CN112302177B - Method for protecting river racoon dog cave - Google Patents
Method for protecting river racoon dog cave Download PDFInfo
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- CN112302177B CN112302177B CN202011162244.1A CN202011162244A CN112302177B CN 112302177 B CN112302177 B CN 112302177B CN 202011162244 A CN202011162244 A CN 202011162244A CN 112302177 B CN112302177 B CN 112302177B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 235000004443 Ricinus communis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000000528 Ricinus communis Species 0.000 claims 5
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 241000499489 Castor canadensis Species 0.000 abstract description 23
- 235000011779 Menyanthes trifoliata Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 23
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035929 gnawing Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000700110 Myocastor coypus Species 0.000 description 12
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 8
- 241000700142 Castor Species 0.000 description 8
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000283984 Rodentia Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000205574 Acorus calamus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000383620 Allium mongolicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011996 Calamus deerratus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000700143 Castor fiber Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001090476 Castoreum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010061307 Neck deformity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000251539 Vertebrata <Metazoa> Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003754 fetus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002683 foot Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- 210000000232 gallbladder Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006266 hibernation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001969 hypertrophic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004283 incisor Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006651 lactation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001617 migratory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
- E04B1/3211—Structures with a vertical rotation axis or the like, e.g. semi-spherical structures
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
- E02B7/02—Fixed barrages
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for protecting a castus cave, wherein a castus nest comprises an underwater outlet and an onshore inlet and outlet, a bionic dam is built on a river channel close to the castus nest according to surrounding terrain lines, a still water area is formed upstream of the bionic dam, dead wood branches and soil are arranged on the bionic dam, river water bypasses an arc-shaped bionic dam and is prevented from impacting the castus nest, the length of the bionic dam is determined according to the size of the castus nest, the width of the bionic dam is more than or equal to 1.5m, the height of the bionic dam is 0.5-1.0 m lower than the water surface of the river water, and the dead wood branches are 0.5-1.0 m higher than the water surface of the river water and are covered with the soil. The invention can ensure the water level to be stable, builds the stable aquatic ecological environment for protecting the beaver channel and the beaver cave, forms the still water area after the bionic dam is built, prevents the beaver nest from being washed away by overlarge and urgent water flow, and avoids the beaver from gnawing and falling trees too much to cause the damage of the ecological environment in order to build the dam body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to protection of a nutria, in particular to a method for protecting a cavity of the nutria.
Background
Beaver (Castor fiber): animals belonging to Rodentia of Mammalia, family Heraccoon, genus Heraccoon, 7 subspecies in total, are the largest medium-sized amphibious animals of Rodentia. Belongs to the national first-class protection animal, and is the red record of endangered species in the world nature protection alliance (IUCN) 2008.
The beaver is hypertrophic, has no obvious difference between female and male, and has long and thick needle-like hair and dense and soft hair, yellow-brown needle hair, brown-gray base and hair, dark brown back, and lighter back of head and abdomen. Beaver has short and blunt head, small eyes, short neck, sharp incisors, developed masseter, short and wide limbs, short forelimb, small feet, strong claws, no foreweb, strong and powerful hind limb, and full web between toes, large and flat tail. The adult beaver weighs 17-30 kg, has a body length of 60-100 cm and a tail length of 21-38 cm; the larval beaver is about 30-40 cm long and about 700g in weight.
The beaver likes to move at night, hardly goes out of the hole in the daytime, is good for swimming and diving, has no hibernation habit, is small in gallbladder, has poor self-defense capability, likes quiet environment, jumps into water when encountering frightening and danger, and vigorously beats the water surface with the tail to warn the same kind. The beaver likes to eat the twigs, barks and tree roots of various plants, also takes shore hygrophytes as food, such as calamus, allium mongolicum regel and the like, and in autumn, the beaver generally moves frequently in morning and evening, collects the favorite plants, and stores the favorite plants in deep water near the hole opening for eating in winter.
The female nutria is bred for 1 time every year, mated for 1-2 months, farrowing for 4-5 months, 1-6 young baby per fetus, the gestation period is about 106 days, the lactation period is about 2 months, the young baby swims 2 days after birth, and sexual maturity is 3 years. The service life is 12-20 years.
The river racoon dog is called as a hydraulic engineer in the animal kingdom, the unique ability of the river racoon dog is a dam, and a pond, a lake or a marsh formed by retaining water of the river racoon dog can be formed in places where the river racoon dog inhabits or inhabits.
The method comprises the steps that a beaver inhabits along the coast of forest rivers in cold and warm zones and subarctic zones, inhabits on the shore, selects broadleaf dense forests, shrubs and river valley areas with gentle and deep water flows as inhabit sites, nests and holes are built in the inhabit areas, meanwhile, channels are built to communicate an underwater channel with a land channel, and a beaver dam is built to protect the beaver cave from being washed away by torrential water bodies in the flood season and prevent an underwater channel opening from being exposed out of the water surface in the dry season.
The beaver has the name of an animal world 'architect' and an ancient vertebrate 'activated stone', is one of the oldest existing animals in the world, and has higher research value. The beaver is listed in red catalogue of endangered species in the world natural protection alliance (IUCN)2008 and belongs to the first-class protection animal of the state. The population distribution is scattered, mainly in Europe, and the number in Asia is very small. Due to ecological destruction and human factors, only about 700 in China are endangered and extincted, and the Chinese river racoon dogs belong to Mongolian subspecies in European river racoon dogs and are distributed on two sides of Sinkiang Wulun Guhe and the Qinggelihe, Buergen river and Chaogao le river at the upstream of the Xinjiang Ulun Guhe. By 2012, the number of whole Wulun Guhe water system nutria fluctuated between 500 and 800, wherein the Boolean root river has 35 families, the Chaihu river has 2 families, and the Boolean root river has about 130 families to the Wulun Guhe Fuhain section.
The large-scale development, the construction of a ditch, the digging of an alkali drainage ditch and the like can lead the area of the wetland to be reduced sharply. The establishment of dams and hydropower stations leads to the reduction of the flooding of plants in the area, which causes water and soil loss, river bed collapse, local diversion of rivers and the destruction of a castoreum cave. The migratory route of the beaver is blocked, the ice layer is continuously heightened due to water storage power generation in winter, water even submerges into a beaver cave, and the beaver can not live home and die in winter.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for protecting a castus cave, which simulates the natural condition of a castus dam by a manually built castus bionic dam. The method is used for building a suitable habitat for the nutria, protecting the water surface stability of the cave and the channel of the nutria and building a comfortable environment for the conservation and the survival of the nutria. The method can avoid the castors from biting trees in a large amount to destroy the ecological environment for building dam bodies, and meanwhile, the trees stored at the periphery of the castors nest can provide sufficient food sources for the castors.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for protecting a castus cave comprises the steps that a castus nest comprises an underwater outlet and an onshore inlet and outlet, a bionic dam is built on a river channel close to the castus nest according to surrounding terrain lines, a still water area is formed upstream of the bionic dam, dead wood branches and soil are arranged on the bionic dam, river water bypasses an arc-shaped bionic dam and is prevented from impacting the castus nest, the length of the bionic dam is determined according to the size of the castus nest, the width of the bionic dam is larger than or equal to 1.5m, the height of the bionic dam is 0.5-1.0 m lower than the water surface of the river water, and the dead wood branches are 0.5-1.0 m higher than the water surface of the river water and are covered with the soil.
The bionic dam is an arc dam, a linear dam or a T-shaped dam.
The bionic dam is of a reinforced concrete structure, the bionic dam is supported on the stress piers on two sides, the depth of the stress pier into the bedrock is larger than or equal to 1m, the length of the stress pier is larger than or equal to 2.0m, and the width of the stress pier (3) is larger than or equal to 1.5 m.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the beaver bionic dam builds a suitable habitat for beaver to live in, is favorable for beaver survival and population reproduction, and improves the population resource quantity; the method reduces the problem that castors gnaw and fell down river trees in large quantities in order to protect the castors nest building dam body and protect the ecological environment of the river bank; ensures the normal rest and health of the nutria and is beneficial to protecting the national first-class animal nutria.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of an embodiment of the method of the invention for protecting a river cavity.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
as shown in figure 1, in the method for protecting the castoren cave, a castoren nest 5 comprises an underwater outlet 6 and a land inlet and outlet 7, a bionic dam 2 is built on a river channel 10 close to the castoren nest 5 according to a surrounding terrain line 1, a still water area 8 is formed at the upstream of the bionic dam 2, deadwood branches 4 and soil 11 are arranged on the bionic dam 2, the river 9 bypasses the arc-shaped bionic dam 2 to avoid impacting the castoren nest 5, the length of the bionic dam 2 is determined according to the size of the castoren nest, the width of the bionic dam 2 is not less than 1.5m, the height of the bionic dam 2 is 0.5-1.0 m lower than the water surface of the river 9, and the deadwood branches 4 are 0.5-1.0 m higher than the water surface of the river 9 and cover the soil 11.
The bionic dam 2 is an arc dam, a linear dam or a T-shaped dam.
The bionic dam 2 is of a reinforced concrete structure, the bionic dam 2 is supported on the stress piers 3 on two sides, the stress piers 3 penetrate into bedrock to be more than or equal to 1m, the length of the stress piers 3 is more than or equal to 2.0m, and the width of the stress piers 3 is more than or equal to 1.5 m.
In this embodiment, bionic dam 2 is the bionic dam of arc, and the bionic dam 2 upper reaches of arc form still water district 8, and the bionic dam 2 low reaches protection of arc has export 6 under water and the river racoon 5 of 7 is imported and exported on land, and the bionic dam 2 of arc supports on the atress mound 3 of both sides, is provided with dead wood branch 4 and earth 11 above the bionic dam 2 of arc, and river 9 has avoided assaulting river racoon 5 around the bionic dam 2 of arc. The dam type of the bionic dam of the nutria is simple, the water level can be guaranteed to be stable, the stable aquatic ecological environment for protecting a nutria channel and a nutria cave is built, and the bionic dam has the advantages of long service life and high safety factor. A still water area is formed after the bionic dam is built, so that the nests of the castors are prevented from being washed away by torrent, the ecological environment damage caused by excessive gnawing of the castors for building the dam body is avoided, and a suitable habitat is provided for the rest and the health of the castors.
In the present embodiment, the construction is performed according to the following steps: firstly, constructing an integral reinforced structure of the bionic dam, wherein the dam type is an arc-shaped bionic dam, pouring the reinforced concrete and the support columns of the bionic dam, paving withered wood branches on the upper part of the reinforced concrete of the bionic dam after pouring, smearing soil, and finishing the whole construction process.
An arc-shaped bionic dam for protecting a caster cave is built at the upstream of a caster nest according to the terrain around a river channel, dead wood branches and a soil layer are arranged on a dam body, a water retaining dam built by the caster is simulated, a stable still water environment around the caster nest is built, and the caster nest is protected from being impacted by water flow. The arc-shaped bionic dam for protecting the river racoon dog cave is built on the bank side, the river channel range is not excessively occupied, and the dam body submerged in water and dead wood branches on the dam body do not influence the flood discharge capacity of the river channel during flood.
The above examples are only for illustrating the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and the purpose thereof is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the same, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by the examples, i.e., the equivalent changes or modifications made in the spirit of the present invention disclosed are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The method for protecting the castors cave is characterized in that a castors nest (5) comprises an underwater outlet (6) and a land inlet and outlet (7), a bionic dam (2) is built on a river channel (10) close to the castors nest (5) according to surrounding terrain lines (1), a still water area (8) is formed at the upstream of the bionic dam (2), dead wood branches (4) and soil (11) are arranged on the bionic dam (2), the river water (9) bypasses the arc-shaped bionic dam (2) to avoid impacting the castors nest (5), the length of the bionic dam (2) is determined according to the size of the castors nest, the width of the bionic dam (2) is larger than or equal to 1.5m, the height of the bionic dam (2) is 0.5-1.0 m lower than the water surface of the river water (9), the dead wood branches (4) are 0.5-1.0 m higher than the water surface of the river water (9), and the dead wood branches (11) are covered.
2. A method for protecting a caster cave according to claim 1, characterized in that the biomimetic dam (2) is an arc dam, a straight dam or a t-dam.
3. The method for protecting a river castor cave according to claim 1, wherein the bionic dam (2) is of a reinforced concrete structure, the bionic dam (2) is supported on the stress piers (3) at two sides, the stress pier (3) penetrates into bedrock to be more than or equal to 1m, the length of the stress pier (3) is more than or equal to 2.0m, and the width of the stress pier (3) is more than or equal to 1.5 m.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011162244.1A CN112302177B (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Method for protecting river racoon dog cave |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011162244.1A CN112302177B (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Method for protecting river racoon dog cave |
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| CN112302177A CN112302177A (en) | 2021-02-02 |
| CN112302177B true CN112302177B (en) | 2022-05-13 |
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| KR20160117104A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2016-10-10 | 임영기 | Hacheon jebang chinhwangyeong(Jayeonjebang) mamuri sigong gisul |
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| CN108787107B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-05-21 | 吉林大学 | A kind of corrosion-resistant branch crushing knife tool of imitative beaver front tooth structure |
| DE102019108576A1 (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2020-03-05 | Kaspar Röckelein KG | Device and method for water level regulation |
| CN114041447A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-15 | 中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Underground bionic nest for protecting Asian beaver |
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2020
- 2020-10-27 CN CN202011162244.1A patent/CN112302177B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104863101A (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2015-08-26 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Hydropower station water-reducing river reach fish habitat protection system |
| CN105401559A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2016-03-16 | 罗雪睿 | Gentle slope fill dam for underwater irregular slope surface and construction method thereof |
| CN107352753A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-11-17 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of more combined ecological water purification weirs of bionic type |
| CN110316829A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-11 | 中机国际工程设计研究院有限责任公司 | The method of constructing module Eco-Island progress river corridor restoration |
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| CN112273324A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2021-01-29 | 中水北方勘测设计研究有限责任公司 | Bionic channel built near barrage for protecting beaver |
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