CN112075272A - Green pest and disease damage prevention and control method for standardized planting of amomum tsao-ko - Google Patents
Green pest and disease damage prevention and control method for standardized planting of amomum tsao-ko Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/20—Fabaceae or Leguminosae [Pea or Legume family], e.g. pea, lentil, soybean, clover, acacia, honey locust, derris or millettia
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a green pest and disease damage prevention and control method for standardized planting of amomum tsao-ko, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: weighing 20.5-22.3 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 8.9-11.6 parts of lightyellow sophora root, 10.2-12.3 parts of clove, 22.7-24.2 parts of gynura divaricata, 8.5-10.5 parts of Chinese wampee leaf, 4.7-5.9 parts of artemisia scoparia, 2.8-3.5 parts of delavay stephania root and 8.5-9.7 parts of purslane for later use; step two: weighing the Chinese pulsatilla root, the lightyellow sophora root, the clove, the folium programming dorsalis, the Chinese wampee leaf, the artemisia pigweed, the stephania root and the purslane in parts by weight respectively, carrying out low-temperature superfine grinding on the weighed raw material components, and then sieving the ground raw material components with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed powder is 1: 3-5 adding an extraction solvent into the mixed powder, stirring uniformly, performing microwave filtration, combining the two extracting solutions to obtain a total extracting solution, and blending the density of the total extracting solution to 1.0-1.3g/L to obtain the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostatic agent. The invention has the advantages of convenient operation, simple process, lower cost, less infection, and easy achievement of fast growth, stable yield and high yield.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of planting, and particularly relates to a green pest and disease damage prevention and control method for standardized planting of amomum tsao-ko.
Background
The fructus Tsaoko is a perennial herb of plants of Amomum of Zingiberaceae, and the essential oil extracted from fructus Tsaoko is used in medicine and perfume industry; the wild amomum tsao-ko is one of the favorite seasoning good products and the traditional Chinese medicines of people, and the wild amomum tsao-ko grows in subtropical rainy forest zones and is mainly distributed in local areas of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou provinces of China and partial areas of northern Vietnam and Laos. The tsaoko is one of the commodities for both food and medicine, and the demand of the tsaoko is more and more along with the improvement of the living standard and the health demand of people; meanwhile, the tsaoko is one of the main under-forest economic crops which are vigorously developed, and the problem of planting the tsaoko is firstly solved when the artificial cultivation of the tsaoko is carried out. However, the defects that the planting of the tsaoko amomum fruits is generally damaged by diseases and insect pests, the survival rate is low and the tsaoko amomum fruits are easy to be infected are developed by people at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a green pest and disease damage prevention and control method for standardized planting of tsaoko amomum fruits, which aims to solve the problems that the prior art provides the defects that the tsaoko amomum fruits are generally damaged by pests and diseases, the survival rate is low and the tsaoko amomum fruits are easy to be infected by diseases and diseases.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a green pest and disease damage prevention and control method for standardized planting of tsaoko amomum fruits comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing 20.5-22.3 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 8.9-11.6 parts of lightyellow sophora root, 10.2-12.3 parts of clove, 22.7-24.2 parts of gynura divaricata, 8.5-10.5 parts of Chinese wampee leaf, 4.7-5.9 parts of artemisia scoparia, 2.8-3.5 parts of delavay stephania root and 8.5-9.7 parts of purslane for later use;
step two: weighing the Chinese pulsatilla root, the lightyellow sophora root, the clove, the folium programming dorsalis, the Chinese wampee leaf, the artemisia pigweed, the stephania root and the purslane in parts by weight respectively, carrying out low-temperature superfine grinding on the weighed raw material components, and then sieving the ground raw material components with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed powder is 1: 3-5, adding an extraction solvent into the mixed powder, stirring uniformly, performing microwave filtration, combining the two extracting solutions to obtain a total extracting solution, and blending the density of the total extracting solution to 1.0-1.3g/L to obtain the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostatic agent;
step three: peeling off peel before sowing and leaving seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water at 55 ℃ for 30 minutes, taking out, draining, soaking in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 10-15 minutes, and placing in a cool and dark place to protect the seeds from light for 15-20 days;
step four: selecting evergreen broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest or mixed forest land, digging low ridges with the width of 20cm and the height of 5-10cm at intervals of 50cm, digging planting pits at intervals of 50cm on the low ridges, placing seeds in the planting pits, covering soil and watering;
step five: generally, topdressing is carried out for the first time when the height of seedlings is 5-8 cm, 20-30 g of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant, one insect-attracting plate is arranged on a bracket every 15-20m2 in a field, and yellow insect-attracting plates and green insect-attracting plates are alternately arranged;
step six: when the seedlings are 15-25 cm high, the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostat prepared in the step two is sprayed in the field every 15 days, and when the fruits are picked, the spraying in the field every 15 days is reduced to the spraying in the field every 30 days;
step seven: the water is fully stirred by 10-12 kg of vegetation water, 10-12 kg of flour and 50-60 kg of added water one week before the fruits are ripe, and then the mixture is uniformly sprayed on the back of the blade, so that the erosion of pests such as mites and whiteflies to the fruits can be prevented.
Furthermore, in the fifth step, the trap plate is 20-30cm higher than the plant, so that insects such as aphids and whiteflies can be trapped and killed, and the trap plate is replaced in time after being stuck with the yellow plate.
Further, in the fourth step, 15-20g of organic fertilizer is added when the seeds are placed in the planting pits, wherein the organic fertilizer is decomposed dry cow dung and corn bran according to the ratio of 1: 2.
Further, the length, width and height of the planting pits in the fourth step are respectively 20 × 10 × 20.
Further, microwave extraction is adopted in the second step for 20-30min, then filtration is carried out, and the extraction is repeated twice.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostat prepared by the formula is an environment-friendly bactericide, plays a role in sterilization and disinfection, does not pollute the environment in the spraying process, enables the planted tsaoko fruit to be pollution-free, gradually pursues green food and organic food, and has the core of quality safety, wherein 10-12 kg of vegetation water, 10-12 kg of flour and 50-60 kg of added water are fully stirred and uniformly sprayed on the back of a blade one week before the fruit is mature, so that the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostat can prevent mites, whiteflies and other pests from corroding the fruit and improve the quality of the fruit.
2. The yellow insect attracting plates and the green insect attracting plates are alternately installed to kill pests, reduce pesticide spraying, control pesticide residues in the tsaoko fruits and be the key of comprehensive control of disease and pests of the tsaoko fruits, the seeds are soaked in warm water at 55 ℃ for 30 minutes, taken out and drained and then soaked in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 10-15 minutes, the dormant state of the seeds is broken, rapid rooting is facilitated, the survival rate is improved, topdressing is carried out after planting, nutrition is supplemented timely, and the seedlings are disease-resistant and lodging-resistant in the growth process.
3. The green pest and disease damage prevention and control method for standardized planting of the tsaoko amomum fruits is convenient to operate, simple in process, low in cost, less in infection and easy to achieve fast growth, stable yield and high yield.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A green pest and disease damage prevention and control method for standardized planting of tsaoko amomum fruits comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing 20.5-22.3 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 8.9-11.6 parts of lightyellow sophora root, 10.2-12.3 parts of clove, 22.7-24.2 parts of gynura divaricata, 8.5-10.5 parts of Chinese wampee leaf, 4.7-5.9 parts of artemisia scoparia, 2.8-3.5 parts of delavay stephania root and 8.5-9.7 parts of purslane for later use;
step two: weighing the Chinese pulsatilla root, the lightyellow sophora root, the clove, the folium programming dorsalis, the Chinese wampee leaf, the artemisia pigweed, the stephania root and the purslane in parts by weight respectively, carrying out low-temperature superfine grinding on the weighed raw material components, and then sieving the ground raw material components with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed powder is 1: 3-5, adding an extraction solvent into the mixed powder, stirring uniformly, performing microwave filtration, combining the two extracting solutions to obtain a total extracting solution, and blending the density of the total extracting solution to 1.0-1.3g/L to obtain the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostatic agent;
step three: peeling off peel before sowing and leaving seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water at 55 ℃ for 30 minutes, taking out, draining, soaking in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 10-15 minutes, and placing in a cool and dark place to protect the seeds from light for 15-20 days;
step four: selecting evergreen broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest or mixed forest land, digging low ridges with the width of 20cm and the height of 5-10cm at intervals of 50cm, digging planting pits at intervals of 50cm on the low ridges, placing seeds in the planting pits, covering soil and watering;
step five: generally, topdressing is carried out for the first time when the height of seedlings is 5-8 cm, 20-30 g of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant, one insect-attracting plate is arranged on a bracket every 15-20m2 in a field, and yellow insect-attracting plates and green insect-attracting plates are alternately arranged;
step six: when the seedlings are 15-25 cm high, the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostat prepared in the step two is sprayed in the field every 15 days, and when the fruits are picked, the spraying in the field every 15 days is reduced to the spraying in the field every 30 days;
step seven: the water is fully stirred by 10-12 kg of vegetation water, 10-12 kg of flour and 50-60 kg of added water one week before the fruits are ripe, and then the mixture is uniformly sprayed on the back of the blade, so that the erosion of pests such as mites and whiteflies to the fruits can be prevented.
And in the fifth step, the trap plate is 20-30cm higher than the plant, so that insects such as aphids and whiteflies are trapped and killed, and the insects are replaced in time after being stuck with the yellow plate.
And in the fourth step, 15-20g of organic fertilizer is added when the seeds are placed in the planting pits, wherein the organic fertilizer is decomposed dry cow dung and corn bran according to the ratio of 1: 2.
Wherein, the length, the width and the height of the planting pits in the fourth step are respectively 20 multiplied by 10 multiplied by 20.
Wherein, the microwave extraction is adopted in the second step for 20-30min, then the filtration is carried out, and the extraction is repeated twice.
Example 2
A green pest and disease damage prevention and control method for standardized planting of tsaoko amomum fruits comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing 20.5-22.3 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 8.9-11.6 parts of lightyellow sophora root, 10.2-12.3 parts of clove, 22.7-24.2 parts of gynura divaricata, 8.5-10.5 parts of Chinese wampee leaf, 4.7-5.9 parts of artemisia scoparia, 2.8-3.5 parts of delavay stephania root and 8.5-9.7 parts of purslane for later use;
step two: weighing the Chinese pulsatilla root, the lightyellow sophora root, the clove, the folium programming dorsalis, the Chinese wampee leaf, the artemisia pigweed, the stephania root and the purslane in parts by weight respectively, carrying out low-temperature superfine grinding on the weighed raw material components, and then sieving the ground raw material components with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed powder is 1: 3-5, adding an extraction solvent into the mixed powder, stirring uniformly, performing microwave filtration, combining the two extracting solutions to obtain a total extracting solution, and blending the density of the total extracting solution to 1.0-1.3g/L to obtain the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostatic agent;
step three: peeling off peel before sowing and leaving seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water at 55 ℃ for 30 minutes, taking out, draining, soaking in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 10-15 minutes, and placing in a cool and dark place to protect the seeds from light for 15-20 days;
step four: selecting evergreen broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest or mixed forest land, digging low ridges with the width of 20cm and the height of 5-10cm at intervals of 50cm, digging planting pits at intervals of 50cm on the low ridges, placing seeds in the planting pits, covering soil and watering;
step five: generally, topdressing is carried out for the first time when the height of seedlings is 5-8 cm, 20-30 g of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant, insect-attracting plates are installed on supports every 15-20m2 in a field, and yellow insect-attracting plates and green insect-attracting plates are alternately installed;
step six: when the seedlings are 15-25 cm high, the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostat prepared in the step two is sprayed in the field every 15 days, and when the fruits are picked, the spraying in the field every 15 days is reduced to the spraying in the field every 30 days;
step seven: the water is fully stirred by 10-12 kg of vegetation water, 10-12 kg of flour and 50-60 kg of added water one week before the fruits are ripe, and then the mixture is uniformly sprayed on the back of the blade, so that the erosion of pests such as mites and whiteflies to the fruits can be prevented.
And in the fifth step, the trap plate is 20-30cm higher than the plant, so that insects such as aphids and whiteflies are trapped and killed, and the insects are replaced in time after being stuck with the yellow plate.
And in the fourth step, 15-20g of organic fertilizer is added when the seeds are placed in the planting pits, the organic fertilizer is decomposed dry pig manure and corncob crushed aggregates which are prepared according to a ratio of 1:2, and after planting, additional fertilization is carried out to supplement nutrition in time, so that the seedlings can resist diseases and lodging in the growth process.
Wherein, the length, width and height of the planting pits in the fourth step are respectively 20 multiplied by 10 multiplied by 20, the soil body in the range is relatively soft, the germination is convenient, and the planting pits are matched with the growth period of the seedlings.
And in the second step, microwave extraction is adopted for 20-30min, then filtration is carried out, and repeated extraction is carried out twice, so that the extraction effect is more remarkable, and unnecessary waste is avoided.
When the invention works: the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostat prepared by the formula is an environment-friendly bactericide, plays a role in sterilization and disinfection, does not pollute the environment in the spraying process, enables the planted tsaoko fruit to be pollution-free, gradually pursues green food and organic food, and has the core of quality safety, wherein 10-12 kg of vegetation water, 10-12 kg of flour and 50-60 kg of added water are fully stirred and uniformly sprayed on the back of a blade one week before the fruit is mature, so that the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostat can prevent mites, whiteflies and other pests from corroding the fruit and improve the quality of the fruit. The yellow insect attracting plates and the green insect attracting plates are alternately installed to kill pests, reduce pesticide spraying, control pesticide residues in the tsaoko fruits and be the key of comprehensive control of disease and pests of the tsaoko fruits, the seeds are soaked in warm water at 55 ℃ for 30 minutes, taken out and drained and then soaked in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 10-15 minutes, the dormant state of the seeds is broken, rapid rooting is facilitated, the survival rate is improved, topdressing is carried out after planting, nutrition is supplemented timely, and the seedlings are disease-resistant and lodging-resistant in the growth process. The green pest and disease damage prevention and control method for standardized planting of the tsaoko amomum fruits is convenient to operate, simple in process, low in cost, less in infection and easy to achieve fast growth, stable yield and high yield.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A green pest and disease damage prevention and control method for standardized planting of tsaoko amomum fruit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing 20.5-22.3 parts of Chinese pulsatilla root, 8.9-11.6 parts of lightyellow sophora root, 10.2-12.3 parts of clove, 22.7-24.2 parts of gynura divaricata, 8.5-10.5 parts of Chinese wampee leaf, 4.7-5.9 parts of artemisia scoparia, 2.8-3.5 parts of delavay stephania root and 8.5-9.7 parts of purslane for later use;
step two: weighing the Chinese pulsatilla root, the lightyellow sophora root, the clove, the folium programming dorsalis, the Chinese wampee leaf, the artemisia pigweed, the stephania root and the purslane in parts by weight respectively, carrying out low-temperature superfine grinding on the weighed raw material components, and then sieving the ground raw material components with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain mixed powder, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed powder is 1: 3-5, adding an extraction solvent into the mixed powder, stirring uniformly, performing microwave filtration, combining the two extracting solutions to obtain a total extracting solution, and blending the density of the total extracting solution to 1.0-1.3g/L to obtain the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostatic agent;
step three: peeling off peel before sowing and leaving seeds, soaking the seeds in warm water at 55 ℃ for 30 minutes, taking out, draining, soaking in a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 10-15 minutes, and placing in a cool and dark place to protect the seeds from light for 15-20 days;
step four: selecting evergreen broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest or mixed forest land, digging low ridges with the width of 20cm and the height of 5-10cm at intervals of 50cm, digging planting pits at intervals of 50cm on the low ridges, placing seeds in the planting pits, covering soil and watering;
step five: generally, topdressing is carried out for the first time when the height of seedlings is 5-8 cm, 20-30 g of compound fertilizer is applied to each plant, one insect-attracting plate is arranged on a bracket every 15-20m2 in a field, and yellow insect-attracting plates and green insect-attracting plates are alternately arranged;
step six: when the seedlings are 15-25 cm high, the nontoxic insecticidal bacteriostat prepared in the step two is sprayed in the field every 15 days, and when the fruits are picked, the spraying in the field every 15 days is reduced to the spraying in the field every 30 days;
step seven: the water is fully stirred by 10-12 kg of vegetation water, 10-12 kg of flour and 50-60 kg of added water one week before the fruits are ripe, and then the mixture is uniformly sprayed on the back of the blade, so that the erosion of pests such as mites and whiteflies to the fruits can be prevented.
2. The green pest and disease control method for the standardized planting of the tsaoko amomum fruits according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the fifth step, the trap plate is 20-30cm higher than the plant, so that insects such as aphids and whiteflies can be trapped and killed, and the insects can be replaced in time after being stuck with the yellow plate.
3. The green pest and disease control method for the standardized planting of the tsaoko amomum fruits according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in the fourth step, 15-20g of organic fertilizer is added when the seeds are placed in the planting pits, wherein the organic fertilizer is decomposed dry cow dung and corn bran according to the ratio of 1: 2.
4. The green pest and disease control method for the standardized planting of the tsaoko amomum fruits according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the length, width and height of the planting pits in the fourth step are respectively 20 multiplied by 10 multiplied by 20.
5. The green pest and disease control method for the standardized planting of the tsaoko amomum fruits according to claim 1 is characterized in that: and in the second step, microwave extraction is adopted for 20-30min, then filtration is carried out, and the extraction is repeated twice.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN104718942A (en) * | 2015-03-11 | 2015-06-24 | 云南农业大学 | Method for improving population yield of Amomum tsao-ko through type match |
| CN105875166A (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-08-24 | 云南省林业科学院 | Amomum tsao-ko biomimetic seedling culturing method |
| CN107306721A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-11-03 | 广西贵港市港北区鑫农桑蚕种养专业合作社 | A kind of green prevention and control method of tealeaves pest and disease damage |
| CN107926500A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-20 | 红河学院 | A kind of high-efficient method for cultivating of tsaoko seedling |
| CN108849128A (en) * | 2018-05-24 | 2018-11-23 | 李本花 | A kind of facility celery pest and disease damage green prevention and control method |
| CN112021092A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-04 | 福贡云能产业开发有限公司 | Amomum tsaoko planting method with high survival rate |
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Application publication date: 20201215 |