CN112033134B - Instant drying device for fresh pollen and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Instant drying device for fresh pollen and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112033134B CN112033134B CN202010947045.5A CN202010947045A CN112033134B CN 112033134 B CN112033134 B CN 112033134B CN 202010947045 A CN202010947045 A CN 202010947045A CN 112033134 B CN112033134 B CN 112033134B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/12—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft
- F26B17/122—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed solely by gravity, i.e. the material moving through a substantially vertical drying enclosure, e.g. shaft the material moving through a cross-flow of drying gas; the drying enclosure, e.g. shaft, consisting of substantially vertical, perforated walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/003—Supply-air or gas filters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
- F26B23/04—Heating arrangements using electric heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/06—Chambers, containers, or receptacles
- F26B25/08—Parts thereof
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an instant drying device for fresh pollen and an operation method thereof, wherein the device comprises a plurality of supporting components; the material groove is arranged on the plurality of supporting assemblies, an air inlet assembly and a first fan are arranged on the side portion of the material groove, a first baffle and a sliding plate capable of sliding are arranged on an opening of the material groove, and a temperature sensor, a temperature and humidity sensor, a second baffle and a self-heating plate electrically connected with the solar assembly are arranged in the material groove; and the programmable controller is electrically connected with the electric devices. The invention adopts the green solar drying technology and the self-adaptive temperature and humidity intelligent control technology to carry out the instant drying of the fresh bee pollen, the fresh bee pollen can be dried in the acquisition process, the thin layer drying of the pollen is realized, the turning of the pollen is reduced, the natural form of the pollen is maintained, the breakage rate of the pollen is greatly reduced, and the additional value and the commodity value of the pollen are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of bee product processing, in particular to an instant drying device for fresh pollen and an operation method thereof.
Background
Bee pollen is from nature, is pollen grains and nectar collected by bees, and is mixed with special glandular secretion to form an irregular oblate dough. Pollen contains all the nutrients and active substances for plant development, is the source of plant life, and is called a micro-nutrient pool.
After the fresh bee pollen is harvested, the moisture content of a wet base reaches 20-30%, the activity of microorganisms and enzymes is high, the fresh bee pollen is easily infected by the microorganisms, and drying and dehydration are required to be carried out in time so as to prolong the storage time of the fresh bee pollen.
At present, bee pollen is extremely easy to be subjected to secondary pollution by ants, flies and other insects in the collection process, and the loss of nutrient components of fresh pollen can be caused under the condition of sunlight irradiation, so that the nutrient value and the product added value of the fresh pollen are reduced.
The existing bee pollen drying technology adopts the technologies of sun drying, freeze drying, hot air drying and the like to dry the bee pollen, generally, the harvested fresh pollen is frozen, stored and transported, and then is dried and dehydrated or naturally aired in the open air.
Sun drying is easily affected by weather, drying time is long, lipid oxidation and color deterioration are easy to occur, secondary pollution of flies, ants and other insects is easy to occur in the drying process, meanwhile, impurities such as grass sticks, dust and the like in pollen are greatly increased, and the food safety of bee pollen is poor.
Freeze drying and hot air drying can not be carried out in a bee field, lipid oxidation deterioration of fresh bee pollen is easy to occur at normal temperature, the collected pollen needs to be immediately frozen, most of the bee fields lack refrigeration facilities and equipment at present, the freezing storage and transportation of the fresh pollen are difficult to realize, and secondary pollution is possible in the collection process of the pollen.
Chinese patent publication No. CN108534513A discloses a drying oven for bee pollen production, which comprises a box body, a controller, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a vibration motor, wherein the controller is arranged above the box body, a bee pollen placing rack is arranged inside the box body, the humidity sensor is arranged above the bee pollen placing rack, the temperature sensor is arranged on the side surface of the humidity sensor, a ventilation window is arranged on the side surface of the bee pollen placing rack, a substrate is arranged below the bee pollen placing rack, the vibration motor is arranged below the substrate, and springs are arranged on two sides of the vibration motor. The drying box for producing bee pollen needs to use an external power supply.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an instant drying device for fresh pollen and an operation method thereof.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an instant drying device for fresh pollen, comprising:
a plurality of support assemblies which are uniformly arranged;
the drying box comprises a material groove, the top of the material groove is of an open box-type structure, and the bottom of the material groove is of an anti-skid structure; the material groove is placed on the plurality of supporting components, and the bottom surface of the material groove is in contact with the plurality of supporting components; an air inlet assembly is mounted on one side of the material groove, and an electromagnetic valve is mounted on the air inlet assembly; a first fan is arranged on the other side of the material groove; the sliding plate covers the opening of the material groove and can slide on the opening; the first baffle is arranged on the opening of the material groove and is positioned at one end of the sliding direction of the sliding plate; a second baffle and a self-heating plate are arranged in the material groove, and the second baffle is obliquely arranged in the material groove and is close to the first baffle;
a solar module electrically connected to the self-heating plate;
the control system comprises a programmable controller, a temperature sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged in the material tank and used for monitoring the surface temperature of the pollen, and the temperature and humidity sensor is used for monitoring the temperature and humidity condition in the material tank; the programmable controller is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve, the first fan, the solar component, the temperature sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor.
Furthermore, the supporting assembly comprises a supporting base, an adjusting rod, a stand column and a weight sensor; the adjusting rod is vertically fixed at the center of the top surface of the supporting base and is in threaded connection with the upright column, the adjusting rod can be vertically adjusted in the upright column along the vertical direction, a weight sensor electrically connected with the programmable controller is installed above the upright column, and the weight sensor is in contact with the bottom surface of the material groove.
Furthermore, the supporting base is an annular base, the bottom of the supporting base is sealed, and liquid can be added into the bottom of the supporting base.
Furthermore, a second filter screen is installed at the inlet end of the electromagnetic valve.
Furthermore, a check valve and a first filter screen are installed on the first fan.
Furthermore, the sliding plate is a U-shaped sliding plate, the U-shaped sliding plate can be integrally clamped on the opening of the material groove by the two side plates of the U-shaped sliding plate, and the two side plates of the U-shaped sliding plate are respectively in guide sliding fit with the outer side of the material groove.
Furthermore, the contact surface of the second baffle and the pollen adopts soft materials.
Furthermore, the self-heating plate is made of a solar heat absorption material, the surface of the self-heating plate is designed to be in a continuous arc shape, and a heating element electrically connected with the solar assembly is installed inside the self-heating plate.
The instant drying device for fresh pollen of any one of the above claims, wherein the operation method comprises:
measuring the angle of repose of the fresh pollen, and adjusting the height of the supporting component to enable the inclination angle of the material groove to be slightly larger than the angle of repose, so that the collected fresh pollen can flow in the material groove;
contacting a first baffle in a drying box with the lower edge of a pollen remover arranged on a beehive, and adjusting the relative position of a sliding plate according to the diameter and the blanking speed of fresh bee pollen to enable the bee pollen to freely fall into a material groove, wherein the pollen is dried in the material groove under the action of a self-heating plate;
a temperature and humidity sensor in the material tank dynamically monitors the temperature and humidity condition in the material tank, when the humidity reaches a set threshold upper limit, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the first fan is started, and the humidity in the material tank is reduced; when the humidity reaches the lower limit of the set humidity threshold value, the electromagnetic valve is closed, the first fan is closed, and the dehumidifying operation is stopped;
when the temperature in the material tank monitored by the temperature and humidity sensor reaches a set threshold value and the pollen surface temperature monitored by the temperature sensor reaches a set threshold value upper limit, cooling; and when the temperature in the material tank monitored by the temperature and humidity sensor reaches a set threshold value, and when the surface temperature of the pollen monitored by the temperature sensor reaches a set threshold value lower limit, stopping cooling.
Furthermore, when weather conditions are not good, a sectional drying mode can be adopted, fresh pollen is dried to critical safe moisture, then intermediate products are collected and sent to a processing plant in a centralized mode, and deep drying is carried out by adopting vacuum pulsation or freeze drying.
The instant drying device for fresh pollen and the operation method thereof provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. the method realizes the instant drying of the fresh pollen production place, adopts relatively closed collection production, applies closed drying dehydration, has clean and sanitary processing process, and effectively avoids the secondary pollution of crawling and flying insects to the fresh pollen.
2. The green energy is fully utilized, a small solar system configured by the device can be directly utilized, and the device can also be connected to a bee field to be widely applied to a solar power generation device, so that green and energy-saving production of fresh pollen drying is realized, the production energy consumption is greatly reduced, the production cost is saved, the quality and the additional value of bee pollen are improved, the income of bee farmers can be effectively increased, and the labor intensity of the bee farmers is reduced.
3. By utilizing the self-flowing characteristic of the bee pollen and adopting the self-flowing thin layer drying, the purposes of firstly collecting and drying, simultaneously collecting and drying are realized, the thin layer of the fresh bee pollen is always kept dry in the drying process, manual turning is not needed, the labor intensity is reduced, the drying efficiency is greatly improved, the breakage rate of the bee pollen is reduced, and the commodity value of the product is increased.
4. The device design is simple, and the achievement is easy to convert and implement. When fresh pollen was gathered to single colony honeybee, can carry out continuous production through two instant drying cabinets, meet thunderstorm weather simultaneously, only need close the slide can, need not receive the powder, the adverse effect of the thunderstorm weather that also significantly reduces simultaneously to the pollen. The traditional open type pollen receiving disc is replaced, the weight of the drying box is monitored in real time by adopting a weight sensor, the drying end point of the bee pollen can be accurately judged, and insufficient drying and excessive drying are avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of an instant drying device for fresh pollen according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of an instant drying device for fresh pollen according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of an instant drying device for fresh pollen according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a front view of a support assembly in the instant drying device for fresh pollen according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a support assembly; 1-1, supporting a base; 1-2, adjusting a rod; 1-3, upright columns; 1-4, a weight sensor;
2. a drying oven; 2-1, a material groove; 2-2, an electromagnetic valve; 2-3, an air inlet component; 2-4, a sliding plate; 2-5, a first baffle; 2-6, a second baffle; 2-7, self-heating plate; 2-8, a first fan; 2-9, a one-way valve; 2-10, a first filter screen; 2-11, a second filter screen;
3. a solar module; 3-1, a solar panel; 3-2, a storage battery pack;
4. a control system; 4-1, a temperature sensor; 4-2, a temperature and humidity sensor; 4-3, a programmable controller; 4-4, an extension plate.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an instant drying device for fresh pollen comprises a support component 1, a drying box 2, a solar component 3 and a control system 4.
The number of the supporting assemblies 1 is multiple, the supporting assemblies 1 are uniformly distributed, and the structure of each supporting assembly 1 is the same. As shown in FIG. 4, the supporting assembly 1 comprises a supporting base 1-1, an adjusting rod 1-2, a column 1-3 and a weight sensor 1-4. The adjusting rod 1-2 is vertically fixed at the center of the top surface of the supporting base 1-1, the adjusting rod 1-2 is in threaded connection with the upright post 1-3, the adjusting rod 1-2 can be vertically adjusted in the upright post 1-3, and the weight sensor 1-4 is arranged above the upright post 1-3.
The support base 1-1 is preferably a ring base, the bottom is sealed and the bottom can be filled with liquid. The annular base can be matched with the upright posts 1-3 plated with the mirror surface, so that the stealing and pollution of ants, centipedes and the like to the fresh pollen in the natural airing process of the fresh pollen at present are effectively avoided, and the sanitary condition for producing the fresh pollen is improved.
The drying box 2 comprises a material groove 2-1, an electromagnetic valve 2-2, an air inlet assembly 2-3, a sliding plate 2-4, a first baffle 2-5, a second baffle 2-6, a self-heating plate 2-7, a first fan 2-8, a one-way valve 2-9, a first filter screen 2-10 and a second filter screen 2-11.
The material groove 2-1 is of a cuboid box structure with an opening at the top and adopts a heat preservation design, and the bottom is of an anti-slip structure, so that pollen is prevented from slipping to one side. The material groove 2-1 is arranged on the weight sensor 1-4 of each supporting component 1, and the bottom surface of the material groove 2-1 is in contact with the weight sensor 1-4.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, an air inlet assembly 2-3 is installed on the left side of the material tank 2-1, and an electromagnetic valve 2-2 is installed on the air inlet assembly 2-3. And a first fan 2-8 is arranged on the right side of the material groove 2-1. In an improved mode, a second filter screen 2-11 is installed at the inlet end of the electromagnetic valve 2-2, and the second filter screen 2-11 can filter inlet air to prevent the inlet air from polluting pollen. In a further improvement, the first fan 2-8 is provided with a one-way valve 2-9 and a first filter screen 2-10, and the first filter screen 2-10 can filter the wind blown into the material tank 2-1 by the first fan 2-8, so that the pollen is prevented from being polluted by the incoming wind.
The sliding plate 2-4 covers the opening of the material groove 2-1 and can slide on the opening, and the sliding direction of the sliding plate 2-4 is the same as the extending direction of the short side of the material groove 2-1. The first baffle 2-5 is arranged on the opening of the material groove 2-1 and is positioned at one end of the sliding direction of the sliding plate 2-4, the first baffle 2-5 is positioned at one end of the short side of the material groove 2-1, and the extending direction of the first baffle 2-5 is the same as the extending direction of the long side of the material groove 2-1. The first baffle 2-5 adopts a telescopic design, the contact surface with pollen adopts soft materials, and the inclination angle and the length can be adjusted according to the yield and the water content of the pollen.
The sliding plate 2-4 is preferably a U-shaped sliding plate, two side plates of the U-shaped sliding plate can integrally clamp the U-shaped sliding plate on the opening of the material groove 2-1, and the two side plates of the U-shaped sliding plate are respectively in guide sliding fit with the outer side of the material groove 2-1. The U-shaped sliding plate and the opening of the material groove 2-1 can form a sealing structure, and when the sliding plate 2-4 seals the opening of the material groove 2-1, moisture cannot easily enter the material groove 2-1.
A second baffle 2-6 and a self-heating plate 2-7 are arranged in the material groove 2-1, and the second baffle 2-6 is obliquely arranged in the material groove 2-1 and is close to the first baffle 2-5. The contact surface of the second baffle 2-6 and pollen is preferably made of soft material. The self-heating plates 2-7 are preferably made of solar heat-absorbing materials, the surfaces of the self-heating plates are designed in a continuous arc shape, and heating elements electrically connected with the solar modules 3 are installed inside the self-heating plates.
In a further improvement, a second fan and a third fan (not shown in the figure) capable of convection are arranged in the material tank 2-1.
The solar component 3 is electrically connected with the self-heating plate 2-7, and the solar component 3 can be placed on an extension plate 4-4 fixedly connected with the front side outside the material groove 2-1.
The control system 4 comprises a temperature sensor 4-1, a temperature and humidity sensor 4-2 and a programmable controller 4-3. The temperature sensor 4-1 and the temperature and humidity sensor 4-2 are arranged in the material tank 2-1, the temperature sensor 4-1 is used for monitoring the pollen surface temperature, and the temperature and humidity sensor 4-2 is used for monitoring the temperature and humidity condition in the material tank 2-1. The programmable controller 4-3 can be placed on the extension plate 4-4, and the programmable controller 4-3 is electrically connected with the weight sensor 1-4, the electromagnetic valve 2-2, the first fan 2-8, the second fan, the third fan, the solar module 3, the temperature sensor 4-1 and the temperature and humidity sensor 4-2. The programmable controller 4-3 can receive data fed back by the temperature sensor 4-1 and the temperature and humidity sensor 4-2, and controls the electromagnetic valve 2-2, the first fan 2-8, the second fan, the third fan and the solar module 3 by combining the temperature and humidity data.
The operation method of the instant drying device for fresh pollen comprises the following steps:
measuring the angle of repose of the fresh pollen, and adjusting the height of the supporting component 1 to enable the inclination angle of the material groove 2-1 to be slightly larger than the angle of repose, so that the collected fresh pollen can flow in the material groove 2-1;
contacting a first baffle 2-5 in the drying box 2 with the lower edge of a pollen remover arranged on the beehive, adjusting the relative position of a sliding plate 2-4 according to the diameter and the blanking speed of fresh bee pollen to enable the bee pollen to freely fall into a material groove 2-1, and drying the pollen in the material groove 2-1 under the action of a self-heating plate 2-7;
a temperature and humidity sensor 4-2 in the material tank 2-1 dynamically monitors the temperature and humidity condition in the material tank 2-1, when the humidity reaches a set threshold upper limit, an electromagnetic valve 2-11 is opened, a first fan 2-8 is started, and the humidity in the material tank 2-1 is reduced; when the humidity reaches the lower limit of the set humidity threshold, closing the electromagnetic valve 2-11, closing the first fan 2-8, and stopping the dehumidifying operation;
when the temperature in the material tank 2-1 monitored by the temperature and humidity sensor 4-2 reaches a set threshold value and the pollen surface temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 4-1 reaches a set threshold value upper limit, cooling; and when the temperature in the material tank 2-1 monitored by the temperature and humidity sensor 4-2 reaches a set threshold value, and when the surface temperature of the pollen monitored by the temperature sensor 4-1 reaches a set threshold value lower limit, stopping cooling. The second fan and the third fan are different in flow direction and are started periodically (or continuously), and the temperature and humidity in the material tank 2-1 are guaranteed to be consistent. When the humidity is discharged and the temperature is reduced, the flow direction is consistent with that of the first fan 2-8.
When the weather conditions are not good (early spring and late autumn), a sectional drying mode can be adopted, fresh pollen is firstly dried to critical safe moisture (free water of the fresh pollen is removed), then the intermediate product is collected and is intensively sent to a processing plant, and deep drying is carried out by adopting vacuum pulsation or freeze drying.
Specifically, when an operator operates the device, firstly, the angle of repose of the fresh pollen is measured, and the height of the adjusting rod 1-2 of the supporting assembly 1 is adjusted, so that the inclination angle of the material groove 2-1 is slightly larger than the angle of repose, and the collected fresh pollen can smoothly flow in the direction of the short side of the material groove 2-1. The supporting base 1-1 in the supporting component 1 can be added with insect expelling liquid such as clear water and natural plant extract, and the outside of the upright post 1-3 is treated by adopting mirror electroplating technology, so that the reptiles (ants, centipedes and the like) are prevented from entering the drying box 2 to eat the fresh bee pollen in a stealing mode, and the possibility that the reptiles pollute the fresh pollen is effectively avoided.
The first baffle 2-5 in the drying box 2 is contacted with the lower edge of a pollen remover arranged on the beehive, the relative position of the sliding plate 2-4 is adjusted according to the diameter and the blanking speed of the fresh bee pollen, the bee pollen is ensured to freely fall into the material groove 2-1 in the drying box 2, the blanking gap can prevent bees from picking up the pollen, flying insects such as flies and the like can be prevented from entering the material groove 2-1, the secondary pollution of the pollen in the drying process is avoided, and the pollution of dust in the air to the fresh bee pollen in a box for picking up the pollen can be greatly reduced. The first baffle 2-5 adopts a telescopic design, the contact surface with pollen adopts soft materials, and the inclination angle and the length can be adjusted according to the yield and the water content of the pollen. The contact surface of the second baffle 2-6 and pollen adopts soft materials, so that the pollen breakage rate is reduced.
After the pollen falls into the material groove 2-1, thin layer drying can be formed under the action of the self-heating plate 2-7, the collected pollen can sequentially fall into the material groove 2-1 along with the drying, the collection process can be dried immediately, the collected pollen is dried firstly and is dried while being collected, the freshly collected pollen is always on the uppermost layer, a high-moisture-content thin layer drying mode is continuously formed, the drying efficiency of the pollen is improved, and the possibility that fresh pollen is broken due to the fact that the pollen is turned over in the later period is greatly reduced by utilizing the self-flowing characteristic of the bee pollen. The self-heating plates 2-7 are made of solar heat-absorbing materials, the surfaces of the self-heating plates are designed in a continuous arc shape, the heat-absorbing area is increased, and heating elements electrically connected with the solar components 3 (existing devices) are installed inside the self-heating plates 2-7. When the solar radiation intensity is high, the self-heating plate 2-7 can provide heat for the material groove 2-1 by utilizing the heat absorbed by the self-heating plate; when the solar radiation intensity is insufficient, the solar component 3 supplies power to the self-heating plates 2-7, and the self-heating plates 2-7 continuously supply heat to the interior of the material tank 2-1, so that the fresh pollen can reach the set end point moisture content. The solar module 3 usually has a battery system for storing energy, which stores electricity to supply power to the self-heating panels 2-7 when the intensity of solar radiation is too high. The self-heating plate 2-7 can also shield sunlight, and reduce the loss of bee pollen nutrition caused by ultraviolet rays in sunlight.
In the bee pollen drying process, the second fan and the third fan are started periodically under the control of the programmable controller 4-3, the air flow directions are opposite, and discontinuous reversing operation is adopted, so that the temperature and the humidity in the material tank 2-1 are ensured to be consistent. A temperature and humidity sensor 4-2 in the material tank 2-1 dynamically monitors the temperature and humidity condition in the material tank 2-1, when the humidity reaches a set threshold upper limit, an electromagnetic valve 2-11 is opened, a first fan 2-8 is started, and the humidity in the material tank 2-1 is reduced; and when the humidity reaches the lower limit of the set humidity threshold value, closing the electromagnetic valve 2-11, closing the first fan 2-8 and stopping the dehumidifying operation.
When the temperature in the material tank 2-1 monitored by the temperature and humidity sensor 4-2 reaches a set threshold value and the pollen surface temperature monitored by the temperature sensor 4-1 reaches a set threshold value upper limit, cooling; and when the temperature in the material tank 2-1 monitored by the temperature and humidity sensor 4-2 reaches a set threshold value, and when the surface temperature of the pollen monitored by the temperature sensor 4-1 reaches a set threshold value lower limit, stopping cooling.
After the pollen is harvested to reach the set amount, the sliding plate 2-4 is closed, a new drying box 2 is replaced, and the operation is continued. The harvested pollen can be continuously dried, the bee pollen dehydration process is fed back on line in real time through the weight sensor 1-4, simulation is carried out through the thin layer drying model, meanwhile, the weight difference values in different time periods are calculated through self-adaption intelligence, verification is carried out through numerical simulation, drying emphasis is judged automatically and accurately, the bee pollen can be stored safely for a long time, and the quality of the bee pollen product is guaranteed.
When the weather conditions are not good (early spring and late autumn), a sectional drying mode can be adopted, fresh pollen is firstly dried to critical safe moisture (free water of the fresh pollen is removed), then the intermediate product is collected and is intensively sent to a processing plant, and deep drying is carried out by adopting vacuum pulsation or freeze drying.
The instant drying device for fresh pollen and the operation method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
1. the method realizes the instant drying of the fresh pollen production place, adopts relatively closed collection production, applies closed drying dehydration, has clean and sanitary processing process, and avoids secondary pollution to the fresh pollen caused by crawling and flying insects.
2. The green energy is fully utilized, a small solar system configured by the device can be directly utilized, and the device can also be connected to a bee field to be widely applied to a solar power generation device, so that green and energy-saving production of fresh pollen drying is realized, the production energy consumption is greatly reduced, the production cost is saved, the quality and the additional value of bee pollen are improved, the income of bee farmers can be effectively increased, and the labor intensity of the bee farmers is reduced.
3. By utilizing the self-flowing characteristic of the bee pollen and adopting the self-flowing thin layer drying, the purposes of firstly collecting and drying, simultaneously collecting and drying are realized, the thin layer of the fresh bee pollen is always kept dry in the drying process, manual turning is not needed, the labor intensity is reduced, the drying efficiency is greatly improved, the breakage rate of the bee pollen is reduced, and the commodity value of the product is increased.
4. The design of the annular base is adopted and the mirror surface electroplating upright post is matched, so that the stealing and pollution of ants, centipedes and the like to the fresh pollen in the natural airing process of the fresh pollen at present are effectively avoided, and the sanitary condition of the production of the fresh pollen is improved.
5. The device design is simple, and the achievement is easy to convert and implement. When fresh pollen was gathered to single colony honeybee, can carry out continuous production through two instant drying cabinets, meet thunderstorm weather simultaneously, only need close the slide can, need not receive the powder, the adverse effect of the thunderstorm weather that also significantly reduces simultaneously to the pollen. The traditional open type pollen receiving disc is replaced, the weight of the drying box is monitored in real time by adopting a weight sensor, the drying end point of the bee pollen can be accurately judged, and insufficient drying and excessive drying are avoided.
6. The design of the solar self-heating plate and the built-in heating plate is adopted, the drying continuity of the fresh bee pollen is guaranteed, the drying time is greatly shortened by adopting the instant drying technology, and the color, the aroma and the taste of the dried pollen are well guaranteed by applying the temperature and humidity control technology. And numerical simulation and thin-layer drying model analysis are utilized, continuous real-time dynamic weighing is adopted, an adaptive control technology is adopted to realize accurate control and automatic control of the fresh bee pollen drying process, the drying end point of the pollen is accurately judged in real time, and insufficient drying and excessive drying of the pollen are avoided.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An instant drying device for fresh pollen, comprising:
a plurality of support assemblies which are uniformly arranged;
the drying box comprises a material groove, the top of the material groove is of an open box-type structure, and the bottom of the material groove is of an anti-skid structure; the material groove is placed on the plurality of supporting components, and the bottom surface of the material groove is in contact with the plurality of supporting components; an air inlet assembly is mounted on one side of the material groove, and an electromagnetic valve is mounted on the air inlet assembly; a first fan is arranged on the other side of the material groove; the sliding plate covers the opening of the material groove and can slide on the opening; the first baffle is arranged on the opening of the material groove and is positioned at one end of the sliding direction of the sliding plate; a second baffle and a self-heating plate are arranged in the material groove, and the second baffle is obliquely arranged in the material groove and is close to the first baffle;
a solar module electrically connected to the self-heating plate;
the control system comprises a programmable controller, a temperature sensor and a temperature and humidity sensor, wherein the temperature sensor is arranged in the material tank and used for monitoring the surface temperature of the pollen, and the temperature and humidity sensor is used for monitoring the temperature and humidity condition in the material tank; the programmable controller is electrically connected with the electromagnetic valve, the first fan, the solar component, the temperature sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor;
the supporting assembly comprises a supporting base, an adjusting rod, an upright post and a weight sensor; the adjusting rod is vertically fixed at the center of the top surface of the supporting base and is in threaded connection with the stand column, the adjusting rod is vertically adjusted in the stand column along the vertical direction, a weight sensor electrically connected with the programmable controller is installed above the stand column, and the weight sensor is in contact with the bottom surface of the material groove.
2. The apparatus for instantly drying fresh pollen as claimed in claim 1, wherein said supporting base is a ring base, the bottom is sealed and the liquid is added to the bottom.
3. The instant drying device for fresh pollen according to claim 1, wherein the inlet end of the electromagnetic valve is equipped with a second filter screen.
4. The device for instantly drying fresh pollen as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first fan is provided with a one-way valve and a first filter screen.
5. The device for instantly drying fresh pollen according to claim 1, wherein the sliding plate is a U-shaped sliding plate, two side plates of the U-shaped sliding plate can integrally clamp the U-shaped sliding plate on the opening of the material groove, and the two side plates of the U-shaped sliding plate are respectively in guide sliding fit with the outer side of the material groove.
6. The device for instantly drying fresh pollen as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second baffle is made of soft material.
7. The device for instantly drying fresh pollen as claimed in claim 1, wherein the self-heating plate is made of solar heat-absorbing material, the surface of the self-heating plate is designed in a continuous circular arc shape, and a heating element electrically connected with the solar module is installed inside the self-heating plate.
8. An instant drying device for fresh pollen according to any one of claims 1 to 7, operating as follows:
measuring the angle of repose of the fresh pollen, and adjusting the height of the supporting component to enable the inclination angle of the material groove to be slightly larger than the angle of repose, so that the collected fresh pollen can flow in the material groove;
contacting a first baffle in a drying box with the lower edge of a pollen remover arranged on a beehive, and adjusting the relative position of a sliding plate according to the diameter and the blanking speed of fresh bee pollen to enable the bee pollen to freely fall into a material groove, wherein the pollen is dried in the material groove under the action of a self-heating plate;
a temperature and humidity sensor in the material tank dynamically monitors the temperature and humidity condition in the material tank, when the humidity reaches a set threshold upper limit, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the first fan is started, and the humidity in the material tank is reduced; when the humidity reaches the lower limit of the set humidity threshold value, the electromagnetic valve is closed, the first fan is closed, and the dehumidifying operation is stopped;
when the temperature in the material tank monitored by the temperature and humidity sensor reaches a set threshold value and the pollen surface temperature monitored by the temperature sensor reaches a set threshold value upper limit, cooling; and when the temperature in the material tank monitored by the temperature and humidity sensor reaches a set threshold value, and when the surface temperature of the pollen monitored by the temperature sensor reaches a set threshold value lower limit, stopping cooling.
9. The instant drying device for fresh pollen as claimed in claim 8, wherein:
when the weather condition is not good, a sectional drying mode is adopted, fresh pollen is dried to critical safe moisture, then the intermediate product is collected and intensively sent to a processing plant, and deep drying is carried out by adopting vacuum pulsation or freeze drying.
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| CN101129174A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2008-02-27 | 安徽省华鼎生物科技有限公司 | Process for preparing organic selenium pine pollen |
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| CN108362092A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-03 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | A kind of Bee Pollen drying device and its drying means |
| CN208403203U (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-01-22 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | The accurate heated-air drying equipment of fruits and vegetables |
| CN208887273U (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2019-05-21 | 德兴市山农食用菌种植有限公司 | A kind of ganoderma lucidum drying frame |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101129174A (en) * | 2007-09-06 | 2008-02-27 | 安徽省华鼎生物科技有限公司 | Process for preparing organic selenium pine pollen |
| CN104820481A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-05 | 苏州携旅网络技术有限公司 | Height-adjustable notebook computer radiator |
| CN208403203U (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2019-01-22 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | The accurate heated-air drying equipment of fruits and vegetables |
| CN108362092A (en) * | 2018-02-12 | 2018-08-03 | 中国农业科学院蜜蜂研究所 | A kind of Bee Pollen drying device and its drying means |
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