CN112299982A - 一种基于三蝶烯的线性并苯类化合物及其合成与应用 - Google Patents
一种基于三蝶烯的线性并苯类化合物及其合成与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112299982A CN112299982A CN201910676049.1A CN201910676049A CN112299982A CN 112299982 A CN112299982 A CN 112299982A CN 201910676049 A CN201910676049 A CN 201910676049A CN 112299982 A CN112299982 A CN 112299982A
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- triptycene
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- -1 acene compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- NGDCLPXRKSWRPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triptycene Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C2C3=CC=CC=C3C1C1=CC=CC=C12 NGDCLPXRKSWRPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229920003026 Acene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical group O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 68
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 51
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 18
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005863 Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1,10,13-trimethyl-3-oxo-4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl) heptanoate Chemical compound C1CC2CC(=O)C=C(C)C2(C)C2C1C1CCC(OC(=O)CCCCCC)C1(C)CC2 TXUICONDJPYNPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910021626 Tin(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001119 stannous chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011150 stannous chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005698 Diels-Alder reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phthalic anhydride Natural products C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 LGRFSURHDFAFJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl 2,2-difluorocyclopropane-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1CC1(F)F JHIWVOJDXOSYLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940005561 1,4-benzoquinone Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- JFBIRMIEJBPDTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dipyridin-2-yl-1,2,4,5-tetrazine Chemical compound N1=CC=CC=C1C1=NN=C(C=2N=CC=CC=2)N=N1 JFBIRMIEJBPDTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012280 lithium aluminium hydride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 claims description 6
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006845 Michael addition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloroethylene Chemical group ClC(Cl)=C(Cl)Cl CYTYCFOTNPOANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 4
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 229950011008 tetrachloroethylene Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021581 Cobalt(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WXZIKFXSSPSWSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li]CCCCC Chemical compound [Li]CCCCC WXZIKFXSSPSWSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;2-methylpropane Chemical compound [Li+].C[C-](C)C UBJFKNSINUCEAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butane Chemical compound [Li+].CC[CH-]C WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CETVQRFGPOGIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;hexane Chemical compound [Li+].CCCCC[CH2-] CETVQRFGPOGIQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SZAVVKVUMPLRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;propane Chemical compound [Li+].C[CH-]C SZAVVKVUMPLRRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- IEKWPPTXWFKANS-UHFFFAOYSA-K trichlorocobalt Chemical compound Cl[Co](Cl)Cl IEKWPPTXWFKANS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000764238 Isis Species 0.000 claims 3
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 abstract 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
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- 238000000816 matrix-assisted laser desorption--ionisation Methods 0.000 description 4
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- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
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- KZGWPHUWNWRTEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethynyl-tri(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical group CC(C)[Si](C#C)(C(C)C)C(C)C KZGWPHUWNWRTEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- FRASJONUBLZVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-naphthoquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=CC(=O)C2=C1 FRASJONUBLZVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSTXCZGEEVFJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cycloundecyl-1,5-diazacycloundec-5-ene Chemical compound C1CCCCCC(CCCC1)N1CCCCCC=NCCC1 VSTXCZGEEVFJES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ABRVLXLNVJHDRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-pyridin-3-yl-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl]methanamine Chemical compound FC(C1=CC(=CC(=N1)C=1C=NC=CC=1)CN)(F)F ABRVLXLNVJHDRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- QEOQKWIURDCGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromo-1,3-di(propan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)C)=C1Br QEOQKWIURDCGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WDBQJSCPCGTAFG-QHCPKHFHSA-N 4,4-difluoro-N-[(1S)-3-[4-(3-methyl-5-propan-2-yl-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)piperidin-1-yl]-1-pyridin-3-ylpropyl]cyclohexane-1-carboxamide Chemical compound FC1(CCC(CC1)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCN1CCC(CC1)N1C(=NN=C1C)C(C)C)C=1C=NC=CC=1)F WDBQJSCPCGTAFG-QHCPKHFHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KLYCPFXDDDMZNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyne Chemical compound C1=CC#CC=C1 KLYCPFXDDDMZNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- LSOTZYUVGZKSHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene-1,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(=O)C=CC(=O)C3=CC2=C1 LSOTZYUVGZKSHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-(1,3-benzoxazol-2-yl)phenyl]-4-nitrobenzenesulfonamide Chemical class C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)NC1=CC=C(C=2OC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)C=C1 SYSQUGFVNFXIIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentacene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C=C3C=C21 SLIUAWYAILUBJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C=C21 IFLREYGFSNHWGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RRBYUSWBLVXTQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclene Chemical compound C12CC3CC2C1(C)C3(C)C RRBYUSWBLVXTQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C50/00—Quinones
- C07C50/22—Quinones the quinoid structure being part of a condensed ring system containing four or more rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C15/00—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts
- C07C15/20—Polycyclic condensed hydrocarbons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C15/00—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts
- C07C15/40—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts substituted by unsaturated carbon radicals
- C07C15/56—Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic parts substituted by unsaturated carbon radicals polycyclic condensed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C43/02—Ethers
- C07C43/03—Ethers having all ether-oxygen atoms bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C43/14—Unsaturated ethers
- C07C43/164—Unsaturated ethers containing six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C43/166—Unsaturated ethers containing six-membered aromatic rings having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C46/00—Preparation of quinones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/09—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides from carboxylic acid esters or lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C65/00—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups
- C07C65/32—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups containing keto groups
- C07C65/34—Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six—membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O—metal, —CHO, keto, ether, groups, groups, or groups containing keto groups polycyclic
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D213/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D213/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D213/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom containing only one pyridine ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
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Abstract
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机材料技术领域,具体涉及一种基于三蝶烯的线性并苯类化合物及其合成与应用。
背景技术
C3对称的三维材料因其在传感器、光电转换、能量存储、超分子自组装等方面的具有重要的意义,近期备受关注。这类材料的一个显著的特点是分子结构中含有三个互成120°的结构单元,因此这类分子一般具有较大的分子内自由体积(intramolecular freevolume),是制备分子笼、二维聚合物(2D polymers)的重要结构单元。其中,三碟烯是最常见的三维材料构筑单元之一。它是由蒽和苯炔通过狄尔斯–阿尔德反应合成的芳香烃。以其为母核扩展的三维分子中有三个互成120°共轭的π电子结构,其存在一定的相互影响,这些空间弱相互作用(through-space interactions)对有机器件(有机场效应晶体管、有机太阳能电池等)的性能有很重要的影响。
目前对太阳能电池的研究主要集中在:1)降低制造成本;2)提高能量转换效率(Power Conversion Efficiency,PCE)。但是,上世纪六十年代,William Shockley和HansJoachim Queisser从理论上提出了,单结太阳能电池的PCE最高可以达到33%,这被称之为Shockley-Queissers(SQ)限制。为突破这一限制,多重激子产生(Multiple ExcitonGeneration,MEG),即在一个光子的激发下产生多个激子,是目前科学家们研究的热点。单线态裂分是一个有效的MEG方式。单线态裂分(singlet exciton fission,SF)是一个高能量的单线态激发态与一个单线态基态结合转化成两个能量较低的三线态激发态。
线性并苯类材料具有独特的电子结构和性能,是经典的激子裂分研究体系,大量关于并四苯、并五苯以及其衍生物的理论和实验数据表明它们能进行快速有效的SF。分子内单线态裂分较分子间单线态裂分,对材料形貌、堆积方式的要求较低,其效率主要依赖于分子本身的性质。有机材料中的分子内单线态裂分的研究还相对较少,且此性能的研究主要集中在共价键连接的二聚体分子中。而三聚体分子的设计、性能研究和应用却十分缺乏。
以三碟烯为母核纵向扩展的并苯类三聚体化合物的合成和应用的研究未见报道。
有鉴于此,特提出本发明。
发明内容
基于以上背景技术,本发明提供一种基于三蝶烯的线性并苯类化合物及其合成与应用。本发明首次以三蝶烯为母核设计合成了线性并苯类化合物的三聚体,并研究了其在有机光电器件中的应用。
为实现以上目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明一方面提供一种基于三蝶烯的线性并苯类化合物,其结构式如T-X所示:
T-X
i为0-5的自然数;
R为硅烷基乙炔基、含取代基的硅烷基乙炔基、烷基乙炔基、含取代基的烷基乙炔基、烷氧基乙炔基、含取代基的烷氧基乙炔基、芳香基乙炔基、含取代基的芳香基乙炔基、杂环芳香基乙炔基、含取代基的杂环芳香基乙炔基、杂环基乙炔基、含取代基的杂环基乙炔基、硅烷基、含取代基的硅烷基、烷基、含取代基的烷基、烷氧基、含取代基的烷氧基、芳香基、含取代基的芳香基、杂环芳香基、含取代基的杂环芳香基、杂环基、含取代基的杂环基或氢原子;当R为氢原子时,i不为0。
本领域技术人员容易理解的,以上结构式中,划过的键为取代基的连接键。另外,本发明对于“所在的苯环为苯醌结构”在此进行举例说明,例如酮羰基位于2位,i=0时,其结构式如下式1所示;对应的当为的结构式如下式2所示;因此在式T-X中,将2位和3位所在并苯环内的双键以虚线表示。
优选地,所述基于三蝶烯的线性并苯类化合物的结构结构式如T-A和T-T所示:
其中,n为1-5的自然数,m为0-5的自然数。
优选地,R为硅烷基乙炔基、烷基乙炔基、烷氧基乙炔基、芳香基乙炔基、杂环芳香基乙炔基、杂环基乙炔基、硅烷基、烷基、烷氧基、芳香基、杂环芳香基、杂环基或氢原子。
优选地,R为三异丙基硅基乙炔基、三甲基硅基乙炔基、三乙基硅烷基乙炔基、丁基乙炔基、丁氧基乙炔基、苯基乙炔基、对乙基苯乙炔基、2-吡啶基乙炔基、三甲基硅基丁基、正辛烷基、二异丙基苯基、丁基噻吩基或氢原子。
优选地,所述基于三蝶烯的线性并苯类化合物的结构式如T-B和T-C所示:
其中,n为1-5的自然数,m为0-5的自然数。
优选地,结构式T-A、T-T、T-B和T-C中,n为1、2或3,m为1或2。
优选地,所述含取代基的硅烷基乙炔基、含取代基的烷基乙炔基、含取代基的烷氧基乙炔基、含取代基的硅烷基、含取代基的烷基、含取代基的烷氧基中的取代基独立的为:氟原子、氯原子、溴原子、碘原子、氰基、硝基、氨基、酯基、羰基、羧基、羟基、巯基、芳香基、杂环芳香基或杂环基。
所述含取代基的芳香基乙炔基、含取代基的杂环芳香基乙炔基、含取代基的杂环基乙炔基、含取代基的芳香基、含取代基的杂环芳香基、含取代基的杂环基中的取代基独立的为:烷基、氟原子、氯原子、溴原子、碘原子、氰基、硝基、氨基、酯基、羰基、羧基、羟基、巯基、芳香基、杂环芳香基或杂环基。
优选地,基于三碟烯的线性并苯类化合物的结构式如下所示:
本发明第二个方面提供以上基于三碟烯的线性并苯类化合物的合成方法。
S1、将三蝶烯与相应的并苯类邻苯二甲酸酐通过傅克酰基化反应,得到中间体1;
S2、将中间体1在质子酸中加热回流继续发生傅克酰基化反应,得到相应的产物(三蝶烯并苯酮衍生物2)。
S1、将三蝶烯与相应的并苯类邻苯二甲酸酐通过傅克酰基化反应,得到中间体1;
S2、将中间体1在质子酸中加热回流继续发生傅克酰基化反应,得到中间体2;
S3、将中间体2与相应的R基团所对应的原料和金属锂试剂进行迈克尔加成反应后再脱水生成相应的产物;
其中,R基团包括乙炔基时,所对应的原料为对应的乙炔;R基团不包括乙炔基时,所对应的原料为卤素取代的R基团化合物。
在以上化合物2和3的合成方法中,优选地,S1中并苯类邻苯二甲酸酐的摩尔量是三蝶烯的3倍以上,以使并苯类邻苯二甲酸酐过量,例如本发明优选实施例中的稍多于6倍。
优选地,S1中的傅克酰基化反应的溶剂为四氯乙烯、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯苯或甲苯等较高沸点的有机溶剂。本发明通过条件优化,优选出了四氯乙烯作为最佳溶剂。
优选地,S1中的傅克酰基化反应是在路易斯酸的作用下加热反应的。
更优选地,所述路易斯酸为三氯化铝、三氯化铁、三氟化硼或三氯化钴;所述路易斯酸的摩尔量是三蝶烯的3倍以上;所述加热的温度为25℃~180℃。本发明通过条件优化,优选出三氯化铝作为路易斯酸,加热至100~180℃。
优选地,所述质子酸为硫酸、盐酸、乙酸、甲基磺酸、三氟甲磺酸、多聚磷酸或三氟乙酸。本发明经过条件优化,尝试了以上质子酸,并且优选出了效果最好的质子酸为硫酸,其对应的产率较高。
S1、三蝶烯与溴化试剂进行反应,生成六溴取代的三蝶烯4;
S2、六溴取代的三蝶烯4与呋喃进行狄尔斯-阿尔德反应(Diels-Alder),生成呋喃-三蝶烯异构体混合物5;
S3、呋喃-三蝶烯异构体混合物5与相应的并苯类1,4-苯醌和3,6-二(2-吡啶基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪进行逆-狄尔斯-阿尔德反应(Retro Diels-Alder reaction),生成氧代三蝶烯并苯酮异构体混合物6;
S4、氧代三蝶烯并苯酮异构体混合物6与1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯(DBU)和碘化锂反应生成相应的产物(三蝶烯并苯酮衍生物7)。
S1、三蝶烯与溴化试剂进行反应,生成六溴取代的三蝶烯4;
S2、六溴取代的三蝶烯4与呋喃进行狄尔斯-阿尔德反应(Diels-Alder),生成呋喃-三蝶烯异构体混合物5;
S3、呋喃-三蝶烯异构体混合物5与相应的并苯类1,4-苯醌和3,6-二(2-吡啶基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪进行逆-狄尔斯-阿尔德反应(Retro Diels-Alder reaction),生成氧代三蝶烯并苯酮异构体混合物6;
S4、氧代三蝶烯并苯酮异构体混合物6与1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯(DBU)和碘化锂反应生成三蝶烯并苯酮衍生物7;
S5、三蝶烯并苯酮衍生物7与相应的R基团所对应的原料和金属锂试剂进行迈克尔加成反应后再脱水生成相应的产物;
其中,R基团包括乙炔基时,所对应的原料为对应的乙炔;R基团不包括乙炔基时,所对应的原料为卤素取代的R基团化合物。
在以上化合物7和8的合成方法中,优选地,S1中,所述溴化试剂为溴素或N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺(NBS)。本发明经过条件优化,优选溴素作为溴化试剂,其产率较高。
优选地,S1中,所述溴化试剂的摩尔量为三蝶烯的6倍以上。
优选地,S2中,所述呋喃的摩尔量为化合物4的3倍以上,正丁基锂的摩尔量为化合物4的3倍以上。
优选地,S3中,所述相应的并苯类1,4-苯醌的摩尔量为化合物5的3倍以上,3,6-二(2-吡啶基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪的摩尔量为化合物5的3倍以上。
优选地,S4中,所述1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯(DBU)的摩尔量为化合物6的3倍以上,碘化锂的摩尔量为化合物6的3倍以上。
优选地,S5中,所述R基团所对应的原料的摩尔量为化合物7的6倍以上,正丁基锂的摩尔量为R基团所对应的原料的1倍以上。
以上化合物3和8的合成方案中,优选地,所述金属锂试剂为正丁基锂、异丙基锂、仲丁基锂、叔丁基锂、戊基锂或己基锂。
由化合物2或7与还原剂经还原反应得R为氢原子的相应产物;所述还原剂为氢化锂铝、硼氢化钠、硼氢化钾或氯化亚锡。本发明经过条件优化,优选氢化锂铝、硼氢化钠或氯化亚锡作为还原剂。
本发明首次以三蝶烯为母核设计合成了一系列线性并苯类化合物的三聚体,并研究了其在有机光电器件中的应用。从瞬态吸收光谱中分析可知,该类骨架的化合物具有高效的单线态裂分性能;表明其在提高太阳能电池能量转换效率方面以及有机光电材料方面具有可观应用前景。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例中化合物8-1-1瞬态吸收光谱图。
图2为本发明实施例中化合物8-2-1瞬态吸收光谱图。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明,下面结合优选实施例对本发明做进一步的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解,下面所具体描述的内容是说明性的而非限制性的,不应以此限制本发明的保护范围。
本发明在所列举出来的优选实施例中所使用的条件均为经过条件优化筛选出的最优条件,并不代表其他所列条件不可实现相应的反应以得到相应的产物,只是产率会有所下降。
实施例1
本实施例合成化合物2-1和3-1-1
化合物1-1的合成
在氮气保护的条件下,将三蝶烯(1.0g,3.9mmol),邻苯二甲酸酐(3.7g,24.9mmol)和50mL四氯乙烯加入到100mL三口瓶中,搅拌均匀后,将三氯化铝(6.5g,48.7mmol)缓慢加入。115℃加热回流16h。反应完全后冷却至室温,倒入5%盐酸的冰水中,搅拌30min。将固体过滤,水洗,真空干燥。将得到的粗产品溶解到100mL乙腈中,过滤,滤液旋干得三蝶烯酮酸衍生物1-1(2.3g),收率为84%。三蝶烯酮酸衍生物1-1为两种空间异构体的混合物,直接用于下一步反应。
化合物2-1的合成
将化合物1-1(1g,1.43mmol)加入到20mL浓硫酸中120℃回流16h,反应完全后,冷却至室温,缓慢加入到冰水中,过滤,真空干燥,得到棕色固体化合物2-1(0.7g),收率为68%。
实施例2
本实施例合成化合物3-1-1
化合物3-1-1的合成
在氮气保护的条件下,将三异丙基硅基乙炔(4.2mL,18.7mmol),溶解于10mL乙醚中,冷却至0℃,然后在30min内将3.3mL正丁基锂(2.5M)缓慢滴入混合液中,0℃搅拌1h。然后将化合物2-1(0.5g,0.78mmol)的四氢呋喃(10mL)的混合悬浮液一次性加入,随后升至室温继续搅拌12h。待反应完全后,向反应液中滴加10mL 10%盐酸的氯化亚锡饱和溶液,继续搅拌1h。分液,上层有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去溶剂。使用纯石油醚为展开剂柱层析分离,得淡黄色产物3-1-1(319mg),收率为25%。1H NMR(400MHz,Chloroform-d)δ8.73(s,6H),8.56(dd,J=6.7,3.2Hz,6H),7.54(dd,J=6.8,3.1Hz,6H),5.74(s,2H),1.30–1.45(126H).HRMS(MALDI(N),100%):calcd(%)for C110H146Si6:1635.0034;found 1635.0026.
实施例3
本实施例合成化合物3-1-3
化合物3-1-3的合成
在氮气保护的条件下,将2,6-二异丙基溴苯(4.5g,18.7mmol),溶解于10mL乙醚中,冷却至0℃,然后在30min内将3.3mL正丁基锂(2.5M)缓慢滴入混合液中,0℃搅拌1h。然后将化合物2-1(0.5g,0.78mmol)的四氢呋喃(10mL)的混合悬浮液一次性加入,随后升至室温继续搅拌12h。待反应完全后,向反应液中滴加10mL10%盐酸的氯化亚锡饱和溶液,继续搅拌1h。分液,上层有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去溶剂。使用纯石油醚为展开剂柱层析分离,得淡黄色产物3-1-3。
实施例4
本实施例合成化合物7-1
化合物4的合成
在100mL两口瓶中加入三蝶烯(1g,3.9mmol),液溴(1.49mL,29mmoL),铁粉(73.7mg),碘(144.9mg),氯仿80mL,79℃回流,核磁检测反应进程,待反应完全后,冷却至室温,过滤,真空旋去溶剂,得六溴代三蝶烯4(2.5g),为白色固体,收率为90%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.62(s,6H),5.23(s,2H).
化合物5的合成
在100mL两口瓶中加入化合物4(0.5g,0.687mmol),呋喃1.5mL无水四氢呋喃60mL,氮气保护下,冷却到-40℃。缓慢滴加1mL(2.5M)正丁基锂,继续搅拌1h,加入2mL甲醇猝灭反应,升温至室温,减压除去溶剂,固体使用二氯甲烷溶解,过滤,滤液使用石油醚结晶,过滤得化合物5(0.2g),收率为64%。为白色固体,两种空间异构体的混合物。异构体的混合物1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ:7.28–7.22(m,6H),6.91–6.95(m,6H),5.56–5.58(m,6H),5.23(s,0.5H),5.15(s,1.5H).HRMS(MALDI(N),100%):calcd(%)for C32H21O3:453.1485;found453.1486.
化合物6-1的合成
在氮气保护的条件下,将化合物5(0.2g,0.44mmol),1,4萘醌(0.5g,3.16mmol)溶解到10mL无水氯仿中,将3,6-二-2-吡啶基-1,2,4,5-四嗪氯仿溶液(0.42g,1.78mmol溶解于5mL氯仿中)缓慢滴入反应瓶中,室温搅拌3d。反应完全后,加入大量甲醇,过滤,真空干燥,得化合物6-1(0.22g),收率为59%。白色固体,两种空间异构体的混合物,直接用于下一步反应。
化合物7-1的合成
在250mL两口瓶中加入化合物6-1(0.6g,0.687mmol),1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯(DBU,2mL,12.8mmol),无水碘化锂(0.2g,1.1mmol)无水四氢呋喃120mL,氮气保护下,70℃回流6h。冷却至室温,加入甲醇搅拌,过滤,得化合物7-1(0.45g),收率为82%,为棕色固体。
实施例5
本实施例合成化合物7-2
化合物6-2的合成
在氮气保护的条件下,将化合物5(0.2g,0.44mmol),1,4蒽醌(0.66g,3.16mmol)溶解到10mL无水氯仿中,将3,6-二-2-吡啶基-1,2,4,5-四嗪氯仿溶液(0.42g 1.78mmol溶解于5mL氯仿中)缓慢滴入反应瓶中,室温搅拌7d。反应完全后,加入大量甲醇,过滤,真空干燥,得化合物6-2(0.25g),收率为57%。为白色固体,两种空间异构体的混合物直接用于下一步反应。
化合物7-2的合成
在250mL两口瓶中加入化合物6-2(0.5g,0.504mmol),1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯(DBU,2mL,12.8mmol),无水碘化锂(0.2g,1.1mmol),无水四氢呋喃120mL,氮气保护下,70℃回流6h。冷却至室温,加入甲醇搅拌,过滤,得化合物7-2(0.35g),收率为73%,为棕色固体。
实施例6
本实施例合成化合物8-1-1
化合物8-1-1的合成
在氮气保护的条件下,将三异丙基硅基乙炔(0.8mL,2mmol)溶解于10mL乙醚中,冷却至0℃,然后在30min内将1mL正丁基锂(2.5M)缓慢滴入混合液中,0℃搅拌1h。然后将化合物7-1(0.1g,0.126mmol)的四氢呋喃(10mL)的混合悬浮液一次性加入,随后升至室温继续搅拌20h。待反应完全后,向反应液中滴加10mL 10%盐酸的氯化亚锡饱和溶液,继续搅拌1h。分液,上层有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去溶剂。使用纯石油醚为展开剂柱层析分离,得红色固体8-1-1(0.20g),收率为90%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.22(s,6H),8.58(dd,J=6.8,3.2Hz,6H),8.14(s,6H),7.50(dd,J=6.9,3.2Hz,6H),5.99(s,2H),1.34(d,J=4.5Hz,126H).HRMS(MALDI(N),100%):calcd(%)for C122H152Si6:1785.0510;found1785.0485.
实施例7
本实施例合成化合物8-2-1
化合物8-2-1的合成
在氮气保护的条件下,将三异丙基硅基乙炔(0.8mL,2mmol),溶解于10mL乙醚中,冷却至0℃,然后在30min内将1mL正丁基锂(2.5M)缓慢滴入混合液中,0℃搅拌1h。然后将化合物7-2(0.1g,0.106mmol)的四氢呋喃(10mL)的混合悬浮液一次性加入,随后升至室温继续搅拌20h。待反应完全后,向反应液中滴加10mL 10%盐酸的氯化亚锡饱和溶液,继续搅拌1h。分液,上层有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去溶剂。使用纯石油醚为展开剂柱层析分离,得绿色固体8-2-1(60mg),收率为30%。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ9.31(s,6H),8.63(dd,J=6.7,3.2Hz,6H),8.02(dd,J=6.5,3.1Hz,6H),7.54(dd,J=6.8,3.2Hz,6H),7.47(dd,J=6.6,3.1Hz,6H),5.99(s,2H),1.34(d,J=4.5Hz,126H).HRMS(MALDI(N),100%):calcd(%)for C134H158Si6:1935.0973;found 1935.0967.
实施例8
本实施例合成化合物3-2-2
在氮气保护的条件下,在100mL两口瓶中加入化合物2-2(50mg),硼氢化钠(0.2g)和四氢呋喃20mL。随后70℃回流过夜。待反应完全后,向反应液中滴加10mL 10%盐酸的氯化亚锡饱和溶液,继续搅拌1h。分液,上层有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,旋蒸除去溶剂。得红色固体3-2-2。
其他实施例
以下以三蝶烯和不同的并苯类邻苯二甲酸酐(对应不同的n)为原料,按照实施例1中的合成方法制备不同n取值的化合物2。然后以不同的化合物2与不同含乙炔基的R基团对应的乙炔按照实施例2中的合成方法,或者以不同的化合物2与卤素取代的不同的R基团(不含乙炔基)的原料按照实施例3中的合成方法制备不同的化合物3。以上具体过程不再重复描述;相应的原料及产物如下表1所示。
表1不同n与R的化合物2和化合物3
以下以使用不同的并苯类1,4苯醌(对应不同的m)为原料,按照实施例4和实施例5中的合成方法制备不同m取值的化合物7。然后以不同的化合物7与不同R基团按照实施例4和实施例7中的合成方法制备不同的化合物8。以上具体过程不再重复描述;相应的原料及产物如下表2所示。
表2不同m与R的化合物2和化合物3
单线态裂分性能测试
单重态激子裂分通常发生在飞秒到皮秒的时间尺度上,要研究裂分的基本物理化学过程,时间分辨的瞬态吸收光谱手段必不可少。瞬态吸收光谱中,单重激发态、三重激发态以及极化子等瞬态组分均有其对应的特征吸收峰。本发明从制备出的产物中选择两个代表(化合物8-1和化合物8-2)进行瞬态吸收光谱分析,如图1和图2所示,从其瞬态吸收光谱中分析可知,该类以三碟烯为母核纵向扩展的并苯类三聚体化合物具有高效的单线态裂分性能。表明其在提高太阳能能量转换效率方面以及有机光电材料方面具有可观应用前景。
显然,本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定,对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动,这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举,凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。
Claims (10)
1.一种基于三蝶烯的线性并苯类化合物,其特征在于,其结构式如T-X所示:
i为0-5的自然数;
R为硅烷基乙炔基、含取代基的硅烷基乙炔基、烷基乙炔基、含取代基的烷基乙炔基、烷氧基乙炔基、含取代基的烷氧基乙炔基、芳香基乙炔基、含取代基的芳香基乙炔基、杂环芳香基乙炔基、含取代基的杂环芳香基乙炔基、杂环基乙炔基、含取代基的杂环基乙炔基、硅烷基、含取代基的硅烷基、烷基、含取代基的烷基、烷氧基、含取代基的烷氧基、芳香基、含取代基的芳香基、杂环芳香基、含取代基的杂环芳香基、杂环基、含取代基的杂环基或氢原子;当R为氢原子时,i不为0;
优选地,所述含取代基的硅烷基乙炔基、含取代基的烷基乙炔基、含取代基的烷氧基乙炔基、含取代基的硅烷基、含取代基的烷基、含取代基的烷氧基中的取代基独立的为:氟原子、氯原子、溴原子、碘原子、氰基、硝基、氨基、酯基、羰基、羧基、羟基、巯基、芳香基、杂环芳香基或杂环基;
所述含取代基的芳香基乙炔基、含取代基的杂环芳香基乙炔基、含取代基的杂环基乙炔基、含取代基的芳香基、含取代基的杂环芳香基、含取代基的杂环基中的取代基独立的为:烷基、氟原子、氯原子、溴原子、碘原子、氰基、硝基、氨基、酯基、羰基、羧基、羟基、巯基、芳香基、杂环芳香基或杂环基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于三蝶烯的线性并苯类化合物,其特征在于,所述基于三蝶烯的线性并苯类化合物的结构式如T-A和T-T所示:
其中,n为1-5的自然数,m为0-5的自然数;
优选地,R为硅烷基乙炔基、烷基乙炔基、烷氧基乙炔基、芳香基乙炔基、杂环芳香基乙炔基、杂环基乙炔基、硅烷基、烷基、烷氧基、芳香基、杂环芳香基、杂环基或氢原子;
更优选地,R为三异丙基硅基乙炔基、三甲基硅基乙炔基、三乙基硅烷基乙炔基、丁基乙炔基、丁氧基乙炔基、苯基乙炔基、对乙基苯乙炔基、2-吡啶基乙炔基、三甲基硅基丁基、正辛烷基、二异丙基苯基、丁基噻吩基或氢原子;
优选地,所述基于三蝶烯的线性并苯类化合物的结构结构式如T-B和T-C所示:
其中,n为1-5的自然数,m为0-5的自然数;
优选地,结构式T-A、T-T、T-B和T-C中,n为1、2或3,m为1或2。
S1、将三蝶烯与相应的并苯类邻苯二甲酸酐通过傅克酰基化反应,得到中间体1;
S2、将中间体1在质子酸中加热回流继续发生傅克酰基化反应,得到中间体2;
S3、将中间体2与相应的R基团所对应的原料和金属锂试剂进行迈克尔加成反应后再脱水生成相应的产物;
其中,R基团包括乙炔基时,所对应的原料为对应的乙炔;R基团不包括乙炔基时,所对应的原料为卤素取代的R基团化合物;
优选地,当R为氢原子时,S3为:
由化合物2与还原剂经还原反应得R为氢原子的相应产物;所述还原剂为氢化锂铝、硼氢化钠、硼氢化钾或氯化亚锡;
优选所述还原剂为氢化锂铝、硼氢化钠或氯化亚锡。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的的合成方法,其特征在于,所述并苯类邻苯二甲酸酐的摩尔量是三蝶烯的3倍以上;
优选地,S1中的傅克酰基化反应的溶剂为四氯乙烯、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯苯或甲苯;
优选地,S1中的傅克酰基化反应是在路易斯酸的作用下加热反应的;
更优选地,所述路易斯酸为三氯化铝、三氯化铁、三氟化硼或三氯化钴;所述路易斯酸的摩尔量是三蝶烯的3倍以上;所述加热的温度为25℃~180℃;优选地,所述路易斯酸为三氯化铝,加热至100~180℃;
优选地,所述质子酸为硫酸、盐酸、乙酸、甲基磺酸、三氟甲磺酸、多聚磷酸或三氟乙酸;更优选地,所述质子酸为硫酸。
S1、三蝶烯与溴化试剂进行反应,生成六溴取代的三蝶烯4;
S2、六溴取代的三蝶烯4与呋喃进行狄尔斯-阿尔德反应,生成呋喃-三蝶烯异构体混合物5;
S3、呋喃-三蝶烯异构体混合物5与相应的并苯类1,4-苯醌和3,6-二(2-吡啶基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪进行逆-狄尔斯-阿尔德反应,生成氧代三蝶烯并苯酮异构体混合物6;
S4、氧代三蝶烯并苯酮异构体混合物6与1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯和碘化锂反应生成相应的产物;
优选地,S1中,所述溴化试剂为溴素或N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺;更有选为溴素;
优选地,S1中,所述溴化试剂的摩尔量为三蝶烯的6倍以上;
优选地,S2中,所述呋喃的摩尔量为化合物4的3倍以上,正丁基锂的摩尔量为化合物4的3倍以上;
优选地,S3中,所述相应的并苯类1,4-苯醌的摩尔量为化合物5的3倍以上,3,6-二(2-吡啶基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪的摩尔量为化合物5的3倍以上;
优选地,S4中,所述1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯的摩尔量为化合物6的3倍以上,碘化锂的摩尔量为化合物6的3倍以上。
S1、三蝶烯与溴化试剂进行反应,生成六溴取代的三蝶烯4;
S2、六溴取代的三蝶烯4与呋喃进行狄尔斯-阿尔德反应,生成呋喃-三蝶烯异构体混合物5;
S3、呋喃-三蝶烯异构体混合物5与相应的并苯类1,4-苯醌和3,6-二(2-吡啶基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪进行逆-狄尔斯-阿尔德反应,生成氧代三蝶烯并苯酮异构体混合物6;
S4、氧代三蝶烯并苯酮异构体混合物6与1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯和碘化锂反应生成三蝶烯并苯酮衍生物7;
S5、三蝶烯并苯酮衍生物7与相应的R基团所对应的原料和金属锂试剂进行迈克尔加成反应后再脱水生成相应的产物;
其中,R基团包括乙炔基时,所对应的原料为对应的乙炔;R基团不包括乙炔基时,所对应的原料为卤素取代的R基团化合物;
优选地,当R为氢原子时,S5为:
由化合物7与还原剂经还原反应得R为氢原子的相应产物;所述还原剂为氢化锂铝、硼氢化钠、硼氢化钾或氯化亚锡;更优选地,所述还原剂为氢化锂铝、硼氢化钠或氯化亚锡;
优选地,S1中,所述溴化试剂为溴素或N-溴代琥珀酰亚胺;更有选为溴素;
优选地,S1中,所述溴化试剂的摩尔量为三蝶烯的6倍以上;
优选地,S2中,所述呋喃的摩尔量为化合物4的3倍以上,正丁基锂的摩尔量为化合物4的3倍以上;
优选地,S3中,所述相应的并苯类1,4-苯醌的摩尔量为化合物5的3倍以上,3,6-二(2-吡啶基)-1,2,4,5-四嗪的摩尔量为化合物5的3倍以上;
优选地,S4中,所述1,8-二氮杂二环十一碳-7-烯的摩尔量为化合物6的3倍以上,碘化锂的摩尔量为化合物6的3倍以上;
优选地,S5中,所述R基团所对应的原料的摩尔量为化合物7的6倍以上,正丁基锂的摩尔量为R基团所对应的原料的1倍以上。
9.根据权利要求5或8所述的的合成方法,其特征在于,所述金属锂试剂为正丁基锂、异丙基锂、仲丁基锂、叔丁基锂、戊基锂或己基锂。
10.权利要求1-3任一项所述基于三碟烯的线性并苯类化合物在有机光电器件中的应用。
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