CN112166917B - Mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots - Google Patents
Mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots Download PDFInfo
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- CN112166917B CN112166917B CN202011296129.3A CN202011296129A CN112166917B CN 112166917 B CN112166917 B CN 112166917B CN 202011296129 A CN202011296129 A CN 202011296129A CN 112166917 B CN112166917 B CN 112166917B
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- film
- supporting
- tobacco
- belts
- mulching film
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots, which comprises two supporting mechanisms arranged on two sides of a tobacco ridge in the width direction, wherein each supporting mechanism is formed by splicing a plurality of supporting guard plates; the plastic film unit comprises two hard film belts which are arranged in parallel and a film which is arranged between the two hard film belts, and a pulling and pressing mechanism which is arranged on the support plate and is used for pressing two ends of the hard film belts against the top edges of the corresponding support plates of the two support mechanisms. The invention has simple structure, can be repeatedly utilized, greatly reduces the damage of the mulching film and the soil pollution to the field, is convenient to install, adjust and disassemble, can timely realize ventilation and heat dissipation of soil under the film on the basis of not affecting the heat preservation function, and ensures the growth efficiency and the development quality of tobacco plants.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tobacco planting equipment, and particularly relates to a mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots.
Background
The mulching film mainly utilizes the plastic film with very thin thickness to cover the soil for crop growth, so that the soil can be subjected to heat preservation and fertilizer preservation, and in the prior art, the mulching film mulching cultivation belongs to a very mature crop cultivation technology, but with the large-scale use of the mulching film and the lower recovery rate of the mulching film, the mulching film pollution of a field is gradually aggravated. Especially, the ultra-thin mulching film is used, and the physical strength is insufficient due to the fact that the thickness of the ultra-thin mulching film is too small, so that phenomena such as cracking, ageing, weathering and the like are easy to occur in the growth process of crops, and the ultra-thin mulching film cannot be effectively recycled.
In the prior art, some technical concepts of hard mulching films are proposed, for example, patent documents with publication number of CN205546759U, CN207978541U, CN208783373U and the like, although a covering structure with large thickness and high hardness is provided to realize the repeated utilization of the structure so as to prevent pollution caused by weathering and crushing, the technical scheme is more similar to the miniaturization of a greenhouse structure, the practicality of covering soil as a mulching film is poor, meanwhile, the mulching film also needs to perform hole digging and seedling digging operations, such as strawberries, tobacco plants and the like, and for crops with long growth time and large volume of tobacco, the mulching film needs to be separated from ridge soil in the middle growth stage of the tobacco plants, namely, the mulching film is not needed, and the hard mulching film in the prior art cannot realize the functions.
Meanwhile, when the tobacco plants are transplanted in 4-5 months of the film covering period, the day and night temperature difference of the field is larger, the subfilm soil at the root of the tobacco plants is subjected to stronger illumination in daytime and is heated up rapidly, the temperature is up to more than 50 ℃, the mulching film needs to be torn in time for ventilation and heat dissipation so as to prevent the root of the tobacco plants from being injured, but the heat preservation effect of the mulching film is damaged directly, and tobacco farmers also need to realign and pave the torn mulching film in the evening and cover the torn mulching film with the soil so as to keep the heat preservation effect of the mulching film as much as possible to resist the low temperature at night. The whole operation is labor-consuming and time-consuming, and influences the growth of tobacco plants, so that the growth speed of the tobacco plants is easily reduced, and the development quality of leaves is easily reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots, which has a simple structure, can be repeatedly used, greatly reduces the damage of mulching films and the soil pollution to the field, is convenient to install, adjust and disassemble, can timely realize ventilation and heat dissipation of soil under the films on the basis of not affecting the heat preservation function, and ensures the growth efficiency and development quality of tobacco plants.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the device comprises two supporting mechanisms which are arranged on two sides of the width direction of a tobacco ridge, wherein the supporting mechanisms are formed by splicing a plurality of supporting guard plates, and the supporting guard plates of the two supporting mechanisms are correspondingly arranged;
the device also comprises a mulching film mechanism arranged on the supporting mechanism, wherein the mulching film mechanism comprises a plurality of mulching film units covering the top surfaces of the two corresponding supporting plates, each mulching film unit comprises two hard film belts arranged in parallel and a film arranged between the two hard film belts, and the end parts of the hard film belts are provided with pull belts;
the device also comprises a pulling and pressing mechanism which is arranged on the supporting plate and used for pressing the two ends of the hard film belt against the top edges of the corresponding supporting plates of the two supporting mechanisms; the pull belts at the same-direction end parts of the two hard film belts are fixedly connected with the outer walls of the pull drums respectively, threaded rods are coaxially and fixedly arranged at the opposite end parts of the two pull drums, and the threads of the two threaded rods are opposite in rotation direction and are in threaded fit with the same sleeve; the two threaded rods are sleeved with first limit springs, and two ends of each first limit spring respectively contact with corresponding ports of the sleeve and the pull cylinder and are in a compressed state at any moment; the pulling and pressing mechanism comprises two grooves arranged on the support plate, a pressing block is slidably arranged in the grooves, a second limiting spring in a compressed state is arranged at the top of the pressing block, a drag hook exposed to the outside of the grooves is arranged on the surface of the pressing block, and the drag hook is downwards bent and is used for being matched with the sleeve.
Preferably, in the deviating side edges of the two hard film belts, one side edge is provided with an assembly convex strip, and the other side edge is provided with an assembly groove matched with the assembly convex strip of the side mulching film unit.
Preferably, the two sides of the supporting plate are respectively provided with an assembly clamping strip and an assembly clamping groove, and the tops of the corresponding supporting plates of the two supporting mechanisms are inclined in opposite directions, and the bottoms of the corresponding supporting plates are away from each other.
Preferably, the bottom of the support plate is fixedly provided with a soil binding rod, the soil binding rod is arranged on a vertical horizontal plane, and a plurality of soil binding nails are circumferentially arranged on the soil binding rod.
Preferably, the soil binding nails are upwards bent.
Preferably, the hard film belt is made of transparent plastic with the thickness of 1mm, and the support plate is made of black PVC material.
The application process of the invention is as follows:
firstly, selecting a corresponding number of support plates according to the length of a tobacco ridge, inserting and matching the assembly clamping strips of the support plates with the assembly clamping grooves of the adjacent support plates, sequentially operating to form support mechanisms, abutting the two support mechanisms against two sides of the tobacco ridge, and keeping the support plates of the two support mechanisms arranged in a pairwise corresponding mode. Finally, the soil binding rod at the bottom of the support plate is bound into the ground, so that the installation of the support mechanism is completed. Because the soil binding nail of the soil binding rod is bent upwards, the resistance of the soil binding rod penetrating into the ground is not overlarge, but the resistance of the soil binding rod during external pulling can be improved, and the connection stability of the support plate and the ground can be ensured. Meanwhile, the supporting mechanism can be firstly formed by mechanical ridging and then arranged, or the supporting mechanism can be firstly arranged and then the soil is filled between the two supporting mechanisms by using the machine to form the tobacco ridge. Because the standardization and refinement requirements of tobacco planting at present, the width and the interval of the tobacco ridges, and the depth, the diameter and the interval of the transplanted tobacco holes have specific parameter requirements, the setting of the supporting mechanism can be completely dependent.
After tobacco seedlings are transplanted into tobacco ridges, two ends of each mulch film unit are placed at the tops of the two corresponding support plates, then a sleeve at one end of each mulch film unit is matched with a draw hook on the corresponding support plate, meanwhile, the draw hook on the other support plate is pushed upwards against the elasticity of the second limiting spring, and then the mulch film unit is tensioned and the sleeve at the other end of each mulch film unit is matched with the draw hook of the corresponding support plate. The second limiting spring is in a compressed state at any time, so that the second limiting spring is kept in a state of pushing the draw hook downwards at any time, and the mulching film unit is pressed against the top edges of the two support plates under the tightening action of the draw hooks of the two support plates. And each mulching film unit is matched with the corresponding assembly convex strips and the corresponding assembly grooves, so that a complete mulching film mechanism is formed and the gap between the two support mechanisms is well closed. Finally, after the two ends of the tobacco ridge are covered by the common mulching film in a matched manner, a complete mulching film structure capable of covering tobacco seedlings is formed. It should be noted that the film of the mulching film unit should be disposed at the position corresponding to the tobacco seedling, so that the punching and seedling picking and film uncovering operations of the film are realized after the tobacco seedling grows for a certain time.
When ventilation under the film is needed, the sleeve is rotated, and the first limit spring is in a compressed state at all times, so that the axial pushing acting force of the first limit spring on the sleeve and the pull cylinder enables the pull cylinder to be unable to rotate along with the rotation of the sleeve as much as possible, and meanwhile, the trend of rotation along with the rotation of the sleeve can be effectively prevented due to the fact that the length of the mulching film unit is fixed. In addition, the threads of the two threaded rods are opposite in rotation direction, so that the threaded rods drive the pull cylinders to axially move oppositely, and further drive the two hard film belts to move oppositely, so that gaps between two adjacent mulching film units at the exposed positions are exposed, and ventilation and heat dissipation are realized. When heat preservation is needed, the sleeve is reversely rotated, the mulching film unit is reset and closed, the temperature under the mulching film is kept, and the night low temperature is resisted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) The invention has simple structure, adopts the hard film belt to be matched with the film to form the film unit, and the film units form the film structure: the hard film belt is not easy to crack and weather, and can be reused; the film can be used for reducing the cost, the follow-up seedling picking and film uncovering operation is not influenced, meanwhile, the film is connected with the hard film belt, the integrity is good after the film is disassembled, the film is convenient to collect and recycle, and soil pollution caused by the fact that the film is left in the field is avoided;
2) Because the tobacco seedling transplanting requirement is to make big holes and water, and simultaneously, mechanical hole making is adopted, the soil on the tobacco ridges is easy to fall down in a scattered way, and the arrangement of the support plate can effectively support the tobacco ridges, the modeling, the height and the thickness of the tobacco ridges can be effectively maintained no matter in the processes of ridging, hole making or water and fertilizer dressing for a plurality of times in the later period, and the basic environment for the root growth of tobacco plants is ensured. Meanwhile, the support guard board is black, and can absorb heat and raise temperature under illumination and kill crops such as weeds at the side of the ridge;
3) Each mulching film unit can deform, so that gaps are exposed between the mulching film units, and ventilation and heat dissipation of soil under the mulching film can be realized in time. Meanwhile, the tobacco plant can also be reset to form a complete structure, and the operation of preserving heat and preserving soil moisture of the environment under the film is continued, so that the growth efficiency and the development quality of tobacco plants are ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a mulching film device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots in an embodiment.
Description of the embodiments
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a plastic film device convenient to tobacco plant root ventilation and heat dissipation, the device is including being used for setting up two supporting mechanism 1 in tobacco ridge width direction both sides, and supporting mechanism 1 is by the concatenation of several supporting plate 11 and two supporting mechanism's supporting plate 11 is corresponding setting, the both sides of supporting plate 11 are equipped with assembly draw-in strip 12 and assembly draw-in groove 13 respectively, and two supporting mechanism 1's corresponding supporting plate 11, and its top subtended slope, bottom are kept away from the setting dorsad, and supporting plate 11 bottom is fixed to be equipped with and pricks native pole 4, pricks the setting of native pole 4 perpendicular horizontal plane and pricks the last circumference of native pole 4 and be equipped with the several and prick native nail 41, prick native nail 41 and be the setting of bending upwards.
The device also comprises a mulching film mechanism 2 arranged on the supporting mechanism 1, wherein the mulching film mechanism 2 comprises a plurality of mulching film units 2 covering the top surfaces of the two corresponding supporting plates 11, each mulching film unit 2 comprises two hard film belts 21 which are arranged in parallel and a film 22 arranged between the two hard film belts 21, the end parts of the hard film belts 21 are provided with pull belts 25, one side of each hard film belt 21, which is far away from the side, is provided with an assembly raised line 23, and the other side of each hard film belt 21 is provided with an assembly groove 24 matched with the assembly raised line 23 of the side mulching film unit; the pull belts 25 at the same directional end parts of the two hard film belts 21 are fixedly connected with the outer walls of the pull drums 31 respectively, the opposite directional end parts of the two pull drums 31 are coaxially and fixedly provided with threaded rods 32, the threads of the two threaded rods 32 are opposite in rotation direction and are in threaded fit with the same sleeve 34, the two threaded rods 32 are sleeved with first limit springs 33, and two ends of each first limit spring 33 respectively contact with corresponding ports of the sleeve 34 and the pull drum 34 and are in a compressed state at any moment.
The device further comprises a pulling and pressing mechanism which is arranged on the support plate 11 and used for pressing two ends of the hard film belt against the top edges of the corresponding support plates of the two support mechanisms, the pulling and pressing mechanism comprises two grooves 35 which are arranged on the support plates, a pressing block 36 is arranged in the grooves 35 in a sliding mode, a second limit spring 38 which is in a compressed state is arranged at the top of the pressing block 36, and a drag hook 37 exposed to the outside of the grooves is arranged on the surface of the pressing block 36, and the drag hook 37 is downwards bent and is used for being matched with the sleeve 34.
The hard film tape 21 is made of transparent plastic having a thickness of 1mm, and the support plate 11 is made of black PVC material.
The application process of the invention is as follows:
firstly, selecting a corresponding number of support plates according to the length of a tobacco ridge, inserting and matching the assembly clamping strips of the support plates with the assembly clamping grooves of the adjacent support plates, sequentially operating to form support mechanisms, abutting the two support mechanisms against two sides of the tobacco ridge, and keeping the support plates of the two support mechanisms arranged in a pairwise corresponding mode. Finally, the soil binding rod at the bottom of the support plate is bound into the ground, so that the installation of the support mechanism is completed. Because the soil binding nail of the soil binding rod is bent upwards, the resistance of the soil binding rod penetrating into the ground is not overlarge, but the resistance of the soil binding rod during external pulling can be improved, and the connection stability of the support plate and the ground can be ensured. Meanwhile, the supporting mechanism can be firstly formed by mechanical ridging and then arranged, or the supporting mechanism can be firstly arranged and then the soil is filled between the two supporting mechanisms by using the machine to form the tobacco ridge. Because the standardization and refinement requirements of tobacco planting at present, the width and the interval of the tobacco ridges, and the depth, the diameter and the interval of the transplanted tobacco holes have specific parameter requirements, the setting of the supporting mechanism can be completely dependent.
After tobacco seedlings are transplanted into tobacco ridges, two ends of each mulch film unit are placed at the tops of the two corresponding support plates, then a sleeve at one end of each mulch film unit is matched with a draw hook on the corresponding support plate, meanwhile, the draw hook on the other support plate is pushed upwards against the elasticity of the second limiting spring, and then the mulch film unit is tensioned and the sleeve at the other end of each mulch film unit is matched with the draw hook of the corresponding support plate. The second limiting spring is in a compressed state at any time, so that the second limiting spring is kept in a state of pushing the draw hook downwards at any time, and the mulching film unit is pressed against the top edges of the two support plates under the tightening action of the draw hooks of the two support plates. And each mulching film unit is matched with the corresponding assembly convex strips and the corresponding assembly grooves, so that a complete mulching film mechanism is formed and the gap between the two support mechanisms is well closed. Finally, after the two ends of the tobacco ridge are covered by the common mulching film in a matched manner, a complete mulching film structure capable of covering tobacco seedlings is formed. It should be noted that the film of the mulching film unit should be disposed at the position corresponding to the tobacco seedling, so that the punching and seedling picking and film uncovering operations of the film are realized after the tobacco seedling grows for a certain time.
When ventilation under the film is needed, the sleeve is rotated, and the first limit spring is in a compressed state at all times, so that the axial pushing acting force of the first limit spring on the sleeve and the pull cylinder enables the pull cylinder to be unable to rotate along with the rotation of the sleeve as much as possible, and meanwhile, the trend of rotation along with the rotation of the sleeve can be effectively prevented due to the fact that the length of the mulching film unit is fixed. In addition, the threads of the two threaded rods are opposite in rotation direction, so that the threaded rods drive the pull cylinders to axially move oppositely, and further drive the two hard film belts to move oppositely, so that gaps between two adjacent mulching film units at the exposed positions are exposed, and ventilation and heat dissipation are realized. When heat preservation is needed, the sleeve is reversely rotated, the mulching film unit is reset and closed, the temperature under the mulching film is kept, and the night low temperature is resisted.
Claims (6)
1. The mulching film device is characterized by comprising two supporting mechanisms which are arranged on two sides of the width direction of a tobacco ridge, wherein the supporting mechanisms are formed by splicing a plurality of supporting guard plates, and the supporting guard plates of the two supporting mechanisms are correspondingly arranged;
the device also comprises a mulching film mechanism arranged on the supporting mechanism, wherein the mulching film mechanism comprises a plurality of mulching film units covering the top surfaces of the two corresponding supporting plates, each mulching film unit comprises two hard film belts arranged in parallel and a film arranged between the two hard film belts, and the end parts of the hard film belts are provided with pull belts;
the device also comprises a pulling and pressing mechanism which is arranged on the supporting plate and used for pressing the two ends of the hard film belt against the top edges of the corresponding supporting plates of the two supporting mechanisms;
the pull belts at the same-direction end parts of the two hard film belts are fixedly connected with the outer walls of the pull drums respectively, threaded rods are coaxially and fixedly arranged at the opposite end parts of the two pull drums, and the threads of the two threaded rods are opposite in rotation direction and are in threaded fit with the same sleeve;
the two threaded rods are sleeved with first limit springs, and two ends of each first limit spring respectively contact with corresponding ports of the sleeve and the pull cylinder and are in a compressed state at any moment;
the pulling and pressing mechanism comprises two grooves arranged on the support plate, a pressing block is slidably arranged in the grooves, a second limiting spring in a compressed state is arranged at the top of the pressing block, a drag hook exposed to the outside of the grooves is arranged on the surface of the pressing block, and the drag hook is downwards bent and is used for being matched with the sleeve.
2. The mulch device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots as claimed in claim 1, wherein one side of the two hard film belts facing away from the side is provided with an assembling convex strip, and the other side is provided with an assembling groove matched with the assembling convex strip of the side mulch unit.
3. The mulch film device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots as claimed in claim 1, wherein two sides of the supporting plate are respectively provided with an assembling clamping strip and an assembling clamping groove, and the tops of the corresponding supporting plates of the two supporting mechanisms are oppositely inclined, and the bottoms of the corresponding supporting plates are away from each other.
4. The mulch film device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots according to claim 1, wherein a soil binding rod is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the support plate, the soil binding rod is arranged in a vertical horizontal plane, and a plurality of soil binding nails are circumferentially arranged on the soil binding rod.
5. The mulch device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots as claimed in claim 4, wherein the soil binding nails are upwardly bent.
6. The mulch device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco roots according to claim 1, wherein the hard film belt is made of transparent plastic with a thickness of 1mm, and the support plate is made of black PVC material.
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CN202011296129.3A CN112166917B (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots |
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CN202011296129.3A CN112166917B (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots |
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CN112166917A CN112166917A (en) | 2021-01-05 |
CN112166917B true CN112166917B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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CN1254499A (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2000-05-31 | 王文收 | Energy-saving insulating plastic hot-shed |
CN2423715Y (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-03-21 | 崔海涛 | Detatching combination multipurpose farm greenhouse |
FR2869197A1 (en) * | 2004-04-22 | 2005-10-28 | Toltex | Mulching staple for retaining e.g. film, has hollow rod forming axial housing, and having rear end with support plate whose circular ends are perpendicular to axis of rod and shoulder brackets to connect plate to rod |
JP2006254847A (en) * | 2005-03-18 | 2006-09-28 | Masateru Ashida | Agricultural coating sheet |
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CN206963505U (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2018-02-06 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Beneficial to the embedding membrane type alley structure of mulch film recovery |
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CN111328591A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-06-26 | 水利部牧区水利科学研究所 | But reuse's PET plastic film |
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