CN112280175A - 抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管及其制备方法 - Google Patents
抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管及其制备方法,属于给排水管改性技术领域。本发明所述的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,包括以下质量份数的原料:聚丙烯100份、超高分子量聚乙烯5‑10份、POE 5‑10份、纳米氮化硼0.5‑2份、聚乙二醇0.3‑1份、偶联剂0.05‑0.2份、抗氧剂0.05~0.4份、抗静电剂0.02‑0.08份、单硬脂酸甘油酯0.05‑0.2份。本发明所述的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,具有良好的耐老化性、抗冲击性,力学性能优异;本发明同时提供了简单易行的制备方法。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管及其制备方法,属于给排水管改性技术领域。
背景技术
聚丙烯是一种半结晶的热塑性塑料,抗多种有机溶剂和酸碱腐蚀,在工业界有广泛的应用,是平常常见的高分子材料之一,生活中常见的有给水管和排水管等。PP中与侧甲基相连的主链骨架碳原子是叔碳原子,受甲基诱导效应变得更活泼,使聚丙烯比聚乙烯更容易受加工温度、氧、光、空气中的污染物等外部环境因素的影响,发生断裂而老化降解。例如泛黄、相对分子量下降、制品表面龟裂、光泽丧失,更为严重的是冲击强度、拉伸强度等力学性能大幅度的下降,从而造成材料的极大浪费。废弃的制品在自然条件下很难降解,进而给环境造成污染。
因此需要对聚丙烯进行改性,提高聚丙烯的耐老化性能和抗冲击性能已成为国内外的研究热点。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是,提供一种抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,其具有良好的耐老化性、抗冲击性,力学性能优异;本发明同时提供了简单易行的制备方法。
本发明所述的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,包括以下质量份数的原料:
所述的聚丙烯为均聚聚丙烯,其熔体质量流动速率(MFR)为10-40g/10min,MFR测试条件为230℃,2.16kg;均聚聚丙烯等规度97-99%。重均相对分子量为20万-35万,数均分子量为4万-5万,分量分布4-8。所述均聚聚丙烯的熔点为150-160℃。
所述的超高分子量聚乙烯粘均分子量为120万-150万,其磨耗低,抗应力开裂性能好,加入后,能显著改善聚丙烯因耐老化性能下降导致的抗冲击性差的问题。
所述的POE为聚烯烃弹性体,熔点为50-70℃,具有耐老化、耐臭氧、耐化学介质等优异性能,加入POE不仅可以对聚丙烯进行增韧,增加抗冲击性,还可改善聚丙烯的收缩率。
所述纳米氮化硼的纯度为99%,粒径为1-100nm,BET法比表面积为50-100m2/g,纵横比为13:1。纳米氮化硼是一种新型无机白色粉末,由于微粒的尺寸与光波相当或更小,从而会产生尺寸效应,进而使其具备较强的光吸收能力,同时也具备较好的紫外线遮蔽及散射效果。
所述聚乙二醇为白色颗粒粉末,粉体纯度98%,熔点55-60℃。分子量在2000-3000之间,溶于醇、酮、氯仿等,它与许多极性较高的物质配伍。经聚乙二醇改性的纳米氮化硼表面的极性降低,与高分子基体极性更匹配,在PP粉基体的分散性显著增强,再与PP树脂的高效混炼,实现了纳米氮化硼在PP粉树脂中的均匀分散;超高分子量聚乙烯的加工性能差,经过单硬脂酸甘油酯的润滑作用,使得超分子量聚乙烯利于加工成型。
所述偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂或铝酸酯偶联剂中的一种。
所述抗静电剂优选为丙三醇单硬脂酸酯。
所述的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将偶联剂加入到圆底烧瓶中,然后倒入异丙醇,搅拌使其溶解;称取聚乙二醇加入到偶联剂溶液中,加热回流并磁力搅拌,然后称取纳米氮化硼加入偶联剂溶液,继续加热回流并磁力搅拌,然后除去溶剂,剩余固体颗粒真空干燥,备用;
(2)加入聚丙烯粉料、超高分子量聚乙烯、POE、抗氧剂、抗静电剂、单硬脂酸甘油酯及步骤(1)处理过的纳米氮化硼;在高速搅拌器中混合搅拌;将混合的物料加入到双螺杆挤出机中,熔融、塑化、挤出、造粒,干燥制得产品。
步骤(2)中,在高速搅拌器中高速混合搅拌4-8分钟,搅拌速度为500-1000转/分钟,搅拌温度35-40℃;螺杆长径比为35-40,于190-220℃下熔融;挤出机主机转速150~220r/min,喂料转速35~50r/min,60-80℃干燥20-35分钟。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)本发明制备的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,具有良好的耐老化性,抗冲击性,具有良好的尺寸稳定性;
(2)使用本发明所述的配方,可赋予PP填充复合材料高效的光稳定性和耐候性,可显著延长复合材料的使用寿命;
(3)本发明通过加入超高分子量聚乙烯和POE,提高了聚丙烯的抗冲击性和韧性,通过加入POE和单硬脂酸甘油酯,使得超分子量聚乙烯利于加工成型,提高了主料的相容性;
(4)本发明所述的制备方法工艺简单,成本低廉,利于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,但其并不限制本发明的实施。
实施例1
一种抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,由以下质量份数的原料制得:
实施例2
一种抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,由以下质量份数的原料制得:
实施例3
一种抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,由以下质量份数的原料制得:
实施例4
一种抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,由以下质量份数的原料制得:
实施例1-4的制备步骤如下:
(1)将偶联剂加入到圆底烧瓶中,然后倒入异丙醇,用磁力搅拌器搅拌12分钟使其溶解。称取聚乙二醇加入到偶联剂溶液中,油浴加热回流并磁力搅拌15分钟,然后称取氮化硼加入偶联剂溶液,继续加热回流并磁力搅拌20分钟,然后用旋转蒸发仪除去溶剂,剩余固体颗粒放在110℃真空干燥箱干燥,每隔10分钟取出搅拌一次,以防固体颗粒与偶联剂溶液分层,从而影响偶联效果,得到的粉体会有少量结块,经振动磨再进行研磨粉碎,振动时间30分钟后备用。
(2)加入聚丙烯粉料、超高分子量聚乙烯、POE、抗氧剂、抗静电剂、单硬脂酸甘油酯及步骤(1)处理过的纳米氮化硼,在高速搅拌器中高速混合搅拌4分钟,其中,搅拌速度为800转/分钟,搅拌温度38±2℃;将混合均匀的物料加入到双螺杆挤出机中,螺杆长径比为38,于200±10℃下熔融、塑化、挤出、造粒,挤出机主机转速180r/min,喂料转速45r/min,70±10℃干燥30分钟制得产品。
对比例1
一种聚丙烯给排水管,由以下质量份数的原料制得:
实施例2
一种聚丙烯给排水管,由以下质量份数的原料制得:
对比例的制备步骤与实施例中的制备方法相同。
实施例和对比例制成的聚丙烯组合物粒料,经干燥后在德国MILACRON公司生产的K-TEC85型注射成型机上注塑制备性能测试试样。
按照如下国家标准和行业标准测试:
简支梁缺口冲击强度按照GB/T 1043-2008测试;
拉伸性能按GB/T1040.2-2006测试;
弯曲性能按照GB/T 9341-2008测试;
负荷变形温度按照GB/T 1634.2-2004测试;
黄色指数(粒料)按照HG_T 3862-2006测试;
氧化诱导时间:按照GB/T8807-1988进行测试。
成型收缩率按GB/T 17037.4-2003测试,指的是试样成型后在16-24h内,试验室温度下测量的干燥的试样和模塑它的模具型腔之间的尺寸差异,试样为60x 60x 2mm的小方片,测试试样的长度l1和宽度b1以及模具型腔的长度l0和宽度b0,平行于熔体流动方向的模塑收缩率SMp,在试样宽度的中间测定;垂直于熔体流动方向的模塑收缩率SMn,在试样长度的中间测定,计算公式为:SMp=100(l0-l1)/l0和SMn=100(b0-b1)/b0。
实施例1-4和对比例1-2的基本性能如下:
表1实施例1-4和对比例1-2的测试结果
通过实施例与对比例测试结果对比可知,对比例中的复合物在性能上都有各自的缺陷,或者耐老化性差,或者热变形温度低,或者韧性不足,或者收缩率虽然较低,但强度和弯曲模量也较低。
Claims (9)
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,其特征在于:聚丙烯为均聚聚丙烯,其熔体质量流动速率MFR为10-40g/10min,MFR测试条件为230℃,2.16kg;均聚聚丙烯等规度97-99%,重均相对分子量为20万-35万,数均分子量为4万-5万,分量分布4-8。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,其特征在于:超高分子量聚乙烯粘均分子量为120万-150万。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,其特征在于:纳米氮化硼的纯度为99%,粒径为1-100nm,BET法比表面积为50-100m2/g,纵横比为13:1。
5.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,其特征在于:聚乙二醇的分子量为2000-3000。
6.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,其特征在于:偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂、钛酸酯偶联剂或铝酸酯偶联剂中的一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管,其特征在于:抗静电剂为丙三醇单硬脂酸酯。
8.一种权利要求1-7任一所述的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
(1)将偶联剂加入到圆底烧瓶中,然后倒入异丙醇,搅拌使其溶解;称取聚乙二醇加入到偶联剂溶液中,加热回流并磁力搅拌,然后称取纳米氮化硼加入偶联剂溶液,继续加热回流并磁力搅拌,然后除去溶剂,剩余固体颗粒真空干燥,备用;
(2)加入聚丙烯粉料、超高分子量聚乙烯、POE、抗氧剂、抗静电剂、单硬脂酸甘油酯及步骤(1)处理过的纳米氮化硼;在高速搅拌器中混合搅拌;将混合的物料加入到双螺杆挤出机中,熔融、塑化、挤出、造粒,干燥制得产品。
9.根据权利要求8所述的抗冲击耐老化聚丙烯给排水管的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,在高速搅拌器中高速混合搅拌4-8分钟,搅拌速度为500-1000转/分钟,搅拌温度35-40℃;螺杆长径比为35-40,于190-220℃下熔融;挤出机主机转速150~220r/min,喂料转速35~50r/min,60-80℃干燥20-35分钟。
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