CN112021106A

CN112021106A - Dry rice planting method

Info

Publication number: CN112021106A
Application number: CN202010926928.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金哲南; 何圣萌
Original assignee: Dengta Glory Agricultural Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Dengta Glory Agricultural Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-07
Filing date: 2020-09-07
Publication date: 2020-12-04

Abstract

The invention discloses a dry rice planting method, which comprises the following steps: (1) soil preparation; (2) treating the seeds of the upland rice; (3) treating the mulching film; (4) film mulching and sowing; (5) water in a pipeline; (6) fertilizing; (7) killing pests. The dry rice planting method provided by the invention is optimized and improved, and reasonable water management and fertilization are carried out on dry rice, so that the rice yield is increased by more than 30%, the growth period of 8-10 days is shortened, water can be saved by 70%, the quality and yield of the dry rice can be effectively improved, the waste of water resources is reduced, and the agricultural yield and income increase are promoted.

Description

Dry rice planting method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of crop planting, and particularly relates to a dry rice planting method.

Background

With the rapid growth of population and economy, the food demand in china will grow linearly. China is the largest developing country in the world, more than 65% of people use rice as staple food, the rice consumption is large, but the existing rice planting area and yield are limited and cannot meet the requirement of increasingly developed agriculture, so that under the condition that the rice area is reduced year by year, the rapid popularization and planting of the upland rice is very necessary.

Dry rice, also known as upland rice, is drought-tolerant, suitable for cultivated rice planted in dry land, can be grown in countless dry land, sloping land and drought ecological environment, and is a variant of rice. Although the requirements of the growth of the upland rice on light and temperature are similar to those of the paddy rice, the upland rice does not need a water layer all the time, but is different from the paddy rice growing in a paddy field, so that the upland rice can be planted in the upland field, seedling raising and transplanting operation procedures are not needed, except precipitation, only irrigation is needed when meeting drought in tillering, booting and grouting periods, the water demand in the whole growth period is only 1/4 of that of the water seeds, water and labor are saved, but at present, most of the upland rice have longer growth period, the water demand in some arid regions is larger, the yield is lower, and therefore, a novel upland rice planting method is found, and the method can bring about a positive and far-reaching influence on the upl.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a simple and feasible dry rice planting method with strong application and popularization values, the dry rice planting method can shorten the growth period of dry rice, reduce the planting procedures, reduce the water resource waste, and ensure that the harvested rice has full rice ear particles, thereby greatly improving the yield and quality of the dry rice, remarkably improving the economic benefit of planting and being beneficial to the healthy development of the dry rice industry.

The invention aims at the problems mentioned in the technology, and adopts the following technical scheme.

(1) Land preparation: the land is rotated according to soil moisture content at proper time before sowing, the tilling depth is 15-20cm, and the land is rotated and then sowed after laser leveling.

(2) Treating the seeds of the upland rice: soaking the dry rice seeds in clear water for 7 days, draining the seeds, airing, and soaking the dry rice seeds in sterile water with the mass percent of 2-5% of compound sodium nitrophenolate for 15-22 h to obtain the dry rice seeds to be sowed.

(3) And (3) mulching film treatment: and (3) bonding a group of 4-6 seeds on the mulching film by using glue, and then forming notches on the mulching film on the two sides of the seeds.

(4) Film mulching and sowing: covering the side of the mulching film with the seeds on the soil surface, and then paving the soil on the mulching film.

(5) Water management: watering for the first time after seeding, and watering for the second time in the tillering stage.

(6) Fertilizing: the base fertilizer is chicken manure fermented for half a year, the chicken manure is applied after being dried in the air, 50 kilograms of base fertilizer is applied per mu, and 6.5 kilograms of urea is applied per mu in the 2-leaf stage of the first topdressing; in the second topdressing, 6.5 kg of urea and 10 kg of 60% potassium chloride are applied per mu in the initial stage of jointing.

(7) Killing insects: after 10 days at the beginning of meiosis, 10 g of 10% difenoconazole, 10 ml of 20% chlorantraniliprole and 75-100 g of 20% tricyclazole wettable powder are mixed with 45 liters of water for spraying per mu.

Further, the glue in the step (3) is composed of vinyl acetate, butyl acrylate, methyl meta-acrylate, methanol and ethanol.

Further, the mulching film in the step (3) is black in color, and the specific components of the mulching film comprise polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polylactic acid and black masterbatch.

Further, the width of the mulching film in the step (3) is 2.1m, and the seeds are bonded in a mode of 1 film, 7 lines, 30cm and other line distances and 20cm of seed distances.

Further, when the seeds are bonded in the step (3), the bactericide and the seeds are bonded on the mulching film at the same time.

Furthermore, in the step (3), the plastic film is punched at the positions of 0.5cm-1cm on the two sides of the bonded seeds, and the plastic film is cut into gaps with the length of 4 cm.

Further, the thickness of the soil paved on the mulching film in the step (4) is 1-2 cm.

Further, the water diversion amount of the twice watering in the step (5) is that the water depth reaches 6-7 cm.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows.

1. The dry rice planting technology disclosed by the invention adopts a film mulching mode for sowing, so that the light action of weeds and sunlight is effectively isolated, the growth of the weeds is inhibited, the weeding steps are reduced, the fertilizer loss is reduced, the full period is only required to be topdressed for 2 times, and the investment in weeding and fertilizing aspects, such as fund, time, labor and the like, is reduced.

2. The dry rice planting technology disclosed by the invention irrigates the paved mulching film during irrigation, water enters the mulching film along the opening of the mulching film, and the mulching film has a covering effect on a well irrigated field, so that the water loss is effectively prevented, the traditional four-time irrigation of dry rice is replaced, the dry rice planting method only needs two times of irrigation, the water resource is saved, and the labor intensity is greatly reduced.

3. The dry rice planting technology disclosed by the invention adopts the degradable full-biodegradable black mulching film, so that the heat of sunlight is absorbed conveniently, the field is insulated, the growth of seeds and seedlings is facilitated, the survival rate of the seedlings and the seedlings is increased, the growth period is shortened, the yield is improved, the mulching film is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide in a specified time through the action of microorganisms in the field, no residue is generated, and the white pollution brought to the field by the traditional PE film is avoided.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

Example 1

A dry rice planting technology comprises the following steps.

(1) Land preparation: the soil is rotated at proper time according to soil moisture content before sowing, the tilling depth is 15cm, and the soil is rotated and then the land is sowed after laser leveling.

(2) Treating the seeds of the upland rice: soaking the dry rice seeds in clear water for 7 days, draining water and airing the seeds, and soaking the dry rice seeds in sterile water with the mass percent of 2% of compound sodium nitrophenolate for 15 hours to obtain the dry rice seeds to be sowed.

(3) And (3) mulching film treatment: a group of 4 seeds are adhered to the mulching film by glue, and then the mulching film on the two sides of the seeds is provided with notches.

(7) Killing insects: after 10 days at the beginning of meiosis, 10 g of 10% difenoconazole, 10 ml of 20% chlorantraniliprole and 75 g of 20% tricyclazole wettable powder are mixed with 45L of water for spraying per mu.

In this embodiment, the glue in step (3) is composed of vinyl acetate, butyl acrylate, methyl meta-acrylate, methanol, and ethanol.

In the embodiment, the mulching film in the step (3) is black in color, and the specific components of the mulching film comprise polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polylactic acid and black masterbatch.

In this embodiment, the width of the mulching film in the step (3) is 2.1m, and the seeds are bonded in a manner of 1 film with 7 rows, 30cm with equal row spacing, and 20cm with equal seed spacing.

In this embodiment, the bactericide and the seeds are simultaneously adhered to the mulching film while adhering the seeds in the step (3).

In this embodiment, the plastic film punching position in step (3) is at 0.5cm position on both sides of the bonded seeds, and the plastic film is cut into a notch with a length of 4 cm.

In this embodiment, the thickness of the soil laid on the mulching film in the step (4) is 1 cm.

In this embodiment, the water diversion amount of the twice watering in the step (5) is that the water depth reaches 6 cm.

Example 2

A dry rice planting technology comprises the following steps.

(1) Land preparation: the land is rotated at proper time and the tilling depth is 20cm according to the soil moisture content before sowing, and the land is sowed after the land is rotated and the laser is leveled.

(2) Treating the seeds of the upland rice: soaking the dry rice seeds in clear water for 7 days, draining water and airing the seeds, and soaking the dry rice seeds in sterile water containing 5% of compound sodium nitrophenolate by mass for 22 hours to obtain the dry rice seeds to be sowed.

(3) And (3) mulching film treatment: a group of 6 seeds are adhered to the mulching film by glue, and then the mulching film on the two sides of the seeds is provided with notches.

(6) Fertilizing: the base fertilizer is chicken manure fermented for half a year, after being dried in the air, the chicken manure is applied, 75 kilograms of base fertilizer is applied per mu, and 6.5 kilograms of urea is applied per mu in the 2-leaf stage of the first topdressing; in the second topdressing, 13 kilograms of urea is applied per mu in the 4-leaf stage; 6.5 kilograms of urea and 10 kilograms of 60 percent potassium chloride are applied to each mu in the initial stage of jointing for the third time; in the fourth topdressing, 13 kg of urea and 10 kg of 60% potassium chloride are applied per mu in the initial stage of meiosis.

(7) Killing insects: after 10 days at the beginning of meiosis, 10 g of 10% difenoconazole, 10 ml of 20% chlorantraniliprole and 100 g of 20% tricyclazole wettable powder are mixed with 45L of water for spraying per mu.

In this embodiment, in the step (3), the plastic film is perforated at a position 1cm away from both sides of the bonded seeds, and a notch with a length of 4cm is cut in the plastic film.

In this embodiment, the thickness of the soil laid on the mulching film in the step (4) is 2 cm.

In this embodiment, the water diversion amount of the twice watering in the step (5) is that the water depth reaches 7 cm.

Example 3

A dry rice planting technology comprises the following steps.

(1) Land preparation: the soil is rotated at proper time and the tilling depth is 17cm according to the soil moisture content before sowing, and the soil is rotated and then the soil is sowed after laser leveling.

(2) Treating the seeds of the upland rice: soaking the dry rice seeds in clear water for 7 days, draining water and airing the seeds, and soaking the dry rice seeds in sterile water with the mass percent of 4% of compound sodium nitrophenolate for 18 hours to obtain the dry rice seeds to be sowed.

(3) And (3) mulching film treatment: a group of 5 seeds are adhered to the mulching film by glue, and then the mulching film on the two sides of the seeds is provided with notches.

(5) Water management: watering for the first time after seeding, and watering for the second time in a tillering stage;

(6) fertilizing: the base fertilizer is chicken manure fermented for half a year, after being dried in the air, the chicken manure is applied, 62 kg of base fertilizer is applied per mu, and 6.5 kg of urea is applied per mu in the 2-leaf stage of the first topdressing; in the second topdressing, 13 kilograms of urea is applied per mu in the 4-leaf stage; 6.5 kilograms of urea and 10 kilograms of 60 percent potassium chloride are applied to each mu in the initial stage of jointing for the third time; in the fourth topdressing, 13 kg of urea and 10 kg of 60% potassium chloride are applied per mu in the initial stage of meiosis.

(7) Killing insects: after 10 days at the beginning of meiosis, adding 88 g of 10% difenoconazole, 10 ml of 20% chlorantraniliprole and 20% tricyclazole wettable powder into 45 l of water for spraying per mu;

In this embodiment, the plastic film punching position in step (3) is at 0.8cm position on both sides of the bonded seeds, and the plastic film is cut into a notch with a length of 4 cm.

In this embodiment, the thickness of the soil paved on the mulching film in the step (4) is 1.5 cm.

In the embodiment, the water diversion amount of the twice watering in the step (5) is that the water depth reaches 6.5 cm.

Comparative example

Traditional dry rice planting method.

The same variety of upland rice was cultivated by the upland rice cultivation methods described in example 1, example 2, example 3 and comparative example, respectively, and the results are shown in table 1.

TABLE 1

	Average dry rice yield/mu	Average water diversion per mu in full growth cycle	Average growth cycle	Whether or not to weed	Frequency of top application
						Example 1	1300kg	490m³	142 days	Does not need to use	2 times (one time)
Example 2	1400kg	410m³	138 days	Does not need to use	2 times (one time)
						Example 3	1350kg	500m³	140 days	Does not need to use	2 times (one time)
Comparative example	1200kg	1000m³	150 days	Need to make sure that	4 times (twice)

As can be seen from the table 1, compared with the traditional dry rice planting method, the dry rice planted by the method has the characteristics of high yield, low water demand, short growth cycle, no need of weeding, less additional fertilization times and the like.

Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A planting method of upland rice is characterized by comprising the following steps:

(1) land preparation: rotating the soil in time according to soil moisture content before sowing, wherein the tilling depth is 15-20cm, and after rotating the soil, performing laser leveling and waiting for sowing;

(2) treating the seeds of the upland rice: soaking the dry rice seeds in clear water for 7 days, draining the seeds, airing, and soaking the dry rice seeds in sterile water with the mass percent of 2-5% of compound sodium nitrophenolate for 15-22 h to obtain dry rice seeds to be sowed;

(3) and (3) mulching film treatment: adhering a group of 4-6 seeds on the mulching film by using glue, and then forming notches on the mulching film on the two sides of the seeds;

(4) film mulching and sowing: covering the side of the mulching film with the seeds on the soil surface, and then paving the soil on the mulching film;

(6) fertilizing: the base fertilizer is chicken manure fermented for half a year, the chicken manure is applied after being dried in the air, 50 kilograms of base fertilizer is applied per mu, and 6.5 kilograms of urea is applied per mu in the 2-leaf stage of the first topdressing; 6.5 kilograms of urea and 10 kilograms of 60 percent potassium chloride are applied to each mu in the initial stage of jointing for the second time;

2. The planting method of upland rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the glue component in said step (3) is composed of vinyl acetate, butyl acrylate, methyl meta-acrylate, methanol and ethanol.

3. The method for planting upland rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein said mulching film in step (3) is black in color, and comprises polybutylene adipate terephthalate, polylactic acid and black masterbatch.

4. The upland rice planting method according to claim 1, wherein said mulching film in step (3) has a width of 2.1m, and seeds are adhered at a row spacing of 20cm and a row spacing of 7 rows and 30cm of 1 film.

5. The method for planting upland rice as claimed in claim 1, characterized by that in the step (3) the seeds are stuck, at the same time the fungicide and the seeds are stuck on the mulch film.

6. The method for planting upland rice as claimed in claim 1, characterized by that in said step (3), the plastic film is perforated at the position of 0.5cm-1cm from two sides of said stuck seed, and the plastic film is cut into the notch whose length is 4 cm.

7. The upland rice planting method according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the soil covered on the mulching film in the step (4) is 1-2 cm.

8. The planting method of the upland rice as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the amount of water drawn by two watering operations in said step (5) is up to a depth of 6-7 cm.