CN112225570A - 一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112225570A
CN112225570A CN201910632872.2A CN201910632872A CN112225570A CN 112225570 A CN112225570 A CN 112225570A CN 201910632872 A CN201910632872 A CN 201910632872A CN 112225570 A CN112225570 A CN 112225570A
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丁小兵
杨勇
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Abstract

本发明公开一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚,从内到外分为三层,内层为碳化硅、棕刚玉和石墨的混合材料,中间过渡层为碳化硅、石墨和白刚玉的混合材料,外层为碳化硅、石墨和氧化硼的混合材料。本发明还公开一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚的制备方法,采用该方法制备的三层碳化硅石墨坩埚,内层起到抗腐蚀的作用,外层起到抗氧化的作用,从而适合应用于有色金属的融化行业。

Description

一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚及制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及坩埚制备领域,尤其是一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚及制备方法。
背景技术
坩埚主要应用于有色金属的融化行业,用户使用电加热炉内的坩埚进行融熔有色金属时,因加热热源在坩埚外面的四周,因此一般使用过程中坩埚的外侧直接面对加热源,容易发生氧化,而坩埚的内部是有色金属和各种添加剂,在融化有色金属的过程中有色金属和各种添加剂会对坩埚内侧产生腐蚀作用。因此坩埚的外侧材料需要抗氧化,坩埚的内侧材料要求抗腐蚀。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚及制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明采用下述技术方案:
一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚,它从内到外分为三层,内层为碳化硅、棕刚玉和石墨的混合材料,该混合材料由石墨粉末、棕刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2.5:3的比例混合制成,中间过渡层为碳化硅、石墨和白刚玉的混合材料,该混合材料由石墨粉末、白刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2:3的比例混合制成,外层为碳化硅、石墨和氧化硼的混合材料,该混合材料由石墨粉末、碳化硅颗粒和氧化硼颗粒按照1:2.5:1的比例混合制成。
一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚的制备方法,它包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将石墨粉末、棕刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2.5:3的比例进行混合,制成坩埚内层的碳化硅、棕刚玉和石墨的混合材料;将石墨粉末、白刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2:3的比例进行混合,制成坩埚中间过渡层的碳化硅、石墨和白刚玉的混合材料;将石墨粉末、碳化硅颗粒和氧化硼颗粒按照1:2.5:1的比例进行混合,制成坩埚外层的碳化硅、石墨和氧化硼的混合材料;
步骤二,将坩埚内层的碳化硅、棕刚玉和石墨的混合材料填充到可压缩变形的聚氨酯模具中;
步骤三,将填料完成的聚氨酯模具置于等静压设备中,采用等静压成型的方法将坩埚内层的混合材料压制成坩埚的形状,即为坩埚第一素坯;
步骤四,从等静压设备中取出压缩变形的聚氨酯模具,并将聚氨酯模具充气还原;
步骤五,将坩埚中间过渡层的碳化硅、石墨和白刚玉的混合材料填充到聚氨酯模具和第一素坯的空隙处;
步骤六,再次将填料完成的聚氨酯模具置于等静压设备中,采用等静压成型的方法将坩埚中间过渡层的混合材料压制覆盖在第一素坯外侧,即为坩埚第二素坯;
步骤七,从等静压设备中取出压缩变形的聚氨酯模具,并将聚氨酯模具充气还原;
步骤八,将坩埚外层的碳化硅、石墨和氧化硼的混合材料填充到聚氨酯模具和第二素坯的空隙处;
步骤九,再次将填料完成的聚氨酯模具至置于等静压设备中,采用等静压成型的方法把坩埚外层的混合材料压制覆盖在第二素坯外侧,即为坩埚第三素坯;
步骤十,步骤九制成的坩埚第三素坯在高温下烧结。
进一步地,步骤四和步骤七中将聚氨酯模具充气还原的气压为0.5Mpa。
进一步地,步骤十中高温烧结的高温为900-950度。
有益效果:
本发明制备的三层碳化硅石墨坩埚,内层为由石墨粉末、棕刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2.5:3的比例混合制成的碳化硅、棕刚玉和石墨的混合材料,起到抗腐蚀的作用,外层为由石墨粉末、白刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2:3的比例混合制成碳化硅、石墨和氧化硼的混合材料,起到抗氧化的作用,从而适合进行融熔有色金属。
附图说明
图1是本发明三层碳化硅石墨坩埚的结构示意图;
图中:1-内层、2-中间过渡层、3-外层。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
本发明提出了一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚,如图1所示,它从内到外分为三层,内层1(抗腐蚀层)为碳化硅、棕刚玉和石墨的混合材料,该混合材料由石墨粉末、棕刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2.5:3的比例混合制成,中间过渡层2为碳化硅、石墨和白刚玉的混合材料,该混合材料由石墨粉末、白刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2:3的比例混合制成,外层3(抗氧化层)为碳化硅、石墨和氧化硼的混合材料,该混合材料由石墨粉末、碳化硅颗粒和氧化硼颗粒按照1:2.5:1的比例混合制成。
本发明还提出一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚的制备方法,它包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将石墨粉末、棕刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2.5:3的比例进行混合,制成坩埚内层1的碳化硅、棕刚玉和石墨的混合材料;将石墨粉末、白刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2:3的比例进行混合,制成坩埚中间过渡层2的碳化硅、石墨和白刚玉的混合材料;将石墨粉末、碳化硅颗粒和氧化硼颗粒按照1:2.5:1的比例进行混合,制成坩埚外层3的碳化硅、石墨和氧化硼的混合材料;
步骤二,将坩埚内层的碳化硅、棕刚玉和石墨的混合材料填充到可压缩变形的聚氨酯模具中;
步骤三,将填料完成的聚氨酯模具置于等静压设备中,采用等静压成型的方法将坩埚内层1的混合材料压制成坩埚的形状,即为坩埚第一素坯;
步骤四,从等静压设备中取出压缩变形的聚氨酯模具,并将聚氨酯模具充气还原,气压为0.5Mpa;
步骤五,将坩埚中间过渡层2的碳化硅、石墨和白刚玉的混合材料填充到聚氨酯模具和第一素坯的空隙处;
步骤六,再次将填料完成的聚氨酯模具置于等静压设备中,采用等静压成型的方法将坩埚中间过渡层2的混合材料压制覆盖在第一素坯外侧,即为坩埚第二素坯;
步骤七,从等静压设备中取出压缩变形的聚氨酯模具,并将聚氨酯模具充气还原,气压为0.5Mpa;
步骤八,将坩埚外层的碳化硅、石墨和氧化硼的混合材料填充到聚氨酯模具和第二素坯的空隙处;
步骤九,再次将填料完成的聚氨酯模具至置于等静压设备中,采用等静压成型的方法把坩埚外层3的混合材料压制覆盖在第二素坯外侧,即为坩埚第三素坯;
步骤十,步骤九制成的坩埚第三素坯在900-950度的高温下烧结。
对本发明保护范围的限制,所属领域技术人员应该明白,在本发明的技术方案的基础上,本领域技术人员不需要付出创造性劳动即可做出的各种修改或变形仍在本发明的保护范围以内。

Claims (4)

1.一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚,其特征在于:它从内到外分为三层,内层(1)为碳化硅、棕刚玉和石墨的混合材料,该混合材料由石墨粉末、棕刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2.5:3的比例混合制成,中间过渡层(2)为碳化硅、石墨和白刚玉的混合材料,该混合材料由石墨粉末、白刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2:3的比例混合制成,外层(3)为碳化硅、石墨和氧化硼的混合材料,该混合材料由石墨粉末、碳化硅颗粒和氧化硼颗粒按照1:2.5:1的比例混合制成。
2.一种三层碳化硅石墨坩埚的制备方法,其特征在于:它包括以下步骤:
步骤一,将石墨粉末、棕刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2.5:3的比例进行混合,制成坩埚内层(1)的碳化硅、棕刚玉和石墨的混合材料;将石墨粉末、白刚玉颗粒和碳化硅颗粒按照1:2:3的比例进行混合,制成坩埚中间过渡层(2)的碳化硅、石墨和白刚玉的混合材料;将石墨粉末、碳化硅颗粒和氧化硼颗粒按照1:2.5:1的比例进行混合,制成坩埚外层(3)的碳化硅、石墨和氧化硼的混合材料;
步骤二,将坩埚内层的碳化硅、棕刚玉和石墨的混合材料填充到可压缩变形的聚氨酯模具中;
步骤三,将填料完成的聚氨酯模具置于等静压设备中,采用等静压成型的方法将坩埚内层(1)的混合材料压制成坩埚的形状,即为坩埚第一素坯;
步骤四,从等静压设备中取出压缩变形的聚氨酯模具,并将聚氨酯模具充气还原;
步骤五,将坩埚中间过渡层(2)的碳化硅、石墨和白刚玉的混合材料填充到聚氨酯模具和第一素坯的空隙处;
步骤六,再次将填料完成的聚氨酯模具置于等静压设备中,采用等静压成型的方法将坩埚中间过渡层(2)的混合材料压制覆盖在第一素坯外侧,即为坩埚第二素坯;
步骤七,从等静压设备中取出压缩变形的聚氨酯模具,并将聚氨酯模具充气还原;
步骤八,将坩埚外层的碳化硅、石墨和氧化硼的混合材料填充到聚氨酯模具和第二素坯的空隙处;
步骤九,再次将填料完成的聚氨酯模具至置于等静压设备中,采用等静压成型的方法把坩埚外层(3)的混合材料压制覆盖在第二素坯外侧,即为坩埚第三素坯;
步骤十,步骤九制成的坩埚第三素坯在高温下烧结。
3.根据权利要求2所述的三层碳化硅石墨坩埚的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤四和步骤七中将聚氨酯模具充气还原的气压为0.5Mpa。
4.根据权利要求2所述的三层碳化硅石墨坩埚的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤十中高温烧结的高温为900-950度。
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