CN112011132A - 一种固体介质阻尼器 - Google Patents

一种固体介质阻尼器 Download PDF

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CN112011132A
CN112011132A CN202010785239.XA CN202010785239A CN112011132A CN 112011132 A CN112011132 A CN 112011132A CN 202010785239 A CN202010785239 A CN 202010785239A CN 112011132 A CN112011132 A CN 112011132A
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杨魁
蒋龙飞
王帅
李东辉
任为
贾明芬
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Abstract

本发明提供一种固体介质阻尼器,包括带空腔的缸体,设置在缸体空腔中的活塞,其特征在于所述活塞两端设有与其连为一体的左、右导杆,左、右导杆上通过耐磨环设有对应的左、右堵头,并在左、右堵头与对应的活塞端之间形成左、右腔室,左、右腔室内填充固体阻尼介质,且左、右腔室通过活塞与缸体之间的间隙相互连通,使左、右腔室内的固体阻尼介质在受力情况下能够相互移动。用于在耗散进入结构中的能量、减小结构振动、保护主体结构安全的同时,从根本上解决现有技术用硅油减振带来的硅油泄漏、导致阻尼器失效的问题,提高阻尼器的稳定性能,延长使用寿命,降低密封要求。

Description

一种固体介质阻尼器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种固体介质阻尼器,属于减震技术领域。
背景技术
结构减震被动控制技术因其具有降低地震能量对构筑物破坏作用的显著优点,在土木工程抗震领域具有较好的应用前景,受到了工程界的广泛关注。其中,粘滞阻尼器已经被广泛应用于许多工程。传统的粘滞阻尼器具有低刚度、高阻尼的特点,其减震机理为通过阻尼介质的粘滞特性和孔缩效应来耗散进入结构中的能量,从而达到减小结构振动、保护主体结构安全的目的。但现有技术的粘滞阻尼器主要以硅油为阻尼介质,这不仅对密封的要求较高,而且在静置状态下、使用过程中不可避免地会出现硅油泄漏,使阻尼器的耗能效果减弱,甚至导致阻尼器失效。
发明内容
为克服现有粘滞阻尼器的不足和缺陷,本发明要解决的问题是提供一种固体介质阻尼器。
本发明解决其技术问题采用的技术方案是:一种固体介质阻尼器,包括带空腔的缸体,设置在缸体空腔中的活塞,其特征在于所述活塞两端设有与其连为一体的左、右导杆,左、右导杆上通过耐磨环设有对应的左、右堵头,并在左、右堵头与对应的活塞端之间形成左、右腔室,左、右腔室内填充固体阻尼介质,且左、右腔室通过活塞与缸体之间的间隙相互连通,使左、右腔室内的固体阻尼介质在受力情况下能够相互移动,用于在耗散进入结构中的能量、减小结构振动、保护主体结构安全的同时,不会外泄固体介质。
所述活塞导杆的左端与左连接头相连、右端置于右连接头的空腔中,左、右连接头分别通过轴承与建筑物上的连接构件相连。
所述左、右堵头与导杆之间的耐磨件为常规产品。
所述固体介质由以下重量份数的原料制成:
粘弹性材料 30~40份 散热剂 20~30份
消能剂 20~30份 模量调节剂 10~20份
抗氧剂 1~5份。
所述粘弹性材料为卤化丁基橡胶、CPE、SEBS、TPV、TPU、天然橡胶、硅橡胶、氟橡胶、POE中的一种或几种,且几种的配比是任意的。
所述散热剂为铜粉、银粉、石墨烯、碳纤维、氧化锌、氧化镁、云母粉中的一种或几种,且几种配合时,铜粉的比例不低于30%。
所述消能剂为萜烯树脂、酚醛树脂、C5树脂、C9树脂、氢化碳氢树脂中的一种或几种,且几种配合时,C5树脂的比例不低于30%。
所述模量调节剂为炭黑、白炭黑、机油、润滑油、二硫化钼、二丁酯、二辛酯中的一种或几种,且几种的配比是任意的。
所述机油、润滑油是常规的任意一种。
所述抗氧剂为二苯胺、对苯二胺、双十二碳醇酯、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚中的一种或者几种,且几种的配比是任意的。
本发明提供的一种固体介质经过下列工艺步骤制备:
A、按下列质量份备料
粘弹性材料 30~40份 散热剂 20~30份
消能剂 20~30份 模量调节剂 10~20份
抗氧剂 1~5份;
B、将粘弹性材料送入密炼机中,在100~150℃温度下,塑炼8~12 min排料,停放8 h以上,得塑炼粘弹性材料;
C、将步骤B的塑炼粘弹性材料与步骤A的散热剂、消能剂、模量调节剂、抗氧剂依次投入密炼机中,在100~120℃温度下,进行混炼6~10 min排料,送入开炼机中压片,调整厚度至3~10 mm,冷却,停放4 h以上,制得固体阻尼材料。
本发明具有下列优点和效果:采用上述方案,可方便地使左、右腔室内的固体介质在受力情况下能够相互移动,用于在耗散进入结构中的能量、减小结构振动、保护主体结构安全的同时,从根本上解决现有技术用硅油减振带来的硅油泄漏、导致阻尼器失效的问题,提高阻尼器的稳定性能,延长使用寿命。所得固体介质选用粘弹性材料作为基材,并与特定配比的散热剂、消能剂、模量调节剂、抗氧剂协调配合,采用特殊的制备工艺,使之具有良好的阻尼性能、较低的温度敏感性等优点,大大降低密封要求,阻尼器结构与现有结构相比更为简单可靠,大幅降低了制造难度和成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图;
图2为图1的A部放大图。
图中:1—缸体、2-左堵头、3-右堵头、4-左连接头、5-右连接头、6-固体介质、7、8-轴承、9-耐磨环、10-与导杆连为一体的活塞,11-间隙。
具体实施方式
本发明提供的固体介质阻尼器,包括带空腔的缸体1,设置在缸体1空腔中的活塞10,与该活塞10两端连为一体的导杆,导杆上通过耐磨环9设有左、右堵头2、3,并在左、右堵头2、3与对应的活塞10端之间分别形成左、右腔室,左、右腔室内填充固体介质6,且左、右腔室通过活塞10与缸体1之间的间隙11相互连通,使左、右腔室内的固体介质在受力情况下相互移动,即可在耗散进入结构中的能量、减小结构振动、保护主体结构安全的同时,不会外泄固体介质;所述活塞10导杆的左端与左连接头4相连、右端置于右连接头5的空腔中,左、右连接头4、5分别通过轴承与建筑物上的连接构件相连。
阻尼器工作时,导杆带动活塞10在缸体1空腔中左或右移动,进而挤压固体介质6,使固体介质6通过活塞10与缸体1之间的间隙11在左、右腔室之间移动,依靠沿程能量损失和孔缩效应,来耗散进入结构中的能量,减小结构振动、保护主体结构安全,同时从根本上解决现有技术用硅油减振带来的硅油泄漏、导致阻尼器失效的问题,提高阻尼器的稳定性能,延长使用寿命。
下面结合实施例对本发明固体介质的制备做进一步描述。
实施例1
1、按下列质量份备料:卤化丁基橡胶20份、CPE 15份、铜粉20份、石墨烯10份、萜烯树脂5份、酚醛树脂5份、C5树脂15份、炭黑5份、二硫化钼5份、二苯胺2份;
2、取卤化丁基橡胶、CPE送入密炼机中,在120℃温度下,塑炼8 min排料,停放8 h以上,得塑炼弹性体基材;
3、将2步骤的塑炼基材以及步骤1的铜粉、石墨烯、萜烯树脂、酚醛树脂、C5树脂、炭黑、二硫化钼、二苯胺依次投入密炼机中,在100℃温度下,进行混炼8 min排料,送入开炼机中压片,调整厚度至5 mm,冷却,停放4 h以上,制得固体阻尼材料;
所得固体阻尼材料的性能指标如下:门尼粘度(ML 1+4 125℃)55、损耗因子0.50、损耗模量4.0MPa、弹性模量8.0MPa。
实施例2
1、按下列质量份备料:SEBS 20份、POE 15份、铜粉25份、碳纤维5份、酚醛树脂5份、C5树脂15份、C9树脂5份、白炭黑10份、对苯二胺2份;
2、取SEBS、POE送入密炼机中,在110℃温度下,塑炼10 min排料,停放8 h以上,得塑炼弹性体基材;
3、将步骤2的塑炼基材以及铜粉、碳纤维、酚醛树脂、C5树脂、C9树脂、白炭黑、对苯二胺依次投入密炼机中,在110℃温度下,进行混炼10 min排料,送入开炼机中压片,调整厚度至7 mm,冷却,停放4 h以上,制得固体阻尼材料;
所得固体阻尼材料的性能指标如下:门尼粘度(ML 1+4 125℃)45、损耗因子0.61、损耗模量5.0MPa、弹性模量8.2MPa。
实施例3
1、按下列质量份备料:天然橡胶30份、TPV10份、铜粉30份、氢化碳氢树脂30份、机油20份、双十二碳醇酯5份;
2、取天然橡胶、TPV送入密炼机中,在125℃温度下,塑炼9 min排料,停放8 h以上,得塑炼弹性体基材;
3、将2步骤的塑炼基材以及步骤1的铜粉、氢化碳氢树脂、机油、双十二碳醇酯送入密炼机中,在105℃温度下,进行混炼9min排料,送入开炼机中压片,调整厚度至8 mm,冷却,停放4 h以上,制得固体弹性体阻尼材料;
所得固体阻尼材料的性能指标如下:门尼粘度(ML 1+4 125℃)56、弹性模量8MPa、损耗因子0.71、损耗模量6.0MPa、剪切模量8.5MPa。
实施例4
1、按下列质量份备料:硅橡胶20份、POE 10份、铜粉10份、氧化锌5份、云母粉5份、酚醛树脂10份、C5树脂15份、白炭黑5份、二丁酯10份、二苯胺2份、对苯二胺2份;
2、取硅橡胶、POE送入密炼机中,在135℃温度下,塑炼11 min排料,停放8 h以上,得塑炼弹性体基材;
3、将2步骤的塑炼基材以及步骤1的铜粉、氧化锌、云母粉、酚醛树脂、C5树脂、白炭黑、二丁酯、二苯胺、对苯二胺依次送入密炼机中,在115℃温度下,进行混炼7 min排料,送入开炼机中压片,调整厚度至4 mm,冷却,停放4 h以上,制得固体阻尼材料;
所得固体阻尼材料的性能指标如下:门尼粘度(ML 1+4 125℃)50、损耗因子0.71、损耗模量6.0MPa、弹性模量8.4MPa。
实施例5
1、按下列质量份备料:卤化丁基橡胶20份、TPU 15份、铜粉20份、银粉10份、萜烯树脂15份、C9树脂10份、炭黑10份、润滑油5份、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚3份;
2、取卤化丁基橡胶、TPU送入密炼机中,在120℃温度下,塑炼9 min排料,停放8 h以上,得塑炼弹性体基材;
3、将2步骤的塑炼基材以及步骤1的铜粉、银粉、萜烯树脂、C9树脂、炭黑、润滑油、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚依次送入密炼机中,在110℃温度下,进行混炼7min排料,送入开炼机中压片,调整厚度至6 mm,冷却,停放4 h以上,制得固体阻尼材料;
所得固体阻尼材料的性能指标如下:门尼粘度(ML 1+4 125℃)57、损耗因子0.79、损耗模量6.5MPa、弹性模量8.2MPa。
实施例6
1、按下列质量份备料:SEBS 20份、氟橡胶15份、铜粉20份、氧化镁10份、萜烯树脂15份、氢化碳氢树脂10份、白炭黑10份、二辛酯5份、双十二碳醇酯2份、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚2份;
2、取SEBS、氟橡胶送入密炼机中,在130℃温度下,塑炼10 min排料,停放8 h以上,得塑炼弹性体基材;
3、将2步骤的塑炼基材以及步骤1的铜粉、氧化镁、萜烯树脂、氢化碳氢树脂、白炭黑、二辛酯、双十二碳醇酯、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚依次送入密炼机中,在115℃温度下,进行混炼8min排料,送入开炼机中压片,调整厚度至5 mm,冷却,停放4 h以上,制得固体阻尼材料;
所得固体阻尼材料的性能指标如下:门尼粘度(ML 1+4 125℃)65、损耗因子0.61、损耗模量5.5MPa、弹性模量9.0MPa。

Claims (9)

1.一种固体介质阻尼器,包括带空腔的缸体,设置在缸体空腔中的活塞,其特征在于所述活塞两端设有与其连为一体的左、右导杆,左、右导杆上通过耐磨环设有对应的左、右堵头,并在左、右堵头与对应的活塞端之间形成左、右腔室,左、右腔室内填充固体阻尼介质,且左、右腔室通过活塞与缸体之间的间隙相互连通,使左、右腔室内的固体阻尼介质在受力情况下能够相互移动。
2.根据权利要求1所述的固体介质阻尼器,其特征在于所述活塞导杆的左端与左连接头相连、右端置于右连接头的空腔中,左、右连接头分别通过轴承与建筑物上的连接构件相连。
3.根据权利要求1所述的固体介质阻尼器,其特征在于所述固体阻尼介质由以下重量份数的原料制成:
粘弹性材料 30~40份 散热剂 20~30份
消能剂 20~30份 模量调节剂 10~20份
抗氧剂 1~5份。
4.根据权利要求2所述的固体介质阻尼器,其特征在于所述粘弹性材料为卤化丁基橡胶、CPE、SEBS、TPV、TPU、天然橡胶、硅橡胶、氟橡胶、POE中的一种或几种,且几种的配比是任意的。
5.根据权利要求2所述的固体介质阻尼器,其特征在于所述散热剂为铜粉、银粉、石墨烯、碳纤维、氧化锌、氧化镁、云母粉中的一种或几种,且几种配合时,铜粉的比例不低于30%。
6.根据权利要求2所述的固体介质阻尼器,其特征在于所述消能剂为萜烯树脂、酚醛树脂、C5树脂、C9树脂、氢化碳氢树脂中的一种或几种,且几种配合时,C5树脂的比例不低于30%。
7.根据权利要求2所述的固体介质阻尼器,其特征在于所述模量调节剂为炭黑、白炭黑、机油、润滑油、二硫化钼、二丁酯、二辛酯中的一种或几种,且几种的配比是任意的。
8.根据权利要求2所述的固体介质阻尼器,其特征在于所述抗氧剂为二苯胺、对苯二胺、双十二碳醇酯、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚中的一种或者几种,且几种的配比是任意的。
9.根据权利要求2所述的固体介质阻尼器,其特征在于经过下列工艺步骤制备:
A、按下列质量份备料
粘弹性材料 30~40份 散热剂 20~30份
消能剂 20~30份 模量调节剂 10~20份
抗氧剂 1~5份;
B、将粘弹性材料送入密炼机中,在100~150℃温度下,塑炼8~12 min排料,停放8 h以上,得塑炼粘弹性材料;
C、将步骤B的塑炼粘弹性材料与步骤A的散热剂、消能剂、模量调节剂、抗氧剂依次投入密炼机中,在100~120℃温度下,进行混炼6~10 min排料,送入开炼机中压片,调整厚度至3~10 mm,冷却,停放4 h以上,制得固体阻尼材料。
CN202010785239.XA 2020-08-06 2020-08-06 一种固体介质阻尼器 Pending CN112011132A (zh)

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