CN112166917A - Mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots - Google Patents
Mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots Download PDFInfo
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- CN112166917A CN112166917A CN202011296129.3A CN202011296129A CN112166917A CN 112166917 A CN112166917 A CN 112166917A CN 202011296129 A CN202011296129 A CN 202011296129A CN 112166917 A CN112166917 A CN 112166917A
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- Prior art keywords
- supporting
- film
- heat dissipation
- mulching film
- tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Protection Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of the root of a tobacco plant, which comprises two supporting mechanisms arranged on two sides of a tobacco ridge in the width direction, wherein each supporting mechanism is formed by splicing a plurality of supporting plates; still including setting up the plastic film mechanism on strutting the mechanism, plastic film mechanism covers the plastic film unit of two corresponding supporting plate top surfaces including the several, and the plastic film unit includes the stereoplasm membrane area of two parallel arrangement and sets up the film between two stereoplasm membrane areas to and set up on propping up the backplate and be used for pressing the stereoplasm membrane area both ends in the mechanism of drawing and pressing at two corresponding backplate top borders of strutting the mechanism. The plastic film mulching.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tobacco planting equipment, and particularly relates to a mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots.
Background
The plastic film that the plastic film is very thin mainly utilized covers the soil that the crop grows, so can keep warm to the soil and keep fertile, and plastic film mulching cultivation among the prior art has been the very mature crop cultivation technique, but along with the extensive use of plastic film and the rate of recovery of plastic film is lower, has led to the plastic film pollution of field to aggravate gradually. Especially, the use of the ultrathin mulching film has insufficient physical strength due to too small thickness, and the phenomena of cracking, aging, weathering and the like easily occur in the growth process of crops, so that the ultrathin mulching film cannot be effectively recycled.
Some technical concepts of hard mulching films are proposed in the prior art, for example, patent documents with publication numbers CN205546759U, CN207978541U, and CN208783373U, and the like, although a covering structure with large thickness and high hardness is provided to realize the reuse of the structure so as to prevent the phenomenon of pollution caused by weathering and breakage, the technical scheme is more like the reduction of a greenhouse structure, the practicability of covering soil as a mulching film is poor, meanwhile, the mulching film also needs to be subjected to hole breaking and seedling digging operations such as strawberries and tobacco plants when in use, and for crops with long growth time and large volume such as tobacco, the mulching film needs to be separated from ridge soil to be uncovered in the middle stage of growth of the tobacco plants, namely, the mulching film is not needed, and the hard mulching film in the prior art cannot realize the above functions.
Meanwhile, when the tobacco plants are transplanted in the period of mulching film covering for 4-5 months, the temperature difference between day and night in the field is large, the soil under the root of the tobacco plants is rapidly heated by strong light in the daytime, the temperature is higher than 50 ℃, the mulching film needs to be torn off in time to ventilate and radiate so as to prevent the roots of the tobacco plants from being injured, but the heat preservation effect of the mulching film is directly damaged, and a tobacco grower needs to align the torn mulching film again at night and cover the mulching film with soil to keep the heat preservation effect of the mulching film as much as possible so as to resist the low temperature at night. The whole operation not only consumes labor and time, but also influences the growth of tobacco plants, and is easy to slow down the growth speed of the tobacco plants and reduce the development quality of leaves.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots, which is simple in structure, can be reused, greatly reduces damage of mulching films and soil pollution to fields, is convenient and quick to install, adjust and detach, can realize ventilation and heat dissipation of soil under the mulching films on the basis of not influencing the heat preservation function, and ensures the growth efficiency and the development quality of tobacco plants.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of the root of a tobacco plant comprises two supporting mechanisms arranged on two sides of a tobacco ridge in the width direction, wherein each supporting mechanism is formed by splicing a plurality of supporting plates, and the supporting plates of the two supporting mechanisms are correspondingly arranged;
the device also comprises a mulching film mechanism arranged on the supporting mechanism, the mulching film mechanism comprises a plurality of mulching film units covering the top surfaces of two corresponding supporting plates, each mulching film unit comprises two hard film belts arranged in parallel and a film arranged between the two hard film belts, and the end parts of the hard film belts are provided with pull belts;
the device also comprises a pulling and pressing mechanism which is arranged on the supporting and protecting plate and used for pressing two ends of the hard film belt against the top edges of the corresponding supporting and protecting plates of the two protecting mechanisms.
Preferably, the drawstrings at the ends of the two hard film belts in the same direction are respectively fixedly connected with the outer wall of the pull cylinder, threaded rods are coaxially and fixedly arranged at the opposite ends of the two pull cylinders, and the threads of the two threaded rods are in opposite rotation directions and are matched with the threads of the same sleeve.
Preferably, the two threaded rods are sleeved with first limiting springs, and two ends of each first limiting spring respectively push against corresponding ports of the sleeve and the pull cylinder and are constantly in a compressed state.
Preferably, draw the pressure mechanism including setting up two recesses on the supporting plate, slide in the recess and set the briquetting, the briquetting top is equipped with the spacing spring of second that is in by compression state, and the briquetting surface is equipped with and exposes to the external drag hook of recess, and the drag hook is the form of bending downwards and is used for the cooperation the sleeve.
Preferably, in deviating from to the side of two stereoplasm membrane areas, a side is equipped with the assembly sand grip, and opposite side is equipped with the assembly recess with the assembly sand grip complex of side plastic film unit.
Preferably, the two sides of the supporting and protecting plate are respectively provided with an assembling clamping strip and an assembling clamping groove, and the top of the corresponding supporting and protecting plate of the two supporting and protecting mechanisms is inclined in opposite directions, and the bottom of the corresponding supporting and protecting plate is away from the supporting and protecting mechanism.
Preferably, the bottom of the supporting and protecting plate is fixedly provided with a soil pricking rod, the soil pricking rod is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and is circumferentially provided with a plurality of soil pricking nails.
Preferably, the soil pricking nail is bent upwards.
Preferably, the hard film strip is made of transparent plastic with the thickness of 1mm, and the support plate is made of black PVC material.
The use process of the invention is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly selecting a corresponding number of supporting plates according to the length of a tobacco ridge, inserting and matching the assembling clamping strips of the supporting plates with the assembling clamping grooves of adjacent supporting plates, operating in sequence to form supporting mechanisms, supporting the two supporting mechanisms against two sides of the tobacco ridge, and keeping the supporting plates of the two supporting mechanisms in pairwise corresponding arrangement. And finally, pricking the soil pricking rod at the bottom of the support guard plate into the ground to finish the installation of the support mechanism. Because the soil pricking nail of the soil pricking rod is bent upwards, the resistance of the soil pricking rod when being pricked into the ground is not too large, but the resistance of the soil pricking rod when being pulled out is improved, so that the connection stability of the support guard plate and the ground can be ensured. Meanwhile, the ridge can be formed through machinery firstly, then the supporting mechanism is arranged, the supporting mechanism can also be arranged firstly, and then the machinery is used for filling soil into the space between the two supporting mechanisms to form the tobacco ridge. Because the standardization and refinement requirements of the current tobacco planting, the width and the spacing of tobacco ridges, and the depth, the diameter and the spacing of the transplanting tobacco holes have specific parameter requirements, the arrangement of the supporting mechanism can be completely relied on.
After the tobacco seedlings are transplanted into the tobacco ridges, the two ends of each mulching film unit are placed at the tops of the two corresponding guard plates, then the sleeves at one ends of the mulching film units are matched with the draw hooks on the corresponding support plates, meanwhile, the draw hooks on the other guard plate overcome the elastic force of the second limiting spring to push upwards, then the mulching film units are tensioned, and the sleeves at the other ends of the mulching film units are matched with the draw hooks of the corresponding support plates. Because the second limiting spring is in a compressed state at any time, the second limiting spring keeps a state of pushing the draw hooks downwards at any time, and the mulching film unit is pressed against the top edges of the two protective plates under the tightening action of the draw hooks of the two protective plates. Meanwhile, each mulching film unit is matched with the corresponding assembly convex strip and the assembly groove, so that a complete mulching film mechanism is formed, and the gap between the two protection mechanisms is well sealed. Finally, the two ends of the tobacco ridge are covered by common mulching films in a matching manner, so that a complete mulching film structure capable of covering tobacco seedlings is formed. It should be noted that the film of plastic film unit should be arranged in the place where the tobacco seedling is located, so that the punching, seedling picking and film uncovering operation of the film is realized after the tobacco seedling grows for a certain time.
When needing to carry out the below-film ventilation, rotatory sleeve, because first spacing spring is in compressed state constantly, so its axial ejection effort to sleeve and pull cylinder makes the pull cylinder as far as possible unable along with telescopic rotation and rotates, simultaneously because the length of plastic film unit self is fixed, so also can prevent effectively that the pull cylinder from appearing along with the rotatory trend of sleeve. In addition, the thread turning directions of the two threaded rods are opposite, so that the threaded rods rotate to drive the pull cylinder to move axially in opposite directions, and further drive the two hard film belts to move in opposite directions, so that the gaps between the two adjacent film units at the exposed positions are exposed, and ventilation and heat dissipation are realized. When heat preservation is needed, the sleeve is rotated reversely, the mulching film unit resets and is closed, the temperature under the film is kept, and the low temperature at night is resisted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the invention has simple structure, adopts the hard film belt to match with the film to form the mulching film units, and a plurality of mulching film units form the mulching film structure: the hard film belt is not easy to crack and weather and can be repeatedly used; the use of the film can reduce the cost, the subsequent seedling picking and film uncovering operation can not be influenced, and meanwhile, the film is connected with the hard film belt, so that the film has better integrity after being disassembled, is convenient to collect and recycle, and can not be left in the field to cause soil pollution;
2) because the requirement of transplanting the tobacco seedlings is to dig big holes and water, mechanical hole digging is mostly adopted, ridge soil of the tobacco ridges falls randomly easily, the tobacco ridges can be effectively supported by the arrangement of the supporting plates, the shape, the height and the thickness of the tobacco ridges can be effectively kept no matter in the process of ridging, hole digging or water and fertilizer dressing for a plurality of times in the later period, and the basic environment for root growth of tobacco plants is ensured. Meanwhile, the supporting and protecting plates are black, so that the heat can be absorbed and the temperature can be raised under the illumination, and the weeds and other crops on the ridge side can be killed;
3) every plastic film unit all can take place deformation to expose the clearance between the plastic film unit, can in time realize the soil ventilation heat dissipation under the membrane. Meanwhile, the tobacco plant can be reset to form a complete structure, and the heat preservation and soil moisture preservation operation is continuously carried out on the environment under the film, so that the growth efficiency and the development quality of the tobacco plants are ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a mulching film device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of roots of tobacco plants in a specific embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a plastic film device convenient to tobacco plant root ventilation cooling, the device is including being used for setting up two protection mechanism 1 in tobacco ridge width direction both sides, and support mechanism 1 is formed by several fender boards 11 concatenation and two fender boards 11 that protect the mechanism are corresponding the setting, the both sides of fender board 11 are equipped with assembly card strip 12 and assembly draw-in groove 13 respectively, and two fender boards 11 that protect the correspondence of mechanism 1, and its top subtend slope, bottom keep away from the setting dorsad, and the fixed pole 4 of pricking soil that is equipped with in fender board 11 bottom pricks native pole 4, pricks native pole 4 perpendicular horizontal plane setting and pricks and is equipped with the several on the native pole 4 and pricks native nail 41, prick native nail 41 and be the setting of bending upwards.
The device further comprises a mulching film mechanism 2 arranged on the supporting mechanism 1, the mulching film mechanism 2 comprises a plurality of mulching film units 2 covering the top surfaces of the two corresponding supporting guard plates 11, each mulching film unit 2 comprises two hard film belts 21 arranged in parallel and a film 22 arranged between the two hard film belts 21, a pull belt 25 is arranged at the end part of each hard film belt 21, the two hard film belts 21 deviate from the side edges, an assembling convex strip 23 is arranged on one side edge, and an assembling groove 24 matched with the assembling convex strip 23 of the side mulching film unit is arranged on the other side edge; the stretching strap 25 of two hard film belt 21 syntropy tip respectively with a 31 outer wall fixed connection of drawing, two opposite direction tip that draw a 31 all coaxial threaded rod 32 that has set firmly, the screw thread of two threaded rods 32 is revolved to opposite and in same sleeve 34 screw-thread fit, the cover is equipped with first spacing spring 33 on two threaded rods 32, and first spacing spring 33 both ends are in by compression state respectively to the corresponding port that touches sleeve 34 and draw a 34.
The device is still including setting up on a backplate 11 and being used for pressing the carbide film area both ends in the corresponding pressure mechanism that draws on backplate top border of two protection mechanisms, draw pressure mechanism including setting up two recesses 35 on a backplate, sliding in recess 35 and having set briquetting 36, briquetting 36 top is equipped with the spacing spring 38 of second that is in by compression state, and briquetting 36 surface is equipped with exposes to the external drag hook 37 of recess, and drag hook 37 is the form of bending downwards and is used for the cooperation sleeve 34.
The hard film belt 21 is made of transparent plastic with the thickness of 1mm, and the support plate 11 is made of black PVC material.
The use process of the invention is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly selecting a corresponding number of supporting plates according to the length of a tobacco ridge, inserting and matching the assembling clamping strips of the supporting plates with the assembling clamping grooves of adjacent supporting plates, operating in sequence to form supporting mechanisms, supporting the two supporting mechanisms against two sides of the tobacco ridge, and keeping the supporting plates of the two supporting mechanisms in pairwise corresponding arrangement. And finally, pricking the soil pricking rod at the bottom of the support guard plate into the ground to finish the installation of the support mechanism. Because the soil pricking nail of the soil pricking rod is bent upwards, the resistance of the soil pricking rod when being pricked into the ground is not too large, but the resistance of the soil pricking rod when being pulled out is improved, so that the connection stability of the support guard plate and the ground can be ensured. Meanwhile, the ridge can be formed through machinery firstly, then the supporting mechanism is arranged, the supporting mechanism can also be arranged firstly, and then the machinery is used for filling soil into the space between the two supporting mechanisms to form the tobacco ridge. Because the standardization and refinement requirements of the current tobacco planting, the width and the spacing of tobacco ridges, and the depth, the diameter and the spacing of the transplanting tobacco holes have specific parameter requirements, the arrangement of the supporting mechanism can be completely relied on.
After the tobacco seedlings are transplanted into the tobacco ridges, the two ends of each mulching film unit are placed at the tops of the two corresponding guard plates, then the sleeves at one ends of the mulching film units are matched with the draw hooks on the corresponding support plates, meanwhile, the draw hooks on the other guard plate overcome the elastic force of the second limiting spring to push upwards, then the mulching film units are tensioned, and the sleeves at the other ends of the mulching film units are matched with the draw hooks of the corresponding support plates. Because the second limiting spring is in a compressed state at any time, the second limiting spring keeps a state of pushing the draw hooks downwards at any time, and the mulching film unit is pressed against the top edges of the two protective plates under the tightening action of the draw hooks of the two protective plates. Meanwhile, each mulching film unit is matched with the corresponding assembly convex strip and the assembly groove, so that a complete mulching film mechanism is formed, and the gap between the two protection mechanisms is well sealed. Finally, the two ends of the tobacco ridge are covered by common mulching films in a matching manner, so that a complete mulching film structure capable of covering tobacco seedlings is formed. It should be noted that the film of plastic film unit should be arranged in the place where the tobacco seedling is located, so that the punching, seedling picking and film uncovering operation of the film is realized after the tobacco seedling grows for a certain time.
When needing to carry out the below-film ventilation, rotatory sleeve, because first spacing spring is in compressed state constantly, so its axial ejection effort to sleeve and pull cylinder makes the pull cylinder as far as possible unable along with telescopic rotation and rotates, simultaneously because the length of plastic film unit self is fixed, so also can prevent effectively that the pull cylinder from appearing along with the rotatory trend of sleeve. In addition, the thread turning directions of the two threaded rods are opposite, so that the threaded rods rotate to drive the pull cylinder to move axially in opposite directions, and further drive the two hard film belts to move in opposite directions, so that the gaps between the two adjacent film units at the exposed positions are exposed, and ventilation and heat dissipation are realized. When heat preservation is needed, the sleeve is rotated reversely, the mulching film unit resets and is closed, the temperature under the film is kept, and the low temperature at night is resisted.
Claims (9)
1. A mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of the root of a tobacco plant is characterized by comprising two supporting mechanisms arranged on two sides of a tobacco ridge in the width direction, wherein each supporting mechanism is formed by splicing a plurality of supporting plates, and the supporting plates of the two supporting mechanisms are correspondingly arranged;
the device also comprises a mulching film mechanism arranged on the supporting mechanism, the mulching film mechanism comprises a plurality of mulching film units covering the top surfaces of two corresponding supporting plates, each mulching film unit comprises two hard film belts arranged in parallel and a film arranged between the two hard film belts, and the end parts of the hard film belts are provided with pull belts;
the device also comprises a pulling and pressing mechanism which is arranged on the supporting and protecting plate and used for pressing two ends of the hard film belt against the top edges of the corresponding supporting and protecting plates of the two protecting mechanisms.
2. The mulching film device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of the roots of tobacco plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pull belts at the ends of the two hard film belts in the same direction are respectively fixedly connected with the outer walls of the pulling cylinders, the opposite ends of the two pulling cylinders are respectively and coaxially and fixedly provided with a threaded rod, and the two threaded rods have opposite thread directions and are in thread fit with the same sleeve.
3. The mulching film device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of the root of the tobacco plant as claimed in claim 2, wherein a first limiting spring is sleeved on the two threaded rods, and two ends of the first limiting spring respectively push against corresponding ports of the sleeve and the pull cylinder and are constantly in a compressed state.
4. The mulching film device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of the roots of tobacco plants as claimed in claim 2, wherein the pulling and pressing mechanism comprises two grooves formed in the supporting plate, a pressing block is slidably disposed in the grooves, a second limiting spring in a compressed state is disposed at the top of the pressing block, a pulling hook exposed to the outside of the grooves is disposed on the surface of the pressing block, and the pulling hook is bent downward and is used for being engaged with the sleeve.
5. The mulch film device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of the roots of tobacco plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two hard film strips are provided with assembling ribs on one side and assembling grooves for engaging with the assembling ribs of the mulch film units on the other side.
6. The mulch film device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of the roots of tobacco plants as claimed in claim 1, wherein the two sides of the supporting and protecting plates are respectively provided with an assembling clamping strip and an assembling clamping groove, and the top of the corresponding supporting and protecting plate of the two supporting and protecting mechanisms is inclined oppositely and the bottom of the corresponding supporting and protecting plate is away from the bottom.
7. The mulching film device for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of the root of the tobacco plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein a soil pricking rod is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the supporting and protecting plate, the soil pricking rod is arranged vertically to the horizontal plane, and a plurality of soil pricking nails are circumferentially arranged on the soil pricking rod.
8. The mulch film apparatus according to claim 7 wherein the soil piercing nails are upwardly angled.
9. The mulch film apparatus for facilitating ventilation and heat dissipation of the roots of tobacco plants as claimed in claim 1 wherein the hard film strips are made of transparent plastic with a thickness of 1mm and the support plates are made of black PVC material.
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CN202011296129.3A CN112166917B (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots |
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CN202011296129.3A CN112166917B (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Mulching film device convenient for ventilation and heat dissipation of tobacco plant roots |
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CN112166917A true CN112166917A (en) | 2021-01-05 |
CN112166917B CN112166917B (en) | 2023-05-02 |
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CN213719070U (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-07-20 | 河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司 | Recyclable heat-preservation mulching film |
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JPH08280273A (en) * | 1994-06-23 | 1996-10-29 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Apparatus for opening tunnel greenhouse |
JPH10215709A (en) * | 1997-02-10 | 1998-08-18 | Nitto Denko Corp | Forming method and frame member for crop growing tunnel |
CN1254499A (en) * | 1999-11-10 | 2000-05-31 | 王文收 | Energy-saving insulating plastic hot-shed |
CN2423715Y (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-03-21 | 崔海涛 | Detatching combination multipurpose farm greenhouse |
FR2869197A1 (en) * | 2004-04-22 | 2005-10-28 | Toltex | Mulching staple for retaining e.g. film, has hollow rod forming axial housing, and having rear end with support plate whose circular ends are perpendicular to axis of rod and shoulder brackets to connect plate to rod |
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CN213719070U (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-07-20 | 河南省烟草公司平顶山市公司 | Recyclable heat-preservation mulching film |
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