CN112056196A - Method for promoting bolting of bolting vegetables in plant factory - Google Patents
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- CN112056196A CN112056196A CN202010915145.XA CN202010915145A CN112056196A CN 112056196 A CN112056196 A CN 112056196A CN 202010915145 A CN202010915145 A CN 202010915145A CN 112056196 A CN112056196 A CN 112056196A
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- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010149 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000000536 Brassica rapa subsp pekinensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000218922 Magnoliophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000499436 Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis Species 0.000 claims 1
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 6
- 244000221633 Brassica rapa subsp chinensis Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000219198 Brassica Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000011331 Brassica Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011303 Brassica alboglabra Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000178920 Brassica alboglabra Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005637 Brassica campestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011302 Brassica oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001301148 Brassica rapa subsp. oleifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219193 Brassicaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for promoting bolting of bolting vegetables in plant factories, which can promote the bolting of the vegetables in advance and improve the bolting yield by mainly adjusting the ratio of light quanta of the ratio of far-red light (700-.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable cultivation, in particular to a method for promoting bolting of vegetables such as flowering plants in plant factories.
Background
Light is a fundamental environmental factor in plant growth and development. It is not only a basic energy source for photosynthesis, but also an important regulator of plant growth and development. The growth and development of plants are not only limited by light intensity and photoperiod, but also affected by light quality, i.e. light and radiation with different wavelengths and their different composition ratios.
The brassica vegetables mainly refer to brassica primary and secondary herbaceous plants in brassicaceae for eating fat and tender flower organs, and mainly comprise vegetables such as cabbage, brassica and brassica oleracea. The young Chinese cabbage of the young Chinese cabbage vegetable is tender, fresh and crisp, fresh and sweet, delicious, rich in vitamin C and rich in nutrition, and is deeply loved by the consumers. With the development of plant factories, in order to meet the diversified vegetable variety requirements of consumers, the variety cultivated in the plant factories is not only limited to lettuce and pakchoi, but also is continuously enriched to increase the vegetable variety of the plant factories, wherein the bolting vegetables are one of the plant factory cultivated varieties. The bolting vegetable mainly takes tender bolting organs as main edible organs, so that the important significance is achieved by exploring how to regulate and control the bolting vegetable to enter the bolting growth period in advance through specific measures so as to promote the growth of the bolting.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a method for promoting bolting of bolting vegetables in plant factories, which can promote the bolting vegetables to enter the bolting growth period in advance and improve the bolting yield by mainly adjusting the ratio of light quanta of far-red light (700-.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:
the invention provides a method for promoting bolting of flowering vegetables in plant factories, and the method is characterized in that when the flowering vegetables are cultivated, the used light source spectrum contains far-red light (700-.
Preferably, in the spectrum, the ratio of the light quantum number of the blue light (400-499nm) to the light quantum number of the whole light source composition is 9% -13%, and the ratio of the light quantum number of the far-red light (700-780nm) to the light quantum number of the whole light source composition is 15% -19%.
Preferably, the spectrum contains green light (500- & 599nm) and red light (600- & 699nm), and the sum of the photon numbers of the green light (500- & 599nm) and the red light (600- & 699nm) accounts for 71% -74% of the photon number in the whole light source composition.
More preferably, the ratio of the number of photons of green light (500-.
Preferably, when the vegetables of the brassica campestris are cultivated, the EC value of the nutrient solution in the seedling period is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, the EC value of the nutrient solution in the planting period is 1.2-2.0, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, and the EC value is gradually increased along with the extension of the growth period of the vegetables; the temperature of the nutrient solution is 20-22 deg.C, and the dissolved oxygen amount is 5-6 mg/L.
Preferably, when the bolting vegetables are cultivated, the environmental temperature conditions are 20-23 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night, 60-70% of air humidity and CO2The concentration is 1000ppm, the light intensity is set to be 200 plus 400 mu mol/square meter/s, and the photoperiod is 10-16 h/d.
The invention also provides a method for promoting bolting of vegetables such as bolting in plant factories, which comprises the following steps:
(1) seed treatment: soaking seeds in clear water, sowing the seeds into sponge squares with 1 seed in each hole, placing the sponge squares into a germination accelerating box for accelerating germination, and performing seedling culture treatment after the seeds are exposed to the white color;
(2) seedling culture: during the seedling raising treatment, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, and when the vegetables grow to 6-7 true leaves, the cultivation and field planting are carried out;
(3) planting: transferring the vegetables onto a planting plate, and placing the vegetables into a nutrient solution tank for culture, wherein the nutrient solution adopts a nutrient solution film culture technology, the EC value of the nutrient solution is controlled to be 1.2-2.0, the pH value is 6.0-7.0 during the whole planting period, and the EC value is gradually increased along with the extension of the growth period of the vegetables during the period; and the ratio of the light quantum for adjusting the ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum is controlled to be 1.2-2.1 during the whole planting period.
Preferably, in the spectrum, the ratio of the light quantum number of the blue light (400-499nm) to the light quantum number of the whole light source composition is 9% -13%, and the ratio of the light quantum number of the far-red light (700-780nm) to the light quantum number of the whole light source composition is 15-19%.
Preferably, the spectrum further comprises green light (500- & 599nm) and red light (600- & 699nm), and the sum of the photon numbers of the green light (500- & 599nm) and the red light (600- & 699nm) accounts for 71% -74% of the photon number in the whole light source composition.
Preferably, when the bolting vegetables are cultivated, the environmental temperature conditions are 20-23 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night, 60-70% of air humidity and CO2The concentration is 1000ppm, the light intensity is set to be 200 plus 400 mu mol/square meter/s, and the photoperiod is 10-16 h/d.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: by adopting the method for promoting bolting of the bolting vegetables in the plant factory, the bolting growth period of the bolting vegetables can be promoted to be advanced, and the bolting yield is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a peak light wave value of the LED lamp 6;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a peak value of light wave of the LED lamp 9.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
The embodiment of the invention mainly provides a luminous environment regulation and control technology which is mainly used for cultivating the bolting vegetables, an LED light source is adopted during cultivation, the ratio of light quanta of the ratio of far-red light (700-. The early-stage seedling raising treatment of vegetables comprises the steps of soaking seeds in clear water, sowing the seeds into sponge squares with 1 grain per hole, placing the sponge squares into a germination accelerating box for accelerating germination, and carrying out seedling raising treatment after the seeds are exposed to the white, wherein the EC value of a nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm during the treatment period, and the pH value is 6.0-7.0. When the vegetables grow to 6-7 true leaves, cultivating and field planting are carried out, the vegetables are transferred to a field planting plate, the spacing between field planting lines is 12cm multiplied by 20cm, the vegetables are placed into a nutrient solution tank for cultivation, the nutrient solution adopts a nutrient solution film cultivation technology, the EC value of the nutrient solution is controlled to be 1.2-2.0 during the whole field planting period, the EC value is gradually increased along with the extension of the growth period of the vegetables, and the pH value is 6.0-7.0. The temperature of the nutrient solution is 20-22 deg.C, dissolved oxygen amount is 5-6mg/L, the ambient temperature is 20-23 deg.C in daytime, 18-20 deg.C in night, air humidity is 60-70%, and CO is added2The concentration is 1000ppm, the light intensity is set to be 200 plus 400 mu mol/square meter/s, and the photoperiod is 10-16 h/d.
The technical solution provided by the present invention is described in detail in the following embodiments.
Example 1
Soaking seeds of the four-nine-flowering cabbage heart, sowing the seeds into sponge squares with 1 seed per hole, then putting the sponge squares into a germination accelerating box at 23 ℃ for accelerating germination, and after the seeds are exposed to white, transferring the seeds into a water culture nutrient solution for seedling cultivation management, wherein the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, and the seeds are cultivated until 6-7 true leaves are obtained. Selecting, transplanting and field planting 6-7 young seedlings with true leaves on a field planting plate, planting at a row spacing of 12cm × 20cm, culturing in a nutrient solution tank by nutrient solution film water culture technology, wherein the nutrient solution EC is controlled at 1.5-1.8mS/cm, the pH is 6.0-7.0, and during the whole field planting period, the temperature of the nutrient solution is controlled at 21 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 5-6mg/L, the environmental temperature is 21 ℃ in the daytime, 18 ℃ at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and CO is added into the soil2The concentration was 1000 ppm. The light source uses a fluorescent lamp as a comparison example 1, and is provided with spectra of 5 comparison examples and 6 other examples, and the light intensity is 250 mu mol.m-2·s-1The photoperiod is 12 h/d. Culturing the four-nine flowering Chinese cabbage according to the cultivation method, taking the light source parameters as each example and comparison example, counting the bolting time of the main bolt and the bolting time of the side bolts of each example and comparison example, counting the permanent planting for 60 days,
the total yield of each flower bolt harvested in each example and the control example. The results of the experiment are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
The experimental results show that: compared with 6 comparison examples, the light source scheme adopted in the embodiment 1-6 greatly promotes the four-nine flowering Chinese cabbage to enter the bolting growth period in advance, and meanwhile, the yield of the four-nine flowering Chinese cabbage is greatly improved.
Example 2
Soaking the dengfeng Chinese kale seed, sowing into sponge blocks with 1 grain per hole, then placing into a germination accelerating box with the temperature of 23 ℃ for accelerating germination, and transferring to a germination accelerating box after the seed is exposed to whiteSeedling culture management is carried out in the water culture nutrient solution, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, and the seedling is cultured until 6-7 true leaves are obtained. Selecting, transplanting and field planting 6-7 young seedlings with true leaves on a field planting plate, planting at a row spacing of 12cm × 20cm, culturing in a nutrient solution tank by nutrient solution film water culture technology, wherein the nutrient solution EC is controlled at 1.5-1.8mS/cm, the pH is 6.0-7.0, and during the whole field planting period, the temperature of the nutrient solution is controlled at 21 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 5-6mg/L, the environmental temperature is 21 ℃ in the daytime, 18 ℃ at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and CO is added into the soil2The concentration was 1000 ppm. The light source uses a fluorescent lamp as a comparison example 1, and is provided with spectra of 5 comparison examples and 6 other examples, and the light intensity is 250 mu mol.m-2·s-1The photoperiod is 12 h/d. And (3) culturing the peak cabbage mustard according to the cultivation method, taking the light source parameters as the examples and the control examples, counting the bolting time of the main bolt and the bolting time of the side bolts of the examples and the control examples, and counting the total yield of each bolt harvested in each example and the control example after the field planting for 70 days. The results of the experiment are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
The experimental results show that: compared with 6 comparison examples, the light source schemes in the examples 1 to 6 greatly promote the peak-climax cabbage to enter the bolting growth period in advance, and meanwhile, the yield of the bolting flowering stems of the peak-climax cabbage is greatly improved.
Although the embodiments have been described, once the basic inventive concept is obtained, other variations and modifications of these embodiments can be made by those skilled in the art, so that the above embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the contents of the present specification and drawings, or any other related technical fields, which are directly or indirectly applied thereto, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for promoting bolting of flowering vegetables in plant factories is characterized in that when the flowering vegetables are cultivated, the used light source spectrum contains far-red light (700-.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the spectrum, the ratio of the number of light quanta in blue light (400-499nm) to the number of light quanta in the whole light source composition is 9% -13%, and the ratio of the number of light quanta in far-red light (700-780nm) to the number of light quanta in the whole light source composition is 15% -19%.
3. The method for promoting bolting of flowering vegetables in plant factories according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spectrum contains green light (500-.
4. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the ratio of the number of photons of green light (500-.
5. The method for promoting bolting of vegetables like flowering plants according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when the vegetables like flowering plants are cultivated, the EC value of the nutrient solution in the seedling period is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, the EC value of the nutrient solution in the field planting period is 1.2-2.0, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, and the EC value gradually increases along with the growth period of the vegetables; the temperature of the nutrient solution is 20-22 deg.C, and the dissolved oxygen amount is 5-6 mg/L.
6. The method for promoting bolting of vegetables like vegetables bolting in plant factory as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in thatWhen the vegetables such as the flowering Chinese cabbage are cultivated, the environmental temperature is 20-23 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and CO is used2The concentration is 1000ppm, the light intensity is set to be 200 plus 400 mu mol/square meter/s, and the photoperiod is 10-16 h/d.
7. A method for promoting bolting of vegetables such as bolting in plant factories is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) seed treatment: soaking seeds in clear water, sowing the seeds into sponge squares with 1 seed in each hole, placing the sponge squares into a germination accelerating box for accelerating germination, and performing seedling culture treatment after the seeds are exposed to the white color;
(2) seedling culture: during the seedling raising treatment, the EC value of the nutrient solution is 0.8-1.2mS/cm, the pH value is 6.0-7.0, and when the vegetables grow to 6-7 true leaves, the cultivation and field planting are carried out;
(3) planting: transferring the vegetables onto a planting plate, and placing the vegetables into a nutrient solution tank for culture, wherein the nutrient solution adopts a nutrient solution film culture technology, the EC value of the nutrient solution is controlled to be 1.2-2.0, the pH value is 6.0-7.0 during the whole planting period, and the EC value is gradually increased along with the extension of the growth period of the vegetables during the period; and the ratio of the light quantum for adjusting the ratio of far-red light (700-780nm) and blue light (400-499nm) in the spectrum is controlled to be 1.2-2.1 during the whole planting period.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the spectrum, the ratio of the light quanta of blue light (400-499nm) to the light quanta of the whole light source composition is 9% -13%, and the ratio of the light quanta of far-red light (700-780nm) to the light quanta of the whole light source composition is 15-19%.
9. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the spectrum contains green light (500-.
10. A process according to claim 7A method for promoting bolting of vegetables such as flowering vegetables in plant factories is characterized in that when the vegetables such as flowering vegetables are cultivated, the environmental temperature is 20-23 ℃ in the daytime, 18-20 ℃ at night, the air humidity is 60-70%, and CO is added2The concentration is 1000ppm, the light intensity is set to be 200 plus 400 mu mol/square meter/s, and the photoperiod is 10-16 h/d.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113099878A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-07-13 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Method for promoting anthocyanin content accumulation of plant factory flowers |
| WO2022022269A1 (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2022-02-03 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Method for promoting growth of root tubers of rhizome-type medicinal materials in plant factories |
| WO2022048302A1 (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-03-10 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | Method for accelerating vegetative growth to reproductive growth of leafy vegetables |
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Application publication date: 20201211 |