CN112385775B - 一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法 - Google Patents

一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法 Download PDF

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CN112385775B
CN112385775B CN202011241180.4A CN202011241180A CN112385775B CN 112385775 B CN112385775 B CN 112385775B CN 202011241180 A CN202011241180 A CN 202011241180A CN 112385775 B CN112385775 B CN 112385775B
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杨立健
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Abstract

本发明属于大米加工技术领域,尤其是一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法,解决了现有技术中大米口感及营养成分单一,杂粮口感粗糙,且不易被消化等问题,所述营养保健大米的生产加工方法,包括以下步骤:S1、将亚麻籽、黑豆和碎米,分别洗净、干燥并粉碎;S2、将亚麻籽粉、黑豆粉和大米粉混合后,加水和麦芽糖醇继续混合得混合浆液;S3、将混合浆液经喷雾干燥后造粒、抛光制得保健大米。本发明采用亚麻籽、黑豆和碎米为原料,通过加入麦芽糖醇混合造粒,加抛光剂抛光制成保健大米,所得大米蛋白质含量高、钙含量高,富含人体所需的维生素、必需氨基酸及微量元素,营养物质丰富,保健价值高,口感好,易消化。

Description

一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法
技术领域
本发明涉及大米加工技术领域,尤其涉及一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法。
背景技术
大米口感好、易消化,长久以来都是人们的主食,但大米单一的口感及营养成分已不能满足所有人对主食的需求。随着人们生活水平的不断提高,粮食的内在品质、营养价值正日益被人们所重视,食用优质、安全的营养保健大米已成为当今人们的迫切需要。
糖尿病是当前威胁全球人类健康最重要的非传染性疾病之一。快速城市化、不健康的饮食和日益久坐的生活方式导致了前所未闻的高肥胖率和糖尿病发病率。糖尿病作为一种长期慢性疾病,除了药物和或胰岛素治疗外,更重要的是包括饮食营养在内的生活方式的调节和管理。现实生活中,糖尿病患者为控制血糖,主食多以各种杂粮为主,虽然杂粮营养丰富,含有丰富的纤维素、维生素、矿物质等营养成分,但杂粮口感较粗糙,且不易被消化,因此急需一种适合糖尿病人群食用的保健大米。基于上述陈述,本发明提出了一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决现有技术中大米口感及营养成分单一,杂粮口感粗糙,且不易被消化等问题,而提出的一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法。
一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、筛选颗粒饱满的亚麻籽和黑豆,分别洗净、干燥并粉碎得亚麻籽粉和黑豆粉,选取大米加工过程中的碎米为原料,将碎米洗净去杂后干燥,将干燥后的碎米粉碎,得大米粉;
S2、将亚麻籽粉、黑豆粉和大米粉混合均匀后得混合干粉,在40-70℃的温度下,将混合干粉加水混匀后打浆,加入麦芽糖醇,
继续混合均匀得混合浆液;
S3、将混合浆液经喷雾干燥后造粒、过筛得粒径均匀的米粒,将米粒加入到大米抛光机的抛光室中,在温度为35-47℃,压力为0.08-0.2MPa的条件下,加抛光液抛光制得保健大米。
优选的,所述步骤S1中亚麻籽、黑豆和碎米的干燥温度均为58-78℃。
优选的,所述步骤S1中亚麻籽、黑豆和碎米的粉碎粒径均为0.01-0.1mm。
优选的,所述步骤S2中亚麻籽粉、黑豆粉和大米粉的质量比为1:5-7:15-18。
优选的,所述步骤S2中混合干粉、水和麦芽糖醇的质量比为1:3-5:0.003-0.008。
优选的,所述步骤S3中抛光液的加入量为29-37L/h。
优选的,所述步骤S3中抛光液由质量比为1:8-12的抛光剂与水混合而得。
优选的,所述抛光剂由以下方法制备而得:将绿茶粉碎后加入绿茶质量2-7%的由β-葡萄糖酶和蛋白酶组合成的复合酶,在水溶液中进行酶解,旋转蒸发后离心即得抛光剂。
本发明提出的一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法,具有以下有益效果:
1、本发明采用亚麻籽、黑豆和碎米为原料,通过加入麦芽糖醇混合造粒,加抛光剂抛光制成保健大米,所得大米蛋白质含量高、钙含量高,富含人体所需的维生素、必需氨基酸及微量元素,营养物质丰富,保健价值高,口感好,易消化。
2、本发明通过将绿茶酶解后用作大米抛光剂,能够有效改善大米的表面光洁度,延缓大米陈化时间,增加大米储存期;保健大米中麦芽糖醇的加入,能够有效改善大米口感,进而增强食欲,尤其是能满足糖尿病人对甜味的需求,除此之外,麦芽糖醇还能够与抛光剂起到协同增效的作用,进一步延缓大米陈化时间。
3、本发明选取大米加工过程中的碎米为原料,将碎米与亚麻籽、黑豆混合造粒制成保健大米,大大的提高了碎米的市场利用价值,所得保健大米加工方法简单,加工成本低,保健成分含量高,营养价值高,制得推广。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步解说。
实施例一
本发明提出的一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、筛选颗粒饱满的亚麻籽和黑豆,分别洗净、干燥并粉碎得粒径均为0.01mm的亚麻籽粉和黑豆粉,干燥温度均为58℃,选取大米加工过程中的碎米为原料,将碎米洗净去杂后干燥,干燥温度均为58℃,将干燥后的碎米粉碎,得粒径均为0.01mm的大米粉;
S2、按质量比1:5:15,将亚麻籽粉、黑豆粉和大米粉混合均匀后得混合干粉,在40℃的温度下,将混合干粉加水混匀后打浆,加入麦芽糖醇,继续混合均匀得混合浆液,其中混合干粉、水和麦芽糖醇的质量比为1:3:0.003;
S3、将混合浆液经喷雾干燥后造粒、过筛得粒径均匀的米粒,将米粒加入到大米抛光机的抛光室中,在温度为35℃,压力为0.08MPa的条件下,加抛光液抛光制得保健大米,抛光液的加入量为29L/h;抛光液由质量比为1:8的抛光剂与水混合而得;
抛光剂由以下方法制备而得:将绿茶粉碎后加入绿茶质量2%的由β-葡萄糖酶和蛋白酶组合成的复合酶,在水溶液中进行酶解,旋转蒸发后离心即得抛光剂。
经检测,本实施例制备的保健大米在温度不超过25℃,湿度不超过20%的条件下,储存周期为60月,且大米表面光泽度和气味均无明显变化,大米酸度值无增加。
实施例二
本发明提出的一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、筛选颗粒饱满的亚麻籽和黑豆,分别洗净、干燥并粉碎得粒径均为0.05mm的亚麻籽粉和黑豆粉,干燥温度均为68℃,选取大米加工过程中的碎米为原料,将碎米洗净去杂后干燥,干燥温度均为68℃,将干燥后的碎米粉碎,得粒径均为0.05mm的大米粉;
S2、按质量比1:6:16.5,将亚麻籽粉、黑豆粉和大米粉混合均匀后得混合干粉,在55℃的温度下,将混合干粉加水混匀后打浆,加入麦芽糖醇,继续混合均匀得混合浆液,其中混合干粉、水和麦芽糖醇的质量比为1:4:0.005;
S3、将混合浆液经喷雾干燥后造粒、过筛得粒径均匀的米粒,将米粒加入到大米抛光机的抛光室中,在温度为41℃,压力为0.14MPa的条件下,加抛光液抛光制得保健大米,抛光液的加入量为33L/h;抛光液由质量比为1:10的抛光剂与水混合而得;
抛光剂由以下方法制备而得:将绿茶粉碎后加入绿茶质量5%的由β-葡萄糖酶和蛋白酶组合成的复合酶,在水溶液中进行酶解,旋转蒸发后离心即得抛光剂。
经检测,本实施例制备的保健大米在温度不超过25℃,湿度不超过20%的条件下,储存周期为62月,且大米表面光泽度和气味均无明显变化,大米酸度值无增加。
实施例三
本发明提出的一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、筛选颗粒饱满的亚麻籽和黑豆,分别洗净、干燥并粉碎得粒径均为0.1mm的亚麻籽粉和黑豆粉,干燥温度均为78℃,选取大米加工过程中的碎米为原料,将碎米洗净去杂后干燥,干燥温度均为78℃,将干燥后的碎米粉碎,得粒径均为0.1mm的大米粉;
S2、按质量比1:7:18,将亚麻籽粉、黑豆粉和大米粉混合均匀后得混合干粉,在70℃的温度下,将混合干粉加水混匀后打浆,加入麦芽糖醇,继续混合均匀得混合浆液,其中混合干粉、水和麦芽糖醇的质量比为1:5:0.008;
S3、将混合浆液经喷雾干燥后造粒、过筛得粒径均匀的米粒,将米粒加入到大米抛光机的抛光室中,在温度为47℃,压力为0.2MPa的条件下,加抛光液抛光制得保健大米,抛光液的加入量为37L/h;抛光液由质量比为1:12的抛光剂与水混合而得;
抛光剂由以下方法制备而得:将绿茶粉碎后加入绿茶质量7%的由β-葡萄糖酶和蛋白酶组合成的复合酶,在水溶液中进行酶解,旋转蒸发后离心即得抛光剂。
经检测,本实施例制备的保健大米在温度不超过25℃,湿度不超过20%的条件下,储存周期为60月,且大米表面光泽度和气味均无明显变化,大米酸度值无增加。
对比例一
本发明提出的一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、筛选颗粒饱满的亚麻籽和黑豆,分别洗净、干燥并粉碎得粒径均为0.01mm的亚麻籽粉和黑豆粉,干燥温度均为58℃,选取大米加工过程中的碎米为原料,将碎米洗净去杂后干燥,干燥温度均为58℃,将干燥后的碎米粉碎,得粒径均为0.01mm的大米粉;
S2、按质量比1:5:15,将亚麻籽粉、黑豆粉和大米粉混合均匀后得混合干粉,在40℃的温度下,将混合干粉加水混匀后打浆,得混合浆液,其中混合干粉和水的质量比为1:3;
S3、将混合浆液经喷雾干燥后造粒、过筛得粒径均匀的米粒,将米粒加入到大米抛光机的抛光室中,在温度为35℃,压力为0.08MPa的条件下,加抛光液抛光制得保健大米,抛光液的加入量为29L/h;抛光液由质量比为1:8的抛光剂与水混合而得;
抛光剂由以下方法制备而得:将绿茶粉碎后加入绿茶质量2%的由β-葡萄糖酶和蛋白酶组合成的复合酶,在水溶液中进行酶解,旋转蒸发后离心即得抛光剂。
经检测,本对比例制备的保健大米在温度不超过25℃,湿度不超过20%的条件下,储存周期为54月;大米储存60个月时,表面光泽变暗,但无起毛,大米清香味均减退,大米酸度值增加。
对比例二
本发明提出的一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、筛选颗粒饱满的亚麻籽和黑豆,分别洗净、干燥并粉碎得粒径均为0.01mm的亚麻籽粉和黑豆粉,干燥温度均为58℃,选取大米加工过程中的碎米为原料,将碎米洗净去杂后干燥,干燥温度均为58℃,将干燥后的碎米粉碎,得粒径均为0.01mm的大米粉;
S2、按质量比1:5:15,将亚麻籽粉、黑豆粉和大米粉混合均匀后得混合干粉,在40℃的温度下,将混合干粉加水混匀后打浆,加入麦芽糖醇,继续混合均匀得混合浆液,其中混合干粉、水和麦芽糖醇的质量比为1:3:0.003;
S3、将混合浆液经喷雾干燥后造粒、过筛得粒径均匀的米粒,将米粒加入到大米抛光机的抛光室中,在温度为35℃,压力为0.08MPa的条件下,加水抛光制得保健大米,水的加入量为29L/h。
经检测,本对比例制备的保健大米在温度不超过25℃,湿度不超过20%的条件下,储存周期为48月;大米储存60个月时,表面光泽变暗,米粒起筋,但无起毛,大米清香味消失,有轻微不良气味,大米酸度值增加。
对比例三
本发明提出的一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、筛选颗粒饱满的亚麻籽和黑豆,分别洗净、干燥并粉碎得粒径均为0.01mm的亚麻籽粉和黑豆粉,干燥温度均为58℃,选取大米加工过程中的碎米为原料,将碎米洗净去杂后干燥,干燥温度均为58℃,将干燥后的碎米粉碎,得粒径均为0.01mm的大米粉;
S2、按质量比1:5:15,将亚麻籽粉、黑豆粉和大米粉混合均匀后得混合干粉,在40℃的温度下,将混合干粉加水混匀后打浆,得混合浆液,其中混合干粉和水的质量比为1:3;
S3、将混合浆液经喷雾干燥后造粒、过筛得粒径均匀的米粒,将米粒加入到大米抛光机的抛光室中,在温度为35℃,压力为0.08MPa的条件下,加水抛光制得保健大米,水的加入量为29L/h。
经检测,本对比例制备的保健大米在温度不超过25℃,湿度不超过20%的条件下,储存周期为48月;大米储存60个月时,表面光泽变暗,米粒起筋,但无起毛,大米清香味消失,有轻微不良气味,大米酸度值增加。
由实施例一与对比例二、三检测结果可知:单独添加麦芽糖醇不加抛光剂,无法起到延缓大米陈化时间的作用,大米储藏期短;
由实施例一与对比例一、二检测结果:同时添加麦芽糖醇和抛光剂,能够起到协调增效的作用,与单独添加抛光剂相比,进一步延缓了大米的陈化作用,大米储藏期长。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (1)

1.一种营养保健大米的生产加工方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1、筛选颗粒饱满的亚麻籽和黑豆,分别洗净、干燥并粉碎得亚麻籽粉和黑豆粉,选取大米加工过程中的碎米为原料,将碎米洗净去杂后干燥,将干燥后的碎米粉碎,得大米粉;
S2、将亚麻籽粉、黑豆粉和大米粉混合均匀后得混合干粉,在40-70℃的温度下,将混合干粉加水混匀后打浆,加入麦芽糖醇,继续混合均匀得混合浆液;
S3、将混合浆液经喷雾干燥后造粒、过筛得粒径均匀的米粒,将米粒加入到大米抛光机的抛光室中,在温度为35-47℃,压力为0.08-0.2MPa的条件下,加抛光液抛光制得保健大米;
所述步骤S1中亚麻籽、黑豆和碎米的干燥温度均为58-78℃;
所述步骤S1中亚麻籽、黑豆和碎米的粉碎粒径均为0.01-0.1mm;
所述步骤S2中亚麻籽粉、黑豆粉和大米粉的质量比为1:5-7:15-18;
所述步骤S2中混合干粉、水和麦芽糖醇的质量比为1:3-5:0.003-0.008;
所述步骤S3中抛光液的加入量为29-37L/h;
所述步骤S3中抛光液由质量比为1:8-12的抛光剂与水混合而得;
所述抛光剂由以下方法制备而得:将绿茶粉碎后加入绿茶质量2-7%的由β-葡萄糖酶和蛋白酶组合成的复合酶,在水溶液中进行酶解,旋转蒸发后离心即得抛光剂。
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