CN112021441A - 一种低gi全营养棒及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种低gi全营养棒及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN112021441A CN112021441A CN202010851082.6A CN202010851082A CN112021441A CN 112021441 A CN112021441 A CN 112021441A CN 202010851082 A CN202010851082 A CN 202010851082A CN 112021441 A CN112021441 A CN 112021441A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Landscapes
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种低GI全营养棒及其制备方法,该营养棒的原料包括:杂豆粉、燕麦片、黑麦粒、藜麦、膨化黑米、奇亚籽、复合蛋白粉、高油酸葵花籽油、大豆磷脂、低聚异麦芽糖、低聚果糖、复合营养强化剂。合适的配比使得产品GI值<55。本发明采用微波辐照法处理杂豆,破坏杂豆细胞壁,释放其中的抗性淀粉,与其他组分相互协同实现低GI功效。本发明提供的低GI全营养棒在维持餐后血糖平稳的同时,可提供足够的蛋白质、热量以及维生素,具有高饱腹感、营养全面的特点。该发明工艺简单,易实施,具有良好的控制体重效果,可作为减肥期的代餐食品。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品加工领域,具体涉及一种低GI全营养棒及其制备方法。
背景技术
血糖生成指数(Glycemic Index,GI)是反映食物引起人体血糖升高程度的指标,高GI食物(GI≥70)在进入肠道后消化快、吸收好,血糖上升较快、峰值较高;而低GI食物(GI≤55)在胃肠中停留时间长,吸收率低,餐后血糖上升慢、峰值低,这意味着低GI食物消化需要的胰岛素量相应减少,从而避免血糖的剧烈波动,实现有效控制血糖。研究发现,低GI食物还具有加速脂肪分解、提供较长时间饱腹感等功能,实现降低血脂、预防肥胖、控制体重的目的。
杂豆是相对于大豆而言的其他豆类的总称,包括芸豆、绿豆、扁豆、豌豆、鹰嘴豆、红豆等。杂豆是一种低GI食品原料,与其含有大量抗性淀粉有关。抗性淀粉具有类似膳食纤维的作用,可被大肠微生物利用,产生短链脂肪酸,具有调解肠道菌群的作用。研究表明,完整的杂豆细胞在进入大肠后基本不被肠道微生物利用,发酵速率极慢,其发酵产物中短链脂肪酸含量不高,杂豆细胞中抗性淀粉的益生作用无法发挥。若采取一定技术手段,将杂豆细胞壁破坏,所得的杂豆粉可更为有效地被肠道微生物利用,发酵速度缓慢而持久,从而发挥益生作用。
营养棒一般以谷物、坚果、可可脂、蛋白粉等为主要原料,通过加工粘合剂粘合为一体,再经过成型得到的条、棒状食品。加工粘合剂一般由蔗糖、蜂蜜、炼乳、食用胶等组成,这往往导致产品的升糖指数(GI值)较高,不利于血糖的控制。
此外,健康饮食不仅需要考虑GI值,还需要兼顾食品的营养素密度。营养平衡的膳食可通过摄取多种营养素满足人体对所有营养物质的需要,因此,开发出营养均衡、口感良好且具有低升糖指数(GI值)的食品,在保健食品和功能食品等领域具有重要意义和应用前景。
中国专利CN201911082771.9(公开号:CN110959809A)公布了一种入口即化的谷物棒及其制备方法,主要原料为膨化紫米、膨化白米以及膨化黄米,配以椰浆粉、酸奶粉、蛋白粉、奇亚籽,大量的膨化谷物使得谷物棒的GI值较高,同时,配方营养成分主要为碳水化合物、蛋白质与膳食纤维,营养组成较为单一。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术存在的不足,本发明提出了低GI全营养棒,本发明的GI值为20-40,低于50,且口感好,易加工,营养全面。
本发明提出的一种GI全营养棒,其原料按重量份包括:复合谷物25-35份,复合蛋白粉8-16份,杂豆粉8-12份,复合甜味剂12-16份,高油酸葵花籽油8-10份,奇亚籽3-5份,魔芋粉3-5份,蔓越莓粉1-5份,大豆磷脂0.0002-0.0003份,复合营养强化剂0.3009-0.5017份。
优选地,复合谷物26-32份,复合蛋白粉10-16份,杂豆粉10-12份,大豆磷脂0.0002份。
优选地,复合谷物包括燕麦片10-15份,黑麦粒5-10份,藜麦3-5份,膨化黑米3-5份。
优选地,复合蛋白粉包括大豆蛋白4-8份,浓缩乳清蛋白4-8份。
优选地,杂豆粉包括白芸豆粉、红豆粉、蚕豆粉和鹰嘴豆粉中的至少一种。
进一步地,杂豆粉的制备包括如下步骤:
(1)将杂豆粉碎过60-80目筛,制得杂豆粗颗粒;
(2)将粗颗粒置于水中浸泡8-10h,浸泡时料液比为1:1.5-1:3(w/v);
(3)将浸泡后的粗颗粒进行微波辐照处理,微波功率为40-60KW,微波时间为1-2min;
(4)将粗颗粒进一步粉碎过80-100目筛,得到杂豆粉。
优选地,所述杂豆粉的抗性淀粉的质量分数为25%-30%。
优选地,复合甜味剂低聚异麦芽糖与低聚果糖的重量比为1:0.8-1.2。
优选地,复合营养强化剂包括维生素A 0.00025-0.0004份,维生素B10.0003-0.0006份,维生素B2 0.00035-0.0007份,钙0.3-0.5份。
进一步地,所述低GI全营养棒通过如下步骤获得:
(1)糖浆配制:将复合甜味剂、高油酸葵花籽油、大豆磷脂、复合蛋白粉、复合营养强化剂混合,加入适量水,充分搅拌得到糖浆混合液;
(2)加热熬制:将糖浆混合液加热至130℃~150℃,熬煮1.5~3min,形成均一糖油浓浆;
(3)物料混合:将复合谷物、杂豆粉、奇亚籽、魔芋粉、蔓越莓粉加入步骤(2)所得的混合糖油浓浆中,混合均匀;
(4)挤压成型:将步骤(3)所得的物料倒入模具,充分压制,冷却即可得到低GI全营养棒。
优选地,所述低GI全营养棒,其GI值为20-40,蛋白含量8-15g/100g,维生素强化量0.9-1.7mg/100g,钙强化量0.3-0.5g/100g,能量1200-1450kJ/100g。更优选地,所述低GI全营养棒,其GI值为25-37,蛋白含量11.2-17.5g/100g,维生素强化量0.9-1.7mg/100g,钙强化量0.3-0.5g/100g,能量1290-1405kJ/100g。
优选地,所述杂豆粉通过微波处理后有利于释放杂豆细胞中的抗性淀粉,增强全营养棒的益生作用。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点在于:
(1)本发明提供的低GI全营养棒,通过将杂豆进行微波辐照处理,有利于破除杂豆细胞壁,释放其中的抗性淀粉,具有调节肠道菌群的功能。
(2)本发明提供的低GI全营养棒,通过将杂豆粉,燕麦片,黑麦粒,藜麦,奇亚籽,魔芋粉等低GI高纤维食品原料进行复配,组分之间相互协同实现低GI功效,可提供较强的饱腹感和控制餐后血糖。
(3)本发明提供的低GI全营养棒,通过添加复合蛋白粉和复合营养强化剂,不仅可提供足够的能量,同时,可满足全营养需求。
(4)本发明提供的低GI全营养棒,以低聚异麦芽糖与低聚果糖作为加工粘合剂,在发挥高粘性的同时,还可与杂豆粉共同改善肠道内环境的功能。
具体实施方式
为了更好的理解本发明,下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明,但本发明要求保护的范围并不仅仅局限于实施例表述的范围。
实施例中通过实验测定样品的GI值,测试方法说明如下:
准确称取600mg测试样品于50mL带盖离心管中,加入10mL乙酸钠缓冲溶液(pH5.2,0.1M)和3粒玻璃珠,涡旋混匀后,放于37℃恒温震荡水浴锅30min,加入含有猪胰酶和葡萄糖淀粉酶的混合酶5mL,充分涡旋,放于37℃恒温震荡水浴锅中消化水解并准确计时,水解20、40、60、80、100和120min后分别取出250μL水解液用GOPOD试剂盒测定葡萄糖含量。
GI的计算过程如下:
样品的水解动力学可表述为:
C=C∞(1-e-kt)
其中:C——在水解时间t下的样品水解率;
C∞——最终水解时间(120min)时的平衡浓度;
k——动力学常数;
t——水解时间。
其中:tf——最终时间;
t0——初始时间。
最后,根据GI=8.198+(0.862×HI),计算得到GI值。
实施例所用杂豆粉的制备包括如下步骤:
白芸豆粉的制备:
(1)选取成熟无虫蛀的白芸豆,粉碎过60目筛,制得白芸豆粗颗粒;
(2)将粗颗粒置于水中浸泡10h,浸泡时料液比为1:2.5(w/v);
(3)将浸泡后的粗颗粒进行微波辐照处理,微波功率为40KW,微波时间为2min;
(4)将粗颗粒进一步粉碎过80目筛,得到白芸豆粉。
红豆粉的制备:
(1)选取成熟饱满无虫蛀的红豆,粉碎过80目筛,制得红豆粗颗粒;
(2)将粗颗粒置于水中浸泡8h,浸泡时料液比为1:1.5(w/v);
(3)将浸泡后的粗颗粒进行微波辐照处理,微波功率为60KW,微波时间为1min;
(4)将粗颗粒进一步粉碎过100目筛,得到红豆粉。
鹰嘴豆粉的制备:
(1)选取成熟无虫蛀的鹰嘴豆,粉碎过60目筛,制得鹰嘴豆粗颗粒;
(2)将粗颗粒置于水中浸泡8h,浸泡时料液比为1:3(w/v);
(3)将浸泡后的粗颗粒进行微波辐照处理,微波功率为50KW,微波时间为1.5min;
(4)将粗颗粒进一步粉碎过100目筛,得到鹰嘴豆粉。
制备所得杂豆粉的抗性淀粉含量在25%-30%。
对比例与实施例的感官评价结果如表1所示。评价方法为:选择20名18-30岁健康成年人,男女各半,体质指数在18.5kg/m2~23.9kg/m2之间,分别早上8点,空腹状态下,食用30g对比例1、2以及实施例1-3的样品,对样品的外观、口感、饱腹感进行评分,取平均值进行比较。各项指标满分均为10分,外观以颗粒均匀、致密为佳;口感以甜度适中、细腻不粗糙为佳;饱腹感的评定分为两个阶段,志愿者需在食用样品后10min与2h分别对饱腹感进行评价。
表1实施例与对比例感官评价表
对比例1
参考中国专利CN201911082771.9(公开号:CN110959809A)公布的一种入口即化的谷物棒,制备过程包括如下步骤:
按照质量份数,膨化紫米20份、膨化白米13份、膨化黄米10份、奇亚籽3份、大豆分离蛋白3.5份、糖粉2.5份、椰浆粉5.5份、燕麦粉2份、酸奶粉5份、果葡糖浆5份、低聚异麦芽糖18份、抗性糊精5份、甘油3.5份、磷脂0.3份、葵花籽油3份。
(1)将膨化紫米、膨化白米、膨化黄米、奇亚籽、大豆分离蛋白、糖粉、椰浆粉、燕麦粉、酸奶粉混合均匀;
(2)将果葡糖浆、低聚异麦芽糖、抗性糊精、甘油、磷脂、葵花籽油溶于水,搅拌,加热至105℃,熬制25min后,冷却至75℃,得到浆料;
(3)将步骤(1)所得混合物加入至浆料中,保持在75℃搅拌4min,得到混合料;
(4)将混合料充分压制,冷却,分割,得到入口即化的谷物棒。
所得谷物棒外观致密,颗粒均匀,膨化谷物风味浓郁,总体口感偏甜,经测试,产品GI值高于55。
对比例2
一种谷物棒的制备,包括如下步骤:
按照质量份数,燕麦片20份、黑麦粒10份、藜麦5份、蔓越莓粉5份、膨化黑米5份、奇亚籽3份、魔芋粉3份、低聚异麦芽糖8份、低聚果糖8份、高油酸葵花籽油10份、大豆磷脂0.0003份、大豆蛋白4份、浓缩乳清蛋白6份。
(1)将低聚异麦芽糖、低聚果糖、高油酸葵花籽油、大豆磷脂、大豆蛋白与浓缩乳清蛋白混合,加入水,充分搅拌得到糖浆混合液;
(2)将混合液加热至130℃~150℃,熬煮2min,形成均一糖油浓浆;
(3)将燕麦片、黑麦粒、藜麦、膨化黑米、蔓越莓粉、奇亚籽、膨化黑米、魔芋粉预拌均匀,加入步骤(2)所得的混合糖油浓浆中,混合均匀;
(4)将步骤(3)所得的物料倒入模具,充分压制,冷却即可得到谷物棒。
所得谷物棒外观较为致密,颗粒分布差异较大,风味良好,但口味偏甜,食用时粗糙感较明显,经测试,产品GI值为42,属于低GI食物。
实施例1
低GI全营养棒的制备,包括如下步骤:
按照质量份数,燕麦片15份、黑麦粒5份、藜麦5份、白芸豆粉5份、红豆粉5份、蔓越莓粉5份、膨化黑米5份、奇亚籽3份、魔芋粉3份、低聚异麦芽糖8份、低聚果糖8份、高油酸葵花籽油10份、大豆磷脂0.0003份、大豆蛋白4份、浓缩乳清蛋白6份、维生素A 0.0004份、维生素B1 0.0006份、维生素B2 0.0007份、钙0.5份。
(1)将低聚异麦芽糖、低聚果糖、高油酸葵花籽油、大豆磷脂、大豆蛋白、浓缩乳清蛋白与复合营养强化剂混合,加入水,充分搅拌得到糖浆混合液;
(2)将混合液加热至130℃~150℃,熬煮2.5min,形成均一糖油浓浆;
(3)将燕麦片、黑麦粒、藜麦、白芸豆粉、红豆粉、蔓越莓粉、奇亚籽、膨化黑米、魔芋粉预拌均匀,加入步骤(2)所得的混合糖油浓浆中,混合均匀;
(4)将步骤(3)所得的物料倒入模具,充分压制,冷却即可得到低GI全营养棒。
所得低GI全营养棒外观致密,颗粒较为均匀,风味浓郁,但口味偏甜,食用时略有粗糙感,蛋白质含量为11.2g/100g,维生素强化量1.7mg/100g,钙强化量0.5g/100g,能量为1290kJ/100g。经测试,产品GI值为25,属于低GI食物。
实施例2
低GI全营养棒的制备,包括如下步骤:
按照质量份数,燕麦片10份、黑麦粒10份、藜麦3份、白芸豆粉6份、鹰嘴豆粉6份、膨化黑米3份、蔓越莓粉3份、奇亚籽5份、魔芋粉5份、低聚异麦芽糖6.7份、低聚果糖5.3份、高油酸葵花籽油8份、大豆蛋白8份、浓缩乳清蛋白8份、大豆磷脂0.0002份、维生素A 0.00025份、维生素B1 0.0003份、维生素B2 0.00035份、钙0.3份。
(1)将低聚异麦芽糖、低聚果糖、高油酸葵花籽油、大豆磷脂、大豆蛋白、浓缩乳清蛋白与复合营养强化剂混合,加入水,充分搅拌得到糖浆混合液;
(2)将混合液加热至130℃~150℃,熬煮2min,形成均一糖油浓浆;
(3)将燕麦片、黑麦粒、藜麦、白芸豆粉、鹰嘴豆粉、膨化黑米、蔓越莓粉、奇亚籽、膨化黑米、魔芋粉预拌均匀,加入步骤(2)所得的混合糖油浓浆中,混合均匀;
(4)将步骤(3)所得的物料倒入模具,充分压制,冷却即可得到低GI全营养棒。
所得低GI全营养棒外观较为致密,颗粒分布差异较大,风味良好,甜度适中,咀嚼感良好,蛋白质含量为17.5g/100g,维生素强化量0.9mg/100g,钙强化量0.3g/100g,能量为1316kJ/100g。经测试,产品GI值为37,属于低GI食物。
实施例3
低GI全营养棒的制备,包括如下步骤:
按照质量份数,燕麦片12份、黑麦粒10份、白芸豆粉8份、藜麦5份、奇亚籽5份、膨化黑米5份、魔芋粉5份、蔓越莓粉1份、低聚异麦芽糖7.3份、低聚果糖8.7份、高油酸葵花籽油9份、大豆蛋白8份、浓缩乳清蛋白4份、大豆磷脂0.0002份、维生素A 0.0003份、维生素B10.0005份、维生素B2 0.0005份、钙0.4份。
(1)将低聚异麦芽糖、低聚果糖、高油酸葵花籽油、大豆磷脂、大豆蛋白、浓缩乳清蛋白与复合营养强化剂混合,加入水,充分搅拌得到糖浆混合液;
(2)将混合液加热至130℃~150℃,熬煮3min,形成均一糖油浓浆;
(3)将燕麦片、黑麦粒、藜麦、白芸豆粉、红豆粉、蔓越莓粉、奇亚籽、膨化黑米、魔芋粉预拌均匀,加入步骤(2)所得的混合糖油浓浆中,混合均匀;
(4)将步骤(3)所得的物料倒入模具,充分压制,冷却即可得到低GI全营养棒。
所得低GI全营养棒外观致密,颗粒分布较为均匀,风味良好,甜度较低,咀嚼感良好,蛋白质含量为13g/100g,维生素强化量1.3mg/100g,钙强化量0.4g/100g,能量为1405kJ/100g。经测试,产品GI值为32,属于低GI食物。
依据GI值计算结果及感官评价结果,实施例的GI值明显低于对比例2,说明本发明增加微波辐照处理的杂豆粉,可以降低全营养棒的GI值;实施例的GI值明显低于对比例1,并且,饱腹感维持时间更长,说明本发明将杂豆粉、燕麦片、黑麦粒、藜麦、奇亚籽、魔芋粉等高纤维食品原料复配,以低聚异麦芽糖与低聚果糖作为加工粘合剂,可以实现低GI功效,提供较强的饱腹感,利于餐后血糖的控制与稳定;此外,实施例的营养成分相较对比例更为全面、丰富,不仅可以提供足够的能量,还可以满足人体对多种营养素的需求。
本说明书中用一般性说明及具体实施方案对本发明作了详细描述,但在本发明基础上,可适当修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的适当修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种低GI全营养棒,其特征在于,其原料按重量份包括:复合谷物25-35份,复合蛋白粉8-16份,杂豆粉8-12份,复合甜味剂12-16份,高油酸葵花籽油8-10份,奇亚籽3-5份,魔芋粉3-5份,蔓越莓粉1-5份,复合营养强化剂0.3009-0.5017份,大豆磷脂0.0002-0.0003份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低GI全营养棒,其特征在于,所述复合谷物包括燕麦片10-15份,黑麦粒5-10份,藜麦3-5份,膨化黑米3-5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的低GI全营养棒,其特征在于,所述复合蛋白粉包括大豆蛋白4-8份,浓缩乳清蛋白4-8份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的低GI全营养棒,其特征在于,所述杂豆粉包括白芸豆粉、红豆粉、蚕豆粉和鹰嘴豆粉中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的低GI全营养棒,其特征在于,所述杂豆粉的制备包括如下步骤:
(1)将杂豆粉碎过60-80目筛,制得杂豆粗颗粒;
(2)将步骤(1)所述粗颗粒置于水中浸泡8-10h,浸泡时料液比为1:1.5-1:3(w/v);
(3)将步骤(2)所述浸泡后的粗颗粒进行微波辐照处理,微波功率为40-60KW,微波时间为1-2min;
(4)将步骤(3)所述微波辐照后的粗颗粒进一步粉碎过80-100目筛,得到杂豆粉。
6.根据权利要求1所述的低GI全营养棒,其特征在于,所述杂豆粉的抗性淀粉的质量分数为25%-30%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的低GI全营养棒,其特征在于,所述复合甜味剂包括重量比为1:0.8-1.2的低聚异麦芽糖与低聚果糖。
8.根据权利要求1所述的低GI全营养棒,其特征在于,所述复合营养强化剂包括维生素A 0.00025-0.0004份,维生素B1 0.0003-0.0006份,维生素B20.00035-0.0007份,钙0.3-0.5份。
9.根据权利要求1所述的低GI全营养棒,其特征在于,所述全营养棒的GI值为20-40,蛋白含量8-15g/100g,维生素强化量0.9-1.7mg/100g,钙强化量0.3-0.5g/100g,能量1200-1450kJ/100g。
10.权利要求1-9任一项所述的低GI全营养棒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述低GI全营养棒通过如下步骤获得:
(1)糖浆配制:将复合甜味剂与高油酸葵花籽油、大豆磷脂、复合蛋白粉、复合营养强化剂混合,加入水,充分搅拌得到糖浆混合液;
(2)加热熬制:将糖浆混合液加热至130℃~150℃,熬煮1.5~3min,形成均一糖油浓浆;
(3)物料混合:将复合谷物、杂豆粉、奇亚籽、魔芋粉、蔓越莓粉加入步骤(2)所得的混合糖油浓浆中,混合均匀;
(4)挤压成型:将步骤(3)所得的物料倒入模具,充分压制,冷却即可得到低GI全营养棒。
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