CN112189513A

CN112189513A - Method for no-tillage modification of grassland on natural grassland

Info

Publication number: CN112189513A
Application number: CN202011000964.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王照兰; 王照华; 吕守连; 乔海峰; 布和; 丁勇; 杜建材; 张伟; 乌云达来
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-09-22
Filing date: 2020-09-22
Publication date: 2021-01-08

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for no-tillage modification of a grassland on a natural grassland, which belongs to the technical field of modern agriculture and comprises the following steps: firstly, irrigating a natural grassland to be modified by using a sprinkler to promote the growth and development of original plants; step two, spraying biocidal herbicide to kill the original plants after the original plants are completely developed and grown; step three, carrying out engineering repair on the grassland with seriously damaged ground surface; and step four, adopting a no-tillage planter to complete the operations of fertilizing and planting the grass seeds at one time. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the operation links of plowing, raking and the like are reduced, and the expenditure is saved; the method has the advantages that the water and fertilizer consumption of the soil is adjusted according to the soil condition, the no-tillage seeding method is used for seeding, the grasslands of different types can be reformed, the technical problems of improvement, quality improvement, yield increase and efficiency increase of all natural grasslands are solved, the ecological environment of the grasslands is greatly improved while the productivity of the grasslands is greatly improved, and the coordinated development of economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit is achieved.

Description

Method for no-tillage modification of grassland on natural grassland

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of modern agriculture, in particular to a method for no-tillage modification of a grassland on a natural grassland.

Background

At present, the ecological protection problem of the grassland has been highly regarded by governments and common people at all levels, the typical grassland area in China is relatively rich, the meadow grassland resources are fully utilized to protect the grassland, the suitable meadow grassland is changed into a high-quality and high-yield artificial grassland or an alfalfa industrial production base as much as possible, grass cutting of the natural grassland is reduced, the natural grassland can be better protected, and the grassland ecology enters a virtuous cycle state.

The Chinese patent with the application number of 201410011162.5 discloses a method for planting high-quality pasture production fields in meadow steppes by a no-tillage method, which comprises the following steps: 1) dividing plots after the pasture on the meadow steppe turns green; 2) spraying at least one biocidal herbicide to kill the natural grass; 3) sowing leguminous forage grass; 4) the weed control rate of the leguminous pasture production field can reach more than 80 percent by using at least one selective herbicide for a plurality of times.

The implementation of the above patent is limited to meadow steppes, and the application range is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a method for transforming a natural grassland into a grassland without tillage.

The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:

a method for transforming a natural grassland into a grassland without tillage comprises the following steps:

firstly, irrigating a natural grassland to be modified by using a sprinkler to promote the growth and development of original plants, and watering and irrigating at proper time to prevent wind erosion and desertification;

step two, spraying biocidal herbicide to kill the original plants after the original plants are completely developed and grown;

step three, carrying out engineering repair on the grassland with seriously damaged ground surface;

and step four, adopting a no-tillage planter to complete the operations of fertilizing and planting the grass seeds at one time, and when the grass seedlings after 15-20 days, the original worthless plants start to die and still stand in place, playing the functions of wind prevention and sun protection and playing the protection role for the grass which just seedlings.

The natural grassland of the invention comprises meadow grassland, typical grassland, desertification grassland, grassland desertification and desertification, and the no-tillage method is a method for simultaneously sowing seed manure, base manure, annual and perennial grass seeds into the grassland soil by using a no-tillage planter under the condition of not damaging the grassland soil.

And further, in the third step, 4-7 days after the herbicide is sprayed, the grassland with seriously damaged ground surface is subjected to engineering restoration, so that the land is leveled.

Further, the fertilizer applied in the fourth step comprises two kinds of bacterial fertilizer and blended fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant rhizomes, and the application ratio of the bacterial fertilizer and the blended fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant rhizomes is (1-2): (30-40), selecting bacterial manure and chemical fertilizer for scientific combination according to different soil, different landforms and different utilization purposes on different grassland types.

Furthermore, at least two grass seeds are sown simultaneously when the grass is sown in the fourth step.

Furthermore, the pasture seeds in the fourth step are at least one annual pasture seed and at least one perennial pasture seed.

Furthermore, the pasture grass in the fourth step is continuously watered and irrigated within the growth time to ensure intensive and efficient utilization of water resources.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the operation links of plowing, raking and the like are reduced, and the expenditure is saved; the method has the advantages that the water and fertilizer consumption of the soil is adjusted according to the soil condition, the no-tillage method is used for sowing, the ecological environment of the grasslands is not damaged, the grasslands of different types can be reformed, the technical problems of improvement, quality improvement, yield increase and efficiency increase of all natural grasslands are solved, a good technical method is found for national ecological construction and herdsman yield increase and income increase, the ecological environment of the grasslands is greatly improved while the productivity of the grasslands is greatly improved, and the coordinated development of economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit is achieved.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows:

the natural grassland is a desertification grassland, the primary plant is mainly artemisia desertorum, and the grassland needs to be improved into a field for producing high-yield alfalfa,

firstly, installing sprinkling irrigation equipment on a natural grassland, and regularly irrigating the natural grassland to be modified by utilizing the sprinkling irrigation equipment to promote the growth and development of original plants;

step two, spraying environment-friendly glyphosate to kill the original plants after the original plants are completely developed and grown;

step three, carrying out engineering restoration on the grassland with seriously damaged ground surface after spraying the glyphosate for 4-7 days;

step four, adopting a no-tillage planter to complete the operations of fertilizing and planting grass seeds at one time, and applying 1kg of rooting bacterial manure and 30kg of mixed fertilizer per mu of land; the seed consumption per mu of land is as follows: 1kg of alfalfa seeds and 8kg of oat seeds, and continuously watering in the process of pasture growth.

The rooting bacterial fertilizer can increase the yield of the alfalfa by more than 20 percent in the whole life (equal fertilization level), the oat plays the protection roles of shading, preventing wind and the like on the alfalfa seedlings, the yield increase of 300-kilogram green hay in the same year can be increased by 400 kilograms, and the whole planting cost can be recovered.

Example two:

the natural grassland is a degenerated grassland and needs to be improved to become an improved variety breeding base of alfalfa,

step one, installing spray pipe equipment on a natural grassland in 4-5 months, and regularly irrigating the natural grassland to be improved by using sprinkling irrigation equipment to promote the growth and development of original plants (weeds);

step two, spraying environment-friendly glyphosate to kill the original plant after the original plant grows completely in 5-6 months;

step four, adopting a no-tillage planter to complete the operations of fertilizing and planting grass seeds at one time, and applying 0.5kg of rhizogenesis bacterial fertilizer, 1kg of anti-adversity peptide and 30kg of bulk blending fertilizer per mu of land; the seed consumption per mu of land is as follows: 0.4kg of alfalfa seeds and 1.5kg of broom corn millet seeds are continuously watered in the growth process of the pasture, and the alfalfa is sprayed to prevent and control weeds after the green turning of the alfalfa in the next spring.

The rooting bacterial fertilizer can increase the yield of the alfalfa by more than 20 percent in the whole life (equal fertilization level), the broom corn millet plays the protection roles of shading, preventing wind and the like on the alfalfa seedlings, the yield increase of 300-kilogram green hay in the year can be increased by 400 kilograms, and the whole planting cost can be recovered.

Example three:

the natural grassland is a desertification grassland and needs to be improved into a breeding base for planting the Melissitus ruthenicus seeds and the Leymus chinensis seeds,

step one, in 5 months, sprinkling irrigation equipment is installed on a natural grassland, and the sprinkling irrigation equipment is used for regularly irrigating the natural grassland to be modified to promote the growth and development of original plants (weeds);

step two, spraying environment-friendly glyphosate to kill the original plant after the original plant completely develops and grows in 6 months;

step three, spraying glyphosate for 4-7 days, and then using a loader to carry out engineering restoration on the wind erosion and water erosion land, namely leveling the land to reach the standard of normal mechanical operation;

step four, adopting a no-tillage planter to complete the operations of fertilizing and planting grass seeds at one time, and applying 0.5kg of rhizogenesis bacterial fertilizer, 1kg of anti-adversity peptide and 30kg of mixed fertilizer per mu of land; the seed consumption per mu of land is as follows: 0.4kg of Melissitus ruthenicus seeds and 0.8kg of Elymus praecox seeds, and continuously watering during the growth of the pasture grass.

The seed breeding base built by the method can harvest 25 kg/mu of the Chinese wildrye seeds, 10 kg/mu of the Melissitus ruthenicus seeds and 400 kg/mu of high-quality pasture grass after each year.

The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. A method for transforming a natural grassland into a grassland without tillage is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, irrigating a natural grassland to be modified by using a sprinkler to promote the growth and development of original plants;

and step four, adopting a no-tillage planter to complete the operations of fertilizing and planting the grass seeds at one time.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: in the third step, 4-7 days after the herbicide is sprayed, the grassland with seriously damaged ground surface is subjected to engineering restoration, so that the land is leveled.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the fertilizer applied in the fourth step comprises two kinds of bacterial fertilizer and blended fertilizer for promoting the growth of plant rhizomes, and the application ratio of the bacterial fertilizer and the blended fertilizer for promoting the growth of the plant rhizomes is (1-2): (30-40).

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and sowing at least two grass seeds simultaneously when the grass is sowed in the fourth step.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the forage grass seeds in the fourth step are at least one annual forage grass seed and at least one perennial forage grass seed.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: and continuously watering and irrigating the pasture in the growing time of the pasture in the fourth step to ensure intensive and efficient utilization of water resources.