CN111991563A - pH响应型纳米药物递送系统及其制备方法 - Google Patents

pH响应型纳米药物递送系统及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111991563A
CN111991563A CN202010915789.9A CN202010915789A CN111991563A CN 111991563 A CN111991563 A CN 111991563A CN 202010915789 A CN202010915789 A CN 202010915789A CN 111991563 A CN111991563 A CN 111991563A
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袁建超
周苗
张海亮
伏金平
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Abstract

一种具有pH响应型的纳米药物递送载体,是合成嵌段聚合物P(ALD)‑g‑DOX‑b‑P(PEG)‑b‑PBA‑VI,通过酯交换反应使对羟基苯甲醛取代对硝基苯酚,有效保护醛基在聚合时强氧化环境中不被氧化。端位的醛基与盐酸阿霉素上氨基发生席夫碱反应生成酸敏感的亚胺键,以键联的方式携带药物。聚合物中咪唑基团配位CdTe量子点用于光动力学治疗,苯硼酸作为特异性靶向配体。本发明的纳米胶束具有良好的pH响应性,负载的DOX能在肿瘤细胞弱酸性环境中释放,有望成为良好的药物递送系统。

Description

pH响应型纳米药物递送系统及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明适用于纳米药物载体领域,基于pH响应条件下释放药物并联合光动力学治疗,并详细说明其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
智能内源刺激响应型纳米药物递送系统(DDS)的提出是弥补传统肿瘤治疗方式缺点的有效方法,既可以包含多种治疗剂被放置于肿瘤周围有效减少所需药物剂量,同时主被动靶向递送结构可增加治疗特异性和减少副作用。已有的用于引发药物释放的机制主要有两种,第一种是外界刺激,例如光、热、X射线、磁场和超声等。而另一种更常见的办法就是通过肿瘤内部因素原位触发刺激药物释放。恶性肿瘤独特的生长方式通常会导致肿瘤局部的微环境较正常组织发生明显的变化,如pH值降低、还原势能高、乏氧和酶的过表达等。本实验基于肿瘤部位低pH值的特点,通过酯交换的方式保护醛基不被氧化的前提下,形成酸响应亚胺键,通过键联的方式连接药物DOX。半导体量子点(QDs)根据尺寸和组成的特殊性,具有独特的光学和发射特性,可以从UV到红外区域精确调整。量子点可以充当能量供体,并将能量转移到三线态氧等细胞分子上,还原等价色素,潜在地诱导产生ROS,从而杀死癌细胞。CdTe QDs在光照条件下就可产生具有毒性的羟基自由基,因此可以作为PDT光动力学的光敏剂。本发明将光动力学有效与化疗相结合,形成酸响应型纳米药物载体,具有良好的酸响特性释放药物DOX,该纳米药物递送载体有望成为具有吸引力的药物递送体系。
发明内容
本发明提供一种具有pH响应型的纳米药物递送载体及其制备方法。通过键联的方式携带药物DOX,同时酯交换反应保护醛基不被氧化。在靶向配体苯硼酸作用下,肿瘤微酸性环境可有效促使药物释放。结合量子点作为PDT光敏剂在光照条件下产生ROS,有效将化疗和光动力学治疗联合的药物递送载体,可达到更好的治疗效果。
本发明所采用的技术方案是:
一种具有pH响应型的纳米药物递送载体,结构如下:
Figure BDA0002664968710000021
式中,m=19,n=11,i=5,j=3;数均分子量Mn=10316.12g/mol;
Figure BDA0002664968710000022
代表CdTeQDs。
一种具有pH响应型的纳米药物递送载体的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
(1)合成RAFT试剂2-(十二烷基三硫代碳酸酯基)-2-甲基丙烯酸(DMP)
在0℃下,将甲基三辛基氯化铵和十二硫醇缓慢添加到装有丙酮的圆底烧瓶溶液中搅拌直至完全溶解。然后向溶液中缓慢滴加NaOH溶液,后逐滴加入二硫化碳、丙酮溶液,搅拌溶液颜色发生变化后加入氯仿和NaOH溶液,继续搅拌直至过夜后,向混合物中加入300mL蒸馏水,剧烈搅拌后加入浓盐酸10mL进行酸化后,用异丙醇萃取,再加入正己烷重结晶并洗涤,真空干燥得到黄色晶体;结构如下:
Figure BDA0002664968710000023
(2)对硝基苯甲基丙烯酸酯的合成
将对硝基苯酚溶解在二氯甲烷中并放置在冰水浴中搅拌。后将三乙胺缓慢滴入溶液中。再将甲基丙烯酰氯与二氯甲烷混合后的溶液使用恒压漏斗缓慢滴加入混合溶液中,反应过夜;然后使用石油醚/乙酸乙酯(V/V=3:1)作为洗脱剂,通过柱色谱法纯化粗产物,得到单体2;结构如下:
Figure BDA0002664968710000024
(3)合成聚对硝基苯甲基丙烯酸酯P(Ma-NOp)
在70℃下,以DMP作为RAFT试剂和AIBN作为引发剂制备P(Ma-NOp)-DMP。使用标准的Schlenk技术在氮气氛下进行操作;RAFT试剂DMP,对硝基苯酚甲基丙烯酸酯,偶氮二异丁腈AIBN溶解在4mL DMSO中.将混合物用氮气脱气30分钟,然后放置在70℃下反应24h后,转移到截留分子量为3000的透析袋中,透析24h后,旋转蒸发干燥,得到白色固体产物3;结构如下:
Figure BDA0002664968710000031
(4)P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)嵌段聚合物的合成
称取0.1g产物3,PEG和AIBN溶解在5mLDMSO中,将混合物溶液用氮气脱气30分钟,置于70℃下反应24h,后转移至透析袋中透析,旋转蒸发得产物4;结构如下:
Figure BDA0002664968710000032
(5)P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的制备
将聚合物P(对硝基苯酚)-b-P(PEG)在搅拌下分散在DMSO中,称取4-乙烯基苯硼酸,1-乙烯基咪唑和AIBN加入到DMSO中,混合物氮气脱气30min,放置在油浴70℃下24h,后用中性去离子水(MWCO=3000)进行透析,蒸发旋干得到最终产物5;结构如下:
Figure BDA0002664968710000033
(6)P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的制备
将聚合物P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI称取300mg溶解在10mL DMSO中,后按照摩尔比为1:1.5加入对羟基苯甲醛并向反应体系加入三乙胺,碱性条件有利于酯交换的进行,室温下反应24h后,用中性去离子水透析掉未反应的反应物,旋转蒸发除水可得产物6;结构如下:
Figure BDA0002664968710000041
(7)P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI
称取10mg聚合物和2mg盐酸阿霉素盐酸盐(DOX·HCl)溶解在6mL的DMSO中,加入适量的三乙胺,抽真空充氮气后,反应24h,后用中性去离子水在透析袋中进行透析,冻干处理得到载药聚合物;结构如下:
Figure BDA0002664968710000042
(8)CdTe量子点的合成
称取Te粉和NaBH4放入单项圆底烧瓶中,并在通入N2下向其中加入5mL超纯水,50℃条件下反应3小时,生成NaHTe前驱体;
将CdCl2﹒2H2O用超纯水完全溶解,加入6mL的巯基乙酸,调节pH值为碱性环境,通入N2除O2为30分钟;将合成的NaHTe前驱体加入,升高温度为100℃下冷凝回流反应9-10h;即可得到CdTe量子点。
本发明使用DMP作为RAFT试剂,利用可逆加成断裂链转移聚合(RAFT聚合)成功合成P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI嵌段聚合物。我们通过1H NMR进一步表征了P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的结构和含量。从图51H-NMR谱中可以看到对羟基苯甲醛可以取代对硝基苯酚,在P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的1H NMR光谱中可见VI和PBA的质子信号。物质含量和分子量通过δ4.0处的积分计算。Mn=10316.12g/mol。
本发明制得的聚合物采用酯交换方式有效保护醛基不被氧化,后利用醛基与盐酸DOX上的氨基反应生成亚氨键,有效携带药物DOX。将1-乙烯基咪唑和4-乙烯基苯硼酸单体加入聚合物中,成功制备了酸响应型纳米药物载体P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI。
本发明通过主动靶向,作为化疗和光动力学治疗得以联合的药物递送载体,能达到更好的治疗效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明制备的RAFT试剂DMP的核磁共振氢谱;
图2为本发明制备的对硝基苯甲基丙烯酸酯的核磁共振氢谱
图3为本发明制备的对硝基苯甲基丙烯酸酯的核磁共振碳谱;
图4为本发明制备的聚对硝基苯甲基丙烯酸酯P(Ma-NOp)的核磁共振氢谱;
图5为本发明制备的P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)嵌段聚合物的核磁共振氢谱;
图6为本发明制备的P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI聚合物的核磁共振氢谱;
图7为本发明制备的P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI取代的聚合物的核磁共振氢谱;
图8为本发明制备的P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的核磁共振氢谱图;
图9为本发明制备的CdTe QDs XRD图;
图10为本发明制备的CdTe@P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的紫外吸收光谱图;
图11为本发明制备的CdTe@P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的ZeTa电位图;
图12为本发明制备CdTe@P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI在光照条件下产生ROS的测定;
图13为本发明制备的聚合物P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI在pH=5.0和pH=7.4条件下的阿霉素释放的体外模拟曲线;
图14为本发明具有pH响应型的纳米药物递送载体的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过响应性实验和具体实施例对本发明具有pH响应型的纳米药物递送载体的合成及结构表征作进一步的说明。
一、pH响应性实验
1、CdTe QDs的测试以及配位聚合物CdTe@P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PB A-VI的表征
(1)CdTe QDs的XRD表征
将本发明制备的CdTe QDs水溶液加入异丙醇沉淀后离心,真空烘箱中烘干。称取一定量粉末测试其CdTe QDs的XRD。
(2)CdTe(QDS),CdTe@P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的紫外测定和ZeTa电位的测定
将本发明制备的CdTe QDs和CdTe@P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI取适量加蒸馏水溶解于不同的试管中,分别测试其紫外吸收。超声搅拌均匀后分别测试并记录试管中聚合物、CdTe QDs和CdTe@P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI混合液体的Ze-Ta电位值。
2、聚合物CdTe@P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI体外药物释放的测定
将载药聚合物CdTe@P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI溶解在2mL DM SO溶液中,逐滴加入到8mL pH=7.4的(0.01mol/L)磷酸缓冲溶液搅拌过夜,后将溶液等体积置于两个截留分子量为3000的透析袋中,分别放置在100mL pH=7.4的(0.01mol/L)磷酸缓冲溶液和100mL pH=5.0的(0.01mol/L)醋酸缓冲溶液中进行透析。以48h为时间周期,在不同的时间间隔内取出外部缓冲溶液并用等体积的新鲜缓冲溶液替换,保持原体积不发生变化。通过标准曲线法,然后利用紫外可见分光光度仪UV/Vis测定485nm处在不同时间的DOX的释放量。
图9是本发明制备的CdTe QDs的XRD图。从图中可以看出,量子点在角2θ值为25.8,42.6和49.7附近有三个明显的衍射峰,分别对应于(111),(220)(311)晶面表示所制备的CdTe QDs具有立方晶系结构。图10是游离的CdTe(QDS)和CdTe@P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的UV-vis图像,从图中可以看出440nm左右的特征吸收峰表示游离的CdTe(QDS)的吸收峰,CdTe@P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI相较于游离的CdTe(QDS)的紫外吸收峰发生了蓝移,原因是在聚合物配位CdTe(QDS)之后,发生了n-Π*的跃迁所导致。图11是带负电的CdTe(QDS)(-30.6mv)和带正电P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI(+5.3)发生配位后,CdTe@P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的Ze-Ta电位增加为-18.4。
图12是CdTe@P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI在光照条件下产生ROS的测定。CdTe作为PDT光动力学的光敏剂,在可见光照射条件下可以产生羟基自由基(·OH)。对于羟基自由基的检测本发明主要利用对苯二甲酸作为羟基自由基·OH的捕获作用,生成羟化产物(2-羟基对苯二酸),对苯二甲酸是一种非荧光物质,当生成2-羟基对苯二酸时可产生荧光。.OH的含量与荧光强度成正比。图13是为研究聚合物的载药量和释放率,如图所示。聚合物在中性溶液中该聚合物具有良好的载药能力。将载药聚合物加入到磷酸盐缓冲溶液(PBS,pH=7.4)中48小时后,DOX的释放率为23%。这表明在中性溶液中,DOX的释放非常缓慢。将DOX聚合物加入到pH为5.0的醋酸缓冲溶液中时DOX的释放明显增加,在前8h内表现出快速释放,DOX的释放率达到53%,48h后总的DOX的释放率达到84%,聚合物CdTe@P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-MA体现出pH依赖性释放行为。通过以上分析表明:负载DOX的聚合物可在正常血液循环中降低药物的泄露,当聚合物被肿瘤细胞内吞后,进入弱酸性环境中将会解体,实现药物的有效释放。
综上所述,本发明通过RAFT聚合成功制备CdTe@P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI纳米聚合物。通过发生羟基酯交换利用羟基苯甲醛取代对硝基苯酚,有效保护醛基在聚合强氧化环境中被氧化,端位醛基与盐酸阿霉素上氨基发生席夫碱反应生成pH敏感的亚胺键,以键联方式携带抗癌药物DOX。聚乙二醇(PEG)由于其高生物相容性和亲水性,可有效抑制非特异型蛋白质吸附,提高纳米复合物的血液相容性,延长血液循环时间。4-乙烯基苯硼酸作为主动靶向配体,可以特异性与唾液酸阳离子癌细胞识别达到主动靶向作用。聚合物中咪唑基团配位量子点CdTe作为光动力学治疗的光敏剂。将化疗和光动力学治疗相联合达到更好的治疗效果。它可用作肿瘤细胞中性pH响应型抗肿瘤药物载体。
实施例1,一种具有pH响应型的纳米药物递送载体的制备方法,具体如下:
(1)RAFT试剂(DMP)的制备
在0℃下,将甲基三辛基氯化铵(1.63g,0.004mol)、十二硫醇(20.17g,0.1mol)缓慢添加到装有丙酮(48.10g,0.1mol)的圆底烧瓶搅拌溶液中,搅拌直至完全溶解。然后向溶液中缓慢滴加NaOH(8.38g,0.11mol(转换成浓度)溶液,后逐滴加入二硫化碳(7.6g,0.1mol)、丙酮溶液(10.09g,0.26mol),搅拌溶液颜色发生变化后加入氯仿(17.82g,0.15mol)和NaCl(40.0g,0.5mol)转换为浓溶液。继续搅拌直至过夜后,向混合物中加入300mL蒸馏水,剧烈搅拌后加入浓盐酸10mL进行酸化后,用异丙醇萃取,再加入正己烷重结晶并洗涤,真空干燥得到黄色晶体。如图1核磁氢谱峰为:1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):δ0.87(t,3H,J=7.0Hz,-CH2-CH3),1.31–1.20(s,16H,-CH2-),1.41–1.32(s,2H,-S-CH2-CH2-CH2-),1.67(dt,J=15.1,7.5Hz,2H,-S-CH2-CH2-),1.72(s,6H,-C-(CH3)),3.31–3.24(t,1H,-S-CH2-)。分析表明成功合成RAFT试剂DMP。
(2)对硝基苯甲基丙烯酸酯的合成
将对硝基苯酚(0.50g,3.59mmol)溶解在30mL二氯甲烷中并放置在冰水浴中搅拌。后将0.5mL三乙胺缓慢滴入溶液中。再将500μL甲基丙烯酰氯与10mL二氯甲烷混合后的溶液使用恒压漏斗缓慢滴加入混合溶液中,反应过夜。然后使用石油醚/乙酸乙酯(V/V=3:1)作为洗脱剂,通过柱色谱法纯化粗产物,得到单体。图2核磁共振1H NMR(600MHz,DMSO)δ8.32(m,2H,-C-CH-CH-),7.51(m,2H,-C-CH-CH-),6.28(s,J=28.4Hz,1H,-C-CH2-),5.97–5.83(s,1H,-C-CH2-),1.99(s,3H,-C-CH3)。化学位移σ=5.94和σ=6.33处为双键所连接的H原子的核磁共振峰,σ=7.499和σ=8.327处的化学位移为苯环上的4个H原子,积分比例为1:1,结合图3碳谱结果表明,该化合物成功合成。
(3)合成聚对硝基苯甲基丙烯酸酯P(Ma-NOp)
在70℃下,以DMP作为RAFT试剂和AIBN作为引发剂制备P(Ma-NOp)-DMP。使用标准的Schlenk技术在氮气氛下进行操作。RAFT试剂DMP(0.025g,0.068mmol),对硝基苯酚甲基丙烯酸酯(0.30g,1.44mmol),偶氮二异丁腈AIBN(0.025g,0.152mmol)溶解在4mLDMSO中.将混合物用氮气脱气30分钟,然后将Schlenk烧瓶放置在70℃下反应24h后,转移到截留分子量为3000的透析袋中,透析24h后,旋转蒸发干燥,得到白色固体产物3。图4为聚对硝基苯酚P(Ma-NOp)的核磁共振谱图:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ8.11(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),7.33(s,1H),3.36(d,J=20.0Hz,71H),1.22(s,4H),0.80(d,J=33.6Hz,1H)。图4为嵌段聚合物的1H NMR图,δ=8.11、δ=7.33处的质子峰归属于聚对硝基苯甲基丙烯酸酯的苯环上的吸收峰。
(4)P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)的制备
称取0.1g产物3,PEG(0.42g,0.84mmol),AIBN(0.025g,0.152mmol)溶解在5mLDMSO中,将混合物溶液用氮气脱气30分钟,置于70℃下反应24h,后转移至透析袋中透析,旋转蒸发得产物4。从图5中P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)的1H-NMR谱可以看出,δ=8.15、δ=7.33处的质子峰归属于对硝基苯酚的上苯环的吸收峰。δ=3.54处的质子峰归属于PEG链上亚甲基的吸收峰。说明成功合成了大分子RAFT试剂聚合物简称P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)。
(5)P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)-PBA-VI
将大分子RAFT试剂聚P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)作为链转移剂,AIBN为引发剂,将单体4-乙烯基苯硼酸和1-乙烯基咪唑通过聚合合成P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI。所得纯化聚合物P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的1H NMR谱图图6所示,与上一步相对比发现,来自PBA和VI的质子不同峰和来自P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)质子的宽峰合并在一起形成宽峰,通过特征峰可以证明PBA和VI的成功聚合。1H NMR(600MHz,dmso)δ8.09(d,J=9.1Hz,1H),7.92(d,J=29.6Hz,1H),7.69(dd,J=13.3,7.9Hz,2H),7.33(d,J=8.2Hz,3H),6.99–6.83(m,2H),3.44(d,J=51.6Hz,135H),1.19(d,J=21.2Hz,7H).
(6)P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的制备
将聚合物P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI称取300mg溶解在10mL DMSO中,后按照摩尔比为1:1.5加入对羟基苯甲醛并向反应体系加入三乙胺,碱性条件有利于酯交换的进行,室温下反应24h后,用中性去离子水透析,旋转蒸发除水可得产物6。图7为聚合物P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的核磁共振氢谱图,硝基作为吸电子基团,所以用羟基进攻酯键时更容易反应。从积分比例可以看出PEG相对稳定的存在,特异性的将对硝基苯酚取代。与上一步对比可以看出,在从核磁数据可以看出δ=9.81处为醛基的特征吸收峰,同时对硝基苯酚上δ=8.11、δ=7.33的特征吸收峰消失,可以说明对羟基苯甲醛成功将对硝基苯酚取代。
(7)P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的制备
称取10mg聚合物和2mg盐酸阿霉素盐酸盐(DOX·HCl)溶解在6mL的DMSO中,加入适量的三乙胺,抽真空充氮气后,反应24h,后用中性去离子水在透析袋中(MWCO=3000)进行透析,冻干处理得到载药聚合物。通过键联的方式将DOX连接在聚合物链上,通过图8的核磁共振氢谱图可以看出,醛质子在9.81ppm处的特征吸收峰共振强度明显降低,并且亚胺质子在8.98ppm处出现共振峰,表明醛基的一部分被转化为亚胺基。说明DOX被键联到聚合物链上。1H NMR(600MHz,dmso)δ8.98(s,1H),7.99–6.17(m,12H),3.50–3.37(m,52H),1.34–1.00(m,15H),1.22–1.00(m,11H).

Claims (2)

1.一种具有pH响应型的纳米药物递送载体,其特征在于,结构如下:
Figure FDA0002664968700000011
式中,m=19,n=11,i=5,j=3;数均分子量Mn=10316.12g/mol;●代表C dTe QDs。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有pH响应型的纳米药物递送载体的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
(1)合成RAFT试剂2-(十二烷基三硫代碳酸酯基)-2-甲基丙烯酸(DMP)
在0℃下,将甲基三辛基氯化铵和十二硫醇缓慢添加到装有丙酮的圆底烧瓶溶液中搅拌直至完全溶解。然后向溶液中缓慢滴加NaOH溶液,后逐滴加入二硫化碳、丙酮溶液,搅拌溶液颜色发生变化后加入氯仿和NaOH溶液,继续搅拌直至过夜后,向混合物中加入300mL蒸馏水,剧烈搅拌后加入浓盐酸10mL进行酸化后,用异丙醇萃取,再加入正己烷重结晶并洗涤,真空干燥得到黄色晶体;结构如下:
Figure FDA0002664968700000012
(2)对硝基苯甲基丙烯酸酯的合成
将对硝基苯酚溶解在二氯甲烷中并放置在冰水浴中搅拌。后将三乙胺缓慢滴入溶液中。再将甲基丙烯酰氯与二氯甲烷混合后的溶液使用恒压漏斗缓慢滴加入混合溶液中,反应过夜;然后使用石油醚/乙酸乙酯(V/V=3:1)作为洗脱剂,通过柱色谱法纯化粗产物,得到单体2;结构如下:
Figure FDA0002664968700000021
(3)合成聚对硝基苯甲基丙烯酸酯P(Ma-NOp)
在70℃下,以DMP作为RAFT试剂和AIBN作为引发剂制备P(Ma-NOp)-DMP。使用标准的Schlenk技术在氮气氛下进行操作;RAFT试剂DMP,对硝基苯甲基丙烯酸酯,偶氮二异丁腈AIBN溶解在4mL DMSO中。将混合物用氮气脱气30分钟,然后放置在70℃下反应24h后,转移到截留分子量为3000的透析袋中,透析24h后,旋转蒸发干燥,得到白色固体产物3;结构如下:
Figure FDA0002664968700000022
(4)P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)嵌段聚合物的合成
称取0.1g产物3,PEG和AIBN溶解在5mLDMSO中,将混合物溶液用氮气脱气30分钟,置于70℃下反应24h,后转移至透析袋中透析,旋转蒸发得产物4;结构如下:
Figure FDA0002664968700000023
(5)P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的制备
将聚合物P(对硝基苯酚)-b-P(PEG)在搅拌下分散在DMSO中,称取4-乙烯基苯硼酸,1-乙烯基咪唑和AIBN加入到DMSO中,混合物氮气脱气30min,放置在油浴70℃下24h,后用中性去离子水(MWCO=3000)进行透析,蒸发旋干得到最终产物5;结构如下:
Figure FDA0002664968700000031
(6)P(ALD)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI的制备
将聚合物P(Ma-NOp)-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI称取300mg溶解在10mL DMS O中,后按照摩尔比为1:1.5加入对羟基苯甲醛并向反应体系加入三乙胺,碱性条件有利于酯交换的进行,室温下反应24h后,用中性去离子水透析掉未反应的反应物,旋转蒸发除水可得产物6;结构如下:
Figure FDA0002664968700000032
(7)P(ALD)-g-DOX-b-P(PEG)-b-PBA-VI
称取10mg聚合物和2mg盐酸阿霉素(DOX·HCl)溶解在6mL的DMSO中,加入适量的三乙胺,抽真空充氮气后,反应24h,后用中性去离子水在透析袋中进行透析,冻干处理得到载药聚合物;结构如下:
Figure FDA0002664968700000033
(8)CdTe量子点的合成
称取Te粉和NaBH4放入单项圆底烧瓶中,并在通入N2下向其中加入5mL超纯水,50℃条件下反应3小时,生成NaHTe前驱体;
将CdCl2﹒2H2O用超纯水完全溶解,加入6mL的巯基乙酸,调节pH值为碱性环境,通入N2除O2为30分钟;将合成的NaHTe前驱体加入,升高温度为100℃下冷凝回流反应9-10h;即可得到CdTe量子点。
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