温至-78℃,滴加正丁基锂,反应20~40min后,将化合物Ⅱ、无水THF混匀后滴入,在-78℃下继续反应1~3h,加入饱和氯化铵溶液淬灭后缓慢恢复至室温,加入二氯甲烷萃取分液,水洗干燥后减压浓缩得到化合物Ⅲ的粗品,经过柱层析提纯后得到精制后的化合物Ⅲ;
(2)
将化合物Ⅲ加入到异丙醇中,再滴加盐酸,加热共沸反应4~6h后减压蒸馏脱异丙醇,抽滤,即可得到所述空穴传输材料。
4.如权利要求1-2中任一项所述的空穴传输材料在制备有机电致发光器件中的应用。
5.一种有机电致发光器件,其特征在于,包括阴极、阳极、发光层和空穴传输层,所述空穴传输层含有如权利要求1-2中的任一项所述的空穴传输材料。
6.一种照明装置,其特征在于,含有如权利要求5所述的有机电致发光器件。
7.一种电子显示装置,其特征在于,含有如权利要求5所述的有机电致发光器件。
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