CN105028327A - Method for establishing mountain-hill wild habitat, farming-area wild habitat and habitat food chains of Chinese alligators - Google Patents
Method for establishing mountain-hill wild habitat, farming-area wild habitat and habitat food chains of Chinese alligators Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for establishing a mountain-hill wild habitat, a farming-area wild habitat and habitat food chains of Chinese alligators. The mountain-hill wild habitat of the Chinese alligators comprises N pond openings (1) sequentially and continuously formed in the horizontal direction, wherein the N pond openings (1) are sequentially decreased in altitude from top to bottom and form a water accommodating cavity through enclosure of high dams (2) and low dams (3), the N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the top faces of the high dams (2) are located above the top faces of the low dams (3), and the high dam (2) of the N-2th pond opening (1) is adjacent to the low dam (3) of the N-1th pond opening (1). The pond openings (1) are provided with exposed areas (5), the exposed areas (5) are located on the shoreline edges of the low dams (3) and/or at the tops of central islands (4) arranged at the middles of the pond openings (1). The habitats are suitable for reintroduction, inhabiting and breeding of the Chinese alligators.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the structure of Chinese alligator habitat, particularly, relate to the construction method of habitat, a kind of Chinese alligator mountain and hill field, habitat, Chinese alligator cultivation region field and habitat food chain.
Background technology
According to the life habit of species, build the habitat, habitat being applicable to biological inhabitation with suiting measures to local conditions endangered species is even more important.Habitat, current habitat builds and is substantially divided into two classes:
The first kind is that the habitat of enclosed type habitat builds, and comprises less habitat, enclosed type habitat, the space of domestic animals (frog of the snail of Gastropoda, the goldfish of net-rope, Amphibia, Reptilia lizard and snake etc.) and artificial feeding population closes habitat, habitat (as wild camel, Zhu Ibis and Circus aeruginosus etc.); Equations of The Second Kind is life habit for species and the opening natural habitat habitat built, and is mainly used in some endangered species as giant panda, wild horse, elk and Opius caricivorae, these animals need to protect on the spot or rejuvenation time reintroduction.Wherein, habitat, Equations of The Second Kind habitat builds more complicated, need consider the impact that ecological factor is survived on different animals under natural conditions.
The natural habitat of suitable animals existence is mainly rebuild according to the feature of the life habit of animal, reproductive characteristic and natural habitat or build to state, inside and outside prior art, as: 1, the Research on Index System of Giant Panda Habitat recovery, habitat for giant panda recovers to provide guidance (Shen Guozhen, 2002).2, the research of the former musk deer population in Anhui Province and habitat recovery, analyzes the factor affecting population and habitat restore engineering, and proposes corresponding countermeasure (Li Zheng, 2002).3, scheme in conjunction with digitlization woods, the Habitat pattern of GIS software to the northern slope of Daxinganling concrete on fire sable is utilized to study, determine the ecological factor affecting sable choice of habitat, according to constituency index, habitat general layout before and after fire is analyzed (Xie Fuju, 2006).4, set forth crane from longer spatial and temporal scales to select the adaptability of habitat change, inquired into habitat degeneration, ecological degeneration region implement Habitat pattern and reconstruction (Wang Guanghao, 2006).5, natural renovation accelerates softwood forest to evergreen broad-leaved forest vegetation succession to recover Opius caricivorae habitat (Weng Guohang, 2007) to utilize artificial stand transformation to promote.6, recover index from food, shelter condition, water source and artificial disturbance four aspects to Rhinopithecus roxellana suitable habitat after calamity to study, establish the recovery scheme (Liu Ying, 2009) of impaired habitat.The feature of 7, live according to Zhejiang Province Bitterling Welfare subfamily fish, ingesting and breeding, selects landscape pattern, plant community, revetment design and sediment to select 4 aspects the construction method (Pan Cheng Cheng of Bitterling Welfare Habitat for Fishs to be discussed, 2013).8, analyze the Landscape Spatial Pattern Evolution that mankind's historical behavior causes gulf, Washington, for the habitat impaired problem of gulf, Washington as salmon habitat, propose recovery scheme (Meng Haixing, 2014).
Above habitat reconstruction technique mainly according to the life habit of animal and the habitat of reproductive characteristic appropriate design animal survival, a series of improvement work that the state before impaired with habitat is carried out the habitat after impaired for target; Therefore no matter be that habitat rebuilds or builds, still immature to the technology of the structure in the habitat of reptile in prior art, mainly have the following disadvantages:
1, in the building process of habitat, do not consider that temperature, illumination are on the impact of animal activity;
When 2, building water body habitat, do not consider the importance of water column stability to animal survival;
3, when building water front vegetation habitat, the impact on animal survival and breeding of vegetation density, type is not considered;
4, in the building process of revetment habitat, do not consider pool levee slope degree on animal predation, nest, protect nest, the movable impact such as to get sun.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the construction method of a kind of Chinese alligator mountain and hill and habitat, cultivation region field and habitat food chain, these habitat matters are put to return Chinese alligator and be suitable for Chinese alligator and are perched breeding, and the ecotope that the construction method of the food chain of this habitat can improve in habitat is simultaneously suitable for multiplying and living of Chinese alligator further.
To achieve these goals, the invention provides habitat, a kind of Chinese alligator mountain and hill field, the height above sea level comprising the N number of Kou QieNGe pool, pool mouth arranged continuously successively in the horizontal direction reduces from top to bottom successively, and pool mouth encloses to form water containing chamber by high dam and weir; Wherein, N is the positive integer of >=2, and the end face of high dam is positioned at the top of the end face of weir, and the high dam of N-2 pool mouth is disposed adjacent with the weir of N-1 pool mouth; Pool mouth is provided with exposed region, and exposed region is positioned at the top on the island, center of the water front edge of weir and/or the middle part setting of pool mouth.
Present invention provides a kind of construction method of food chain of above-mentioned habitat, Chinese alligator mountain and hill field, comprise;
1) floating plant is cultivated in the mouth of the pool;
2) be invested in the mouth of the pool by dynamic to mollusk and/or segmental appendage;
3) fish are invested in the mouth of the pool.
Present invention also offers habitat, a kind of Chinese alligator cultivation region field, comprise the pool mouth of N number of interval scattering device, pool mouth encloses to form water containing chamber by high dam and weir; Wherein, N is the positive integer of >=2, and the end face of high dam is positioned at the top of the end face of weir; Pool mouth is provided with exposed region, and exposed region is positioned at the top on the island, center of the water front edge of weir and/or the middle part setting of pool mouth.
Invention further provides a kind of construction method of food chain of above-mentioned habitat, Chinese alligator cultivation region field, comprise;
1) floating plant is cultivated in the mouth of the pool;
2) mollusk and/or arthropods are invested in the mouth of the pool;
3) fish are invested in the mouth of the pool.
According to technique scheme, habitat provided by the invention considers the addressing of habitat, the gradient is put forward on water front vegetation, the pool, the structure of revetment habitat and food chain, thus according to putting the life habit of returning crocodile, plant in Appropriate application topographic and geologic and habitat, build the habitat, habitat being applicable to crocodile and burrowing, nest, prey on, breed and be convenient to spread, and then Chinese alligator not only can be multiplied and lived at mountain and hill rapidly, also can carry out perching breeding at cultivation region simultaneously.
Other features and advantages of the present invention are described in detail in embodiment part subsequently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and forms a part for specification, is used from explanation the present invention, but is not construed as limiting the invention with embodiment one below.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of habitat, Chinese alligator cultivation region field provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the pool mouth in Fig. 1.
Description of reference numerals
1, pool mouth 2, high dam
3, weir 4, island, center
5, exposed region 6, shoal water plants
7, bamboo 8, shrub
9, arbor 10, nest district
11, profundal zone plant 12, passage of pouring water
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.Should be understood that, embodiment described herein, only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not limited to the present invention.
In the present invention, when not doing contrary explanation, the nouns of locality be included in term such as " upper and lower " only represents the orientation of this term under normal service condition, or being commonly called as those skilled in the art's understanding, and should not be considered as the restriction to this term.
The invention provides habitat, a kind of Chinese alligator mountain and hill field, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, comprise N number of pool mouth 1 of arranging continuously successively in the horizontal direction and the height above sea level of N number of pool mouth 1 reduces successively from top to bottom, pool mouth 1 encloses to form water containing chamber by high dam 2 and weir 3; Wherein, N is the positive integer of >=2, and the end face of high dam 2 is positioned at the top of the end face of weir 3, and the high dam 2 of N-2 pool mouth 1 is disposed adjacent with the weir 3 of N-1 pool mouth 1; Pool mouth 1 is provided with exposed region 5, (exposed region 5 refers to the region of not planting shrub and arbor and ensures enough sunlight with this at the top on the island, center 4 that the middle part that exposed region 5 is positioned at the water front edge of weir 3 and/or pool mouth 1 is arranged, water front when weir 3 has exposed region 5 is called exposed water front, and now the water front of the non-exposed region 5 of pool mouth 1 is called other water fronts).
Habitat, above-mentioned Chinese alligator mountain and hill field considers the factor of water environment fully, and select the numerous mountain and hill in waters to build, the height above sea level being convenient to pool mouth 1 like this can decline in gradient.Can ensure that Chinese alligator population exchanges between above-mentioned multiple pools mouth 1 (area is at least comparatively excellent more than a mu); Simultaneously, during excessive rainfall, rainwater just can trickle downwards along pool mouth 1 from top to bottom, a high dam 2 flowing through next pool mouth 1 by the weir 3 of a upper pool mouth 1 after the pool mouth 1 of High aititude is full of water is made to enter next pool mouth 1, add the reservoir storage of pool mouth so greatly, what ensure that between waters is unobstructed.On the island, center construction center 4 of water body or build smooth dykes and dams (exposed region 5) at the low dike of pool mouth and have a rest for Chinese alligator, get sun, and then ensure that Chinese alligator can grow up healthy and sound.In addition, food resource and the habitat vegetation diversity of Chinese alligator have correlation, and habitat vegetation diversity is higher, and the food resource of Chinese alligator will be abundanter, and thus, this point is considered fully in this habitat, have namely planted multifarious vegetation.In addition, rational design has been carried out to the gradient on pool mouth 1 and island, center 4, has been convenient to the activity of Chinese alligator.Finally, food chain in this habitat build reasonable and perfect, ensure that the food source of Chinese alligator further.
Consider, under pool mouth 1 is in full water state, water likely can cover the exposed region 5 at the top on island, center 4, and in order to avoid there is this situation, preferably, the top on island, center 4 is higher than weir 3 top.
Simultaneously, in the present embodiment, exposed region 5 may separately exist on island, center 4 or weir 3, also may be present on island, center 4 and weir 3 simultaneously, preferably, when weir 3 is provided with exposed region 5, the gradient of the water front of described exposed region 5 is 28 °-32 °, and the gradient of other water fronts of described pool mouth 1 is 30 °-60 °.So just, can be convenient to Chinese alligator goes exposed region 5 to carry out having a rest and getting sun, and is conducive on other water fronts, planting vegetation to improve the ecosystem of this habitat simultaneously; In addition, the gradient of such water front also can play the generation of the situation preventing lakeshore's collapsing or rain drop erosion.
In order to improve the ecotope of revetment further, preferably, fill water in pool mouth 1, the revetment shoal kind of pool mouth 1 is implanted with the raw plant 6 of riffle, is emergent aquactic plant and/or submerged plant, one or more in preferred cattail, reed, wild rice stem, black algae.Thus, the bio-diversity of the water front of pool mouth 1 can be improved to improve the food resource of Chinese alligator.In order to improve the diversity of the vegetation of water front further, more preferably, when the water front of pool mouth 1 is not exposed water front, plant and be implanted with herbaceous plant, herbaceous plant is preferably fainted, clover, misunderstanding are hurried, cogongrass, one or more in loosestrife and Chinese lobelia.These herbaceous plant also can play the effect of protection revetment simultaneously.
In addition, consider the vegetation diversity that high dam 2 and/or the non-water front region of weir 3 also can be utilized also can be fully utilized further to improve habitat, preferably, high dam 2 and/or weir 3 are disposed with bamboo 7 and arbor 9 (bamboo 7 wherein in dykes and dams 3 and arbor 9 can utilize as the district 10 that nests) to the direction that water front extends from the center of pool mouth 1, bamboo 7 preferably intermingle has shrub 8.Wherein, in order to enough growing spaces can be reserved for above-mentioned herbaceous plant, more preferably, bamboo 7 is 2-5m apart from the distance of water.And, the concrete kind of above-mentioned bamboo 7, shrub 8 and arbor 9 all can be selected in wide scope, but the synergy made full use of between vegetation, more preferably, bamboo 7 is bitter bamboo, shrub 8 is one or more in multiflora rose, the fruit of Cherokee rose, fructus crataegi cuneatae, serissa serissoide and azalea, and arbor 9 is selected from masson pine and China fir.In order to improve the bio-diversity in arbor 9 further, further preferably, arbor 9 intermingles have one or more in assorted sweetgum, Chinese tallow tree, change perfume, oriental white oak, Mao Li and acacia.
When the distribution of the vegetation of above-mentioned pool mouth 1, form the optimum ecosystem for the ease of habitat, preferably, the water front vegetation cover degree of pool mouth 1 is 60%-70%.
In the present invention, the bottom space of pool mouth 1 also can be fully utilized the vegetation diversity improving habitat, and preferably, the bottom kind of pool mouth 1 is implanted with profundal zone plant 11, more preferably, profundal zone plant 11 is one or more in cattail, reed, wild rice stem, wild water chestnut and black algae.
On the basis of habitat, above-mentioned Chinese alligator mountain and hill field, circulating in the waters for the ease of each pool mouth 1, preferably, high dam 2 is provided with passage 12 of pouring water.Consider position the washing away revetment of passage 12 of pouring water, preferably, the height in the delivery port distance dykes and dams face of passage 12 of pouring water is 0.8-1.0m.
In above-mentioned habitat, Chinese alligator mountain and hill field, in order to build multifarious food chain to improve food resource and the living environment of Chinese alligator further in habitat, present invention provides a kind of construction method of food chain of above-mentioned habitat, Chinese alligator mountain and hill field, comprise;
1) floating plant is cultivated in pool mouth 1;
2) be invested in pool mouth 1 by dynamic to mollusk and/or segmental appendage;
3) fish are invested in pool mouth 1.
In the construction method of above-mentioned food chain, the concrete kind of floating plant can be selected in wide scope, but can reach the ecological balance to make in habitat, and preferably, floating plant is selected from duckweed and/or tea water chestnut.
In the construction method of above-mentioned food chain, mollusk and/or arthropodan concrete kind can be selected in wide scope, but in order to make can to reach the ecological balance in habitat, preferably, mollusk and/or arthropods are selected from one or more in anodonta woodiana pacifica, dome pearl oyster, river snail and Macrobrachium rosenbergii.
In the construction method of above-mentioned food chain, the concrete kind of fish can be selected in wide scope, but in order to make can to reach the ecological balance in habitat, preferably, fish are selected from one or more in silver carp, grass carp, crucian Odontobutis obscura and Chinese Bitterling Welfare.
Present invention also offers habitat, a kind of Chinese alligator cultivation region field, comprise the pool mouth 1 of N number of interval scattering device, pool mouth 1 encloses to form water containing chamber by high dam 2 and weir 3; Wherein, N is the positive integer of >=2, and the end face of high dam 2 is positioned at the top of the end face of weir 3; Pool mouth 1 is provided with exposed region 5, and exposed region 5 is positioned at the top on the island, center 4 of the water front edge of weir 3 and/or the middle part setting of pool mouth 1.
With the island, center 4 in habitat, mountain and hill field, in order to improve the practicality on island, center 4, preferably, the top on island, center 4 is higher than weir 3 top.
In habitat, cultivation region field, grow on revetment for the ease of vegetation, simultaneously in order to protect revetment, preferably, the gradient of the water front of pool mouth 1 is 30 °-60 °.
The same with habitat, mountain and hill field, in order to improve the ecotope of revetment further, preferably, water is filled in pool mouth 1, the revetment shoal kind of pool mouth 1 is implanted with the raw plant 6 of riffle, for emergent aquactic plant and/or submerged plant, one or more in preferred calamus, arrowhead, wild rice stem, lotus, water sieve and eel grass.
In addition, consider the vegetation diversity that high dam 2 and/or the non-water front region of weir 3 also can be utilized also can be fully utilized further to improve habitat, preferably, when the water front of pool mouth 1 is not exposed region 5, kind be implanted with herbaceous plant, one or more in the preferred cogongrass of herbaceous plant, annual fleabane herb, barnyard grass and pennywort.
In addition, consider the vegetation diversity that high dam 2 and/or the non-water front region of weir 3 also can be utilized also can be fully utilized further to improve habitat, preferably, the water front of pool mouth 1 is disposed with bamboo 7 and arbor 9 (bamboo 7 wherein in dykes and dams 3 and arbor 9 can utilize as the district 10 that nests) to the direction that high dam 2 extends from the center of pool mouth 1.Wherein, in order to enough growing spaces can be reserved for above-mentioned herbaceous plant, more preferably, bamboo 7 is 2-5m apart from the distance of water.And, the concrete kind of above-mentioned bamboo 7, shrub 8 and arbor 9 all can be selected in wide scope, but the synergy made full use of between vegetation, preferably, bamboo 7 is bitter bamboo, shrub 8 is multiflora rose and/or Vitex negundo var cannabifolia, and arbor 9 is selected from dryland willow, one or more in arbor 9 intermingle China trees, Chinese ash, paper mulberry, Chinese elm, yellow wingceltis, Chinese tallow tree and acacias.
When the distribution of the vegetation of above-mentioned pool mouth 1, form the optimum ecosystem for the ease of habitat, preferably, the water front vegetation cover degree of pool mouth 1 is 60%-70%.
In habitat, cultivation region field of the present invention, the bottom space of pool mouth 1 also can be fully utilized the vegetation diversity improving habitat, preferably, the bottom kind of pool mouth 1 is implanted with profundal zone plant 11, one or more preferably in cattail, wild rice stem, wild water chestnut of profundal zone plant 11.
In above-mentioned habitat, Chinese alligator cultivation region field, in order to build multifarious food chain to improve food resource and the living environment of Chinese alligator further in habitat, invention further provides a kind of construction method of food chain of above-mentioned habitat, Chinese alligator cultivation region field, comprise;
1) floating plant is cultivated in pool mouth 1;
2) mollusk and/or arthropods are invested in pool mouth 1;
3) fish are invested in pool mouth 1.
In the construction method of above-mentioned food chain, the concrete kind of floating plant can be selected in wide scope, but can reach the ecological balance to make in habitat, preferably, floating plant be selected from Gorgon fruit, Nymphoides dish and water chestnut one or more.
In the construction method of above-mentioned food chain, mollusk and/or arthropodan concrete kind can be selected in wide scope, but in order to make can to reach the ecological balance in habitat, preferably, mollusk and/or arthropods are selected from one or more in anodonta woodiana pacifica, dome pearl oyster, river snail and Macrobrachium rosenbergii.
In the construction method of above-mentioned food chain, the concrete kind of fish can be selected in wide scope, but in order to make can to reach the ecological balance in habitat, preferably, fish are selected from one or more in silver carp, bighead, grass carp, black carp, crucian, Odontobutis obscura, Chinese Bitterling Welfare.
The invention will be further elaborated by the following examples:
Embodiment 1
1, the moderate hilly and mountainous land of annual rainfall (be located in the Chinese alligator once behaviour area of 31 ° of 00.978 ' N, 119 ° of 12.132 ' E---forest farm, Gao Jing mausoleum, Langxi County, Xuancheng City) is selected to carry out structure habitat.
2, in excavation in 2002 first pool mouth 1, pool mouth 1 is positioned on a gentle slope, and area is 35 mu, and in the middle of pool mouth 1, build up island 4, a center have a rest for Chinese alligator, get sun, the width of low dike 3 is about 3m, and low dike 3 does not plant shrub and arbor.
3, except exposed water front, loose kind of some ferns, clover, Caulis Miscanthis floriduli, cogongrass, loosestrife and Chinese lobelia on water front; The water front of distance water source 2-5m plants bitter bamboo, intermingle multiflora rose, the fruit of Cherokee rose, fructus crataegi cuneatae, serissa serissoide and azalea therebetween; Bitter bamboo periphery plantation masson pine and China fir, intermingle is therebetween mixed sweetgum, Chinese tallow tree, change perfume, oriental white oak, Mao Li and acacia.Water front vegetation cover degree remains on 60%-70%.
4, except the gradient of exposed water front is except about 30 °, the gradient of other water fronts is 30 °-60 °.
5, with Native species for main structure habitat food chain, the wherein reasonable intermingle in Tang Kou shoal reed, wild rice stem, black algae, duckweed and tea water chestnut, throw in anodonta woodiana pacifica, dome pearl oyster, river snail and Macrobrachium rosenbergii toward pool Estuary Waters simultaneously, stable until aquatic plants growth, adapt to after, continue to throw in silver carp, grass carp, crucian and Odontobutis obscura China Bitterling Welfare.
Started to build first pool mouth from 2002, within 2003, stop to dig, within 2004 to 2012 years, excavate 38, pool mouth so far successively, completed the structure of 39 pool mouths, the difference between the mouth of the pool is pool mouth size, with or without island, center, water plants and water front floristics 3 aspect.So far, the habitat as the habitat, Chinese alligator field in hilly and mountainous land district has built.
Within 2006, starting to carry out first time puts to be grouped into 2014 and to put altogether and returns 9 years, amounts to 65 adult Chinese alligators.In August, 2014 returns Chinese alligator to carry out quantity surveying to putting in forest farm, Gao Jing mausoleum, and the Chinese alligator quantity actually observed is 36 and becomes crocodile, 15 young crocodiles.
Embodiment 2
1, the cultivation region (Changle Village, Jisan Town, Nanling County, City of Wuhu in Anhui) selecting wetland species abundant
2, in cultivation region, excavate the pool mouth 1 of area≤10 mu, in the middle of pool mouth 1, build up island 4, a center have a rest for Chinese alligator, get sun, do not need to build exposed water front.
3, loose kind of the cogongrass of port, pool line, annual fleabane herb, barnyard grass and pennywort; The water front of distance water source 2-5m plants bitter bamboo intermingle multiflora rose and Vitex negundo var cannabifolia therebetween; Bitter bamboo periphery plantation dryland willow, therebetween mixed value China tree, Chinese ash, paper mulberry, yellow wingceltis, Chinese tallow tree and acacia, water front vegetation cover degree remains on 60%-70%.
4, the pool levee slope degree of port, pool line is designed to 30 °-60 °.
5, the reasonable intermingle in Tang Kou shoal arrowhead, wild rice stem, wild water chestnut and lotus, throw in anodonta woodiana pacifica, dome pearl oyster, river snail and Macrobrachium rosenbergii toward pool Estuary Waters simultaneously, stable until aquatic plants growth, adapt to after, continue to throw in silver carp, bighead, grass carp, black carp, crucian, Odontobutis obscura and Chinese Bitterling Welfare.
Build a pool mouth 1 at a distance of 1km, this cultivation region Chinese alligator cultivation region field habitat distribution is at 28 pool mouths, and wherein 25 is artificial pool mouth, and 3 is natural pool mouth.The Chinese alligator population colonization result of this point is excellent, often has egg reproduction every year.
Known by above-described embodiment, habitat, field provided by the invention is suitable for putting returning Chinese alligator and being suitable for Chinese alligator perches breeding.
Below the preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail by reference to the accompanying drawings; but; the present invention is not limited to the detail in above-mentioned embodiment; within the scope of technical conceive of the present invention; can carry out multiple simple variant to technical scheme of the present invention, these simple variant all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in addition, each concrete technical characteristic described in above-mentioned embodiment, in reconcilable situation, can be combined by any suitable mode, in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention illustrates no longer separately to various possible combination.
In addition, also can be combined between various different embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is without prejudice to thought of the present invention, it should be considered as content disclosed in this invention equally.
Claims (10)
1. habitat, a Chinese alligator mountain and hill field, it is characterized in that, comprise N number of pool mouth (1) of arranging continuously successively in the horizontal direction and the height above sea level of described N number of pool mouth (1) reduces highly successively from top to bottom, described pool mouth (1) encloses to form water containing chamber by high dam (2) and weir (3); Wherein, N is the positive integer of >=2, the end face of described high dam (2) is positioned at the top of the end face of described weir (3), and the high dam (2) on N-2 described pool mouth (1) is disposed adjacent with the weir (3) on N-1 described pool mouth (1); Described pool mouth (1) is provided with exposed region (5), and described exposed region (5) is positioned at the top on the island, center (4) of the water front edge of described weir (3) and/or the middle part setting on described pool mouth (1).
2. habitat, Chinese alligator mountain and hill field according to claim 1, wherein, the top on island, described center (4) is higher than described weir (3) top;
More preferably, the gradient of the water front of described exposed region (5) is 28 °-32 °, and the gradient of other water fronts on described pool mouth (1) is 30 °-60 °.
3. habitat, Chinese alligator mountain and hill field according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, water is filled in described pool mouth (1), the revetment shoal kind on described pool mouth (1) is implanted with the raw plant of riffle (6), described is emergent aquactic plant and/or submerged plant, one or more in preferred cattail, reed, wild rice stem, black algae;
Preferably, when the water front on described pool mouth (1) is not exposed region (5), plant and be implanted with herbaceous plant, described herbaceous plant is preferably fainted, clover, misunderstanding are hurried, cogongrass, one or more in loosestrife and Chinese lobelia;
More preferably, described high dam (2) and/or weir (3) are disposed with bamboo (7) and arbor (9) from the center on described pool mouth (1) to the direction that water front extends, and described bamboo (7) preferably intermingle has shrub (8);
Further preferably, described bamboo (7) is 2-5m apart from the distance of described water;
Still more preferably, the water front vegetation cover degree of described pool mouth (1) is 60%-70%.
4. habitat, Chinese alligator mountain and hill field according to claim 3, wherein, described bamboo (7) is bitter bamboo, described shrub (8) is multiflora rose, the fruit of Cherokee rose, fructus crataegi cuneatae, one or more in serissa serissoide and azalea, described arbor (9) is selected from masson pine and China fir, and between described arbor (9), intermingle has one or more in assorted sweetgum, Chinese tallow tree, change perfume, oriental white oak, Mao Li and acacia;
Preferably, the bottom kind on described pool mouth (1) is implanted with profundal zone plant (11), one or more preferably in cattail, reed, wild rice stem, wild water chestnut and black algae of described profundal zone plant (11);
More preferably, described high dam (2) is provided with passage of pouring water (12), described in pour water passage (12) delivery port distance dykes and dams face height be 0.8-1.0m.
5. a construction method for the food chain of the habitat, Chinese alligator mountain and hill field in claim 1-4 described in any one, is characterized in that, comprise;
1) floating plant is cultivated in described pool mouth (1);
2) be invested in described pool mouth (1) by dynamic to mollusk and/or segmental appendage;
3) fish are invested in described pool mouth (1);
Preferably, described floating plant is selected from cattail, wild rice stem, duckweed and/or wild water chestnut;
More preferably, described mollusk and/or arthropods are selected from one or more in anodonta woodiana pacifica, dome pearl oyster, river snail and Macrobrachium rosenbergii;
Further preferably, described fish are selected from one or more in silver carp, grass carp, crucian, Odontobutis obscura and Chinese Bitterling Welfare.
6. a habitat, Chinese alligator cultivation region field, is characterized in that, comprises the pool mouth (1) of N number of interval scattering device, and described pool mouth (1) encloses to form water containing chamber by high dam (2) and weir (3); Wherein, N is the positive integer of >=2, and the end face of described high dam (2) is positioned at the top of the end face of described weir (3); Described pool mouth (1) is provided with exposed region (5), and described exposed region (5) is positioned at the top on the island, center (4) of the water front edge of described weir (3) and/or the middle part setting on described pool mouth (1).
7. habitat, Chinese alligator cultivation region field according to claim 6, wherein, the top on island, described center (4) is higher than described weir (3) top;
Preferably, the gradient of the water front of described pool mouth (1) is 30 °-60 °.
8. the habitat, Chinese alligator cultivation region field according to claim 6 or 7, wherein, water is filled in described pool mouth (1), the revetment shoal kind on described pool mouth (1) is implanted with the raw plant of riffle (6), described is emergent aquactic plant and/or submerged plant, one or more in preferred calamus, arrowhead, wild rice stem, lotus, water sieve and eel grass;
Preferably, when the water front on described pool mouth (1) is not exposed region (5), plants and be implanted with herbaceous plant, one or more in the preferred cogongrass of described herbaceous plant, annual fleabane herb, barnyard grass and pennywort;
More preferably, the water front of described pool mouth (1) is disposed with bamboo (7) and arbor (9) from the center on described pool mouth (1) to the direction that described high dam (2) extends;
Further preferably, described bamboo (7) is 2-5m apart from the distance of described water;
Still more preferably, the water front vegetation cover degree of described pool mouth (1) is 60%-70%.
9. habitat, Chinese alligator cultivation region field according to claim 8, wherein, described bamboo (7) is bitter bamboo, described shrub (8) is multiflora rose and/or Vitex negundo var cannabifolia, described arbor (9) is selected from dryland willow, one or more between described arbor (9) in intermingle China tree, Chinese ash, paper mulberry, Chinese elm, yellow wingceltis, Chinese tallow tree and acacia;
Preferably, the bottom kind on described pool mouth (1) is implanted with profundal zone plant (11), one or more preferably in cattail, wild rice stem and wild water chestnut of described profundal zone plant (11).
10. a construction method for the food chain of the habitat, Chinese alligator cultivation region field in claim 5-9 described in any one, is characterized in that, comprise;
1) floating plant is cultivated in described pool mouth (1);
2) mollusk and/or arthropods are invested in described pool mouth (1);
3) fish are invested in described pool mouth (1);
Preferably, described floating plant is selected from one or more in Gorgon fruit, Nymphoides dish and water chestnut;
More preferably, described mollusk and/or arthropods are selected from one or more in anodonta woodiana pacifica, dome pearl oyster, river snail and Macrobrachium rosenbergii;
Further preferably, described fish are selected from one or more in silver carp, bighead, grass carp, black carp, crucian, Odontobutis obscura, Chinese Bitterling Welfare.
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