CN112096524B - 防卡嗒声的排气阀 - Google Patents

防卡嗒声的排气阀 Download PDF

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CN112096524B
CN112096524B CN202010553085.1A CN202010553085A CN112096524B CN 112096524 B CN112096524 B CN 112096524B CN 202010553085 A CN202010553085 A CN 202010553085A CN 112096524 B CN112096524 B CN 112096524B
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shaft
axis
valve body
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valve
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CN112096524A (zh
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R·德马托斯
A·纳奈克斯
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Faurecia Systemes dEchappement SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K47/00—Means in valves for absorbing fluid energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D9/00—Controlling engines by throttling air or fuel-and-air induction conduits or exhaust conduits
    • F02D9/08—Throttle valves specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of such valves in conduits
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
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    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/50—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members
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    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
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    • F16K1/18—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps
    • F16K1/22—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps with axis of rotation crossing the valve member, e.g. butterfly valves
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    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
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    • F16K1/18—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps
    • F16K1/22—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with pivoted closure-members with pivoted discs or flaps with axis of rotation crossing the valve member, e.g. butterfly valves
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    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
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    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F16K31/041—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves
    • F16K31/043—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means
    • F16K31/045—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor for rotating valves characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means with torque limiters
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    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/04—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor
    • F16K31/047—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means
    • F16K31/048—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a motor characterised by mechanical means between the motor and the valve, e.g. lost motion means reducing backlash, clutches, brakes or return means with torque limiters
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Abstract

本发明涉及排气阀(1)，其具有阀体(2)、相对于阀体(2)沿第一对称轴线(A)转动的轴(3)、固定于轴(3)的阀门(4)、使轴(3)铰接于阀体(2)的球窝接头(7)、以及接口装置(10)，接口装置具有动力输出装置(12)，其中，动力输出装置(12)相对于第一对称轴线(A)具有偏移(D)。

Description

防卡嗒声的排气阀
技术领域
本发明涉及排气阀领域。排气阀通常定位在内燃发动机下游的排气管路中。其通常：
-用于所述管路的支管，有选择地向尾气再循环装置排出至少部分尾气，
-用于旁通管，以便将全部或者部分尾气引向余热回收装置，
-用作为消声目的而产生反向压力的装置。
背景技术
如图1所示，公知地，排气阀1具有阀体2、轴3阀门4、两个轴承5,6、球窝接头和接口装置10。阀体2是空心管形，例如广义圆柱体形。其具有第一通过截面S。两个轴承5,6在两侧正相反地定位和固定在阀体2的壁上。轴3通过阀体2，在每一侧，其端部之一接合在两个轴承5,6的每一个中。因此，轴3可围绕轴3的第一对称轴线A相对于阀体2进行旋转。阀门4固定于轴3，定位在阀体2内。在下面的实施方式中，阀门4的第二截面S’基本上相同于第一截面S。因此，由轴3旋转的阀门4可以在关闭位置与收起位置之间旋转，在关闭位置，阀门4的第二截面S’关闭阀体2的第一截面S，同时面对气体的上游，因此关闭阀1，收起位置基本上垂直于关闭位置，在收起位置，阀门4厚度小，面对气体的上游，允许气体通过，从而开启阀1。
根据在排气管路中的使用，这种排气阀1易遭受高温，尤其是宽范围的温度变化。因此，为了适应大差别热膨胀，轴3与轴承5,6之间的旋转连接件具有大间隙。该间隙致使轴3在轴承5,6中的行程可能很大。在传输到轴3的振动和/或压力脉冲的作用下，该行程引起轴3对轴承5,6的很大反复冲击，或者阀门4对阀体2的很大反复冲击，可能导致所述接触部件磨损和/或断裂，另外产生卡嗒卡嗒声，其为令人烦恼的噪声源。
所述间隙还是轴承5,6漏气的原因。为了确保气密性，公知地，在轴3与阀体2之间定位球窝接头7。这种球窝接头7具有包容部件8和插入式部分9，所述包容部件8固定于阀体2或者轴3中的一个部件，所述插入式部分9固定于阀体2或者轴3中另一个部件，两个部件8,9定位成彼此面对，能够彼此接触。这可以在与轴3的轴线A基本上一致的作用力的作用下，使插入式部件9压在包容部件8上，从而确保轴3与阀体2之间的气密性。这种布置还可适应不同的热膨胀。
阀1还具有接口装置10。该接口装置10固定于轴3，通常定位在所述轴3的端部，能使接收的扭矩和作用力传输到所述轴3。接口装置10通常可使阀与执行机构进行连接。然后，执行机构围绕第一对称轴线A，沿一个方向传输用于开启的转矩，或者沿另一个方向传输用于关闭的转矩。执行机构例如使用具有弹性装置的连接器，也沿第一对称轴线A传输作用力，能在球窝接头7产生密封度。接口装置10还能沿至少一个方向沿第一对称轴线A传输所述作用力，有利地，所述方向使球窝接头7的两个部件8,9靠在一起，确保密封度。为了与执行机构进行连接，接口装置10具有动力输出装置11，其能使互补动力输出装置连接于执行机构，接收所述转矩和/或作用力。
这种阀1的缺陷主要是游隙，在机械磨损和烦恼的噪音方面具有不利的后果。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的上述缺陷，本发明涉及排气阀，其具有：空心管形的阀体，所述空心管形的阀体具有第一通过截面；轴，所述轴穿过空心管形的阀体并在每一侧接合在相应的轴承中，所述轴承固定于空心管形的阀体，以允许轴沿轴的第一对称轴线相对于空心管形的阀体进行转动；固定于轴的阀门，阀门定位在空心管形的阀体中，具有与第一通过截面基本上相同的第二截面；球窝接头，球窝接头使轴相对于于空心管形的阀体铰接；以及接口装置，接口装置固定于轴，以便向所述轴传递围绕第一对称轴线的任何转矩和沿第一对称轴线的至少一种作用力，接口装置具有能接收所述转矩和/或作用力的动力输出装置，动力输出装置相对于第一对称轴线具有偏移，以便形杠杆臂，能使沿第一对称轴线施加于接口装置的作用力转换成围绕与第一对称轴线垂直的第二轴线的转矩。
单独地或者组合地，具体的特征或者实施例是：
-球窝接头具有包容部件例如中空圆锥形部件、和插入式部分例如实心半球形部件，包容部件的开口面对插入式部件，包容部件和插入式部件之一固定于空心管形的阀体，包容部件和插入式部件中另一个固定于轴，包容部件和插入式部件定位成彼此接触，
-偏移所产生的转矩至少等于0.05牛顿米，
-动力输出装置具有线性轮廓，
-动力输出装置是线性杆或者线性凹口。
其次，本发明涉及具有这种排气阀的排气管路。
第三，本发明涉及具有排气管路的车辆。
附图说明
根据下面参照附图仅作为一个例子给出的说明，本发明将得到更好的理解，附图如下：
图1已经述及，其以透视图示出现有技术的阀，
图2以透视图示出根据本发明第一实施例的改进的阀，
图3以剖面正视图示出根据本发明另一个实施例的改进的阀。
具体实施方式
如图2和3所示，本发明的阀1与现有技术的阀1基本上相同。前面对现有技术所作的说明全部适用。
应当指出，球窝接头7通常定位在两个轴承5,6的外部。反之也可以。
同样，接口装置10通常定位在两个轴承5,6的外部。反之也可以。
接口装置10，例如如图所示，相对于轴承5,6定位在同球窝接头7相同的一侧。但是，相反的方式也可以，其中，接口装置10定位在与球窝接头7相对的侧。
球窝接头7的两个部件8,9最好定位成，在作用力向阀体2施加于接口装置10上时，两个部件8,9彼此靠拢。但是，也可以是相反的方式，球窝接头7的两个部件8,9定位成，在作用力施加于接口装置10上时，离开阀体2时彼此靠拢，执行机构施加离开阀体2的拉力。
现在来更具体地说明本发明的改进点。
现有技术的动力输出装置11是系统对中的，而根据本发明的一个重要特征，本发明的动力输出装置12相对于第一对称轴线A具有偏移D。这用于形成杠杆臂。该杠杆臂可将沿第一对称轴线A施加于接口装置10的作用力F，转换成围绕与第一对称轴线A垂直的第二轴线B的转矩。实际上，偏移D形成的杠杆臂使沿第一对称轴线A施加的作用力，通过球窝接头7，转换成围绕与第一对称轴线A垂直的第二轴线B且通过球窝接头7的中心的转矩。该转矩施加于轴3，在球窝接头7上围绕第二轴线B具有旋转中心。这种转动形成轴3的在最远离球窝接头7的轴承—这里是轴承6—上的支承面C。该支承面C通过沿轴线A的作用力F的保持而加以保持，确保轴3与所述最远离球窝接头7的轴承进行持久接触，并防止轴3与最远离球窝接头7的轴承6之间的任何碰撞，而且在这种情况下，防止轴3与另一个轴承5—最靠近球窝接头7的轴承这里是轴承5—之间的任何碰撞。因此，通过确保持久的接触C，本发明消除了现有技术的缺陷。
根据本发明的另一个特征，球窝接头7具有包容部件8例如中空圆锥形部件8、以及插入式部件9例如实心半球形部件9。这两个部件定位成包容部件8的开口面对插入式部件9。两个部件8,9之一固定于阀体2，而两个部件8,9中另一个固定于轴3。两个部件8,9相关地定位成在作用力F的作用下彼此接触。
根据一个实施例，圆锥形部件8使用圆锥形垫圈制成。根据一个实施例，半球形部件9使用球面垫圈制成。
根据另一个特征，固定于阀体2的部件8,9定位在轴承5,6以外。
根据另一个特征，偏移D必须足以使沿第一对称轴线A的作用力的一部分具有“转向”转矩，足以确保轴3与远的轴承6之间的接触C的保持，然而并非过大。实际上，任何不需要的柔软性的害处在于，其形成轴3在远的轴承6上过多的支承面C，这可能是在该部位的增大磨损的源头或者是增大对执行机构的来回摩擦力的原因，需要增大执行机构的功率。
为了实行保持轴3与远的轴承6之间的接触所需的功能，偏移D的尺寸确定成使得产生的转矩至少等于0.05牛顿米。
根据另一个特征，动力输出装置12的轮廓呈线性。该特征允许沿着垂直于具有偏移D的射线的方向或者沿着动力输出装置12的方向具有自由度。该自由度允许执行机构的动力输出装置12自动定位，执行机构沿动力输出装置12的方向平移地与动力输出装置12进行连接。
为了获得前述特征，动力输出装置12是实心的线性杆，或者空心的线性凹口。
相对于阀门4的定向，线性杆或者凹口可具有任何定向。
根据另一个实施例，接收围绕第二轴线的转矩的动力输出装置的轮廓呈线性，而接收沿第一对称轴线施加于接口装置的作用力的动力输出装置的轮廓呈周期性。
本发明还涉及具有这种阀1的排气管路。
本发明已经在附图和前面的说明书中予以详示和详述。后者必须视为说明性的，而不是使本发明仅仅限于该说明。可以有许多其他实施例。
标号表
1:阀,
2:阀体,
3:轴,
4:阀门,
5,6:轴承,
7:球窝接头,
8:包容部件，圆锥形,
9:插入式部件，半球形,
10:接口装置,
11:现有技术的动力输出装置,
12:本发明的动力输出装置,
A:轴的轴线,
B:与轴线A垂直的轴线,
C:接触，支承面,
D:偏移。

Claims (8)

1.排气阀(1)，其具有：空心管形的阀体(2)，所述空心管形的阀体具有第一通过截面(S)；轴(3)，所述轴穿过空心管形的阀体(2)并在每一侧接合在相应的轴承(5,6)中，所述轴承固定于空心管形的阀体(2)，以允许轴(3)沿轴(3)的第一对称轴线(A)相对于空心管形的阀体(2)进行转动；固定于轴(3)的阀门(4)，阀门定位在空心管形的阀体(2)中具有与第一通过截面(S)基本上相同的第二截面(S’)；球窝接头(7)，球窝接头使轴(3)相对于于空心管形的阀体(2)铰接；以及接口装置(10)，接口装置固定于轴(3)，以便向所述轴(3)传递围绕第一对称轴线(A)的任何转矩和沿第一对称轴线(A)的至少一种作用力，接口装置(10)具有能接收所述转矩和/或作用力的动力输出装置(12)，其特征在于，动力输出装置(12)相对于第一对称轴线(A)具有一偏移(D)，以便形杠杆臂，能使沿第一对称轴线(A)施加于接口装置(10)的作用力转换成围绕与第一对称轴线(A)垂直的第二轴线(B)的转矩。
2.根据权利要求1所述的排气阀(1)，其特征在于，球窝接头(7)具有包容部件(8)例如中空圆锥形部件(8)、和插入式部分(9)例如实心半球形部件(9)，包容部件(8)的开口面对插入式部件(9)，包容部件(8)和插入式部件(9)之一固定于空心管形的阀体(2)，包容部件(8)和插入式部件(9)中另一个固定于轴(3)，包容部件(8)和插入式部件(9)定位成彼此接触。
3.根据权利要求1或2中任一项所述的排气阀(1)，其特征在于，偏移(D)所产生的转矩至少等于0.05牛顿米。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的排气阀(1)，其特征在于，动力输出装置(12)具有线性轮廓。
5.根据权利要求4所述的排气阀(1)，其特征在于，动力输出装置(12)是线性杆。
6.根据权利要求4所述的排气阀(1)，其特征在于，动力输出装置(12) 是线性凹口。
7.排气管路，其特征在于，其具有根据权利要求1所述的排气阀(1)。
8.车辆，其特征在于，其具有根据权利要求7所述的排气管路。
CN202010553085.1A 2019-06-17 2020-06-17 防卡嗒声的排气阀 Expired - Fee Related CN112096524B (zh)

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CN107407209A (zh) * 2014-12-12 2017-11-28 天纳克有限责任公司 排气阀驱动
CN108700105A (zh) * 2016-02-18 2018-10-23 Zf腓特烈斯哈芬股份公司 球窝接头
CN107687527A (zh) * 2016-08-05 2018-02-13 天纳克汽车经营有限公司 具有外部扭力弹簧的被动排气阀

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