CN112280524A - 一种改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫LED封装胶的制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
一种改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫LED封装胶的制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于胶粘剂技术领域,具体涉及一种改性ZnO‑ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫LED封装胶的制备方法及应用,该制备方法的步骤包括:用α,ω‑二羟基聚硅氧烷和甲基含氢硅油制备硅橡胶泡沫,然后以ZrOCl2·8H2O和乙酸锌为原料在泡沫上先后负载ZrO2和ZnO,随后再用巯基改性得到改性ZnO‑ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫;最后将改性ZnO‑ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫和酚醛乙烯基树脂、苯二甲酸二辛酯等材料混合制得LED封装胶。本发明所述封装胶具有优异的拉伸强度和光折射率。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于胶粘剂技术领域,具体涉及一种改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫LED封装胶的制备方法及应用。
背景技术
发光二极管(LED)作为光源的照明技术与使用传统电灯泡或日光灯等光源的照明技术相比,具有耗电量少、寿命长、色彩丰富等特点。近年来随着LED发光效率的提升、综合成本的逐步降低以及政府大力推广的节能政策,我国LED通用照明行业发展迅速,LED照明产品已经占据了整个照明电器行业销售总额的七成之多。在屏幕显示、植物照明、汽车用灯等领域均有极大的应用潜力。
封装胶材料是LED照明器件的关键支撑材料,直接决定了LED器件的性能。理想的封装胶材料需要具有良好的水氧阻隔功能,以防止芯片长期在空气中暴露或机械损伤而失效;同时还需要具有良好的光透过性与高折射率,从而保证LED照明器件具有较高的光提取效率。随着LED芯片的迅速发展,特别是具有宽禁带、高热导率、强击穿场等特点的第三代半导体芯片的迅速发展,对于封装胶材料有了更高的要求。
现有商业化的GaN芯片折射率为2.45,而传统的环氧树脂和有机硅等封装胶材料折射率为1.4-1.6;因此芯片发出的光射到封装胶与芯片的界面时,若入射角增大到某临界角,则会发生全反射现象,从而导致出光率低。低的出光率导致全反射的光被芯片吸收后转化为热能,影响了LED照明器件的光提取效率和使用寿命。
发明内容
针对现有的封装胶的折射率低、透明度和粘结能力仍需提升的技术缺陷,本发明提供一种改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫LED封装胶的制备方法及应用。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:
本发明提供一种改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫LED封装胶的制备及使用方法,具体如下:
制备方法:将重量份为30-50份的酚醛乙烯基树脂、40-60份的改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫和苯二甲酸二辛酯10-15份、乙二醇4-6份、丙烯酸丁酯2-3份、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌0.1-0.3份在混料机中搅拌混合60-70min,搅拌均匀后向混合物中加入10-20份的六亚甲基四胺,并在50-60℃的环境中继续搅拌20-30min得到封装胶。
使用方法:将胶液真空脱泡后注入LED模具中,静置3-4h后将产品取出,并置于130-140℃真空干燥箱中固化3-4h后即得完成对LED的封装。
本发明还提供另一上述封装胶制备中的改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫复合材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
步骤一:向适量的α,ω-二羟基聚硅氧烷中先后加入一定量的甲基含氢硅油和2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇,室温下搅拌1-2h得到基础胶料;然后加入适量氯铂酸并快速搅拌3-5min后将混合溶液置于模具中24-30h,进行脱氢发泡和交联固化;固化完成后将得到样品在50-60℃的干燥箱中保温4-6h得到硅橡胶泡沫。
步骤二:将适量的ZrOCl2·8H2O加入去离子水中超声5-8min得到溶液,然后在60-65℃的水浴搅拌的环境下向溶液中缓慢滴入适量的尿素的水溶液,滴加完成后继续搅拌15-20min得到混合溶液,随后将步骤一制备的硅橡胶泡沫浸于混合溶液中静置50-60min,然后将混合溶液置于反应釜的内衬中,在180-200℃下反应10-12h,冷却至室温后过滤并用无水乙醇和去离子水交替洗涤3次,冻干后得到ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫复合材料。
步骤三:将适量的乙酸锌加入无水乙醇-乙二醇混合液中,然后向溶液中滴加适量的氨水,滴加完成后将ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫加入其中搅拌20-30min得到混合溶液;然后将混合溶液置于反应釜中在90-95℃的温度下反应9-12h,冷却至室温后用无水乙醇和去离子水将样品交替洗涤至洗涤液呈中性,随后置于120-130℃下干燥8-10h,得到ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料。
步骤四:将ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫置于无水乙醇-去离子水混合溶液中,超声20-30min后向混合溶液中加入适量γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷,并在氮气保护下室温搅拌8-10h,然后用无水乙醇和去离子水交替洗涤3次,随后将洗涤过的材料置于70-80℃的真空干燥箱中干燥5-6h得到巯基改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料。
所述步骤一中甲基含氢硅油和α,ω-二羟基聚硅氧烷的质量比为1:6-1:8,2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇和α,ω-二羟基聚硅氧烷的质量比为1:50-1:60,氯铂酸和α,ω-二羟基聚硅氧烷的质量比为1:25-1:30。
所述步骤二中ZrOCl2·8H2O和硅橡胶泡沫的质量比为1.26:1-1.47:1;ZrOCl2·8H2O和尿素的物质的量之比为1:1.2-1:1.5。
所述步骤三中乙酸锌和硅橡胶泡沫的质量比为0.61:1-0.92:1,无水乙醇-乙二醇混合液中两种体积比为8:1-10:1。
所述步骤四中γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷和无水乙醇-去离子水混合液的体积比为1:7-1:9。
优选地,所述步骤一中交联固化时温度为25-30℃,R.H.为50-70%。
优选地,所述步骤二中ZrOCl2·8H2O在去离子水中的浓度为0.15g/ml;尿素的水溶液的浓度为0.08g/ml,滴加速度为3ml/min。
优选地,所述步骤三中乙酸锌在无水乙醇-乙二醇混合液中的浓度为0.15g/ml,氨水的添加量可以将溶液的pH值调至10.5左右。
优选地,所述步骤四中ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫在无水乙醇-去离子水混合液中的浓度为0.2g/ml,无水乙醇-去离子水混合液中两者体积比为2:1-3:1。
本发明还提供另一技术方案,上述方法制备得到的改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料,其中ZrO2在硅橡胶泡沫上的负载量为48-56wt%;ZnO在硅橡胶泡沫上的负载量为27-41wt%。
有益效果:本发明制备的LED封装胶以改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫为主要添加材料。ZrO2在封装胶中可以大大降低胶体的热膨胀系数,提高LED的光通量;而本发明制备的ZrO2的粒径较小,平均晶粒度在68.3nm左右,可以有效的增强封装胶的折射率。同时ZrO2和硅橡胶泡沫的复合使其均匀的分布在硅橡胶泡沫基体上,保证了后续封装胶制备过程中复合材料在和树脂的均匀混合,可以防止单一ZrO2在树脂中的团聚;而且硅橡胶泡沫在封装胶中还能显著的提高其拉伸性能。ZnO的形状为中空的球形,和ZrO2的混合一方面可以提高ZrO2颗粒的分散程度,还有提高复合材料-封装胶的结合强度和增强封装胶的抗紫外线能力的作用。对材料的巯基改性可以改善制得封装胶的粘度,而且在后续复合材料和树脂等材料混合制备封装胶的过程中巯基和树脂的乙烯基可以发生反应,交联成型,提高了封装胶的固化效率。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
实施例1
(1)改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫的制备:
步骤一:向10g的α,ω-二羟基聚硅氧烷中先后加入1.7g甲基含氢硅油和0.2g的2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇,室温下搅拌1h得到基础胶料;然后加入0.4g氯铂酸并快速搅拌3min后将混合溶液置于模具中24h,进行脱氢发泡和交联固化;固化完成后将得到样品在50℃的干燥箱中保温6h得到硅橡胶泡沫。
步骤二:将10.1g的ZrOCl2·8H2O加入62.7ml去离子水中超声5min得到溶液,然后在65℃的水浴搅拌的环境下向溶液中缓慢滴入28.3ml的尿素的水溶液,滴加完成后继续搅拌20min得到混合溶液,随后将8g硅橡胶泡沫浸于混合溶液中静置50min,然后将混合溶液置于反应釜的内衬中,在180℃下反应12h,冷却至室温后过滤并用无水乙醇和去离子水交替洗涤3次,冻干后得到ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫复合材料。
步骤三:将6.16g乙酸锌加入36.5ml无水乙醇和4.6ml乙二醇的混合液中,然后向溶液中滴加适量的氨水,滴加完成后将ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫加入其中搅拌20min得到混合溶液;然后将混合溶液置于反应釜中在90℃的温度下反应12h,冷却至室温后用无水乙醇和去离子水将样品交替洗涤至洗涤液呈中性,随后置于130℃下干燥8h,得到ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料。
步骤四:将14.5g的ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫置于48.3ml无水乙醇和24.2ml去离子水的混合液中,超声20min后向混合溶液中加入10.4ml的γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷,并在氮气保护下室温搅拌8h,然后用无水乙醇和去离子水交替洗涤3次,随后将洗涤过的材料置于80℃的真空干燥箱中干燥6h得到巯基改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料。
(2)LED封装胶的制备
将7.5g酚醛乙烯基树脂、10g改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫、3.75g苯二甲酸二辛酯、1.5g乙二醇、0.75g丙烯酸丁酯和0.075g二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌搅拌混合70min,搅拌均匀后向混合物中加入5g的六亚甲基四胺,并在50℃的环境中继续搅拌20min得到封装胶。
按照本方法制得的封装胶的拉伸强度为22.8MPa,对于550nm波长的光的折射率为1.78,透光率为95%。
实施例2
(1)改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫的制备:
步骤一:向13g的α,ω-二羟基聚硅氧烷中先后加入1.63g甲基含氢硅油和0.22g的2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇,室温下搅拌2h得到基础胶料;然后加入0.43g氯铂酸并快速搅拌4min后将混合溶液置于模具中30h,进行脱氢发泡和交联固化;固化完成后将得到样品在60℃的干燥箱中保温4h得到硅橡胶泡沫。
步骤二:将15.3g的ZrOCl2·8H2O加入102ml去离子水中超声8min得到溶液,然后在60℃的水浴搅拌的环境下向溶液中缓慢滴入53.4ml的尿素的水溶液,滴加完成后继续搅拌15min得到混合溶液,随后将10.4g硅橡胶泡沫浸于混合溶液中静置60min,然后将混合溶液置于反应釜的内衬中,在200℃下反应10h,冷却至室温后过滤并用无水乙醇和去离子水交替洗涤3次,冻干后得到ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫复合材料。
步骤三:将9.57g乙酸锌加入58ml无水乙醇和5.8ml乙二醇的混合液中,然后向溶液中滴加适量的氨水,滴加完成后将ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫加入其中搅拌30min得到混合溶液;然后将混合溶液置于反应釜中在95℃的温度下反应11h,冷却至室温后用无水乙醇和去离子水将样品交替洗涤至洗涤液呈中性,随后置于120℃下干燥10h,得到ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料。
步骤四:将20.4g的ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫置于76.5ml无水乙醇和25.5ml去离子水的混合液中,超声30min后向混合溶液中加入11.3ml的γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷,并在氮气保护下室温搅拌10h,然后用无水乙醇和去离子水交替洗涤3次,随后将洗涤过的材料置于70℃的真空干燥箱中干燥5h得到巯基改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料。
(2)LED封装胶的制备
将13.3g酚醛乙烯基树脂、16g改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫、4g苯二甲酸二辛酯、1.1g乙二醇、0.55g丙烯酸丁酯和0.027g二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌搅拌混合67min,搅拌均匀后向混合物中加入2.7g的六亚甲基四胺,并在60℃的环境中继续搅拌30min得到封装胶。
按照本方法制得的封装胶的拉伸强度为23.2MPa,对于550nm波长的光的折射率为1.75,透光率为93%。
实施例3
(1)改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫的制备:
步骤一:向12g的α,ω-二羟基聚硅氧烷中先后加入1.9g甲基含氢硅油和0.24g的2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇,室温下搅拌2h得到基础胶料;然后加入0.47g氯铂酸并快速搅拌5min后将混合溶液置于模具中27h,进行脱氢发泡和交联固化;固化完成后将得到样品在53℃的干燥箱中保温5.5h得到硅橡胶泡沫。
步骤二:将12.5g的ZrOCl2·8H2O加入83.3ml去离子水中超声7min得到溶液,然后在63℃的水浴搅拌的环境下向溶液中缓慢滴入38.5ml的尿素的水溶液,滴加完成后继续搅拌17min得到混合溶液,随后将9.6g硅橡胶泡沫浸于混合溶液中静置53min,然后将混合溶液置于反应釜的内衬中,在186℃下反应11h,冷却至室温后过滤并用无水乙醇和去离子水交替洗涤3次,冻干后得到ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫复合材料。
步骤三:将7.68g乙酸锌加入46.1ml无水乙醇和5.1ml乙二醇的混合液中,然后向溶液中滴加适量的氨水,滴加完成后将ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫加入其中搅拌26min得到混合溶液;然后将混合溶液置于反应釜中在92℃的温度下反应10h,冷却至室温后用无水乙醇和去离子水将样品交替洗涤至洗涤液呈中性,随后置于126℃下干燥9.5h,得到ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料。
步骤四:将17.3g的ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫置于57.7ml无水乙醇和28.8ml去离子水的混合液中,超声26min后向混合溶液中加入8.1ml的γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷,并在氮气保护下室温搅拌9.5h,然后用无水乙醇和去离子水交替洗涤3次,随后将洗涤过的材料置于73℃的真空干燥箱中干燥5h得到巯基改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料。
(2)LED封装胶的制备
将13.8g酚醛乙烯基树脂、13.8g改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫、4.1g苯二甲酸二辛酯、1.66g乙二醇、0.69g丙烯酸丁酯和0.083g二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌搅拌混合64min,搅拌均匀后向混合物中加入5.5g的六亚甲基四胺,并在53℃的环境中继续搅拌26min得到封装胶。
按照本方法制得的封装胶的拉伸强度为22.4MPa,对于663nm波长的光的折射率为1.81,透光率为96%。
实施例4
(1)改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫的制备:
步骤一:向13.8g的α,ω-二羟基聚硅氧烷中先后加入2.3g甲基含氢硅油和0.28g的2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇,室温下搅拌1.5h得到基础胶料;然后加入0.49g氯铂酸并快速搅拌5min后将混合溶液置于模具中28h,进行脱氢发泡和交联固化;固化完成后将得到样品在57℃的干燥箱中保温5h得到硅橡胶泡沫。
步骤二:将15.2g的ZrOCl2·8H2O加入101.3ml去离子水中超声6min得到溶液,然后在61℃的水浴搅拌的环境下向溶液中缓慢滴入45.6ml的尿素的水溶液,滴加完成后继续搅拌19min得到混合溶液,随后将11g硅橡胶泡沫浸于混合溶液中静置57min,然后将混合溶液置于反应釜的内衬中,在192℃下反应11h,冷却至室温后过滤并用无水乙醇和去离子水交替洗涤3次,冻干后得到ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫复合材料。
步骤三:将6.93g乙酸锌加入36.5ml无水乙醇和4.6ml乙二醇的混合液中,然后向溶液中滴加适量的氨水,滴加完成后将ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫加入其中搅拌28min得到混合溶液;然后将混合溶液置于反应釜中在93℃的温度下反应9h,冷却至室温后用无水乙醇和去离子水将样品交替洗涤至洗涤液呈中性,随后置于123℃下干燥8.5h,得到ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料。
步骤四:将19.8g的ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫置于66.1ml无水乙醇和33ml去离子水的混合液中,超声28min后向混合溶液中加入12.4ml的γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷,并在氮气保护下室温搅拌8.5h,然后用无水乙醇和去离子水交替洗涤3次,随后将洗涤过的材料置于78℃的真空干燥箱中干燥5.5h得到巯基改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料。
(2)LED封装胶的制备
将12.4g酚醛乙烯基树脂、13.9g改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫、3.8g苯二甲酸二辛酯、1.5g乙二醇、0.77g丙烯酸丁酯和0.093g二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌搅拌混合60min,搅拌均匀后向混合物中加入5.6g的六亚甲基四胺,并在57℃的环境中继续搅拌28min得到封装胶。
按照本方法制得的封装胶的拉伸强度为22.5MPa,对于550nm波长的光的折射率为1.79,透光率为95%。
以上所述,仅为本发明的较佳实施例,并非对本发明任何形式上和实质上的限制,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员,在不脱离本发明方法的前提下,还将可以做出若干改进和补充,这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫LED封装胶的制备方法,其特征在于,该封装胶的具体步骤如下:
将重量份为30-50份的酚醛乙烯基树脂、40-60份的改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫和苯二甲酸二辛酯10-15份、乙二醇4-6份、丙烯酸丁酯2-3份、二烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌0.1-0.3份在混料机中搅拌混合60-70min,搅拌均匀后向混合物中加入10-20份的六亚甲基四胺,并在50-60℃的环境中继续搅拌20-30min得到封装胶。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫LED封装胶的制备方法,其特征在于,改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫的制备方法如下:
步骤一:向α,ω-二羟基聚硅氧烷中先后加入甲基含氢硅油和2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇,室温下搅拌1-2h得到基础胶料;然后加入氯铂酸并快速搅拌3-5min后将混合溶液置于模具中24-30h,进行脱氢发泡和交联固化;固化完成后将得到样品在50-60℃的干燥箱中保温4-6h得到硅橡胶泡沫;
步骤二:将ZrOCl2·8H2O加入去离子水中超声5-8min得到溶液,然后在60-65℃的水浴搅拌的环境下向溶液中缓慢滴入尿素的水溶液,滴加完成后继续搅拌15-20min得到混合溶液,随后将步骤一制备的硅橡胶泡沫浸于混合溶液中静置50-60min,然后将混合溶液置于反应釜的内衬中,在180-200℃下反应10-12h,冷却至室温后过滤并用无水乙醇和去离子水交替洗涤3次,冻干后得到ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫复合材料;
步骤三:将乙酸锌加入无水乙醇-乙二醇混合液中,然后向溶液中滴加氨水,滴加完成后将ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫加入其中搅拌20-30min得到混合溶液;然后将混合溶液置于反应釜中在90-95℃的温度下反应9-12h,冷却至室温后用无水乙醇和去离子水将样品交替洗涤至洗涤液呈中性,随后置于120-130℃下干燥8-10h,得到ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料;
步骤四:将ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫置于无水乙醇-去离子水混合溶液中,超声20-30min后向混合溶液中加入γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷,并在氮气保护下室温搅拌8-10h,然后用无水乙醇和去离子水交替洗涤3次,随后将洗涤过的材料置于70-80℃的真空干燥箱中干燥5-6h得到巯基改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫材料;
所述步骤一中甲基含氢硅油和α,ω-二羟基聚硅氧烷的质量比为1:6-1:8,2-甲基-3-丁炔-2-醇和α,ω-二羟基聚硅氧烷的质量比为1:50-1:60,氯铂酸和α,ω-二羟基聚硅氧烷的质量比为1:25-1:30;所述步骤二中ZrOCl2·8H2O和硅橡胶泡沫的质量比为1.26:1-1.47:1;ZrOCl2·8H2O和尿素的物质的量之比为1:1.2-1:1.5;所述步骤三中乙酸锌和硅橡胶泡沫的质量比为0.61:1-0.92:1,无水乙醇-乙二醇混合液中两种体积比为8:1-10:1;所述步骤四中γ-巯丙基三甲氧基硅烷和无水乙醇-去离子水混合液的体积比为1:7-1:9。
3.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤一中交联固化时温度为25-30℃,R.H.为50-70%。
4.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤二中ZrOCl2·8H2O在去离子水中的浓度为0.15g/ml;尿素的水溶液的浓度为0.08g/ml,滴加速度为3ml/min。
5.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤三中乙酸锌在无水乙醇-乙二醇混合液中的浓度为0.15g/ml,氨水的添加量可以将溶液的pH值调至10.5左右。
6.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤四中ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫在无水乙醇-去离子水混合液中的浓度为0.2g/ml,无水乙醇-去离子水混合液中两者体积比为2:1-3:1。
7.根据权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,改性ZnO-ZrO2/硅橡胶泡沫中ZrO2在硅橡胶泡沫上的负载量为48-56wt%;ZnO在硅橡胶泡沫上的负载量为27-41wt%。
8.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的制备方法制备得到的封装胶的使用方法,其特征在于,使用方法如下:
将胶液真空脱泡后注入LED模具中,静置3-4h后将产品取出,并置于130-140℃真空干燥箱中固化3-4h后即得完成对LED的封装。
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