CN112265274A - 缝合装置 - Google Patents

缝合装置 Download PDF

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CN112265274A
CN112265274A CN202011084797.XA CN202011084797A CN112265274A CN 112265274 A CN112265274 A CN 112265274A CN 202011084797 A CN202011084797 A CN 202011084797A CN 112265274 A CN112265274 A CN 112265274A
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stitching
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H·J·格罗勒曼
L·凡蒂恩
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VMI Holland BV
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/62—Stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7802—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring
    • B29C65/782—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7823—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint
    • B29C65/7826—Positioning the parts to be joined, e.g. aligning, indexing or centring by setting the gap between the parts to be joined by using distance pieces, i.e. by using spacers positioned between the parts to be joined and forming a part of the joint said distance pieces being non-integral with the parts to be joined, e.g. particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4322—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms by joining a single sheet to itself
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/49—Internally supporting the, e.g. tubular, article during joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
    • B29C66/73751—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized
    • B29C66/73752—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being uncured, i.e. non cross-linked, non vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being uncured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81463—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint
    • B29C66/81469—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a plurality of single pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of sonotrodes, or comprising a plurality of single counter-pressing elements, e.g. a plurality of anvils, said plurality of said single elements being suitable for making a single joint one placed next to the other in a single line transverse to the feed direction, e.g. shoulder to shoulder sonotrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/824—Actuating mechanisms
    • B29C66/8242—Pneumatic or hydraulic drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
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    • B29C66/8362—Rollers, cylinders or drums moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
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    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
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    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
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    • B29D2030/421—General aspects of the joining methods and devices for creating the bands
    • B29D2030/422—Butt joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
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    • B29D2030/427—Positioning the bands at the joining areas
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    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Tyre Moulding (AREA)
  • Sewing Machines And Sewing (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种缝合装置和方法，所述装置包括分隔带，用于在分隔位置分隔工作面与前端和尾端，以形成一分隔空间；其中，所述装置包括缝合机单元，所述缝合机单元具有缝合机脚和缝合机头，所述缝合机脚用于从所述分隔空间支撑所述前端和尾端，所述缝合机头用于从所述分隔空间的外面在缝合机脚上缝合所述前端和尾端；其中，控制所述缝合机单元和所述分隔带的移动，使得在缝合时，所述分隔带沿缝合方向在缝合机单元前被收回。

Description

缝合装置
本申请是申请号为201680033907.5、申请日为2016年6月27日、发明名称为“用于将轮胎部件的前端和尾端缝合的装置”的PCT国际发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于沿对接线将轮胎部件的前端缝合到同一或另一轮胎部件的尾端的装置。
背景技术
US5348600A中公开了一种方法和装置，其中第一带形构件卷绕在成型鼓周围，随后，第二带形构件卷绕在成型鼓上的第一带形构件周围。每个带形构件的前端和尾端通过对接连接。两个带状构件的未硫化橡胶在接触时彼此紧密粘合。为了防止第二带形构件在连接前在对接线上与第一带形构件粘合，它们的前端和尾端被接在三棱柱形辅助杆的侧面上。抓持爪被插在辅助杆和上述各个前端和尾端之间，以在多个位置抓持前端和尾端，这些位置沿着所述前端和尾端设置，彼此隔开一定距离。前端和尾端随后从辅助杆上移除，后者向上移动。此时前端和尾端通过抓持爪形成对接接触。
当使用这些抓持爪移动前端和尾端以使其彼此对接时，带形构件的前端和尾端沿对接线起伏。因此，所述已知方法和装置的缺点在于，在沿着对接线的一些位置上，所述前端和尾端重叠，而在沿着所述对接线的其他位置上，所述前端和尾端彼此隔开一定距离虽然带形构件的前端和尾端可以通过连接辊连接以形成圆柱形构件，但由此产生的接头在对接线上不是恒定质量的。
本发明的目的是提供一种用于沿对接线将轮胎部件的前端缝合到同一或另一轮胎部件的尾端的装置，从而可以改善接头的质量。
发明内容
根据第一方面，本发明提供一种缝合装置，用于在工作面上沿对接线将轮胎部件的前端缝合到同一个或另一个轮胎部件的尾端，所述工作面被设置来支撑上述独立的一个或两个轮胎部件，其中所述装置包括：分隔带，用于在分隔位置将前端和尾端与工作面分隔，以形成分隔空间；缝合机单元，所述缝合机单元具有缝合机脚和缝合机头，所述缝合机脚用于从所述分隔空间沿对接线支撑所述前端和尾端，和所述缝合机头被设置用于在所述缝合机脚上从所述分隔空间的外面缝合所述前端和尾端；其中所述缝合机单元能在缝合方向沿着对接线被驱动，同时所述缝合机单元将所述前端缝合到尾端，所述分隔带能在缝合方向平行于对接线被收回；其中该装置还包括控制单元，所述控制单元被布置以控制所述缝合机单元和分隔带的移动，使得在缝合时，所述分隔带沿缝合方向在缝合机单元前被收回。
所述分隔带能够有效地将前端和尾端与工作面分开，防止所述端部在缝合之前粘附到工作面上。在缝合之前，所述前端和尾端可以通过收回分隔带被转移到前进的缝合机单元中。在缝合期间，回收的分隔带可以被保持在前进的缝合机单元的前面，从而避免分隔带干扰缝合机单元的缝合操作。
在一个实施方案中，控制单元用于使缝合机单元以一缝合速度在缝合方向上移动，同时控制单元用于在缝合方向上以等于或大于缝合单元的缝合速度的收回速度收回分隔带。由此，在整个缝合期间，沿缝合方向，分隔带可以被保持在缝合单元的前面。
在一个可替代实施方案中，所述缝合机头包括一套上缝合机轮，用于接合所述前端和尾端，并以一定的转速被驱动拖拉所述尾端和前端沿缝合线以缝合速度在缝合方向上前进。因此，通过控制所述上缝合辊的转速就可以控制所述缝合速度。
在一个实施方案中，所述控制单元被布置以在缝合期间在缝合方向上保持所述分隔带以恒定或基本恒定的间隙处于缝合机单元的前方。通过保持恒定的间隙，可以防止轮胎部件在分隔带和缝合机单元之间的未支撑间隙开始松弛或下垂。
在一个实施方案中，缝合机单元和分隔带被布置在缝合期间在缝合机单元和分隔带之间的间隙上不支撑所述前端和尾端。通过保持分隔带和缝合机单元之间的间隙，可以防止分隔带干扰缝合机单元的缝合操作。
在一个实施方案中，在缝合机单元和分隔带之间的间隙被最小化。由此，可以尽可能防止在分隔带和缝合机单元之间的轮胎部件的松弛下垂。当缝合机单元与分隔带之间的间隙小于10厘米时，可以获得上述效果，优选所述间隙小于5厘米，最优选小于2厘米。
在一个实施方案中，分隔带用于分隔所述前端和尾端与所述工作面在垂直于工作面的法线方向一定距离，其中所述缝合机脚在相同的法线方向具有一定高度，其中所述分隔距离等于或大于所述缝合机脚的高度。由此，缝合机脚可以被插入工作面和对接线之间的分隔空间内，在所述分隔空间内支撑所述前端和尾端，而不接触和/或损坏所述工作面。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中，所述分隔带是刚性的或基本上刚性的。由此，分隔带可以精确地、安全地和/或刚性地在对接线处或靠近对接线处支撑所述前端和尾部。
在上述实施方案的一个实施方案中，分隔带是棒或条。棒或条可以被有效地用于覆盖对接线上的工作面。
在一个可替代实施方案中，所述分隔带是柔性的。柔性分隔带可以更紧密地跟随工作面。
特别地，所述分隔带是一个柔性带，其被布置成沿着对接线折返。通过折返柔性带，可以通过拉其其中的一个末端来收回。
根据第二方面，本发明提供一种轮胎成型鼓和根据前述权利要求中任一项的装置的组件，其中所述工作面是轮胎成型鼓的圆周面或支撑在所述轮胎成型鼓圆周面上的另一个轮胎部件的外表面。由此，所述分隔带可用于在工作面与所述待缝合前端和尾端之间创建一个分隔距离，从而所述前端和尾端可以随后被缝合机单元缝合。因此，所述分隔带能够使得所述前端和尾端在圆柱工作面上缝合。
在所述实施方案的一个实施方案中，轮胎成型鼓有一个旋转轴，所述轮胎成型鼓的圆周面绕所述旋转轴同心延伸，其中对接线平行或基本平行于旋转轴延伸。由此，分隔带可以沿着对接线和/或平行于轮胎成型鼓的旋转轴被收回。
只要有可能，说明书中描述和显示的各个方面和特性可以单独应用。这些单独的方面，特别是所附从属权利要求所描述的方面和特点，可以作为分案专利申请的主题。
附图说明
下面将基于附图中所示的示例性实施方案进一步说明本发明，其中：
图1显示了在本发明的第一实施方案中，在将前端缝合到尾部的方法的第一步骤中的轮胎成型鼓和装置的装配图；
图2-5显示了在将前端缝合到尾部的方法的后继步骤中的图1的装配图；
图6显示了根据图3中的圆V的装配细节；
图7显示了根据图6的装配图的侧视图；
图8显示了根据图7中的圆的装配细节；
图9和图10显示了根据本发明第二实施方案的可替代轮胎成型鼓组件和可替代装置；
图11A和11B显示了根据本发明第三实施方案的又一可替代轮胎成型鼓组件和可替代装置。
具体实施方式
图1-8显示了根据本发明的第一示例性实施方案的组件1，包括用于接纳一个或多个轮胎部件的轮胎成型鼓2和装置3，装置3具有用于由工作面W分隔一个或多个所述轮胎部件的分隔带4和用于沿接合线或对接线连接、拼接或缝合所述一个或多个轮胎部件的缝合机单元5。
如图7所示，包括限定旋转轴R的中心轴21，轮胎成型鼓2可围绕所述中心轴旋转。轮胎成型鼓2还包括一个圆周表面22，围绕旋转轴R同轴和/或同心延伸。圆周表面22被设置用于接纳一个或多个轮胎部件，例如内衬91和胎体帘布层92。在本实施例中，内衬91具有侧壁94、95，以形成所谓的预组件。如图7所示，每个轮胎部件以本领域已知的方式围绕着圆周面22并具有前端LE和尾端TE，所述前端和尾端沿着对接线S被对接、拼接、搭接或缝合在一起。在本实施例中，胎体帘布层92的对接线S沿平行或基本平行于旋转轴R的方向延伸。内衬91通常直接应用在圆周表面91上，而胎体帘布层92则围绕内衬91被应用。因此，胎体帘布层92相对于旋转轴线R径向地位于内衬91的外面。任选地，可以围绕胎体帘布层92应用另一胎体帘布层(未示出)。胎体帘布层92包含未硫化橡胶，可以牢固地粘附接触其上的其他轮胎部件。
如图8的细节图所示，分隔带4被布置用于从工作面W分隔一个轮胎部件的前端LE与同一个或另一个轮胎部件的尾端TE，所述分隔直接在所述前端LE和所述尾端TE的下面或径向地在所述前端LE和所述尾端TE的内部。在本实施例中，前端LE和尾端TE都是同一个胎体帘布层92的。当胎体帘布层92被布置在内衬91和/或预组件周围时，在第二胎体帘布层93的正下方或径向内的工作面W是内衬91和/或预组件的径向外表面。可替换地或任选地，分隔带4可用于从胎体帘布层92分隔另一个胎体帘布层(未显示)的前端LE和尾端TE，在这种情况下，胎体帘布层92的径向外表面是工作面W。在另一个可替代的实施方案中，工作面W甚至可以是轮胎成型鼓2的圆周表面22，例如胎体帘布层92直接应用在轮胎成型鼓2上时。下面描述的是以其中胎体帘布层92的前端LE和尾端TE通过由内衬91形成的工作面W分隔的情形作为示范情况的。
分隔带4可在工作面W上在分隔位置内移动，如图2所示。分隔带4从工作面W沿平行于对接线S的缝合方向A由图2所示的分隔位置向图5所示的收回位置收回。优选地，分隔带4在工作面W上，以与缝合方向A相反并平行于对接线S的放置方向B移动。在本示例性实施方案中，装置3包括分隔带驱动器6，其与分隔带4耦合，用于以收回速度V1由平行于对接线S的缝合方向A收回所述分隔带4。分隔带驱动器6也优选用于在工作面W上以放置方向B移动分隔带4。分隔带驱动器6驱动分隔带4在缝合方向A和/或放置方向B上线性移动或平移。
如图1和图2所示，组件1包括多个引导件45用于在工作面W上沿对接线引导和/或支撑分隔带4。引导件45优选位于或接近于分隔位置和收回位置，以防止分隔带4相对于对接线S下垂。
如图1所示，分隔带4包括一个刚性杆或带40，其具有沿平行于对接线S的纵向方向L延伸的细长体41。最好如图8所示，细长体41覆盖在接合区域C覆盖工作面W，直接在对接线S的上下两侧延伸。细长体41具有背对工作面W的支撑面42。在本实施例中，细长体41与形成三角形截面两侧的支撑面42形成基本为三角形的横截面。支撑面42的每一侧分别用于接纳和/或支撑前端LE和尾端TE中的一个。
如图8所示，第二胎体帘布层93的前端LE和尾端TE在朝向对接线S的轮胎成型鼓2径向方向上距离或间隔工作面W一定距离被分隔带4支撑。特别是，分隔带4以与工作面W正交的方向N在工作面上延伸分隔距离D，其中前端LE和尾端TE间隔工作面W至少所述分隔距离D。通过分隔带以分隔距离D分隔前端LE和尾端TE，使得工作面W与前端LE和尾端TE之间均产生或形成分隔空间G。作为结果，前端LE和尾端TE、包括胎体帘布层92至前端LE和尾端TE两侧的区域，均与工作面W分隔。通过在缝合前将前端LE和尾端TE与工作面W分隔，可以在不将分隔的前端LE和分隔的尾端TE粘合至工作面W的情况下，通过缝合机单元5操纵所述前端LE和尾端TE.
如图8所示，前端LE和尾端TE被接纳在分隔带4上，同时沿所述对接线S的对侧与对接线S稍微隔开。因此，在缝合前，前端LE和尾端TE在对接线形成一个间隙。
如图3所示，缝合机单元5可在其支撑位置内移动，和/或在由分隔带4产生的分隔空间G内接合所述前端LE和尾端TE。最好如图6所示，缝合机单元5包括缝合机脚51，其被插在胎体帘布层92的下面或径向内部，位于或接近于对接线S。在支撑位置，在缝合方向A，缝合机脚51与分隔带4相对、在同一径向高度和/或对齐。缝合机脚51在对接线S上在分隔空间G内支撑所述前端LE和尾端TE。由此，缝合机脚51被安排用于由胎体帘布层92的下面或径向内部支撑所述前端LE和尾端TE。在本实施例中，缝合机脚51包括一套下缝合机轮52，最好是斜面或截头圆锥齿轮形式的，不仅用于支持所述前端LE和尾端TE，还强迫所述前端LE和尾端TE一起走向对接线S。可替换地，缝合机脚51也可以由刚性平台形成，只用于支持前端LE和尾端TE。
如图6所示，缝合机脚51在法线方向N上有高度H，其等于或在本实施例中小于分隔距离D。由此，缝合机脚51可以很容易地在缝合方向插入在工作面W和对接线S之间的分隔空间G内，而不接触和/或损坏工作面W。
如图6和图8所示，缝合机单元5还包括缝合机头53，用于在缝合前端LE和尾端TE被支撑在缝合机脚51上时，在对接线S上缝合前端LE和尾端TE。特别地，缝合机压头53在对接线上，从胎体帘布层92的上面或径向外侧将前端LE压向尾端TE。在本实施例中，缝合机头53包括一套上缝合机轮54，优选是斜面或截头圆锥齿轮形式的。
如图1所示，缝合机单元5包括耦合件55，用于耦合缝合机脚51至缝合机头53。最好如图8所示，耦合件55具有窄部或颈部56，适合通过前端LE和尾端TE之间的间隙，以连接对接线S径向内部或下面的缝合机脚51与对接线S径向外侧或上面的缝合机头53。耦合件55在缝合机单元5的侧面在前端LE和尾端TE之间的间隙内延伸，其沿缝合方向A位于缝合之前，从而在缝合中，耦合件55一直位于关闭间隙的前面。优选地，如图6所示，缝合机单元5设有调节装置57，用于调节在调节方向Z上的缝合机脚51和缝合机头53的距离，特别是下缝合机轮52和上缝合机轮54之间的距离。由此，可以在缝合机脚51和缝合机头53之间接纳和缝合不同厚度的胎体帘布层92。调节装置57可以是气缸或线性驱动器(未显示)，其可以在调节方向Z上相对于耦合件55和/或缝合机脚51移动缝合机头53。
缝合机单元5具有缝合机驱动器7，其可操作地耦合在上缝合机轮54上以驱动所述上缝合机轮54。驱动的上缝合机轮54接合所述胎体帘布层92并驱动所述缝合机单元5在所述胎体帘布层92上以缝合速度V2在缝合方向A沿着结合线S同步缝合前端LE至尾端TE。缝合机驱动器7在缝合方向上线性或平移驱动缝合机单元5。可替换地，上缝合机轮54可以是被动或自由转动轮，在这种情况下，缝合机驱动器7完全取代缝合机单元5。
如图1-5所示，分隔带驱动器6和缝合机驱动器7均可操作地和/或电子地耦合至公共控制单元8。控制单元8被安排用于向分隔带驱动器6和缝合机驱动器7发送控制信号以同时控制驱动器6和7。特别地，控制单元8控制分隔带驱动器6和缝合机驱动器7，使得在缝合时，分隔带4在缝合方向A，在前进的缝合机单元5之前、下游或前面被收回。在缝合方向，分隔带4的收回速度V1至少等于，优选大于缝合机单元5的缝合速度V2。在缝合中，分隔带4始终保持领先于缝合机单元5一个非零的间隙距离或间隙C，使得分隔带4不会妨碍缝合机单元5的操作。然而，胎体帘布层92在收回的分隔带4和前进的缝合机单元5之间是不被支撑的。因此，为了防止胎体帘布层92在不被支撑的间隙C中下垂或松弛，间隙C优选保持最小或最低。最优选地，间隙C小于10厘米，优选小于5厘米，最优选小于2厘米。
现在将参照图1-5详细说明使用前述组件1缝合前端LE与尾端TE的方法。
图1显示了缝合之前的情况。将缝合机单元5在工作面W上定位保持在架子上。分隔带4被完全收回在收回位置并与其对应的用于后继将其沿放置方向B放置的引导件45对齐。鼓2旋转到一个位置，其中胎体帘布层92的接合位置与分隔带4和/或对接线S对齐。内衬91围绕鼓2的圆周面22缠绕并形成用于胎体帘布层92的工作面W，其中内衬91任选具有侧壁94和95以形成预组件。
图2显示了控制单元8控制分隔带驱动器6移动分隔带4进入分隔位置之后的情况。在由如图1所示的收回位置移向如图2所示的分隔位置期间，分隔带4由各自的引导件45引导。在分隔位置，分隔带4在或沿着对接线S延伸穿过或位于在工作面W上。在分隔带4移到分隔位置后，胎体帘布层92围绕鼓2的圆周面22卷绕。首先，前端LE被接纳到分隔带4上。随后，胎体帘布层92直接缠绕到内衬91的工作面W上，直到尾端TE像前端LE一样被接纳到分隔带4上。现在，分隔带4由工作面W，在分隔距离上，朝向或在在对接线S上，支撑并分隔前端LE和尾端TE。现在，前端LE和尾端TE准备好用于缝合。
图3显示的情况是：其中控制单元8控制分隔带驱动器6在缝合方向A部分收回分隔带4以暴露用于通过缝合机单元5接合的前端LE和尾端TE。随后或同时，控制单元8控制缝合机驱动器7将缝合机单元5移至支撑位置，其中缝合机脚51在缝合方向A延伸进入分隔间隙G，位于暴露的前端LE和尾端TE之下。通过用缝合机脚51在整个分隔间隙G内支撑暴露的前端LE和尾端TE，缝合机头53可以从分隔间隙G的外部移动，与缝合机脚51径向相对，将前端LE和尾端TE加在或压在两者之间。一旦前端LE和尾端TE开始通过缝合机单元5接合，缝合机单元5可以沿缝合方向A不断移动以将前端LE缝合至尾端TE。
图4显示的情况是：其中控制单元8同时控制分隔带驱动器6和缝合机驱动器7在缝合方向A沿对接线S以收回速度V1移动分隔带4和以缝合速度V2移动缝合机单元5。如前所述，控制单元8控制驱动器6和7，使得分隔带4在缝合期间保持领先缝合机单元5至少非零间隙C，以保证分隔带4不妨碍缝合机单元5的操作。所述前端LE和尾端TE仅在缝合机单元5缝合其之前由分隔带4转移、释放或进料至缝合机单元5中。优选地，分隔带4和缝合机单元5之前的间隙C，其中前端LE和尾端TE暂时不被支撑，应尽可能小。最优选地，间隙C至少在缝合机单元5沿对接线S缝合期间保持恒定。
图5显示了缝合机单元5完成缝合前端LE到尾端TE的情况。一旦前端LE和尾端TE完全缝合，分隔带4又被收回到收回位置，如图5所示，且缝合机单元5通过重置被放回其架子上，如图1所示，以用于下一个缝合循环。缝合的胎体帘布层92可以被允许附着在工作面W上，在本实施例中，所述工作面为内衬91。
图9和10显示了根据本发明第二实施方案的可替代组件101，其与上述本发明第一实施方案的不同仅在于，其分隔带104不是刚性体，而是由柔性带140代替。柔性带140可在自身上折叠或是沿对接线S折返。折返的柔性带140的径向内侧停留在工作面W上，而折返的柔性带140的径向外侧在分隔距离D、在工作面W上支撑前端LE和尾端TE。分隔距离D由被折返的柔性带140的厚度来确定，其在这种情况下通常为几厘米。
可替代组件101具有可替代分隔带驱动器106，用于拖拉折返柔性带140的两端之一。两端中的另一个是固定的。因此，当拖拉折返柔性带140的两端之一时，折返柔性带140的长度减小，导致柔性带140在缝合方向A被收回。再次，柔性带140的收回速度V1被控制单元8以与前述本发明实施方案相同的方式控制，使得柔性带140在缝合时，在缝合方向A上，保持在缝合机单元5的前面。
图9显示了缝合之前的可替代组件101。分隔带104的柔性带140已被放松到这样的程度：它可以以折返形态被手动地放置在工作面W上，如图9所示。现在，柔性带140完全覆盖工作面W，在本实施例中，所述工作面为内衬91。胎体帘布层92被卷绕到工作面W上，而前端LE和尾端TE在对接线S附近被分隔带104接纳。现在，前端LE和尾端TE已准备好被缝合。
图10显示了缝合之后的情况。缝合机驱动器7已经由控制单元8控制在缝合方向A上移动缝合机单元5，同时可替代分隔带驱动器106已经在拖拉柔性带140的两端之一，使得在缝合时，分隔带104在缝合机单元5之前被收回。如图10所示，分隔带104的柔性带140在缝合方向A上被收回至胎体帘布层92之外的收回位置。
柔性带140的一个优点是，当被收回到收回位置时，它不会占用大量空间。它可以大幅度收回，甚至可以被拉入分隔带驱动器106中。因此，分隔带驱动器106可替代地直接连接到轮胎成型鼓2的一侧，并且在所述轮胎成型鼓2旋转期间保持连接。由此，分隔带驱动器106可以始终处于与对接线S对齐的正确位置。
图11A和11B显示了根据本发明的第三个实施方案的可替代组件201，它与上述本发明第一和第二实施方案的不同之处在于，其缝合机单元205通过可替代缝合机驱动器207驱动，所述驱动器包括第一驱动部件271，用于控制缝合机单元205；和第二驱动部件272，用于控制第一驱动部件271。第二驱动部件272优选形成细长的臂，沿缝合方向在工作面W的上方延伸。第一驱动部件271通过滑动元件(尤其是轨道)273安装在第二驱动部件272上，并可相对于第二驱动部件272沿缝合方向A在滑动元件273限定的范围内来回滑动或移动。可替代组件201具有用于在缝合方向A上以收回速度V3收回第二驱动器272的收回驱动器274。控制单元208与收回驱动器274和分隔带驱动器6电子连接，并用于使得驱动速度V3与分隔带驱动器6的收回速度V1匹配。由此，第二驱动部件272以等于或基本等于分隔带4的收回速度V1的驱动速度V3被收回。
像前面讨论的缝合机单元5一样，根据本发明第三实施方案的缝合机单元205包括缝合机脚251、缝合机头253和一套上缝合机轮254，其由缝合机头253内的轮驱动(未显示)以转速K驱动。一旦上缝合机轮254与材料91、92在工作面W上接合，则所述轮254的转动会拖拉缝合机单元205沿对接线S以缝合速度V2通过所述材料91、92。缝合机轮254的转速K使得缝合机单元205开始在材料91/92上沿缝合方向A以缝合速度V2缝合，所述缝合速度等于或基本等于收回速度V1。然而，在缝合期间，由于与工作面W上的材料91、92的接触，缝合机单元205遭遇可变电阻，并导致旋转速度K开始变化，如相对于收回速度V1放慢或加快。因此，缝合速度V2不是恒定的，可能随时间略有变化和/或不一定始终保持等于收回速度V1。
由于缝合速度V2和驱动速度V3之间的速度差异V4，第一驱动部件271开始沿滑动元件273相对于第二驱动部件272来回移动。所述移动促进了速度差V4的吸收。组件201上装有一个或多个传感器275，用于检测第一驱动部件271相对于第二驱动部件272和/或滑动元件273的移动、速度差V2或位置变化X。控制单元208用于响应一个或多个传感器275的检测信号来增加或减小第二驱动部件272沿缝合方向A的驱动速度V3，以补偿电阻变化及其导致的缝合速度V2的变化。收回速度V1匹配驱动速度V3的变化而变化，并保持分隔带4和缝合机单元205之间的间隙基本恒定。因此，缝合速度V2的变化可以在滑动元件273的范围内得到补偿。
需要理解的是，上面的描述仅用于说明优选实施方案的操作，并不意味着限制本发明的范围。通过上面的讨论，很多变化对本领域技术人员都将是显而易见的，这些变化将被包含在本发明的范围之内。
综上所述，本发明涉及一种装置1、101、201和一种缝合方法，其中装置1、101包括分隔带4、104，用于在分隔位置将前端LE和尾端TE与工作面W分隔，形成一个分隔空间G，其中装置1、101、201包括具有缝合机脚51、251的缝合机单元5、205，以从分隔空间G支撑前端LE和尾端TE，以及缝合机头53、253，用于在缝合机脚51、251上从分隔空间G的外侧缝合前端LE和尾端TE，其中设备1、101、201包括缝合机驱动器7、207，用于驱动缝合机单元5、205；分隔带驱动器6、106，用于回收分隔带4、104；和控制单元8、208，以同时控制分隔带驱动器6、106和缝合机驱动器7、207，使得在缝合期间，分隔带4、10沿缝合方向A在缝合机单元5、205之前被收回。

Claims (14)

1.一种装置，用于在工作面上沿对接线将轮胎部件的前端缝合到同一个或另一个轮胎部件的尾端，所述工作面被设置来支撑对应的一个或两个轮胎部件；其中，所述装置包括：分隔带，用于在分隔位置分隔工作面与前端和尾端，以形成分隔空间；其中，所述装置包括缝合机单元，所述缝合机单元具有缝合机脚和缝合机头，所述缝合机脚被布置为从所述分隔空间在对接线处支撑所述前端和尾端，所述缝合机头被设置用于在所述缝合机脚上从所述分隔空间的外面缝合所述前端和尾端；其中，所述缝合机单元能在缝合方向沿着对接线被驱动，同时所述缝合机单元缝合所述前端和尾端，所述分隔带能在缝合方向平行于对接线被收回；其中，所述装置还包括控制单元，所述控制单元被布置以控制所述缝合机单元和所述分隔带的移动，使得在缝合时所述分隔带沿缝合方向在缝合机单元前被收回。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述控制单元被布置以使缝合机单元以一缝合速度在缝合方向上移动，其中，所述控制单元被布置以在缝合方向上以等于或大于缝合单元的缝合速度的收回速度收回分隔带。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述缝合机头包括一套上缝合机轮，用于接合所述前端和尾端，并以一转速被驱动以在所述尾端和前端上沿缝合线以一缝合速度在缝合方向上拖拉所述缝合机单元。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述控制单元被布置以在缝合期间在缝合方向上保持所述分隔带以恒定的间隙处于缝合机单元的前方。
5.根据权利要求4所述的装置，其中，所述缝合机单元和分隔带被布置用于在缝合期间在缝合机单元和分隔带之间的间隙处不支撑所述前端和尾端。
6.根据权利要求4所述的装置，其中，在缝合期间，缝合机单元和分隔带之间的间隙被最小化。
7.根据权利要求4所述的装置，其中，在缝合期间，缝合机单元与分隔带之间的间隙小于10厘米、小于5厘米或小于2厘米。
8.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述分隔带被布置用于在垂直于工作面的法线方向上分隔工作面与所述前端和尾端一分隔距离，其中，所述缝合机脚在相同的法线方向具有一高度，其中，所述分隔距离等于或大于所述缝合机脚的所述高度。
9.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述分隔带是刚性的。
10.根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，所述分隔带是棒或条。
11.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述分隔带是柔性的。
12.根据权利要求11所述的装置，其中，所述分隔带是柔性带，其被布置成沿着对接线折返。
13.一种组件，包括轮胎成型鼓和如权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述工作面是轮胎成型鼓的圆周面或支撑在所述轮胎成型鼓的圆周面上的另一个轮胎部件的外表面。
14.根据权利要求13所述的组件，其中，所述轮胎成型鼓有一旋转轴，其中，所述轮胎成型鼓的圆周面绕所述旋转轴同心延伸，并且其中，对接线平行于旋转轴延伸。
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