CN112022925A - 五仁醇浸膏的干燥方法及一种复方益肝灵的制备方法 - Google Patents
五仁醇浸膏的干燥方法及一种复方益肝灵的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及制药技术领域,尤其涉及五仁醇浸膏的干燥方法。本发明提供的五仁醇浸膏的干燥方法包括:将五仁醇浸膏与辅料混合后,进高速混合制粒机混合,流化床干燥,获得五仁醇干粉。在特定的参数设定下,本发明提供的方法,能够使浸膏在短时间内(20~40min)得到良好的干燥,所得五仁醇干粉呈现分散的颗粒状,水分含量为2.7%~4.8%,且易粉碎。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及制药技术领域,尤其涉及五仁醇浸膏的干燥方法及一种复方益肝灵的制备方法。
背景技术
复方益肝灵胶囊是具有益肝滋肾,解毒祛湿的功效。用于肝肾阴虚,湿毒未清所致的胁痛,症见胁痛、纳差、腹胀、腰酸乏力、尿黄;慢性肝炎见上述证候者。
复方益肝灵胶囊为我国药典2015年版收录品种,中国药典标准制法是由处方水飞蓟素30g、五味子700g,以上二味,五味子加30%乙醇浸泡24小时,滤过,滤液弃去,药渣干燥,粉碎成粗粉,加75%乙醇加热回流提取三次,第一次3小时,第二次2小时,第三次1小时,合并提取液,静置48小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至相对密度为1.25~1.35(50℃)的稠膏,加90%乙醇适量,加热回流2小时,滤过,滤液静置24小时,取上清液回收乙醇至相对密度为1.25~1.35(50℃)的五仁醇稠膏,加入辅料适量,混匀,干燥,粉碎成细粉,与水飞蓟素及辅料适量混匀,制粒,干燥,装入胶囊,制得复方益肝灵胶囊。
由于制备工艺中五仁醇稠膏含油脂性成分,需要在加入适量常规辅料(淀粉、糊精等),在这样的的情况下,五仁醇稠膏的干燥是非常不容易的。例如,采用公开号为CN106123496的中国发明专利中所述的采用真空干燥箱进行干燥的方式对五仁醇浸膏进行干燥,不仅耗时较长(长达24~72h),且干燥后物料发粘、结块,极难粉碎,很不利于车间批量生产。公开号为CN109556352的中国发明专利中,采用微波真空干燥的方式对重要流浸膏进行干燥,但该方法仅适用于密度为1.15~1.22的中药流浸膏使用,而五仁醇稠膏密度为1.25~1.35,无法使用该方法。因此急需要一种复方益肝灵胶囊提取物的干燥方法,解决车间生产过程问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供五仁醇浸膏的干燥方法,在缩短干燥时间的基础上,解决干燥后的物料发粘、结块,极难粉碎的技术问题。并提供利用该干燥方法的复方益肝灵的制备方法。
本发明提供的五仁醇浸膏的干燥方法包括,运行高速混合制粒机,加入辅料进行干混,再加入五仁醇浸膏进行湿混后出料,经流化床干燥,粉碎,过筛获得五仁醇干粉;所述辅料为玉米淀粉和/或糊精;
所述高速混合制粒机的运行参数为:搅拌速度:150~170转/min;剪切速度:1400~1500转/min,
所述干混的时间为0~2min;所述湿混的时间为1.5~2.5min;
所述流化床的参数包括:干燥温度50℃~60℃,干燥时间20~40min。
相对于流化床的温度和干燥时间而言,其他参数,例如气流速度、风压大小等对干燥效果的影响不大。
本发明是在五仁醇浸膏与辅料在高速混合制粒机中充分分散的情况下,利用流化床直接干燥,减免了人工上料分装的步骤,所得的干燥物为一种分散的颗粒状介质、其水分含量低、且易粉碎。较手工操作的真空烘箱干燥方式,大大降低了劳动强度,及干燥时间,提高了生产效率。
本发明中,所述五仁醇浸膏与辅料的质量比为1:(2.0~2.25)。一些实施例中,所述五仁醇与辅料的质量比为1:2或1:2.25。
在本发明中,将稠膏与辅料进入高速混合制粒机是为了让稠膏与辅料混合均匀,同时制成颗粒,以便于流化床干燥。为了使稠膏更好的形成颗粒,必须加入稠膏质量2倍~2.25倍的辅料,并且必须使用高速混合制粒机才能实现混合、制粒操作。预实验中,发明人尝试在加入稠膏2倍的辅料后改用槽型混合机混合,但结果表明,槽型混合机的动力无法带动物料混合,完全无法实现制粒也无法上流化床干燥。进一步优化槽型混合机的参数,发现只有在辅料比例比较小的情况下,才能在槽型机中实现混合,但混合后物料呈面团状或流浸膏状,不利于后续干燥。
本发明中,所述高速混合制粒机的运行参数包括:搅拌速度:160转/min;剪切速度:1440转/min。所述湿混的时间以五仁醇浸膏开始加入高速混合制粒机开始计算。所述五仁醇浸膏进入高速混合制粒机在1min内完成。所述过筛的孔径为30目。
一些实施例中,所述辅料为玉米淀粉,所述干燥方法包括:运行高速混合制粒机,加入玉米淀粉后直接加入五仁醇浸膏进行湿混,然后出料,经流化床干燥,粉碎,过筛获得五仁醇干粉;
所述玉米淀粉与五仁醇浸膏的质量比为(2.0~2.25):1;所述高速混合制粒机的运行参数为:搅拌速度:160转/min;剪切速度:1440转/min,所述湿混的时间为2min;所述流化床的参数包括:干燥温度50℃~60℃,干燥时间20~40min。
另一些实施例中,所述辅料为玉米淀粉和糊精,所述干燥方法包括:运行高速混合制粒机,加入玉米淀粉和糊精进行干混,然后加入五仁醇浸膏进行湿混,然后出料,经流化床干燥,粉碎,过筛获得五仁醇干粉;
所述玉米淀粉与糊精的质量之和与五仁醇浸膏的质量比为(2.0~2.25):1;所述高速混合制粒机的运行参数为:搅拌速度:160转/min;剪切速度:1440转/min;所述干混的时间为1min,所述湿混的时间为2min;所述流化床的参数包括:干燥温度50℃~60℃,干燥时间20~40min。
研究表明,玉米淀粉或糊精都可以作为辅料使用,二者的比例对结果影响不大。本申请中,采用玉米淀粉对实验结果进行验证。
本发明中,所述五仁醇浸膏的制备方法,包括:
将五味子以30vol%的乙醇浸泡24小时,过滤取药渣干燥、粉碎;
以75vol%乙醇加热回流提取三次,第一次3小时,第二次2小时,第三次1小时,合并提取液,静置48小时,取上清液
回收所述上清液中的乙醇至相对密度为1.25~1.35(50℃),然后加入90vol%乙醇,加热回流提取2小时,过滤取滤液静置24小时,取上清液回收乙醇至相对密度为1.25~1.35(50℃),获得五仁醇稠膏。
本发明所述干燥方法制得的五仁醇干粉。
本发明还提供了一种复方益肝灵的制备方法,其将以本发明所述方法制得的五仁醇干粉,与水飞蓟素、辅料混合,经制粒、干燥,制得复方益肝灵胶囊内容物。
本发明提供的五仁醇浸膏的干燥方法包括:将五仁醇浸膏与辅料混合后,进高速混合制粒机混合,流化床干燥,获得五仁醇干粉。本发明提供的方法,同时采用高速混合机和流化床,在特定的参数设定下,能够使浸膏在短时间内(20~40min)得到良好的干燥,所得五仁醇干粉呈现分散的颗粒状、水分含量为2.7%~4.8%、且易粉碎;干燥后五味子含量(以五味子醇甲(C24H32O7)计)高达3.8mg/g。
具体实施方式
本发明提供了五仁醇浸膏的干燥方法,本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容,适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是,所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,它们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。
本发明采用的试材皆为普通市售品,皆可于市场购得。
下面结合实施例,进一步阐述本发明:
实施例1
五味子7kg加30%乙醇浸泡24小时,滤过,滤液弃去,药渣干燥,粉碎成粗粉,加75%乙醇加热回流提取三次,第一次3小时,第二次2小时,第三次1小时,合并提取液,静置48小时,取上清液,回收乙醇至相对密度为1.25~1.35(50℃)的稠膏,加90%乙醇适量,加热回流2小时,滤过,滤液静置24小时,取上清液回收乙醇至相对密度为1.25~1.35(50℃)的五仁醇稠膏。
实施例2干燥前处理条件优化
分别在高速混合制粒机中以及槽型混合机中,对不同混合比例下的物料进行混合,比较效果:
取实施例1中五仁醇稠膏,分别按五仁醇稠膏:玉米淀粉=1:1.25、1:1.5、1:1.75、1:2.0或1:2.25(质量比)加入玉米淀粉,分别在高速混合制粒机中混匀。高速混合制粒机的参数设定包括:搅拌速度:160转/分;剪切速度:1440转/分;物料加入顺序及方式:先加入辅料,在开启设备的情况下(搅拌速度:160转/分;剪切速度:1440转/分)缓慢加入五仁醇浸膏,控制在约1min加完,自加入玉米淀粉开始计时,设备总运行控制在2min以上出料。记录物料混合制粒情况;
另取实施例1中五仁醇稠膏,按1:1.25、1:1.5、1:1.75、1:2.0、1:2.25、1:0.5、1:0.75加入常规辅料淀粉,分别在槽型混合机中混匀。物料加入顺序及方式:先加入辅料,在开启设备的情况下缓慢加入五仁醇浸膏,控制在约1min加完,设备总运行控制在2min以上出料。记录物料混合制粒情况;
对实施例2和对比例1的混合制粒效果进行记录,结果如表1:
表1混合制粒效果
结果表明,在采用高速混合制粒机的方案中,只有当五仁醇稠膏、辅料比例达到1:2.0以上才能制成适宜的颗粒;而采用槽型混合机只能在稠膏辅料比例1:0.5以下,才能顺利运转,且只能制成流浸膏状物料,不能制成适宜的颗粒。因此,本发明采用高速混合制粒机,且五仁醇稠膏、辅料比例为达到1:(2.0~2.25)的方案。为了提高产物中有效成分的含量,以五仁醇稠膏、辅料比例为1:2.0为优选方案。
实施例3干燥条件优化
分别采用流化床、真空箱对混合后的物料进行干燥,温度均设置为50~60℃,干燥至水分低于5.0%,比较干燥效果:
组1:取实施例2中高速混合制粒机(稠膏、淀粉比例1:2.0)所制得颗粒物料,采用流化床干燥,温度50~60℃,干燥至水分低于5.0%,记录干燥时间及干燥效果;
组2:另取实施例2中高速混合制粒机(稠膏、淀粉比例1:2.0)所制得颗粒物料,采用真空箱式干燥,温度50~60℃,干燥至水分低于5.0%,记录干燥时间及干燥效果;
组3:取实施例2中采用槽型混合机(稠膏、淀粉比例1:0.5)所制得物料(该物料呈粘稠膏状,不适合采用流化床干燥),采用真空箱式干燥,温度50~60℃,干燥至水分低于5.0%,记录干燥时间及干燥效果;
其中,对于五味子含量的测定参照《高效液相色谱法操作规程》进行。
1、色谱条件与系统适用性试验
以十八烷基硅烷键合硅胶为填充剂;以甲醇-水(60:40)为流动相;检测波长为250nm,理论板数按五味子醇甲峰计算,应不得低于3000。
2、对照品溶液的制备
取五味子醇甲对照品适量,精密称定,加甲醇制成每1ml含50μg的溶液,即得。
3、供试品溶液的制备
取本品适量,研细,取适量,精密称定,置25ml量瓶中,加甲醇约23ml,密塞,称定重量,超声处理(功率300W,频率25KHz)30分钟,放冷,加甲醇至刻度,摇匀,滤过,取续滤液,即得。
4、测定法
分别精密吸取对照品溶液与供试品溶液各10μl,注入液相色谱仪,测定,即得。
对上述三组受试样品的干燥效果进行记录,结果如表2:
表2干燥效果评价
结果表明,组2~3制得的干燥产物仍成块状,经破碎后才能上机粉碎得干膏粉,给粉碎带来的困难。而组1的干燥物为一种分散的颗粒状介质、易粉碎且干燥时间大大缩短,有效成分含量上升约30%。
实施例4优选方案1
取240g实施例1中五仁醇稠膏,加入玉米淀粉480g,在高速混合制粒机中混匀。高速混合制粒机的参数设定包括:搅拌速度:160转/分;剪切速度:1440转/分;物料加入顺序及方式:在开启设备的情况下(搅拌速度:160转/分;剪切速度:1440转/分)先加入辅料,然后缓慢加入五仁醇浸膏,控制在约1min加完,自加入玉米淀粉起计时,设备总运行2min后出料。
采用流化床干燥,温度50~60℃,干燥40min,干燥后物料呈颗粒及粉末状,水分2.7%,直接上机粉碎得干膏粉。
实施例5优选方案2
取240g实施例1中五仁醇稠膏,加入玉米淀粉480g,在高速混合制粒机中混匀。高速混合制粒机的参数设定包括:搅拌速度:160转/分;剪切速度:1440转/分;物料加入顺序及方式:在开启设备的情况下(搅拌速度:160转/分;剪切速度:1440转/分)先加入辅料,缓慢加入五仁醇浸膏,控制在约1min加完,自加入玉米淀粉起计时,设备总运行2min后出料。
采用流化床干燥,温度50~60℃,干燥20min,干燥后物料呈颗粒及粉末状,水分4.8%,直接上机粉碎得干膏粉。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.五仁醇浸膏的干燥方法,其特征在于,包括:
1)、混合:高速混合状态下,加入辅料进行干混,再加入五仁醇浸膏进行湿混后出料;
2)、干燥:所述出料所得物料经流化床干燥,过筛获得分散的颗粒状五仁醇干粉;
所述高速混合的搅拌速度为150~170转/min;剪切速度为1400~1500转/min;所述干混的时间为0~2min;所述湿混的时间为1.5~2.5min;
所述辅料为玉米淀粉和/或糊精;所述五仁醇浸膏与辅料的质量比为1:(2.0~2.25);
所述流化床的参数包括:干燥温度50℃~60℃,干燥时间20~40min。
2.根据权利要求1所述的干燥方法,其特征在于,所述高速混合采用的设备为高速混合制粒机,所述搅拌速度为160转/min;剪切速度为1440转/min。
3.根据权利要求1所述的干燥方法,其特征在于,所述加入五仁醇浸膏在1min内完成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的干燥方法,其特征在于,所述流化床干燥的参数包括:50℃~60℃干燥20min,或50℃~60℃干燥40min。
5.根据权利要求1所述的干燥方法,其特征在于,所述过筛的孔径为30目。
6.根据权利要求1所述的干燥方法,其特征在于,所述辅料为玉米淀粉,所述干燥方法包括:运行高速混合制粒机,加入玉米淀粉后直接加入五仁醇浸膏进行湿混,出料,经流化床干燥,过筛获得五仁醇干粉;
所述玉米淀粉与五仁醇浸膏的质量比为(2.0~2.25):1;所述高速混合制粒机的运行参数为:搅拌速度:160转/min;剪切速度:1440转/min,所述湿混的时间为2min;所述流化床的参数包括:干燥温度50℃~60℃,干燥时间20~40min。
7.根据权利要求1所述的干燥方法,其特征在于,所述辅料为玉米淀粉和糊精,所述干燥方法包括:运行高速混合制粒机,加入玉米淀粉和糊精进行干混,然后加入五仁醇浸膏进行湿混,然后出料,经流化床干燥,过筛获得五仁醇干粉;
所述玉米淀粉与糊精的质量之和与五仁醇浸膏的质量比为(2.0~2.25):1;所述高速混合制粒机的运行参数为:搅拌速度:160转/min;剪切速度:1440转/min;所述干混的时间为1min,所述湿混的时间为2min;所述流化床的参数包括:干燥温度50℃~60℃,干燥时间20~40min。
8.根据权利要求1所述的干燥方法,其特征在于,所述五仁醇浸膏的制备方法,包括:
将五味子以30vol%的乙醇浸泡24小时,过滤取药渣干燥、粉碎;
以75vol%乙醇加热回流提取三次,第一次3小时,第二次2小时,第三次1小时,合并提取液,静置48小时,取上清液;
回收所述上清液中的乙醇至相对密度为1.25~1.35(50℃),然后加入90vol%乙醇,加热回流提取2小时,过滤取滤液静置24小时,取上清液回收乙醇至相对密度为1.25~1.35(50℃),获得五仁醇稠膏。
9.权利要求1~8任一项所述干燥方法制得的五仁醇干粉。
10.一种复方益肝灵的制备方法,其特征在于,将权利要求9所述的五仁醇干粉,与水飞蓟素、辅料混合,经制粒、干燥,制得复方益肝灵胶囊内容物。
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