CN112088600A - An unmanned planting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a planting method for unmanned fixed sowing in the technical field of sowing, comprising the following steps: (1) putting a sufficient amount of seeds into a seeding box; (2) once the traveling device drives into the field, rotary tillage The machine works first, and performs rotary tillage operations on the fields; (3) While suppressing the fields, open the seed trenches; (4) Several electric seed meters on the lower side of the seeding box automatically meter the seeds, and the seeds are discharged into the opened seed trenches; ( 5) Several electric fertilizer applicators on the lower side of the fertilization box automatically discharge fertilizer, and the fertilizer is discharged into the field; (6) After fertilization, the sealing medicine is applied; (7) The field is smelled 18-22 hours after the sealing medicine is applied; (8) ) in the seedling stage, use a weeding machine to carry out mechanical weeding; (9) fertilize during the growth of seedlings; (10) harvest in time when grains turn yellow, stems, leaves, and ears turn yellow to ensure a bumper harvest; step (2)-step (6) ) synchronously; using the invention for planting, the cost is low and the environment is more environmentally friendly.

Description

An unmanned planting method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a planting method for unmanned fixed sowing.

Background technique

Crops such as rice, wheat and corn play an important role in my country's food production, but most areas in my country still rely on traditional cultivation methods, which are labor-intensive and low-efficiency. In the prior art, when planting paddy rice, first smell the water, and then use a rice transplanter for transplanting. Timely fertilize during the growth period, and harvest when the seeds turn yellow and the stems, leaves, and ears turn yellow. In this design, the seedlings need to be raised first, and the raised seedlings are inserted into the fields, which is costly. Spraying medicine to weed is not environmentally friendly.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is, in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, provide a kind of unmanned planting method for fixed sowing, solve the technical problems of high planting cost and unenvironmental protection in the prior art, using the present invention for planting, the cost is low, Reduce drug use and be more environmentally friendly.

The purpose of this invention is to realize in this way: a kind of unmanned planting method of fixed sowing, comprises the following steps:

(1) Put enough seeds into the sowing box;

(2) The traveling device drives into the field, and the rotary tiller operates first, and performs rotary tillage on the field;

(3) While suppressing the fields, open the seed ditches;

(4) Several electric seed meters on the lower side of the seeding box automatically discharge the seeds, and the seeds are discharged into the opened seed trenches;

(5) Several electric fertilizer applicators on the lower side of the fertilization box automatically discharge fertilizer, and the fertilizer is discharged into the field;

(6) Apply blocking medicine after fertilization;

(7) 18-22 hours after the sealing medicine is finished, smell the field water;

(8) Use a weeding machine for mechanical weeding at the seedling stage;

(9) Fertilize during the growth of seedlings;

(10) When the grains turn yellow, and the stems, leaves, and ears turn yellow, harvest them in time to ensure a bumper harvest;

Step (2) - step (6) are performed simultaneously.

In order to further improve the weeding effect, between the steps (8) and (9), the following steps are also included, 10-15 days after the initial mechanical weeding, use a weeding machine to perform mechanical weeding.

In the present invention, in step (9), fertilization is applied according to the growth of the seedlings, which is the prior art, and will not be described here; when using the present invention to plant rice, first sow and fertilize, and directly grow seedlings in the field, thereby reducing costs and reducing costs. Mechanical weeding at the seedling stage reduces chemical weeding and is more environmentally friendly; it can be applied to the work of planting rice and can also be used to plant wheat.

In order to further improve the operation effect, the weeding machine is connected to the back of the second traveling device. The first traveling device and the second traveling device both use the Beidou navigation system. The Beidou navigation system records the working path during rotary tillage and sowing. When mechanical weeding, the rotary tiller and sowing are called The working path during weeding is the same as the working path during rotary tillage.

In order to further realize mechanical weeding, the weeding machine includes a weeding frame, a number of vertical frames are arranged at the front of the weeding frame, a movable frame is hinged on the lower part of the vertical frame, and the lower part of the movable frame is rotatably connected with a A connecting shaft, a number of weeding boards are arranged on the outer circumference of the connecting shaft, the upper end of the movable frame is connected with a reset tension spring, the upper end of the reset tension spring is connected to the weeding frame, and the weeding frame behind the vertical frame is connected to the left and right direction. There is a connecting rod that can swing back and forth corresponding to the position of the stand. The connecting rod is connected with a weeding shovel for limiting a depth of the weeding board. At least one group of weeding shovels is arranged on the lower side of the weeding shovel. Component 1, the weeding component 1 includes a number of weeding teeth arranged in the same row, and at least one group of weeding components 2 is arranged on the lower side of the weeding shovel, and the weeding component 2 includes the same row. The first and second weeding teeth are staggered in the left-right direction; in this design, when weeding, the second walking device drives each stand to travel between the corresponding rows.

In order to further realize the reset when the connecting rod swings back and forth, the weeding frame is connected with a plurality of upper tension springs corresponding to the connecting rod one-to-one, and one end of the upper tension spring extending backward is connected with the upper part of the connecting rod.

In order to further realize the reciprocating swing of the connecting rod in the front-rear direction, a drive shaft is rotatably connected to the weeding frame under the upper tension spring, and a plurality of eccentric wheels are connected to the drive shaft, and the connecting rod faces the front end of the weeding frame. The upper part is in contact with the rearward outer edge of the eccentric, and the weeding frame is hinged with the connecting rod below the eccentric.

In order to further realize the rotation of the transmission shaft, a transmission case is fixedly connected to the weeding frame, and the transmission shaft is connected to the transmission case.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective structure diagram 1 of the compound working machine in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a second perspective structure diagram of the compound working machine in the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the weeding machine of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial enlarged view of A in FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5 is a three-dimensional structure diagram 1 of the weeding machine in the present invention.

Figure 6 is a side view of the weeder in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a second perspective structure diagram of the weeding machine in the present invention.

Fig. 8 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the weeding machine in the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a partial enlarged view of B in FIG. 6 .

Among them, 1 fertilization box, 2 kinds of boxes, 3 trenching rings, 4 rotary tillage devices, 5 pressing rollers, 6 soil-covering knife shafts, 7 soil-covering components, 701 soil-covering knife blocks, 8 racks, 9 sliding grooves, 10 weeding boards 1 , 11 weeding board two, 12 movable frame, 13 weeding frame, 14 connecting shaft, 15 transmission shaft, 16 tooth slot two, 17 tooth slot one, 18 weeding shovel, 1801 grass pressing part, 1802 inclined part, 1803 connecting part, 1804 horizontal part, 19 adjustment rod, 20 hinged seat, 21 vertical frame, 22 input shaft, 23 mounting seat, 24 transmission box, 25 eccentric wheel, 26 upper tension spring, 27 connecting rod, 28 lower spring, 29 weeding assembly two , 2901 weeding teeth two, 30 weeding components one, 3001 weeding teeth one, 3001a weeding department one, 3001b weeding department two, 31 lower connecting ears, 32 adjustment holes, 33 upper connecting ears, 34 reset tension spring.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A planting method for unmanned fixed sowing, comprising the following steps:

(1) Put a sufficient amount of seeds into the sowing box 2;

(2) The traveling device drives into the field, and the rotary tiller operates first, and performs rotary tillage on the field;

(3) While suppressing the fields, open the seed ditches;

(4) Several electric seed meters on the lower side of the seeding box 2 automatically discharge the seeds, and the seeds are discharged into the opened seed trenches;

(5) Several electric fertilizer applicators on the lower side of the fertilization box 1 automatically discharge fertilizer, and the fertilizer is discharged into the field;

(6) Apply blocking medicine after fertilization;

(7) 18-22 hours after the sealing medicine is finished, smell the field water;

(8) Use a weeding machine for mechanical weeding at the seedling stage;

(9) Fertilize during the growth of seedlings;

(10) When the grains turn yellow, and the stems, leaves, and ears turn yellow, harvest them in time to ensure a bumper harvest;

Step (2) - step (6) are performed simultaneously.

In order to further improve the weeding effect, between step (8) and step (9), the following steps are also included, 10-15 days after the initial mechanical weeding, use a weeding machine to carry out mechanical weeding; A number of vertical frames 21 are arranged in the front part of the vertical frame 21, the lower part of the vertical frame 21 is hinged with a movable frame 12, the lower part of the movable frame 12 is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft 14, and a number of weeding boards 10 and 14 are arranged on the outer circumference of the connecting shaft 14. The second weeding board 11, the connecting shaft 14 between the two adjacent weeding boards 10 is provided with a second weeding board 11, the outer end of the first weeding board 10 is arranged with a number of tooth slots 17, and the second weeding board 11 faces The outer end is arranged with a number of tooth slots 16, the tooth slot 1 17 and the tooth slot 2 16 are staggered in the left and right direction, the upward end of the movable frame 12 is connected with a reset tension spring 34, and the upper end of the reset tension spring 34 is connected to the On the weeding frame 13 , the rearward end of the upper part of the movable frame 12 can abut on the forward side of the vertical frame 21 , and the weeding frame 13 behind the vertical frame 21 is connected with a movable frame 13 corresponding to the position of the vertical frame 21 one-to-one in the left-right direction. The connecting rod 27 swings back and forth. The connecting rod 27 is provided with a sliding groove 9. A number of hinged seats 20 are arranged on the weeding frame 13. The hinged seats 20 are connected with the connecting rod 27 through a pin shaft. The shaft rotates, and the pin shaft passes through the sliding groove 9. In the height direction, the connecting rod 27 moves up and down relative to the hinge seat 20 under the action of the sliding groove 9. The connecting rod 27 is connected with a weeding shovel 18, and the weeding shovel 18 faces forward. One end of the weeding shovel 18 is raised upwards, and the rearward end of the weeding shovel 18 is raised upwards; the weeding shovel 18 includes a horizontal part 1804, the rear side of the horizontal part 1804 is connected with an upwardly raised connecting part 1803, and the front side of the horizontal part 1804 is connected There is a grass pressing part 1801 which is bent upwardly and protrudes outwardly on the downward side. The forward side of the grass pressing part 1801 is connected with an upwardly inclined inclined part 1802. The lower side of the weeding shovel 18 is arranged with at least one set of The first weeding assembly 30, in this embodiment, the first weeding assembly 30 is provided with two groups, the first weeding assembly 30 includes a number of weeding teeth 13001 arranged in the same row, the connecting rod 27 is connected with an adjusting rod 19, and the adjusting rod A number of adjustment holes 32 are arranged in the height direction of the 19, and the connecting rod 27 is provided with a connecting hole that can be concentric with the adjustment hole 32; A pull-down spring 28 is connected to the top, and one end of the pull-down spring 28 is connected to the upward end of the weeding shovel 18 , the end of which is inclined backward and downward. The weeding shovel 18 can be rotated relative to the connecting rod 27 . The shovel 18 is hinged, and at least one group of weeding assemblies 29 is arranged on the lower side of the weeding shovel 18 . The second 2901 is staggered in the left and right direction. In this embodiment, the second weeding assembly 29 is provided with one group, and the first weeding assembly 30 is provided with two groups. In the front-rear direction, the second weeding assembly 29 is arranged in the two groups of weeding components. Between components one 30; in order to further realize the connecting rod 27 in Reciprocating movement in the front and rear direction, the rear end of the stand 21 is connected with the upper connecting ear 33, the upper connecting ear 33 is connected with the upper tension spring 26, and the rearward end of the upper tension spring 26 is connected with the upper part of the connecting rod 27 , the upper tension spring 26 is above the eccentric wheel 25, the weeding frame 13 below the upper tension spring 26 is rotatably connected with a transmission shaft 15, and the transmission shaft 15 is connected with a number of eccentric wheels 25 corresponding to the connecting rods 27 one-to-one, The upper part of the front end of the connecting rod 27 is in contact with the rearward outer edge of the eccentric wheel 25, and the weeding frame 13 is hinged with the connecting rod 27 below the eccentric wheel 25; The transmission shaft 15 is connected to the transmission case 24 ; the weeding frame 13 is connected with a plurality of mounting seats 23 , and the transmission shaft 15 is rotatably connected to the mounting seats 23 .

In the present invention, the weeder is connected behind the second traveling device, and the first traveling device and the second traveling device both use the Beidou navigation system. The Beidou navigation system records the working path during rotary tillage and sowing. The working path during weeding is the same as the working path during rotary tillage and sowing. When mechanical weeding is performed, the driver first drives the traveling device to a suitable initial position, so that each stand 21 is in the corresponding row; The forward direction is the front, and the opposite direction to the forward direction is the rear; the composite work machine for realizing rotary tillage, ditching, sowing, fertilizing and covering soil is shown in Figures 1 and 2. The work machine includes a rotary tillage device 4, which is the current There is a technology, which will not be repeated here. A compound operation device is connected to the rear of the rotary tillage device 4. The compound operation device includes a frame 8, and a pressing roller 5 is rotatably connected to the front of the frame 8. The pressing roller 5 is arranged with Several ditching rings 3, the frame 8 behind the pressing roller 5 is connected with the seeding box 2 and the fertilizing box 1 (the electric seed metering device and the electric fertilizing device are not drawn, this is the prior art), The frame 8 is rotatably connected with a soil-covering knife shaft 6, and several soil-covering assemblies 7 are arranged in the axial direction of the soil-covering knife shaft 6. The soil-covering assembly 7 includes a number of soil-covering knife seats 701 arranged on the outer circumference of the soil-covering knife shaft 6, A soil-covering knife is installed on the soil-covering knife seat 701, a number of seeding openings are arranged on the seeding box 2, and a set of soil-covering components 7 are arranged between two adjacent seeding openings; 4. Rotary tillage is carried out, and while the pressing roller 5 is pressing and leveling, the ditching ring 3 is used to open the seed ditch. The position of the seed drop corresponds to the position of the ditching ring 3 one by one, and the seeds are discharged into the seed ditch. The position of the seed metering device is staggered in the length direction, the electric fertilizer applicator discharges the fertilizer to the field next to the seed ditch, the soil-covering knife shaft 6 rotates, and the soil-covering knife throws the soil into the seed ditch to realize the soil covering; in the weeder, the connecting rod 27 The speed of the back-and-forth swing is the speed of the traveling device. In the natural state, the rearward end of the upper part of the movable frame 12 is attached to the forward side of the vertical frame 21. The horizontal part 1804 of the weeding blade 18 is in a horizontal state, and the connecting rod 27 is in a vertical state, and each tension spring is in a stretched state; the number of connecting rods 27 is set according to the actual situation, and each weeding shovel 18 is in the corresponding row, the first weeding tooth 3001 and the second weeding tooth 2901. The structure is the same or similar, and the angle of the weeding part 1 3001a and the weeding part can be set according to actual needs. The rear side of the weeding part 1 3001a is connected with the weeding part 2 3001b which extends backward and inclined upward, and the upper side of the weeding part 2 3001b is fixed on the lower side of the weeding shovel 18; according to actual needs, adjust the adjustment rod 19 and Adjust the depth that the rod 19 is inserted into the connecting rod 27 and the connecting rod 27 respectively, the weeding shovel 18 provides support for the movable frame 12 and limits the depth of the weeding board 10 to loosen the soil; the forward end of the transmission box 24 is connected with an input The shaft 22, the traveling device provides power to the input shaft 22, and the transmission shaft 15 is The power output part of the transmission box 24, the transmission box 24 is the prior art; when working, the weeding board 1 10 rotates forward with the traveling device, the weeding board 1 10 and the weeding board 2 11 first loosen the soil on the working field, and the tooth slot The first 17 and the second slot 16 are staggered to avoid leakage and loosening of soil. At the same time, the setting of the first slot 17 or the second slot 16 can realize the loosening of soil in blocks and reduce the resistance of soil loosening. Next, the inclined part 1802 first presses the grass The grass pressing part 1801 further presses the grass into the weeding tooth 1 3001, the transmission box 24 moves, the transmission shaft 15 rotates, the transmission shaft 15 drives the rotation of the eccentric wheel 25, and the eccentric wheel 25 drives the reciprocating swing of the connecting rod 27. , the connecting rod 27 drives the weeding shovel 18 to swing back and forth, and the weeding tooth 1 3001 and the weeding tooth 2 2901 continuously swing back and forth to remove the grass. The weeding part 2 3001b moves backwards while holding the grass, the weeding part 2 3001b presses the grass and further separates the grass from the soil to achieve weeding, and the weeding effect is good, the weeding tooth 2901 is pulling Weeding is carried out on the basis of grass tooth 1 3001 to avoid missed weeding and further improve the weeding effect; when encountering large resistance such as climbing, the weeding board 1 10 and the weeding board 2 11 sense the terrain change and drive the movable frame 12 backward Swing, the weeding shovel 18 senses the change of the terrain and pushes the adjusting rod 19 to move upward, and the connecting rod 27 moves upward through the sliding groove 9. When there is no resistance or the resistance is small, the movable frame 12 is reset under the action of the reset tension spring 34, and the weeding shovel is reset. 18 is reset under the action of gravity, and the position of the weeding board 10 and the weeding shovel 18 will be adaptively changed according to the change of the terrain, which further improves the weeding effect and improves the service life of each component; during the weeding process, when an obstacle is encountered, the inclined part 1802 first comes into contact with the obstacle, the obstacle is against the inclined part 1802, the weeding shovel 18 is rotated backward and upward, so that the weeding tooth leaves the ground, and when the obstacle is bypassed, the weeding shovel 18 is reset under the action of the lower spring 28, Avoid the direct collision between the weeding shovel 18 and the obstacle, protect the weeding teeth, and improve its service life; this weeding machine has an ingenious structure, the combination of the weeding part 1 3001a and the weeding part 2 3001b and its reciprocating motion, continuously remove the grass. Press down and then separate the grass from the soil, the weeding effect is good, and weeding between rows is realized; in the present invention, in step (9), fertilization is applied according to the growth of the seedlings, which is the prior art, and will not be described here; use the present invention to plant When rice is used, first sow and fertilize, and directly grow seedlings in the field to reduce costs. In the seedling stage, mechanical weeding is performed twice, the weeding between rows is thorough, and subsequent weeding is basically unnecessary. Chemical weeding is reduced, and it is more environmentally friendly; it can be applied to planting Rice works and can also be used to grow wheat.

The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, the first weeding assembly 30 can also be provided with one group, three groups, four groups, etc. The number of the first weeding assembly 30 and the second weeding assembly 29 is set according to actual needs, and the vertical frame 21 The installation position of the frame 21 is set according to the actual operation position, the attached drawing is only a schematic diagram, and the installation position of the stand 21 and the connecting rod 27 will be set according to the actual situation in actual implementation; According to the disclosed technical content, those skilled in the art can make some substitutions and deformations for some of the technical features without creative work, and these substitutions and deformations are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. an unmanned planting method for fixed sowing, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1) Put enough seeds into the sowing box; (2) As soon as the traveling device drives into the field, the rotary tiller operates first, and performs rotary tillage on the field; (3) While suppressing the fields, open the seed ditches; (4) Several electric seed meters on the lower side of the seeding box automatically discharge the seeds, and the seeds are discharged into the opened seed trenches; (5) Several electric fertilizer applicators on the lower side of the fertilization box automatically discharge fertilizer, and the fertilizer is discharged into the field; (6) Apply blocking medicine after fertilization; (7) 18-22 hours after the sealing medicine is finished, smell the field water; (8) Use a weeding machine for mechanical weeding at the seedling stage; (9) Fertilize during the growth of seedlings; (10) When the grains turn yellow, and the stems, leaves, and ears turn yellow, harvest them in time to ensure a bumper harvest; Step (2) - step (6) are performed simultaneously. 2 . The planting method for unmanned sowing according to claim 1 , wherein, between the step (8) and the step (9), the following steps are further included: 10-10- 15 days, mechanical weeding using a weeder. 3. the planting method of a kind of unmanned fixed sowing according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described weeding machine is connected in the rear of traveling device two, traveling device one and traveling device two both use Beidou navigation system, and Beidou navigation system The system records the working path during rotary tillage and sowing. When mechanical weeding is performed, the working path during rotary tillage and sowing is called, so that the working path during weeding is the same as the working path during rotary tillage and sowing. 4 . The unmanned planting method according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the weeding machine comprises a weeding frame, and the front of the weeding frame is arranged with several vertical frames. 5 . The lower part of the vertical frame is hinged with a movable frame, the lower part of the movable frame is rotatably connected with a connecting shaft, the outer circumference of the connecting shaft is arranged with a number of weeding boards, and the upward end of the movable frame is connected with a reset tension spring, The upper end of the reset tension spring is connected to the weeding frame, and the weeding frame behind the vertical frame is connected with a connecting rod that can swing back and forth in one-to-one correspondence with the position of the vertical frame in the left and right directions. A deep weeding shovel, at least one group of weeding assemblies 1 is arranged on the lower side of the weeding shovel, and the first weeding assembly includes a number of weeding teeth 1 arranged in the same row. At least one group of weeding components 2 is also arranged on the side, and the second weeding component includes several weeding teeth 2 arranged in the same row, and the first weeding teeth and the second weeding teeth are staggered in the left-right direction. 5 . The multifunctional operation device according to claim 4 , wherein a plurality of upper tension springs corresponding to the connecting rods are connected to the weeding frame, and one end of the upper tension spring extends backward. 6 . Connect with the upper part of the connecting rod. 6 . The multifunctional operation device according to claim 5 , wherein a transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the weeding frame under the upper tension spring, and a plurality of eccentric wheels are connected to the transmission shaft, so that the The upper part of the forward end of the connecting rod is in contact with the rearward outer edge of the eccentric wheel, and the weeding frame is hinged with the connecting rod below the eccentric wheel. 7 . The multifunctional working device according to claim 6 , wherein a transmission box is fixedly connected to the weeding frame, and the transmission shaft is connected to the transmission box. 8 .

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