CN112250811A - 一种煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料及制备方法和使用方法 - Google Patents
一种煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料及制备方法和使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料及制备方法和使用方法,包括A料和B料,且A料与B料的质量比为(1‑1.6):0.8;按照重量分数计,A料包括如下组分:水玻璃85‑95份;促溶剂2‑5份;催化剂0.1‑2份;发泡剂10‑15份;稳泡剂1‑2份;抗静电剂2‑3份;按照重量分数计,B料包括如下组分:聚醚多元醇5‑10份;多异氰酸酯50‑75份;所述的催化剂为三乙烯二胺、五甲基二亚乙基三胺、二月桂酸二丁基锡和N,N‑二甲基环己胺的混合物。降低了反应放热和成本、延迟了反应,并具有绝对阻燃的安全效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于煤矿用封孔材料技术领域,涉及一种煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料及制备方法和使用方法。
背景技术
当前煤与瓦斯突出、瓦斯大量涌出仍然是煤矿发生重大事故的根源,我国是世界上煤和瓦斯最严重的国家之一,每年因瓦斯直接或者间接引发的煤矿事故不计其数,严重制约煤矿安全、高效地生产。并且随着矿井开采深度的增加,煤层瓦斯灾害更加突出,如何提高瓦斯抽采的效率显得尤为关键。目前市面上常用的瓦斯封孔材料主要有水泥基封孔材料和聚氨酯封孔材料,其中水泥基封孔材料价格相对便宜,但是井下使用时固化时间较长,封孔效果不佳,容易产生漏气,操作相对复杂;聚氨酯封孔材料具有操作简单、密封性好、膨胀倍率大等优点,但是现采用的聚氨酯封孔材料仍然具有以下缺点:(1)反应速率过快,操作时间不够,在材料到达封孔位置前就已经反应结束,导致封孔效果不佳甚至封孔失败;(2)反应温度过高,现有聚氨酯封孔材料大部分为聚氨酯硬泡,最高反应温度高达140℃以上;(3)现有聚氨酯封孔材料成本价格高,传统的聚氨酯封孔材料主要原料为多异氰酸酯和聚醚多元醇,两种材料的价格一直居高不下;(4)现有的聚氨酯封孔材料由于发泡倍率较高,在添加阻燃剂的条件下仍然容易燃烧,严重危害井下安全。
公开号为CN 103724581A的专利文献公开了一种用于煤矿井下的聚氨酯瓦斯封孔材料及其制备方法,其需采用A、B、C三组份混合反应,操作施工工艺复杂。
发明内容
针对当前封孔材料与技术中存在的问题和不足,本发明提供一种煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料及制备方法和使用方法,降低了反应放热和成本、延迟了反应,并具有绝对阻燃的安全效果。
本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现:
一种煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料,包括A料和B料,且A料与B料的质量比为(1-1.6):0.8;
按照重量分数计,A料包括如下组分:
按照重量分数计,B料包括如下组分:
聚醚多元醇 5-10份;
多异氰酸酯 50-75份;
所述的催化剂为三乙烯二胺、五甲基二亚乙基三胺、二月桂酸二丁基锡和N,N-二甲基环己胺的混合物。
优选的,所述水玻璃的模数为2.2-3.0,波美度为40-50。
优选的,所述的促溶剂为聚氧乙烯十八醇、聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯和聚氧乙烯油基醚中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述的发泡剂为二氯甲烷、HCFC-141b、环戊烷和正戊烷中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述的稳泡剂为改性有机硅油类泡沫稳定剂。
优选的,所述的抗静电剂为JL-WT4。
优选的,所述的聚醚多元醇为DL-1000、303和PPG 400中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述的多异氰酸酯为多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种或几种。
所述的煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料的制备方法,包括:
配制A料:将水玻璃、促溶剂、催化剂、发泡剂、稳泡剂和抗静电剂搅拌混合,形成均一液相,得到A料;
配制B料:将聚醚多元醇加入到多异氰酸酯中,混合均匀,在氮气保护下升温至85℃,搅拌3-4h,得到透明的棕褐色预聚体B料。
所述的煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料的使用方法,将A料和B料按照质量比(1-1.6):0.8混合后,搅拌均匀,即可得到低成本、高安全性延迟发泡的封孔材料。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益的技术效果:
(1)本发明采用多种催化剂复配,可以根据实际需要调整催化剂的种类和比例,进而调节反应时间,有效地解决了传统聚氨酯封孔材料反应时间过快、不易操作的问题。
(2)本发明采用预聚体合成法,相当于让一部分反应热提前在使用前发生了,可以有效地降低在使用过程中的反应热,最高温度低至90℃以下,极大地保证施工作业的安全。
(3)本发明加入大量成本较低的水玻璃,在大大降低原料成本的同时,可以起到绝对阻燃的效果,增加使用的安全性。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明,所述是对本发明的解释而不是限定。
本发明所述的煤矿用低成本高安全性延迟封孔材料,由A料和B料构成,且A料与B料的质量比为(1-1.6):0.8。
按照重量分数计,A料包括如下组分:
按照重量分数计,B料包括如下组分:
聚醚多元醇 5-10份;
多异氰酸酯 50-75份。
所述水玻璃的模数为2.2-3.0,波美度为40-50。
所述的促溶剂为聚氧乙烯十八醇、聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯和聚氧乙烯油基醚中的一种或几种。
所述的催化剂为三乙烯二胺、五甲基二亚乙基三胺、二月桂酸二丁基锡和N,N-二甲基环己胺的混合物。
所述的发泡剂为二氯甲烷、HCFC-141b、环戊烷和正戊烷中的一种或几种。
所述的稳泡剂为改性有机硅油类泡沫稳定剂,为美国迈图公司L-580、南京德美世创公司的AK8805和AK-8830、常州瑞澳添加剂有限公司的R660中的一种或几种。
所述抗静电剂为山东聚力抗静电科技有限公司的JL-WT4。
所述的聚醚多元醇为DL-1000、GE-303和PPG 400中的一种或几种。
所述的多异氰酸酯为多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二、异氰酸酯和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种或几种。
本发明提供了一种煤矿用低成本高安全性延迟封孔材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A料:将按照质量比计量的水玻璃、促溶剂、催化剂、发泡剂、稳泡剂和抗静电剂搅拌混合,形成均一液相。
B料:将聚醚多元醇加入到多异氰酸酯中混合均匀,在氮气保护下将温度升至85℃,搅拌3-4h,得到透明的棕褐色预聚体。
使用时,将A料、B料按照质量比(1-1.6):0.8混合后,搅拌均匀,得到煤矿用低成本高安全性延迟封孔材料。
实施例1
A料:称取85份水玻璃,模数为2.5,波美度为46,然后加入3份促溶剂聚氧乙烯十八醇,0.5份三乙烯二胺,0.1份五甲基二亚乙基三胺,0.2份二月桂酸二丁基锡,0.2份N,N-二甲基环己胺,12份发泡剂HCFC-141b,1份稳泡剂AK8805(南京德美世创公司),2份抗静电剂JL-WT4(山东聚力抗静电科技有限公司)高速搅拌混合1小时,形成均一液相;
B料:将6份聚醚多元醇PPG 400加入到50份多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯中混合均匀,在氮气保护下将温度升至85℃,搅拌3h,得到透明的棕褐色预聚体。
最后,将A料、B料按照质量比1:0.8混合后,搅拌均匀,测试性能。
实施例2
A料:称取90份水玻璃,模数为2.2,波美度为48,然后加入5份促溶剂聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯,0.5份三乙烯二胺,0.2份五甲基二亚乙基三胺,0.1份二月桂酸二丁基锡,0.3份N,N-二甲基环己胺,15份发泡剂二氯甲烷,2份稳泡剂AK8830(南京德美世创公司),2份抗静电剂JL-WT4(山东聚力抗静电科技有限公司)高速搅拌混合1.5小时,形成均一液相;
B料:将10份聚醚多元醇DL-1000,1份聚醚多元醇303加入到55份多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯中混合均匀,在氮气保护下将温度升至85℃,搅拌3,继续反应3h,得到透明的棕褐色预聚体。
最后,将A料、B料按照质量比1.2:0.7混合后,搅拌均匀,测试性能。
实施例3:A料:称取90份水玻璃,模数为2.6,波美度为50,然后加入2份促溶剂聚氧乙烯十八醇,0.3份三乙烯二胺,0.2份五甲基二亚乙基三胺,0.2份二月桂酸二丁基锡,0.1份N,N-二甲基环己胺,10份发泡剂环戊烷,1份稳泡剂L-580(美国迈图公司),2份抗静电剂JL-WT4(山东聚力抗静电科技有限公司)高速搅拌混合1小时,形成均一液相;
B料:将5份聚醚多元醇303加入到63份多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯中混合均匀,在氮气保护下将温度升至85℃,搅拌4h,得到透明的棕褐色预聚体。
最后,将A料、B料按照质量比1:0.6混合后,搅拌均匀,测试性能。
实施例4
A料:称取86份水玻璃,模数为3.0,波美度为49,然后加入3份促溶剂聚氧乙烯油基醚,0.1份三乙烯二胺,0.2份五甲基二亚乙基三胺,0.5份二月桂酸二丁基锡,0.1份N,N-二甲基环己胺,12份发泡HCFC-141b,1份稳泡剂R660(常州瑞澳添加剂有限公司),3份抗静电剂JL-WT4(山东聚力抗静电科技有限公司)高速搅拌混合1小时,形成均一液相;
B料:将8份聚醚多元醇DL-1000,2份聚醚多元醇303加入到70份多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯中混合均匀,在氮气保护下将温度升至85℃,搅拌4h,得到透明的棕褐色预聚体。
最后,将A料、B料按照质量比1:0.72混合后,搅拌均匀,测试性能。
实施例5
A料:称取95份水玻璃,模数为2.7,波美度为40,然后加入3份促溶剂聚氧乙烯十八醇,0.2份三乙烯二胺,0.2份五甲基二亚乙基三胺,0.2份二月桂酸二丁基锡,0.3份N,N-二甲基环己胺,15份发泡剂环戊烷,1.6份稳泡剂L-580(美国迈图公司),3份抗静电剂JL-WT4(山东聚力抗静电科技有限公司)高速搅拌混合1小时,形成均一液相;
B料:将7份聚醚多元醇303加入到75份多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯中混合均匀,在氮气保护下将温度升至85℃,搅拌3.5h,得到透明的棕褐色预聚体。
最后,将A料、B料按照质量比1:0.65混合后,搅拌均匀,测试性能。
实施例1-5所得煤矿封孔材料性能见表1。
表1实施例1-5所得煤矿封孔材料性能
从表1结果可以看出,本发明制备的材料反应延迟时间较长,最高反应温度较低。
Claims (10)
2.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料,其特征在于,所述水玻璃的模数为2.2-3.0,波美度为40-50。
3.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料,其特征在于,所述的促溶剂为聚氧乙烯十八醇、聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯和聚氧乙烯油基醚中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料,其特征在于,所述的发泡剂为二氯甲烷、HCFC-141b、环戊烷和正戊烷中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料,其特征在于,所述的稳泡剂为改性有机硅油类泡沫稳定剂。
6.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料,其特征在于,所述的抗静电剂为JL-WT4。
7.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料,其特征在于,所述的聚醚多元醇为DL-1000、303和PPG 400中的一种或几种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料,其特征在于,所述的多异氰酸酯为多苯基多亚甲基多异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯中的一种或几种。
9.权利要求1-8任一项所述的煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括:
配制A料:将水玻璃、促溶剂、催化剂、发泡剂、稳泡剂和抗静电剂搅拌混合,形成均一液相,得到A料;
配制B料:将聚醚多元醇加入到多异氰酸酯中,混合均匀,在氮气保护下升温至85℃,搅拌3-4h,得到透明的棕褐色预聚体B料。
10.权利要求1-8任一项所述的煤矿用高安全性延迟封孔材料的使用方法,其特征在于,将A料和B料按照质量比(1-1.6):0.8混合后,搅拌均匀,即可得到低成本、高安全性延迟发泡的封孔材料。
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