CN112088717A - Method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in field - Google Patents
Method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in field Download PDFInfo
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- CN112088717A CN112088717A CN202011095677.XA CN202011095677A CN112088717A CN 112088717 A CN112088717 A CN 112088717A CN 202011095677 A CN202011095677 A CN 202011095677A CN 112088717 A CN112088717 A CN 112088717A
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- cordyceps sinensis
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- sinensis
- grassland
- cultivating
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- 241001248610 Ophiocordyceps sinensis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000190633 Cordyceps Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000330896 Thitarodes armoricanus Species 0.000 claims description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000045403 Astragalus propinquus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000764065 Persicaria capitata Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000205407 Polygonum Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006533 astragalus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 241001530884 Gynura segetum Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000009685 tusanqi Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008845 Astrocaryum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241001299959 Astrocaryum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000797932 Rheum australe Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000014170 Rheum emodi Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000001745 Rheum palmatum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000008090 Rheum palmatum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 244000083724 Rhododendron simsii Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241001416980 Paecilomyces hepiali Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000019617 pupation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000330899 Hepialus Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001888 Peptone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010080698 Peptones Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 240000004980 Rheum officinale Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000008081 Rheum officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019319 peptone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000213006 Angelica dahurica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000009636 Huang Qi Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G20/00—Cultivation of turf, lawn or the like; Apparatus or methods therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation and planting, in particular to the technical field of field cultivation of cordyceps sinensis. A method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in the field is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1): carrying out grassland cultivation; 2): carrying out bat moth cultivation; 3): cultivating hirsutella sinensis conidia; 4): culturing Cordyceps. The invention provides a method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in the field, which can obviously improve the yield of cordyceps sinensis without changing the property of the cordyceps sinensis, increase substances required by forming the cordyceps sinensis in a proper time, and do not change the growth environment and climate of the cordyceps sinensis. The cultivation method has low cost, and the formed Cordyceps has no difference with naturally grown Cordyceps.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation and planting, in particular to the technical field of field cultivation of cordyceps sinensis.
Background
Under natural conditions, bat moth larvae live in alpine meadow soil and have strict requirements on environmental and climatic conditions, the larvae grow slowly due to the existence of a long-time permafrost layer and generally can grow into larvae of 5-6 years after 3-5 years, meanwhile, grassland vegetation in a producing area is easy to be invaded by the treading of cows and horses and other organisms, the normal growth of food plants of host insects in the area is not facilitated, and the food of the host larvae is insufficient. In order to simulate the wild environment of the cordyceps sinensis in the artificial large-scale feeding process, a large amount of refrigeration equipment is needed, a feeding chamber with good heat insulation performance is built, the temperature and humidity of a production area are simulated, and the like, so that a large amount of manpower and financial resources are consumed for collecting feeding substrates and larva feeds, and the limitation is large; meanwhile, the pupation rate and the pupation rate of the larvae in the artificial feeding process are low, so that artificial heat preservation and moisture preservation are implemented by using the appropriate climatic conditions of the original production area, propagation of the host insects of the cordyceps sinensis and cultivation of the cordyceps sinensis are carried out, the survival rate of the host insects and the infection grass forming rate are improved, the resource protection and sustainable development of the cordyceps sinensis are favorably realized, the cost is saved, and the income of herdsmen is improved. The growth conditions of the cordyceps sinensis are strict, and the cordyceps sinensis is a special ecological type growing in alpine regions, mainly produced in Qinghai, Tibet and Sichuan, and also produced in Yunnan, Gansu, Guizhou and the like. The cordyceps sinensis is mostly grown in mountain shrubs and mountain meadows of 3600 + 4500m mountain shade slopes and semi-shade slopes, and is suitable for fertile and loose mountain meadow soil with deep soil layer and moderate water content.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wild cultivation method of cordyceps sinensis, which can obviously improve the yield of the cordyceps sinensis without changing the property of the cordyceps sinensis. The main invention of the application lies in artificially culturing the cordyceps sinensis, adding substances required by the molding of the cordyceps sinensis in a proper time, but not changing the environment and climate for the growth of the cordyceps sinensis. The cultivation method has low cost, and the formed Cordyceps has no difference with naturally grown Cordyceps. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in the field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1): carrying out grassland cultivation;
2): carrying out bat moth cultivation;
3): cultivating hirsutella sinensis conidia;
4): culturing Cordyceps.
Further, the cultivation of the grassland comprises planting polygonum capitatum, polygonum bulbiferum, rheum officinale, astragalus membranaceus and gynura segetum in the grassland.
It is further preferred that the breeding of the hepialus armoricanus comprises breeding of male hepialus armoricanus and female hepialus armoricanus. The stocking proportion of the male hepialus and the female hepialus is 1: 3.
further, the cultivation of the cordyceps sinensis comprises the following steps: the hirsutella sinensis conidia are dissolved in water and sprayed on a grassland.
Further preferably, the hirsutella sinensis conidia are dissolved in water and sprayed on roots of polygonum capitatum, polygonum bulbiferum, rheum officinale, astragalus membranaceus and gynura segetum on a grassland.
Further, the spraying time of the hirsutella sinensis conidia on the grassland should be in the evening, and the spraying is continuously carried out for 5-9 days.
Grassland watering or plant root watering on grasslands is performed within 1-2 hours after spraying of the conidia to help the conidia enter the soil.
Further, the culture of the hirsutella sinensis conidia comprises culturing mature cordyceps sinensis and collecting conidia.
Further, male and female Hepialus armoricanus are mixed and bred in a grassland in 6-7 months of each year, and a solution containing hirsutella sinensis conidia is sprayed on the grassland.
The cultivation method of the hepialus armoricanus is as follows: collecting wild hepialus armoricanus adults, mating the wild hepialus armoricanus adults to lay fertilized eggs, preparing a mixed matrix, putting feed and fertilized eggs into the mixed matrix, incubating to obtain larvae, culturing in the mixed matrix until 80-100% of the larvae grow to 4 th, transferring the obtained larvae of 4 th instar into a transparent container with the feed and the mixed matrix for culturing until 80-100% of the larvae grow to more than 6 th instar, and transferring the obtained larvae of more than 6 th instar into the transparent container with the mixed matrix and the feed for culturing until the larvae are pupated. Wherein the matrix is humus soil, and is exposed to sunlight for sterilization before use.
When the larvae grow to be more than 6 years old, the larvae are transferred to a new container for putting mixed matrix and feed to pupate, the temperature of the matrix of the container simulates the ground temperature of the natural environment, the low-temperature cultivation is carried out on the pre-pupation process of the old larvae, the growth speed is reduced, the temperature change range is controlled to be 3-15 ℃, the cultivation temperature is gradually reduced and then increased according to months, and the temperature change range is 6-9 ℃ month by month.
Furthermore, the larvae with the proper age can be cultivated completely to form moths and then fly, and a proper amount of larvae can also be put in a grassland. Conidium solution can be sprayed every other day after the larvae with proper age are put in a Chinese angelica grassland.
Furthermore, in order to fully send the conidium solution to the ground to avoid waste, a drip irrigation system can be buried in a grassland, and the distance between the water dropper of the drip irrigation system and the ground is 10cm-20 cm. We delivered the conidia solution to the roots of plants or 10-20cm from the bottom of the grass surface using a drip irrigation system.
In the scheme, hirsutella sinensis colonies are inoculated on a culture medium, hypha culture is carried out for 35-55 days under the conditions of 14-20 ℃ and 65-90% relative humidity, and then conidia are induced for 20-40 days under the conditions of 10-15 ℃ and 65-90% relative humidity, so that mature conidia of hirsutella sinensis are obtained, wherein the culture medium consists of 60-65mL/100mL of bran liquor with the mass percentage of 1-5%, 0.5-1.5g/100mL of peptone, 0.5-1.5g/100mL of yeast powder, 2-4g/100mL of glucose, 30-40g/100mL of rice and 25-35mL/100mL of uniformly stirred egg liquid, and the balance of water is supplemented.
Further, the conidium stage is induced, the temperature is reduced, the conidium is stimulated to produce at a low temperature, the temperature for inducing the conidium is preferably 12-14 ℃, and the relative humidity for inducing the conidium is preferably 80-85%.
Further, the hirsutella sinensis can be isolated from wild Cordyceps sinensis.
Furthermore, conidium culture can be performed based on the stroma of the wild Cordyceps sinensis.
Furthermore, we can also use Paecilomyces hepiali to culture conidia of Paecilomyces hepiali.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention improves the probability of infecting cordyceps sinensis by the larvae through improving the number of conidia of hirsutella sinensis and the number of hepialus armoricanus larvae in a unit area, and improves the survival rate and the health degree of the hepialus armoricanus larvae through increasing the feed of the hepialus armoricanus larvae to improve the yield of cordyceps sinensis. The technical scheme adopted by the invention does not damage the natural environment, can realize the artificial auxiliary culture of the wild cordyceps sinensis, improves the yield of the cordyceps sinensis in unit area, and reduces the artificial mining cost.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the specific embodiments.
Example 1:
a method for culturing Cordyceps in field comprises planting herba Polygoni Capitati, herba Polygoni Avicularis, radix et rhizoma Rhei, radix astragali, and herba Dendrobii in grassland.
And (5) breeding male hepialus armoricanus and female hepialus armoricanus. And stocking the hepialus armoricanus according to a certain proportion, wherein the stocking proportion of the hepialus armoricanus and the hepialus armoricanus is 1: 3.
the method comprises culturing conidium based on stroma of wild Cordyceps sinensis or hirsutella sinensis, making the cultured conidium into solution, and delivering into grassland surface 10-20cm under the skin by drip irrigation.
The cultivation method of the hepialus armoricanus as follows: collecting wild hepialus armoricanus adults, mating the wild hepialus armoricanus adults to lay fertilized eggs, preparing a mixed matrix, putting feed and fertilized eggs into the mixed matrix, incubating to obtain larvae, culturing in the mixed matrix until 80-100% of the larvae grow to 4 th, transferring the obtained larvae of 4 th instar into a transparent container with the feed and the mixed matrix for culturing until 80-100% of the larvae grow to more than 6 th instar, and transferring the obtained larvae of more than 6 th instar into the transparent container with the mixed matrix and the feed for culturing until the larvae are pupated. Wherein the matrix is humus soil, and is exposed to sunlight for sterilization before use.
When the larvae grow to be more than 6 years old, the larvae are transferred to a new container for putting mixed matrix and feed to pupate, the temperature of the matrix of the container simulates the ground temperature of the natural environment, the low-temperature cultivation is carried out on the pre-pupation process of the old larvae, the growth speed is reduced, the temperature change range is controlled to be 3-15 ℃, the cultivation temperature is gradually reduced and then increased according to months, and the temperature change range is 6-9 ℃ month by month.
The culture protocol for conidia described above is as follows: the method comprises the steps of inoculating hirsutella sinensis colonies on a culture medium, performing hypha culture for 35-55 days under the conditions of 14-20 ℃ and 65-90% relative humidity, and then transferring to the conditions of 10-15 ℃ and 65-90% relative humidity to induce conidiospores for 20-40 days to obtain mature hirsutella sinensis conidia, wherein the culture medium consists of 60-65mL/100mL of bran liquor with the mass percentage of 1-5%, 0.5-1.5g/100mL of peptone, 0.5-1.5g/100mL of yeast powder, 2-4g/100mL of glucose, 30-40g/100mL of rice and 25-35mL/100mL of uniformly stirred egg liquid, and the balance of water is supplemented. In the stage of conidium induction, the temperature is reduced, the conidium is stimulated to produce at low temperature, the temperature of the conidium is preferably 12-14 ℃, and the relative humidity of the conidium is preferably 80-85%.
Example 2
In another technical scheme of the invention, the paecilomyces hepiali can be used for culturing conidia of the paecilomyces hepiali. The cultivation and flying of the bat moth can be directly replaced by cultivating the bat moth larvae and putting the bat moth larvae into a grass yard.
Claims (7)
1. A method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in the field is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1): carrying out grassland cultivation;
2): carrying out bat moth cultivation;
3): cultivating hirsutella sinensis conidia;
4): culturing Cordyceps.
2. The method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in the field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cultivation of the grassland comprises planting Polygonum capitatum, Polygonum bulbiferum, Rheum emodi, Astragalus membranaceus and Rhododendron simsii Roxb in the grassland.
3. The method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in the field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cultivation of the hepialus armoricanus comprises the cultivation of male hepialus armoricanus and female hepialus armoricanus.
4. The method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in the field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cultivation of the cordyceps sinensis comprises the following steps: the hirsutella sinensis conidia are dissolved in water and sprayed on a grassland.
5. The method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in the field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the hirsutella sinensis conidia are dissolved in water and sprayed on roots of polygonum capitatum, polygonum bulborum, rheum palmatum, astragalus membranaceus and gynura segetum on a grassland.
6. The method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in the field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the culture of the Astrocaryum fungi comprises culturing mature Cordyceps, and collecting conidia.
7. The method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in the field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the male and female Hepialus armoricanus are mixed and bred in a grassland in 6-7 months every year, and hirsutella sinensis conidia are sprayed on the grassland.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011095677.XA CN112088717A (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in field |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011095677.XA CN112088717A (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in field |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112088717A true CN112088717A (en) | 2020-12-18 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011095677.XA Pending CN112088717A (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2020-10-14 | Method for cultivating cordyceps sinensis in field |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN112088717A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230345920A1 (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2023-11-02 | Yangjiang Polytechnic | Insect-rice symbiotic comprehensive planting and breeding method mainly based on tylorrhynchus proliferation |
| CN117063780A (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2023-11-17 | 四川朕源生物科技有限公司 | Cordyceps sinensis ascospore harvesting culture medium and harvesting method thereof |
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| CN1948457A (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2007-04-18 | 中山大学 | Method of increasing wild cordyceps yield |
| CN1948456A (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2007-04-18 | 中山大学 | Method for increasing yield of Qinghai Tibet plateau cordyceps |
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| CN105660172A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-06-15 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | Method for sustainable high yielding of wild cordyceps sinensis in alpine regions |
| CN110036984A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-07-23 | 安发（福建）生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method of low-coat scale raising bat moth |
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2020
- 2020-10-14 CN CN202011095677.XA patent/CN112088717A/en active Pending
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20230345920A1 (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2023-11-02 | Yangjiang Polytechnic | Insect-rice symbiotic comprehensive planting and breeding method mainly based on tylorrhynchus proliferation |
| CN117063780A (en) * | 2023-10-17 | 2023-11-17 | 四川朕源生物科技有限公司 | Cordyceps sinensis ascospore harvesting culture medium and harvesting method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201218 |