CN111990014B

CN111990014B - Earth boring machine for transplanting garden trees

Info

Publication number: CN111990014B
Application number: CN202010915006.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 田晓; 胡靖宇
Original assignee: Heibei Tourism Vocational College
Current assignee: Heibei Tourism Vocational College
Priority date: 2020-09-03
Filing date: 2020-09-03
Publication date: 2021-08-17
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-03
Also published as: CN111990014A

Abstract

The invention provides a hole digger for transplanting garden trees, which comprises a rack, supporting assemblies and a hole digging mechanism, wherein the two supporting assemblies are respectively arranged at two sides of the rack, a rotating shaft in the hole digging mechanism is rotatably arranged on the rack and is driven to rotate by a motor I, two sliding blocks are respectively and movably arranged in a guide rail at the end part of the rotating shaft, a shield disc is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft, two bases are respectively and movably arranged in guide grooves at two sides of the shield disc, one end of each connecting arm is respectively hinged with the bottom of the two sliding blocks, the other end of each connecting arm is respectively hinged with the tops of the two bases, a soil breaking roller is rotatably arranged on one connecting arm, and a conveying belt is arranged on the other connecting arm. The positions of the two ends of the driving connecting arm are changed, so that the change of the inclination angle of the connecting arm is achieved, the soil breaking roller arranged on the connecting arm can dig out the spherical soil pit, the soil breaking roller is just matched with the tree to be transplanted, the backfill of the soil pit is reduced, and the soil breaking roller can adapt to trees of different sizes.

Description

Earth boring machine for transplanting garden trees

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of garden mechanical equipment, in particular to a hole digger for transplanting garden trees.

Background

In the process of urban greening and landscape architecture, a large number of nursery stocks with different diameters at breast height need to be dug out from a nursery garden and transplanted beside an urban street or in landscape architecture, in order to improve the survival rate of transplanted nursery stocks, the requirements on the shapes and sizes of soil balls of the nursery stocks with different diameters at breast height are different, and therefore the sizes of soil pits in areas to be planted are also different.

The self-expanding variable-diameter pit digging equipment applied to landscaping, which is provided by CN110679237A, is characterized in that a central pit digging drill bit is coaxially arranged at the bottom end of a rotating member through the action of the rotating member and is used for pit positioning and pit digging action at the central position, a variable-diameter connecting member is used for connecting an outer pit digging member and the rotating member and can change the distance between the outer pit digging member and the rotating member, a power distribution member is used for power connection distribution between the rotating member and the outer pit digging member, the outer pit digging member is used for pit digging action on the outer side of a pit, the pit diameter of the dug pit can be adjusted and changed according to actual requirements, the pit dug by the self-expanding variable-diameter pit digging equipment is cylindrical, the bottom of the tree is spherical due to the fact that the tree root needs to be reserved when the tree is transplanted, the bottom of the tree needs to be spherical, and a large number of soil blocks need to be backfilled to fill the cylindrical pit, thereby not facilitating the process of transplantation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a hole digger for transplanting garden trees, which solves the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a earth boring machine for transplanting ornamental trees and shrubs, includes frame, supporting component and mechanism of digging a pit, two the supporting component sets up the both sides in the frame respectively, and the supporting component includes support arm, pneumatic cylinder and supporting seat mechanism, the both ends of pneumatic cylinder are equipped with the support arm respectively, and one of them support arm is articulated with the frame, and the tip of another support arm articulates there is supporting seat mechanism, wherein:

the pit digging mechanism comprises a rotating shaft, a motor I, sliding blocks, a bidirectional screw rod, a driving mechanism, a shield disc, a base, a bidirectional driving mechanism, a connecting arm, a soil breaking roller, a motor II and a conveying belt, wherein the rotating shaft is rotatably installed on a rack and is driven by the motor I to rotate, the two sliding blocks are respectively and movably installed in a guide rail at the end part of the rotating shaft, the bidirectional screw rod is installed at the end part of the rotating shaft through a bearing, the rotating directions of threads at the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod are opposite, the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod respectively penetrate through the two sliding blocks and form thread transmission with the sliding blocks, the driving mechanism is used for driving the bidirectional screw rod to rotate, the shield disc is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft, the two bases are respectively and movably installed in guide grooves at the two sides of the shield disc, the bidirectional driving mechanism is used, one end of each of the two connecting arms is hinged to the bottom of each of the two sliding blocks, the other end of each of the two connecting arms is hinged to the top of each of the two bases, the ground breaking roller is rotatably mounted on one of the connecting arms and driven by the motor II, the conveying belt is arranged on the other connecting arm, and a bucket is arranged on the conveying belt and used for scraping broken soil blocks.

Preferably, the bidirectional driving mechanism comprises a rotating handle and connecting rods, the rotating handle is rotatably installed on the shield disk, the end parts of the two connecting rods are respectively hinged with the two ends of the rotating handle, and the other end parts of the two connecting rods are respectively hinged with the two bases.

Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a motor III, a gearwheel and a pinion, the motor III is mounted on the rotating shaft through a bolt, the gearwheel is fixedly sleeved at the power output end of the motor III, the pinion is fixedly sleeved on the bidirectional screw rod, and the gearwheel is meshed with the pinion.

Preferably, the supporting seat mechanism comprises a supporting seat, supporting plates and an anchor rod, the supporting seat is hinged to the bottom of the supporting arm, the supporting plates are respectively hinged to two sides of the supporting seat, and the anchor rod is movably mounted on the supporting seat.

Preferably, a fastening bolt is arranged in a threaded hole in the rotating handle, and the end part of the fastening bolt is in contact with the shield disc.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

according to the invention, the positions of the two ends of the driving connecting arm are changed, so that the change of the inclination angle of the connecting arm is further achieved, and the ground breaking roller arranged on the connecting arm can dig out a spherical soil pit which is just matched with a tree to be transplanted, so that the backfilling of the soil pit is reduced, and the transplanting of trees with different sizes can be adapted.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional schematic of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the digging mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a shoe mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the bi-directional drive mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a bottom view of the shield disk of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of part A in FIG. 2;

in the figure: the device comprises a frame 1, a support assembly 2, a pit digging mechanism 3, a support arm 21, a hydraulic cylinder 22, a support seat mechanism 23, a 231 support seat, a 232 support plate, a 233 anchor rod, a 31 rotating shaft, a 32 motor I, a 33 sliding block, a 34 bidirectional screw rod, a 35 driving mechanism, a 36 shield disc, a 37 base, a 38 bidirectional driving mechanism, a 39 connecting arm, a 301 ground breaking roller, a 302 motor II, a 303 conveying belt, a 351 motor III, a 352 large gear, a 353 small gear, a 381 rotating handle, a 382 connecting rod and a 3811 fastening bolt.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example (b):

referring to fig. 1 to 6, the present invention provides a technical solution:

a earth boring machine for transplanting ornamental trees and shrubs, includes frame 1, supporting component 2 and mechanism of digging pit 3, wherein:

the two supporting components 2 are respectively arranged at two sides of the machine frame 1, the supporting components 2 comprise supporting arms 21, hydraulic cylinders 22 and supporting seat mechanisms 23, the two ends of the hydraulic cylinders 22 are respectively provided with the supporting arms 21, so that the two supporting arms 21 can be close to or away from each other when the hydraulic cylinders 22 act, one supporting arm 21 is hinged with the machine frame 1, the end part of the other supporting arm 21 is hinged with the supporting seat mechanism 23, the supporting seat mechanism 23 comprises a supporting seat 231, a supporting plate 232 and an anchor rod 233, the supporting seat 231 is hinged at the bottom of the supporting arm 21, so that the supporting seat 231 can be overturned to be attached to the ground when the machine frame 1 is fixed, the two supporting plates 232 are respectively hinged at two sides of the supporting seat 231, the contact range of the supporting seat 231 and the ground is increased through the arrangement of the supporting plates 232, the stability of the device is effectively increased, the anchor rod 233 is movably arranged on the supporting seat 231, the end of the anchor rod 233 is tapered, so that the anchor rod 233 can be inserted into the ground to increase the supporting strength when the supporting seat 231 is fixed;

the pit digging mechanism 3 comprises a rotating shaft 31, a motor I32, sliding blocks 33, a bidirectional screw rod 34, a driving mechanism 35, a shield disc 36, a base 37, a bidirectional driving mechanism 38, a connecting arm 39, a ground breaking roller 301, a motor II 302 and a conveying belt 303, wherein the rotating shaft 31 is rotatably installed on a rack 1 through a bearing, the motor I32 is installed on the rack 1 through a bolt, a power output end of the driving motor I32 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 31, further, the motor I32 can drive the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, the two sliding blocks 33 are respectively and movably installed in a guide rail at the end part of the rotating shaft 31, the two sliding blocks 33 are positioned at opposite surfaces, the bidirectional screw rod 34 is installed at the end part of the rotating shaft 31 through a bearing, the screw thread rotating directions of the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod 34 are opposite, wherein the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod 34 respectively penetrate through the two sliding blocks 33 and form screw thread transmission with the sliding blocks 33, therefore, when the bidirectional screw rod 34 is rotated, the two sliding blocks 33 move towards the directions close to each other or far away from each other, the driving mechanism 35 comprises a motor III 351, a large gear 352 and a small gear 353, the motor III 351 is installed on the rotating shaft 31 through a bolt, the large gear 352 is fixedly sleeved at the power output end of the motor III 351, the small gear 353 is fixedly sleeved on the bidirectional screw rod 34, wherein the large gear 352 is meshed with the small gear 353, the bidirectional screw rod 34 can be driven to rotate when the motor III 351 rotates, the shield disk 36 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft 31, the shield disk 36 can synchronously rotate when the rotating shaft 31 rotates, the two bases 37 are respectively movably installed in guide grooves at two sides of the shield disk 36, the central axes of the bases 37 and the central axis of the sliding block 33 are located on the same vertical plane, the bidirectional driving mechanism 38 comprises a rotating handle 381 and a connecting rod 382, the rotating handle 381 is installed on the shield disk 36, the end parts of the two connecting rods 382 are respectively hinged with two ends of the rotating handle 381, the other end parts of the two connecting rods 382 are respectively hinged with the two bases 37, therefore, when the rotating handle 381 is rotated, the two bases 37 can be close to or far away from each other through the action of the connecting rod 382, the fastening bolt 3811 is arranged in the threaded hole of the rotating handle 381, wherein the end part of the fastening bolt 3811 is in contact with the shield disk 36, so that the position of the rotating handle 381 can be limited through the fastening bolt 3811, the bottom of the shield disk 36 is provided with a plurality of soil-breaking drill bits 361, wherein the number of the soil-breaking drill bits 361 is at least two, so that the soil-breaking drill bits 361 can break soil first when the shield disk 36 is rotated, one end of each of the two connecting arms 39 is hinged with the bottom of the two sliding blocks 33, the other end of each of the two connecting arms 39 is hinged with the top of the two bases 37, the soil-breaking rollers 301 are rotatably installed on one of the connecting arms 39 through bearings, the motor ii 302 is fixedly installed on the connecting arm 39 through bolts, the power output end of the motor ii 302 is fixedly connected with the soil-breaking rollers 301, the conveying belt 303 is arranged on the other connecting arm 39, and the conveyor belt 303 is provided with a bucket for scraping broken clods.

The principle of the invention is as follows: before transplanting and digging pit, firstly moving the rack 1 to an area to be dug pit, then adjusting the supporting arm 21 hinged with the rack 1 to open the supporting arm for a certain angle, then adjusting the supporting seat 231 to enable the supporting seat 231 to be attached to the ground, turning over the supporting plate 232 on the supporting seat 231 to enlarge the contact area, and finally inserting the anchor rod 233 into the soil after the position is determined;

then, the position of the internal components of the pit digging mechanism 3 is adjusted according to the size of the root of the tree to be transplanted, specifically, if the size of the pit to be dug is larger, the size of the pit to be dug needs to be correspondingly increased, at the moment, the motor iii 351 drives the large gear 352 to rotate, and then drives the bidirectional screw rod 34 to rotate through the small gear 353, the two sliding blocks 33 move towards the direction away from each other under the rotation of the bidirectional screw rod 34, the distance between the sliding block 33 and the center of the rotating shaft 31 is increased, the connecting arm 39 hinged with the sliding block 33 after moving outwards inclines outwards, the included angle between the central axis of the connecting arm 39 and the rotating shaft 31 is increased, which means that the distance between the soil breaking roller 301 on the connecting arm 39 and the rotating shaft 31 is increased, at the moment, the adjustment is completed, then the motor i 32 drives the rotating shaft 31 to rotate, the motor ii 302 drives the soil breaking roller 301 to rotate, and further the soil breaking roller 301 can rotate under the condition of revolution along the rotating shaft 31, when the hydraulic cylinder 22 drives the two supporting arms 21 to approach each other, the frame 1 descends, so that the shield disc 36 in the pit digging mechanism 3 enters the soil first, the rotating shield disc 36 digs the pit through the soil breaking drill 361 at the bottom of the shield disc, the soil blocks are scattered after the soil breaking roller 301 enters the soil, since the soil breaking roller 301 is inclined to enter the soil, the dug soil pit is spherical, and a spherical soil pit appears when the soil breaking roller 301 slowly enters the soil deeply, and the conveyer belt 303 synchronously rotates along with the rotation of the rotating shaft 31, then the bucket on the conveying belt 303 pulls the scattered soil blocks out of the soil pit when the conveying belt moves, thereby realizing the treatment of the soil blocks, after the digging is finished, the frame 1 is moved away, and then the trees to be transplanted can be planted, and as the dug soil pits are spherical and just fit with the roots of the trees to be transplanted, the backfilled soil amount is greatly reduced;

if the bottom of the root of the tree to be transplanted is large in size, the distance between the connecting arm 39 and the shield disc 36 needs to be adjusted, the rotating handle 381 is rotated at the moment to drive the connecting rod 382 to move, the connecting rod 382 pushes the two bases 37 to move towards the direction away from each other, and further the distance between the bases 37 and the shield disc 36 is increased, so that the distance between the bottom of the ground breaking roller 301 and the revolution center of the rotating shaft 31 is increased, and the size of the pit bottom is correspondingly increased when the ground breaking roller 301 digs the pit;

if the size of the transplanted tree is small or the size of the bottom of the root of the tree is small, the two links are reversely adjusted.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a earth boring machine for transplanting ornamental trees and shrubs, includes frame (1), supporting component (2) and mechanism (3) of digging a pit, two supporting component (2) set up respectively in the both sides of frame (1), and supporting component (2) include support arm (21), pneumatic cylinder (22) and supporting seat mechanism (23), the both ends of pneumatic cylinder (22) are equipped with support arm (21) respectively, and one of them support arm (21) are articulated with frame (1), and the tip of another support arm (21) articulates there is support seat mechanism (23), its characterized in that:

the pit digging mechanism (3) comprises a rotating shaft (31), a motor I (32), sliding blocks (33), a bidirectional screw rod (34), a driving mechanism (35), a shield disc (36), a base (37), a bidirectional driving mechanism (38), a connecting arm (39), a ground breaking roller (301), a motor II (302) and a conveying belt (303), wherein the rotating shaft (31) is rotatably installed on the rack (1) and is driven by the motor I (32) to rotate, the two sliding blocks (33) are respectively and movably installed in a guide rail at the end part of the rotating shaft (31), the bidirectional screw rod (34) is installed at the end part of the rotating shaft (31) through a bearing, the rotating directions of threads at the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod (34) are opposite, wherein the two ends of the bidirectional screw rod (34) respectively penetrate through the two sliding blocks (33) and form thread transmission with the sliding blocks (33), and the driving mechanism (35) is used for driving the bidirectional screw rod (34) to rotate, shield constructs dish (36) fixed mounting in the bottom of pivot (31), two base (37) movable mounting respectively is in the guide slot of shield structure dish (36) both sides, and two-way actuating mechanism (38) are used for driving two bases (37) and are close to each other or keep away from each other, the bottom of shield structure dish (36) is equipped with a plurality of brokenly drill bit (361), two the one end of linking arm (39) is articulated with the bottom of two slider (33) respectively, and the other end is articulated with the top of two bases (37) respectively, broken ground roller (301) rotate install wherein on linking arm (39) and by motor II (302) drive, conveyer belt (303) set up on another linking arm (39), and be equipped with the scraper bowl on conveyer belt (303) and be used for scraping broken clod.

2. The earth boring machine for transplanting ornamental trees and shrubs as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bidirectional driving mechanism (38) comprises a rotating handle (381) and connecting rods (382), the rotating handle (381) is rotatably installed on the shield disk (36), the end parts of the two connecting rods (382) are respectively hinged with the two ends of the rotating handle (381), and the other end parts of the two connecting rods (382) are respectively hinged with the two bases (37).

3. The earth boring machine for transplanting ornamental trees and shrubs as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism (35) comprises a motor III (351), a large gear (352) and a small gear (353), the motor III (351) is installed on the rotating shaft (31) through a bolt, the power output end of the motor is fixedly sleeved with the large gear (352), the small gear (353) is fixedly sleeved on the bidirectional screw rod (34), and the large gear (352) is meshed with the small gear (353).

4. The earth boring machine for transplanting ornamental trees and shrubs as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the supporting seat mechanism (23) comprises a supporting seat (231), supporting plates (232) and anchor rods (233), the supporting seat (231) is hinged to the bottom of the supporting arm (21), the two supporting plates (232) are hinged to two sides of the supporting seat (231) respectively, and the anchor rods (233) are movably mounted on the supporting seat (231).

5. The earth boring machine for transplanting ornamental trees and shrubs as claimed in claim 2, wherein: and a fastening bolt (3811) is arranged in a threaded hole on the rotating handle (381), wherein the end part of the fastening bolt (3811) is contacted with the shield disc (36).