CN112314356A - Planting method of oil peonies - Google Patents
Planting method of oil peonies Download PDFInfo
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- CN112314356A CN112314356A CN202011246530.6A CN202011246530A CN112314356A CN 112314356 A CN112314356 A CN 112314356A CN 202011246530 A CN202011246530 A CN 202011246530A CN 112314356 A CN112314356 A CN 112314356A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of oil peonies, which comprises the following steps: s1, treating the land to be planted, carrying out deep ploughing on the land to be planted for 28-30 cm, dividing the land to be planted into a plurality of equally spaced land beds, arranging a plurality of planting holes with the depth of 25-26 cm at intervals along the length direction of each land bed, spreading a bio-organic fertilizer with the thickness of 0.8-1 cm into the planting holes, spreading modified sandy soil with the thickness of 10-14 cm on the surface of the bio-organic fertilizer to obtain a modified sandy soil layer, spreading soil with the thickness of 4-5 cm on the modified sandy soil layer, and standing for 1d to obtain a pretreated land bed; s2, selecting oil peony seedlings in a seedling stage of 3 years, and planting the oil peony seedlings in planting holes respectively, wherein the roots of the oil peony are located in the modified sandy soil layer. The modified sandy soil is used, so that the air permeability of the root of the oil peony is improved, the sterilization effect is achieved, and the rottenness of the root of the oil peony is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of agricultural planting. More specifically, the invention relates to a planting method of oil peonies.
Background
The oil peony is a peony variety with high seed yield, high oil content and high effective components. Paeonia genus plant of Paeonia genus of Paeoniaceae family, wild Paeonia species all over the world, 9 species, and all divided in China. Seed oil of Paeonia ostii (Paeonia ostii) and Paeonia rockii (Paeonia rockii) can be used as a new resource food according to the stipulation of the Ministry of public health of the China, publication No. 9 in 2013. At present, the planting cost of the oil peonies is high, the survival rate is low, and the planting of the oil peonies is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method for planting oil peonies, which can not only increase the air permeability of the oil peonies roots but also perform a sterilization effect and reduce the rotting of the oil peonies roots by using modified sandy soil.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for planting oil peonies, comprising the steps of:
s1, treating to-be-planted
Deeply ploughing a to-be-planted land by 28-30 cm, dividing the land into a plurality of equally-spaced land beds, arranging a plurality of planting holes with the depth of 25-26 cm at intervals along the length direction of each land bed, spreading a biological organic fertilizer with the thickness of 0.8-1 cm into the planting holes, spreading modified sandy soil with the thickness of 10-14 cm on the surface of the biological organic fertilizer to obtain a modified sandy soil layer, spreading soil with the thickness of 4-5 cm on the modified sandy soil layer, and standing for 1d to obtain a pretreated land bed;
the preparation method of the modified sandy soil comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing and crushing aloe, African jasmine, cactus, houttuynia cordata and camphor tree leaves to obtain a first mixed crushed material, taking an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 75% which is 20 times of the total mass of the first mixed crushed material, and then adjusting the pH value of the ethanol solution to 3-4 by using a citric acid solution to obtain a first standby solution, wherein the mass ratio of the aloe, the African jasmine, the cactus, the houttuynia cordata and the camphor tree leaves is 1:1:5:6: 10;
a2, adding the first mixed crushed material into the first standby liquid, performing ultrasonic treatment at 40 ℃ for 10min, heating at 80 ℃ for 5h, filtering to obtain a first filtrate, and removing an ethanol solution under reduced pressure to obtain a first concentrate;
a3, adding water in an amount which is 5 times of the total mass of the first concentrate into the first concentrate, mixing, adjusting the pH to 7-8 by using a 4M potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, extracting by using ethyl acetate, collecting a water phase to obtain a mixed solution, adding water and sandy soil into the mixed solution, and stirring to obtain modified sandy soil with the water content of 22-24 wt%;
s2, selecting oil peony seedlings in a 3-year seedling stage, and planting the oil peony seedlings in planting holes respectively, wherein the roots of the oil peony are located in the modified sandy soil layer.
Preferably, the first day, the fourth day, the tenth day, the twentieth day and the fortieth day after the oil is planted in the S2 are irrigated by using the pepper water diluent, the irrigation amount is 40 mL/plant, wherein the pepper water diluent is prepared by the following steps:
b1, mixing the pepper leaves, the pepper branches, the clove, the buds and the garlic, stir-frying for 20min at 60-80 ℃, adding water 50 times the total mass of the pepper leaves and potassium hydroxide 0.1 times the total mass of the pepper leaves, then leaching for 13 h at a shaking temperature of 75 ℃ and a speed of 150r/min, and filtering to obtain a second filtrate, wherein the pepper branches are cut into 2-3 cm in length, and the mass ratio of the pepper leaves, the pepper branches, the clove, the buds and the garlic is 1:3:1:5: 10;
and B2, adding water with the amount of 600 times of the total mass of the second filtrate into the second filtrate for dilution to obtain the pepper water diluent.
Preferably, chitosan with the amount of 5 times of the total mass of the pepper leaves is also added into the second filtrate.
Preferably, the biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 parts of cow dung, 50 parts of chicken manure, 10 parts of turnip leaves, 1 part of streptomyces flavus, 1.5 parts of yellow plump Phanerochaete, 30 parts of corn straws and 10 parts of pumpkin vines.
Preferably, the nutrient solution is sprayed every 10 days between 3 months and 4 months of the next year, and the nutrient solution is sprayed every 5 days between 5 months and 6 months, wherein the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps:
c1, washing the motherwort, the mint, the galangal, the pepper branches and leaves and the sweet potato leaves with 75% ethanol solution by mass for 3 times, washing with water for 2 times, then freeze-drying and crushing, crushing and sieving to obtain a second mixed crushed material, wherein the ratio of the motherwort to the mint to the galangal to the pepper branches and leaves to the sweet potato leaves is 1:2:1:10: 30;
c2, adding water and phosphoric acid buffer solution in an amount which is 50 times of the total mass of the second mixed and crushed material, performing ultrasonic-microwave synchronous extraction at normal pressure, and filtering to obtain a third filtrate and a third filter residue;
c3, adding acetic acid with the weight being 20 times of the total weight of the third filter residue into the third filter residue, carrying out ultrasonic-microwave synchronous extraction under normal pressure, filtering to obtain a fourth filtrate, removing the acetic acid under reduced pressure to obtain a fourth concentrate, then adding water with the weight being 33 times of the total weight of the fourth concentrate into the fourth concentrate, mixing, adjusting the pH to 7-8 by using 4M potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, finally extracting by using ethyl acetate, and collecting a water phase to obtain an extract;
c4, mixing the third filtrate and the extract, adding 200 times of water, 5 times of fulvic acid and 4 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mixing and dissolving to obtain the nutrient solution.
Preferably, the ultrasonic-microwave simultaneous extraction is performed under the conditions of 0.1MPa and 500W of ultrasonic waves and 780W of microwaves under normal pressure.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the method for planting the oil peony increases the air permeability of the root of the oil peony by using the modified sandy soil, plays a role in sterilization and reduces the rottenness of the root of the oil peony.
Secondly, the modified sandy soil can effectively increase the air permeability of the root of the oil peony and reduce the rot of the root of the oil peony; the mixed solution extracted from the aloe, the jasmine, the cactus, the houttuynia cordata and the camphor tree leaves has the effects of sterilization and disinfection, has a good inhibition effect on fungi and bacteria in soil, and can improve the immunity of the root of the oil peony, thereby reducing the rot of the root of the oil peony; the pH value of the ethanol solution is adjusted to 3-4 by using the ethanol solution and citric acid, and the treatment method is favorable for promoting the release of effective components; the pH value is adjusted to 7-8 by using a 4M potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, and the potassium hydroxide aqueous solution is extracted by using ethyl acetate, so that the method is favorable for improving the water solubility of effective components, is more favorable for the roots of the oil peonies to absorb the effective components, and further has a certain effect on preventing the roots of the oil peonies from rotting.
Thirdly, the zanthoxylum bungeanum aqueous diluent has a certain chelation effect on metal ions by irrigating, N, P, K and trace elements in the soil can be effectively enriched to be supplied to the roots of plants, the growth of the roots and stems of the oil peony is promoted, meanwhile, the zanthoxylum bungeanum aqueous diluent can also effectively protect the roots of the oil peony from being invaded by bacteria in the growth process, and the survival rate of the oil peony is improved; the method comprises the following steps of mixing pepper leaves, pepper branches and stems, clove, common cephalanoplos herb buds and garlic, stir-frying for 20min at 60-80 ℃, wherein the pepper leaves, the pepper branches and stems, the clove, the common cephalanoplos herb buds and the garlic have a sterilization effect on one hand, and the pepper leaves, the pepper branches and stems, the clove, the common cephalanoplos herb buds and the garlic can be effectively removed through stir-frying, so that the protective films on the surfaces of the pepper leaves, the pepper branches and stems, the clove, the common cephalanoplos; the pepper water diluent and the chitosan can promote the growth of the peony root for oil; the addition of 0.1 times of potassium hydroxide is beneficial to promoting the release of effective components.
Fourthly, spraying nutrient solution, and mixing the third filtrate and the extract in the nutrient solution, so that the complexation of fulvic acid and phosphorus can be promoted, the absorption of plants to phosphorus is accelerated, and the oil yield of the oil peonies is improved; the phosphoric acid buffer solution is added in the treatment of the mother grass, the mint, the galangal, the pepper branches and stems and the sweet potato leaves, so that the effective ingredients in the mother grass, the mint, the galangal, the pepper branches and stems and the sweet potato leaves can be extracted, and the synergistic effect of the effective ingredients can effectively promote the complexing effect of fulvic acid and phosphorus; after the pH value of the 4M potassium hydroxide aqueous solution is adjusted to 7-8, the water solubility of the effective components can be improved, and the absorption of the effective components by plants is facilitated.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
< example 1>
The planting method of the oil peonies comprises the following steps:
s1, treating to-be-planted
Deeply ploughing a to-be-planted land by 28-30 cm, dividing the land into a plurality of equally-spaced land beds, arranging a plurality of planting holes with the depth of 25-26 cm at intervals along the length direction of each land bed, spreading a biological organic fertilizer with the thickness of 0.8-1 cm into the planting holes, spreading modified sandy soil with the thickness of 10-14 cm on the surface of the biological organic fertilizer to obtain a modified sandy soil layer, spreading soil with the thickness of 4-5 cm on the modified sandy soil layer, and standing for 1d to obtain a pretreated land bed;
the preparation method of the modified sandy soil comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing and crushing aloe, African jasmine, cactus, houttuynia cordata and camphor tree leaves to obtain a first mixed crushed material, taking an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 75% which is 20 times of the total mass of the first mixed crushed material, and then adjusting the pH value of the ethanol solution to 3-4 by using a citric acid solution to obtain a first standby solution, wherein the mass ratio of the aloe, the African jasmine, the cactus, the houttuynia cordata and the camphor tree leaves is 1:1:5:6: 10;
a2, adding the first mixed crushed material into the first standby liquid, performing ultrasonic treatment at 40 ℃ for 10min, heating at 80 ℃ for 5h, filtering to obtain a first filtrate, and removing an ethanol solution under reduced pressure to obtain a first concentrate;
a3, adding water in an amount which is 5 times of the total mass of the first concentrate into the first concentrate, mixing, adjusting the pH of a 4M potassium hydroxide aqueous solution to 7-8, extracting with ethyl acetate, collecting a water phase to obtain a mixed solution, adding water and sandy soil into the mixed solution, and stirring to obtain modified sandy soil with the water content of 22-24 wt%;
s2, selecting oil peony seedlings in a seedling stage of 3 years, and planting the oil peony seedlings in planting holes respectively, wherein the roots of the oil peony are located in the modified sandy soil layer.
S2, irrigating the first day, the fourth day, the tenth day, the twentieth day and the fortieth day after the oil peony is planted with the pepper water diluent, wherein the irrigation amount is 40 mL/plant, and the preparation method of the pepper water diluent comprises the following steps:
b1, mixing the pepper leaves, the pepper branches, the clove, the buds and the garlic, stir-frying for 20min at 60-80 ℃, adding water 50 times the total mass of the pepper leaves and potassium hydroxide 0.1 times the total mass of the pepper leaves, then leaching for 13 h at a shaking temperature of 75 ℃ and a speed of 150r/min, and filtering to obtain a second filtrate, wherein the pepper branches are cut into 2-3 cm in length, and the mass ratio of the pepper leaves, the pepper branches, the clove, the buds and the garlic is 1:3:1:5: 10;
and B2, adding water with the amount of 600 times of the total mass of the second filtrate into the second filtrate for dilution to obtain the pepper water diluent.
Chitosan with the amount 5 times of the total mass of the pricklyash peel leaves is also added into the second filtrate.
The biological organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 parts of cow dung, 50 parts of chicken manure, 10 parts of turnip leaves, 1 part of streptomyces flavus, 1.5 parts of yellow plump Phanerochaete, 30 parts of corn straws and 10 parts of pumpkin vines.
Spraying the nutrient solution every 10 days between 3 months and 4 months of the next year, and spraying the nutrient solution every 5 days between 5 months and 6 months, wherein the preparation method of the nutrient solution comprises the following steps:
c1, washing the motherwort, the mint, the galangal, the pepper branches and leaves and the sweet potato leaves with 75% ethanol solution by mass for 3 times, washing with water for 2 times, then freeze-drying and crushing, crushing and sieving to obtain a second mixed crushed material, wherein the ratio of the motherwort to the mint to the galangal to the pepper branches and leaves to the sweet potato leaves is 1:2:1:10: 30;
c2, adding water and phosphoric acid buffer solution in an amount which is 50 times of the total mass of the second mixed and crushed material, performing ultrasonic-microwave synchronous extraction at normal pressure, and filtering to obtain a third filtrate and a third filter residue;
c3, adding acetic acid with the weight being 20 times of the total weight of the third filter residue into the third filter residue, carrying out ultrasonic-microwave synchronous extraction under normal pressure, filtering to obtain a fourth filtrate, removing the acetic acid under reduced pressure to obtain a fourth concentrate, then adding water with the weight being 33 times of the total weight of the fourth concentrate into the fourth concentrate, mixing, adjusting the pH to 7-8 by using 4M potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, finally extracting by using ethyl acetate, and collecting a water phase to obtain an extract;
and C4, mixing the third filtrate and the extract, adding 200 times of water, 5 times of fulvic acid and 4 times of monopotassium phosphate by the total mass of the extract, mixing and dissolving to obtain the nutrient solution, wherein the developing agent is petroleum ether and ethyl acetate in a volume ratio of 1:1, and the Rf value of the mixed third filtrate and extract on a thin-layer plate is between 0.2 and 0.7 and is 6 points.
The ultrasonic-microwave synchronous extraction is carried out under the conditions of 0.1MPa, 500W of ultrasonic waves and 780W of microwaves.
< comparative example 1>
The method for planting the peony for oil is carried out according to the method of the embodiment 1, except that the soil to be planted is deeply ploughed for 28-30 cm in S1, then the soil to be planted is divided into a plurality of land plots with equal intervals, a plurality of planting holes with the depth of 25-26 cm are arranged at intervals in the length direction of each land plot, a bio-organic fertilizer with the thickness of 0.8-1 cm is spread in the planting holes, then soil with the thickness of 14-19 cm is spread on the surface of the bio-organic fertilizer, the land plots are kept still for 1d, the pre-treatment land plots are obtained, and the rest of the pre-treatment land plots are unchanged.
< comparative example 2>
Planting peony for oil according to the method of the embodiment 1, except for the treatment method of aloe, african jasmine, cactus, houttuynia cordata and camphor tree leaves, which comprises the following specific steps: mixing and crushing aloe, African jasmine, cactus, houttuynia cordata and camphor tree leaves, adding water which is 20 times of the total mass of the aloe, heating for 5 hours at 100 ℃, filtering and concentrating, adding water and sandy soil, and stirring to obtain modified sandy soil with the water content of 22-24 wt%, wherein the mass ratio of the aloe to the African jasmine, the cactus to the houttuynia cordata to the camphor tree leaves is 1:1:5:6:10, and the balance is unchanged.
< comparative example 3>
Planting oil peony according to the method of example 1, except that pepper water is not used for irrigation, specifically: and (3) irrigating the first day, the fourth day, the tenth day, the twentieth day and the fortieth day of the peony planting of the oil in S2 with water, wherein the irrigation amount is 40 mL/plant, and the rest is unchanged.
< comparative example 4>
Oil peonies were planted according to the method of example 1, except that zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves, zanthoxylum bungeanum branches, clove, common cephalanoplos herb buds, garlic were directly extracted with water, and the rest were unchanged.
< comparative example 5>
Oil peonies were planted according to the method of example 1, except that the nutrient solution was not used, and the rest was not changed.
< comparative example 6>
Planting oil peony according to the method of example 1, except for the treatment method of motherwort, mint, galangal, pepper branches and leaves of sweet potato, which specifically comprises the following steps: the preparation method comprises the steps of cleaning motherwort herb, mint, galangal, pepper branches and stems, and sweet potato leaves with 75% of ethanol solution for 3 times, cleaning with water for 2 times, freeze-drying and crushing, adding 20 times of water by mass of the motherwort herb, heating for 4 hours at 98 ℃, filtering and concentrating to obtain an intermediate product, adding 200 times of water by mass of the intermediate product, 5 times of fulvic acid by mass of the intermediate product, and mixing and dissolving 4 times of monopotassium phosphate to obtain the nutrient solution, wherein the balance is not changed.
Test of
7 groups of oil peonies were planted according to the methods of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 6, each group containing 100 plants, and the remaining conditions were treated according to the conventional oil peonies planting method.
1. Survival rate statistics
After 3 months of planting, counting the number of dead plants of the oil peonies in the groups corresponding to the example 1 and the comparative examples 1-4, and calculating the survival rate, wherein the results are shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 survival rate of oil peony
| Group of | Survival rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 100 |
| Comparative example 1 | 90 |
| Comparative example 2 | 96 |
| Comparative example 3 | 93 |
| Comparative example 4 | 98 |
The result shows that the modified sandy soil and pepper water diluent can effectively promote the growth of the roots and stems of the oil peony and reduce the rottenness of the roots of the oil peony.
3. Oil yield
The oil yield and the unsaturated fatty acid content of the peony for oil in the groups corresponding to example 1 and comparative examples 5 to 6 were counted and calculated, and the results are shown in table 2, wherein supercritical CO was used2Extracting peony seed oil, calculating oil yield and total oil contentThe content of saturated fatty acids;
TABLE 2 oil yield
| Control group | Oil yield | Total unsaturated fatty acid content |
| Example 1 | 49.1％ | 96.5％ |
| Comparative example 5 | 45％ | 95％ |
| Comparative example 6 | 47％ | 95.8％ |
The result shows that the third filtrate in the nutrient solution is mixed with the extract, so that the complexation of fulvic acid and phosphorus can be promoted, the absorption of phosphorus by plants is accelerated, and the oil yield of the oil peony is improved.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable to various fields of endeavor for which the invention may be embodied with additional modifications as would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the invention is therefore not limited to the details given herein and to the embodiments shown and described without departing from the generic concept as defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The planting method of the oil peonies is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, treating to-be-planted
Deeply ploughing a to-be-planted land by 28-30 cm, dividing the land into a plurality of equally-spaced land beds, arranging a plurality of planting holes with the depth of 25-26 cm at intervals along the length direction of each land bed, spreading a biological organic fertilizer with the thickness of 0.8-1 cm into the planting holes, spreading modified sandy soil with the thickness of 10-14 cm on the surface of the biological organic fertilizer to obtain a modified sandy soil layer, spreading soil with the thickness of 4-5 cm on the modified sandy soil layer, and standing for 1d to obtain a pretreated land bed;
the preparation method of the modified sandy soil comprises the following steps:
a1, mixing and crushing aloe, African jasmine, cactus, houttuynia cordata and camphor tree leaves to obtain a first mixed crushed material, taking an ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 75% which is 20 times of the total mass of the first mixed crushed material, and then adjusting the pH value of the ethanol solution to 3-4 by using a citric acid solution to obtain a first standby solution, wherein the mass ratio of the aloe, the African jasmine, the cactus, the houttuynia cordata and the camphor tree leaves is 1:1:5:6: 10;
a2, adding the first mixed crushed material into the first standby liquid, performing ultrasonic treatment at 40 ℃ for 10min, heating at 80 ℃ for 5h, filtering to obtain a first filtrate, and removing an ethanol solution under reduced pressure to obtain a first concentrate;
a3, adding water in an amount which is 5 times of the total mass of the first concentrate into the first concentrate, mixing, adjusting the pH to 7-8 by using a 4M potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, extracting by using ethyl acetate, collecting a water phase to obtain a mixed solution, adding water and sandy soil into the mixed solution, and stirring to obtain modified sandy soil with the water content of 22-24 wt%;
s2, selecting oil peony seedlings in a 3-year seedling stage, and planting the oil peony seedlings in planting holes respectively, wherein the roots of the oil peony are located in the modified sandy soil layer.
2. The method for planting oil peonies according to claim 1, wherein the first day, the fourth day, the tenth day, the twentieth day and the fortieth day after the oil peonies are planted in S2 are irrigated with an amount of pepper water dilution of 40 mL/plant, wherein the pepper water dilution is prepared by:
b1, mixing the pepper leaves, the pepper branches, the clove, the buds and the garlic, stir-frying for 20min at 60-80 ℃, adding water 50 times the total mass of the pepper leaves and potassium hydroxide 0.1 times the total mass of the pepper leaves, then leaching for 13 h at a shaking temperature of 75 ℃ and a speed of 150r/min, and filtering to obtain a second filtrate, wherein the pepper branches are cut into 2-3 cm in length, and the mass ratio of the pepper leaves, the pepper branches, the clove, the buds and the garlic is 1:3:1:5: 10;
and B2, adding water with the amount of 600 times of the total mass of the second filtrate into the second filtrate for dilution to obtain the pepper water diluent.
3. The planting method of oil peonies as claimed in claim 2, wherein chitosan in an amount 5 times of the total mass of the zanthoxylum bungeanum leaves is further added to the second filtrate.
4. The planting method of the oil peonies as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bio-organic fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200 parts of cow dung, 50 parts of chicken manure, 10 parts of turnip leaves, 1 part of streptomyces flavus, 1.5 parts of yellow plump Phanerochaete, 30 parts of corn straws and 10 parts of pumpkin vines.
5. The planting method of oil peonies as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution is sprayed every 10 days between 3 months and 4 months of the following year, and every 5 days between 5 months and 6 months, wherein the nutrient solution is prepared by:
c1, washing the motherwort, the mint, the galangal, the pepper branches and leaves and the sweet potato leaves with 75% ethanol solution by mass for 3 times, washing with water for 2 times, then freeze-drying and crushing, crushing and sieving to obtain a second mixed crushed material, wherein the ratio of the motherwort to the mint to the galangal to the pepper branches and leaves to the sweet potato leaves is 1:2:1:10: 30;
c2, adding water and phosphoric acid buffer solution in an amount which is 50 times of the total mass of the second mixed and crushed material, performing ultrasonic-microwave synchronous extraction at normal pressure, and filtering to obtain a third filtrate and a third filter residue;
c3, adding acetic acid with the weight being 20 times of the total weight of the third filter residue into the third filter residue, carrying out ultrasonic-microwave synchronous extraction under normal pressure, filtering to obtain a fourth filtrate, removing the acetic acid under reduced pressure to obtain a fourth concentrate, then adding water with the weight being 33 times of the total weight of the fourth concentrate into the fourth concentrate, mixing, adjusting the pH to 7-8 by using 4M potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, finally extracting by using ethyl acetate, and collecting a water phase to obtain an extract;
c4, mixing the third filtrate and the extract, adding 200 times of water, 5 times of fulvic acid and 4 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, mixing and dissolving to obtain the nutrient solution.
6. The method for planting peony for oil use according to claim 5, wherein the simultaneous ultrasonic-microwave extraction is performed under the conditions of 0.1MPa, 500W of ultrasonic waves and 780W of microwaves at normal pressure.
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