CN112106616B - Can promote land utilization's intelligent agriculture and forestry equipment of planting - Google Patents
Can promote land utilization's intelligent agriculture and forestry equipment of planting Download PDFInfo
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- CN112106616B CN112106616B CN202010904198.1A CN202010904198A CN112106616B CN 112106616 B CN112106616 B CN 112106616B CN 202010904198 A CN202010904198 A CN 202010904198A CN 112106616 B CN112106616 B CN 112106616B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
- A01C5/08—Machines for both manuring and sowing or both manuring and planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D34/00—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
- A01D34/01—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus
- A01D34/412—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters
- A01D34/42—Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters characterised by features relating to the type of cutting apparatus having rotating cutters having cutters rotating about a horizontal axis, e.g. cutting-cylinders
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0287—Devices for laying-out or removing ground coverings
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses intelligent agriculture and forestry planting equipment capable of improving the land utilization rate, which comprises a comprehensive vehicle main body, wherein the comprehensive vehicle main body is driven to move by a crawler, a weeding mechanism, a film covering mechanism, a digging device and a tree placing mechanism for planting trees are sequentially arranged on the comprehensive vehicle main body from front to back, the weeding mechanism and the film covering mechanism are connected with the front end of the comprehensive vehicle main body through trusses, and the digging device is positioned between the two trusses and connected with the comprehensive vehicle main body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agriculture and forestry machinery, in particular to intelligent agriculture and forestry planting equipment capable of improving the land utilization rate.
Background
Digging and filling soil in the planting process of trees are indispensable processes, in addition, in order to implement better planting and planting processes, the fewer weeds in a target site are expected to be better, so as to avoid robbing nutrients with plants, only digging pits and then planting are carried out when trees are planted at present, the automation degree is low, and weeding linkage cannot be carried out.
In addition, in order to improve the land utilization rate, many trees and shrubs are planted in a mixed mode at present, namely, the shrubs, crops and other plants with low short sunlight demand are planted among the trees, the shrubs are planted in the current operation process generally, the process is complicated, and the planted trees can also block subsequent construction; moreover, the roots of a lot of trees need to be luxuriant, the larger the bottom pot hole is, the better the bottom pot hole is when the trees are planted, but the larger the bottom hole diameter is, the later backfilling and the stability of the trees are not facilitated due to the conventional hole digging equipment; in addition, in order to make trees, shrubs and crops grow well, nutrient substances, herbicides and the like are sprayed on the ground surface in the early stage of planting and planting, but the nutrient substances, the herbicides and the like are easy to volatilize and dissipate along with air. Therefore, the intelligent agriculture and forestry planting equipment capable of improving the land utilization rate is provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide intelligent agriculture and forestry planting equipment capable of improving the land utilization rate so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an intelligent agriculture and forestry planting device capable of improving the land utilization rate comprises a comprehensive vehicle main body, wherein the comprehensive vehicle main body is driven to move by a crawler belt, a weeding mechanism, a film covering mechanism, a digging device and a tree placing mechanism for planting trees are sequentially arranged on the comprehensive vehicle main body from front to back, the weeding mechanism and the film covering mechanism are connected with the front end of the comprehensive vehicle main body through trusses, and the digging device is positioned between the two trusses and connected with the comprehensive vehicle main body;
the weeding mechanism comprises a bearing rod fixedly connected with the truss, a weeding roller with spike rods distributed on the surface is mounted on the bearing rod, the weeding roller is driven by a power wheel mounted on the truss, a comb plate is arranged in the oblique front of the weeding roller and rolls forwards along with the weeding roller, the comb plate and the spike rods realize staggered sliding through tie grooves formed in the comb plate, the middle of the comb plate is high, the two ends of the comb plate are low, and the right end to the left end of the comb plate are gradually far away from the axis position of the weeding roller;
the laminating mechanism comprises a mulching film roll borne by the supporting rod and a pressing roller located below the truss, and an installation position is arranged at the bottom of the comprehensive vehicle main body.
Preferably, the digging device comprises a material lifting pipe, the material lifting pipe slides on the side wall of the comprehensive vehicle main body under the driving of an oil cylinder, a drill rod is rotatably connected inside the material lifting pipe and is driven to rotate by a first motor, a drill bit for drilling soil is connected to the lower end of the drill rod, an auxiliary ring is sleeved on the outer ring of the drill bit, the upper end of the auxiliary ring is slidably connected with the lug plate through a plurality of limiting rods, and a buffer spring is arranged between the upper end of the limiting rod and the lug plate.
Preferably, the drill rod comprises a fixed rod and a change rod, the fixed rod is spirally provided with turbine blades, the top end of the change rod is movably controlled to be inserted into the fixed rod, a plurality of soil expanding pieces are sleeved on the periphery of the change rod, the soil expanding pieces change along with the shape change of the top end of the change rod in the telescopic amount inside the fixed rod, and the lower end of the change rod is connected with the drill bit.
Preferably, the inside of dead lever is opened there is the cavity, just the inner wall symmetry of cavity is equipped with L type groove, the top of change pole slides and pegs graft in the cavity, and the top symmetry of change pole is equipped with the locating lever that corresponds with L type groove.
Preferably, the top ends of the soil expanding pieces are connected with the outer wall of the lower end of the fixed rod, the lower ends of the soil expanding pieces are connected with the outer wall of the lower end of the change rod, and the shape of the soil expanding pieces is expanded outwards along with the movement of the change rod to the inside of the fixed rod.
Preferably, a conveying belt is further arranged between the digging device and the tree placing mechanism, the conveying belt is used for transferring soil obtained by the digging device to the tree placing mechanism, a soil conveying opening is formed in one side of the material lifting pipe, the tree placing mechanism comprises a seedling placing pipe used for placing tree seedlings into a pit, the seedling placing pipe slides on the side wall of the comprehensive vehicle main body through driving of a second motor, a soil inlet is formed in the side wall of the seedling placing pipe, the soil inlet is movably communicated with a soil discharging opening at the lower end of the soil accumulating box, and the soil accumulating box is fixedly connected inside the comprehensive vehicle main body.
Preferably, one side fixedly connected with fertilizer case of long-pending soil box, the bottom of fertilizer case is rotated and is connected with the worm that is used for dialling to long-pending soil box and send fertilizer, the pivot one end fixedly connected with impeller of worm, the impeller rotates to be connected in long-pending soil box's inside and be located the conveyer belt and go out under the end of digging.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention has weeding organization, tectorial membrane organization, digging device, put the tree organization and still set up the mounting position in the inside of the comprehensive car body, can install other planting equipments in addition, can realize weeding, tectorial membrane, dig the hole, plant a series of processes, the digging device that this application sets up can make the form of the piece that expands earth change according to the demand situation, thus can enlarge the bottom space of the tree hole, and can keep good soil lifting effect, can discharge and collect the soil excavated inside the tree hole, and backfill after processing, the structure integration level of this application is high, do benefit to and synthesize intelligently and plant, improve the land utilization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the overall construction of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the working state of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the weeding mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the change bar, rotary table and drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the change bar of the present invention at the location of the turntable and one-way bearing member;
FIG. 8 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the present invention at a fixed rod, change rod;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the conveyor belt, soil depositing box, paddle wheel, fertilizer box and worm of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view I of the integrated vehicle main body, the second motor, the screw and the seedling tube of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view II of the integrated vehicle main body, the second motor, the screw and the seedling tube of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the seedling tube, pallet and side door of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the integrated vehicle body, U-shaped bar and seedling tube of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is an enlarged view at A of FIG. 13 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 15 is an enlarged view at B of FIG. 13 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of the seedling tube, the slide bar, the limiting block and the limiting groove of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is a state view of a first soil expanding member of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a state diagram of the first soil enlarging element before and after the change of the single elastic steel sheet;
FIG. 19 is a state view I of a second soil enlarging element according to the invention;
fig. 20 is a state view II of a second soil enlarging element according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the comprehensive vehicle body 2, the digging device 201, the lifting pipe 202, the drill rod 2021, the fixing rod 2022, the change rod 2023, the L-shaped groove 2024, the positioning rod 203, the first motor 204, the drill bit 205, the soil transporting port 206, the oil cylinder 207, the auxiliary ring 208, the limiting rod 209, the lug plate 3, the tree placing mechanism 301, the seedling placing pipe 302, the second motor 303, the soil inlet 304, the soil accumulating box 305, the soil discharging port 306, the screw rod 4, the conveyor belt 401, the third motor 5, the one-way bearing piece 501, the turntable 502, the wedge-shaped groove 503, the second spring 504 and the ball, 6, a supporting plate, 7, a sliding rod, 8, a U-shaped rod, 9, a side door, 10, a clamping groove, 11, a clamping block, 12, a turbine blade, 13, a truss, 14, a mounting position, 15, a power wheel, 16, a fertilizer box, 17, a worm, 18, a blade wheel, 19, a limiting block, 20, a first spring, 21, a limiting groove, 22, a weeding mechanism, 2201, a bearing rod, 2202, a weeding roller, 2203, a thorn rod, 2204, a comb plate, 2205, a groove, 23, a film covering mechanism, 2301, a supporting rod, 2302, a mulching film roll, 2303, a compression roller, 24, a soil spreading piece, 2401, an elastic steel sheet, 2402, a vortex strip, 2403, an arc rod, 2404 and a scraping blade.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-20, the present invention provides a technical solution: an intelligent agriculture and forestry planting device capable of improving the land utilization rate comprises a comprehensive vehicle main body 1, wherein the comprehensive vehicle main body 1 is driven to move through a crawler belt, a weeding mechanism 22, a film covering mechanism 23, a digging device 2 and a tree placing mechanism 3 for planting trees are sequentially arranged on the comprehensive vehicle main body 1 from front to back, the weeding mechanism 22 and the film covering mechanism 23 are connected with the front end of the comprehensive vehicle main body 1 through trusses 13, and the digging device 2 is positioned between the two trusses 13 and is connected with the comprehensive vehicle main body 1;
the weeding mechanism 22 comprises a bearing rod 2201 fixedly connected with a truss, a weeding roller 2202 with a thorn rod 2203 distributed on the surface is installed on the bearing rod 2201, the weeding roller 2202 is driven by a power wheel 15 installed on the truss, a comb plate 2204 is arranged in the oblique front of the weeding roller 2202, the comb plate 2204 and the thorn rod 2203 realize staggered sliding along the weeding roller 2202, the middle of the comb plate 2204 is high, two ends of the comb plate 2204 are low, the right end to the left end of the comb plate 2204 are gradually far away from the axis position of the weeding roller 2202, the power wheel 22015 is started during traveling so as to drive the weeding roller 2202 to rotate anticlockwise, the weeding roller 2202 is pressed on soil and weeds on the soil are twisted and removed through the thorn rod 2203, some weeds can be wound on the thorn rod 2203, when the thorn rod 2203 is in contact with the comb plate 2204, the root of the thorn rod 2203 extends into the groove 2205, the top end of the thorn rod continuously contacts with the top end of the thorn groove, so as the thorn rod 2205, the side wall of the thorn groove is inclined, the thorn rod 2203 is moved towards the side wall of the comb plate, and the comb plate is moved towards the side wall of the comb plate 2203;
during planting, in order to reduce water evaporation of soil on the ground surface and facilitate seeding and planting survival, a mulching film can be coated on the soil surface, the mulching mechanism 23 comprises a mulching film roll 2302 carried by a support rod 2301 and a pressing roller 2303 positioned below a truss 13, a spray head for spraying nutrient solution (or weed herbicide) can be arranged between the weeding mechanism 22 and the digging device 2 in order to improve the planting survival rate, the spraying can be carried out after weeding, and then the mulching film can be coated, springs and the like (not shown in the drawing) can be arranged between the pressing roller 2303 and the truss 13, so that the pressing roller 2303 can be tightly attached to the bottom surface and has certain pressure on the mulching film, in addition, convex pressing variable rings are arranged at two ends of the pressing roller 2303, two sides of the mulching film can be further pressed into the soil to improve the mulching film stability, in addition, an installation position 14 is reserved at the bottom of the comprehensive vehicle main body 1, and the comprehensive vehicle can be used for installing some seeders and the like on the current market.
An excavating device 2 is arranged on one side of the comprehensive vehicle main body 1, a tree placing mechanism 3 is arranged on the other side of the comprehensive vehicle main body 1, the excavating device 2 comprises a lifting pipe 201, the lifting pipe 201 is driven to slide on the side wall of the comprehensive vehicle main body 1 through an oil cylinder 206, the oil cylinder 206 is fixed on the comprehensive vehicle main body 1, the upper end of an output shaft of the oil cylinder 206 is connected with the side wall of the lifting pipe 201, then when the oil cylinder 206 is started, the output shaft of the oil cylinder 206 drives the lifting pipe 201 to move upwards or downwards so as to drive the whole excavating device 2 to move upwards and downwards to perform excavating action, a drill rod 202 is rotatably connected inside the lifting pipe 201, the drill rod 202 is driven to rotate through a first motor 203, the first motor 203 is fixed at the upper end of the lifting pipe 201 (as shown in fig. 2), the output shaft of the first motor 203 is connected with the drill rod 202, when the first motor 203 is started, the output shaft of the first motor 203 drives the drill rod 202 to rotate forward or reversely, the lower end of the drill rod 202 is connected with a drill bit 204 for drilling soil, as shown in fig. 6, the drill bit 204 is conical, spiral grains are arranged on the side wall of the drill bit 204, the drill bit 204 is used for drilling into the soil, an auxiliary ring 207 is sleeved on the outer ring of the drill bit 204, the upper end of the auxiliary ring 207 is connected with an ear plate 209 in a sliding mode (the ear plate 209 is connected with the material lifting pipe 201) through a plurality of limiting rods 208, a buffer spring is arranged between the upper end of the limiting rod 208 and the ear plate 209, when the drill bit 204 is pressed downwards, the auxiliary ring 207 can firstly contact and press the mulching film, then the drill bit 204 downwards pierces the mulching film and excavates a pit, and the auxiliary ring 207 can ensure that the mulching film outside the ring is not pulled and torn.
In order to improve the survival rate of trees, the bottom end of a tree hole which is desired to be dug can be large, and in order to make trees not prone to skew, the diameter of a desired opening part is small, specifically, the drill rod 202 comprises a fixed rod 2021 and a change rod 2022, the turbine blades 12 are spirally arranged on the fixed rod 2021 and can extract soil dug in the hole, the top end of the change rod 2022 is movably and controllably inserted into the fixed rod 2021, a plurality of soil spreading pieces 24 are sleeved on the periphery of the change rod 2022, the shape of the soil spreading pieces 24 changes along with the expansion amount of the top end of the change rod 2022 in the fixed rod 2021, the lower end of the change rod 2022 is connected with a drill bit 204, and when the top end of the change rod 2022 moves in the fixed rod 2021, the shape of the soil spreading pieces 24 can change so as to change the dug hole.
The specific moving mode of the variable rod 2022 is that a cavity is formed inside the fixed rod 2021, an L-shaped groove 2023 is symmetrically formed in the inner wall of the cavity, the top end of the variable rod 2022 is slidably inserted into the cavity, a positioning rod 2024 corresponding to the L-shaped groove 2023 is symmetrically formed in the top end of the variable rod 2022, the drill bit 204 rotates during vertical tunneling, the positioning rod 2024 abuts against the transverse groove of the L-shaped groove 2023 and cannot move in the vertical direction, when the pothole needs to be expanded, the drill rod 202 rotates in the reverse direction, the positioning rod 2024 moves to the bottom of the L-shaped groove 2023 in the vertical direction, the oil cylinder 206 applies pressure downwards, and the variable rod 2022 extends into the cavity inside the fixed rod 2021 to cause the shape change of the soil expanding element 24. That is, the top ends of the soil enlarging elements 24 are connected to the outer wall of the lower end of the fixing rod 2021, the lower ends of the soil enlarging elements 24 are connected to the outer wall of the lower end of the changing rod 2022, and the soil enlarging elements 24 are expanded outward as the changing rod 2022 moves toward the inside of the fixing rod 2021.
The specific structure of the soil expanding element 24 can adopt the following two types,
the first method comprises the following steps: the soil-expanding piece 24 is an elastic steel sheet 2401, as shown in fig. 18, two ends of the elastic steel sheet 2401 are respectively connected with the fixing rod 2021 and the changing rod 2022, the shape of the elastic steel sheet 2401 is twisted, a plurality of elastic steel sheets 2401 surround the changing rod 2022 in a circular array, when the changing rod 2022 extends out of the fixing rod 2021 to the maximum, the side walls of the plurality of elastic steel sheets 2401 are tightly attached to form a cylinder as shown in fig. 17, when the changing rod 2022 retracts into the fixing rod 2021, two ends of the elastic steel sheet 2401 are pressed inwards, so that the elastic steel sheet 2401 expands outwards, thereby forming the effect of expanding the middle as shown in fig. 18, and can dig the soil layer with the rotation of drilling rod 202 thus realize the bigger space of planting, in addition in order to the soil when the mode pot hole such as the outer straight hole and big top of lower part are small can be well promoted to come up, the surface of each elastic steel sheet 2401 has the vortex-shaped strip 2402, can form the channel to carry soil, the vortex-shaped strip 2402 adopts the metal material, because the metal is little in the direction of the narrow side when swelling out, in order to realize good deformation, open on the vortex-shaped strip 2402 has a plurality of deformation grooves, thus can make it buckle outwardly and swell out, and the vortex-shaped strip 2402 can form the form similar to tooth outwardly in the deformation groove during swelling, facilitate the excavation to the soil layer more.
And the second method comprises the following steps: the soil expanding member 24 is a group of hinged arc rods 2403, the upper arc rod 2403 is hinged with the fixed rod 2021, the lower arc rod 2403 is hinged with the change rod 2022, when the drill bit 204 drills into a proper depth, the first motor 203 is reversely started to reversely drill the drill rod 202, then the change rod 2022 continuously moves the lifting pipe 201 downwards through the oil cylinder 206, the change rod 2022 enters the fixed rod 2021, so that the soil expanding member 24 expands outwards, the soil layer can be excavated by rotating, in addition, a plurality of scraping blades 2404 are arranged on each group of arc rods 2403, the scraping blades 2404 are in a certain angle, and the angle between the scraping blades 2404 on the arc rods 2403 of the adjacent groups is continuous (except for hinged points), so that a plurality of groups of arc rods 2403 are tightly attached to form a vortex-shaped groove on the surface of the grooves, and a guiding and ascending channel can be provided for soil lifting and digging is shown in fig. 19. As shown in fig. 20, when the soil expanding member 24 deforms and expands, the fixing rod 2021 approaches to the lower part of the soil layer pot hole, the turbine blade 12 thereon can play a role of soil lifting, if the running direction of tunneling and soil lifting during forward rotation is assumed, the reverse rotation should be changed during hole expanding and then the hole is pressed down through the oil cylinder 206, and forward rotation should be carried out again when the soil lifting is needed after hole expanding,
specifically, in order to enable extracted soil to be excavated to be used for later landfill, a conveyor belt 4 is further arranged between the excavating device 2 and the tree placing mechanism 3, the conveyor belt 4 is used for transferring soil obtained by the excavating device 2 to the tree placing mechanism 3, one side of the material lifting pipe 201 is provided with a soil conveying opening 205, the tree placing mechanism 3 comprises a seedling placing pipe 301 used for placing tree seedlings into a pit, the seedling placing pipe 301 is driven by a second motor 302 to slide on the side wall of the comprehensive vehicle main body 1, the second motor 302 is fixed on the side wall of the comprehensive vehicle main body 1, an output shaft of the second motor 302 is connected with a screw 306, the screw 306 is connected with the side wall of the seedling placing pipe 301 through threaded engagement, when the second motor 302 is started, the output shaft of the second motor 302 drives the screw 306 to rotate forwards or reversely, so that the seedling placing pipe 301 can move upwards or downwards, the side wall of the seedling placing pipe 301 is provided with a soil inlet 303, the soil inlet 303 is movably communicated with a soil discharge port 305 at the lower end of the soil accumulating box 304, as shown in fig. 2, when the seedling placing pipe 301 is at the highest position (initial state), the soil inlet 303 and the soil discharge port 305 are staggered mutually at the moment, so that soil in the soil accumulating box 304 can not enter the seedling placing pipe 301, when the second motor 302 is started to enable the seedling placing pipe 301 to move downwards, in the process that the seedling placing pipe 301 moves downwards, the soil inlet 303 and the soil discharge port 305 are communicated with each other within a period of time, at the moment, soil in the soil accumulating box 304 can flow into the seedling placing pipe 301, so that the root of a tree in the seedling placing pipe 301 is buried by the soil, the soil accumulating box 304 is fixedly connected in the comprehensive vehicle main body 1, the third motor 401 for driving the conveying belt 4 to rotate is arranged in the comprehensive vehicle main body 1, an output shaft of the third motor 401 is connected with a rotating shaft of the conveying belt 4 through a synchronous belt, when the third motor 401 is then started, the conveyor 4 rotates, and the conveyor 4 transports the soil discharged from the soil transport port 205 to the inside of the soil accumulating box 304 (the soil inside the soil accumulating box 304 is used as a backfill pit hole).
Since the drill bit 204 is not required to be further deepened because a downward pressure is required when the variable rod 2022 is controlled to retract into the fixed rod 2021, and the diameter of the pot hole is desired to be enlarged to this depth, the drill bit 204 is not desired to be further deepened at this time, a one-way bearing member 5 is provided between the variable rod 2022 and the drill bit 204, specifically, the one-way bearing member 5 includes a rotary disc 501 sleeved on the lower end of the variable rod 2022, the rotary disc 501 is fixedly connected to the upper side surface of the drill bit 204, a plurality of wedge-shaped grooves 502 are formed on the inner side wall of the rotary disc 501, a ball 504 is slidably connected to the inside of each wedge-shaped groove 502 through a second spring 503, and the second spring 503 has an outward expanding elastic force on the ball 504, as shown in fig. 7, when the change bar 2022 rotates in the direction of the arrow, the balls 504 are tightly attached to the side walls of the change bar 2022 (the balls 504 are wedged between the side walls of the turntable 501 and the change bar 2022), so that the change bar 2022 rotates with the drill bit 204, and conversely, when the rotation direction of the change bar 2022 is opposite to the direction of the arrow, the rotation of the change bar 2022 slides the balls 504 toward the wide side of the wedge-shaped groove 502, so that the balls 504 cannot wedge the change bar 2022 and the turntable 501, and the change bar 2022 idles.
Specifically, the bottom of the seedling placing pipe 301 is rotatably connected with a support plate 6, the inside of the seedling placing pipe 301 is slidably connected with a slide rod 7, the lower end of the slide rod 7 is movably connected with the side wall of the support plate 6, the upper end of the slide rod 7 is movably connected with the two ends of a U-shaped rod 8, as shown in fig. 16, the inside of the side wall of the seedling placing pipe 301 is slidably connected with a limit block 19 through a first spring 20, the ball end of the limit block 19 is movably clamped with a limit groove 21 on the side wall of the slide rod 7, the number of the limit grooves 21 is two, and after the limit block 19 is respectively clamped with the two limit grooves 21, the slide rod 7 is further driven to be fixed in two states (namely, the support plate 6 is opened and closed) to prevent the slide rod from moving by itself, the U-shaped rod 8 is fixedly connected on the side wall of the comprehensive vehicle main body 1, after the lower end of the seedling placing pipe 301 extends into the pit hole, because the upper end of the slide rod 7 is blocked by the lower end of the U-shaped rod 8, the slide bar 7 slides upwards relative to the seedling placing pipe 301, so that the lower end of the slide bar 7 retracts into the seedling placing pipe 301, the support plate 6 is not extruded any more, the support plate 6 can be opened under the action of gravity, the root of the tree seedling and the soil can leak from the lower end of the seedling placing pipe 301 to the inside of the pot hole, the operation of placing the tree and backfilling the soil is further completed, when the seedling placing pipe 301 moves upwards, and the lower end of the seedling placing pipe 301 is moved out of the pot hole, the side door 9 can be opened, the comprehensive vehicle main body 1 is moved, the tree seedling is separated from the inside of the seedling placing pipe 301, the seedling placing pipe 301 continues to move upwards, when the upper end of the slide bar 7 is blocked by the upper end of the U-shaped bar 8, the slide bar 7 downwards relative to the seedling placing pipe 301, so that the lower end of the slide bar 7 extends out of the inside of the seedling placing pipe 301 and then props against the side wall of the support plate 6, the support plate 6 is reset, and the bottom of the seedling placing pipe 301 can be blocked, for planting the next seedling.
Particularly, it is connected with side door 9 to rotate on seedling tube 301's the lateral wall, it has draw-in groove 10 to open on side door 9's the lower extreme lateral wall, the inside activity joint of draw-in groove 10 has fixture block 11, just fixture block 11 is fixed on the lateral wall of layer board 6, as shown in fig. 12, opens the back when layer board 6, and fixture block 11 could break away from the inside of draw-in groove 10, can guarantee like this that layer board 6 holds in the palm the sapling when putting seedling tube 301's inside, and side door 9 can't be opened, prevents to receive the extrusion force to wash out by oneself to guaranteed that the sapling is putting the inside stability of seedling tube 301, opened back side door 9 when layer board 6 and can open, be convenient for shift out the sapling from the inside of putting seedling tube 301.
Particularly, one side fixedly connected with fertilizer box 16 of long-pending soil box 304, the bottom of fertilizer box 16 is rotated and is connected with the worm 17 that is used for dialling fertilizer to long-pending soil box 304, the pivot one end fixedly connected with blade wheel 18 of worm 17, blade wheel 18 rotates to be connected in long-pending soil box 304's inside and be located conveyer belt 4 and go out the soil end under, and when conveyer belt 4 transports soil to long-pending soil box 304's inside, the whereabouts of soil can make blade wheel 18 rotatory, and worm 17 rotates the inside of dialling long-pending soil box 304 with the inside fertilizer of fertilizer box 16 after this moment, causes fertilizer and soil mixing evenly to the addition of fertilizer can be natural and form direct proportional relation between the soil whereabouts volume, avoid too much or too little.
The working process is as follows:
when the comprehensive vehicle main body 1 runs forwards, the weeding roller 2202 rotates anticlockwise to weed and can be cleaned under the action of the comb plate 2204; the film covering mechanism 23 continuously puts down the mulching film and is covered on the ground surface under the action of the pressure roller 2303 in the advancing process, when the mulching film advances to the position needing to be dug, the oil cylinder 206 is started at the moment, the oil cylinder 206 pulls the material lifting pipe 201 to move downwards, meanwhile, the auxiliary ring 207 contacts the mulching film firstly and fixes the mulching film, then the first motor 203 is started, the drill rod 202 drives the drill bit 204 to rotate in the forward direction to drill a straight hole in the soil layer, and parts (a scraping blade 2404 and a vortex strip 2402) on the turbine blades 12 and the soil expanding piece 24 can lift and transfer the soil in the process; when the hole needs to be expanded, firstly reversing the first motor 203, then starting the oil cylinder 206 to press down, so that the soil expanding piece 24 deforms, and meanwhile, the first motor 203 keeps reversing, so that the hole expansion can be realized; after the hole expanding is finished, the tree is continuously driven to plant and fill soil for the tree seedlings through the tree placing mechanism 3 and the conveyor belt 4.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a can promote intelligent agriculture and forestry planting equipment of land utilization, includes and synthesizes car main part (1), synthesize car main part (1) and remove its characterized in that through track drive: a weeding mechanism (22), a film covering mechanism (23), a digging device (2) and a tree placing mechanism (3) for planting trees are sequentially arranged on the comprehensive vehicle main body (1) from front to back, the weeding mechanism (22) and the film covering mechanism (23) are connected with the front end of the comprehensive vehicle main body (1) through trusses (13), and the digging device (2) is positioned between the two trusses (13) and connected with the comprehensive vehicle main body (1);
the weeding mechanism (22) comprises a bearing rod (2201) fixedly connected with a truss (13), a weeding roller (2202) with surface covered with barbed rods (2203) is mounted on the bearing rod (2201), the weeding roller (2202) is driven by a power wheel (15) mounted on the truss (13), a comb plate (2204) is arranged obliquely in front of the weeding roller (2202), and rolls forwards along with the weeding roller (2202), the comb plate (2204) realizes staggered sliding with the barbed rods (2203) through grooves (2205) formed in the comb plate, the middle of the comb plate (2204) is high, the two ends of the comb plate (2204) are low, and the right end to the left end of the comb plate (2204) gradually keep away from the axis position of the weeding roller (2202);
the film covering mechanism (23) comprises a mulching film roll (2302) carried by a support rod (2301) and a pressing roller (2303) positioned below the truss (13), and an installation position (14) is arranged at the bottom of the comprehensive vehicle main body (1);
the excavating device (2) comprises a lifting pipe (201), the lifting pipe (201) is driven by an oil cylinder (206) to slide on the side wall of the comprehensive vehicle main body (1), a drill rod (202) is rotationally connected inside the lifting pipe (201), the drill rod (202) is driven by a first motor (203) to rotate, a drill bit (204) for drilling soil is connected to the lower end of the drill rod (202), an auxiliary ring (207) is sleeved on the outer ring of the drill bit (204), the upper end of the auxiliary ring (207) is connected with an ear plate (209) in a sliding manner through a plurality of limiting rods (208), a buffer spring is arranged between the upper end of the limiting rod (208) and the ear plate (209), the drill rod (202) comprises a fixing rod (2021) and a change rod (2022), turbine blades (12) are spirally arranged on the fixing rod (2021), the top end of the change rod (2022) is movably and is inserted into the fixing rod (2021) in a controlled manner, a plurality of soil expanding pieces (24) are sleeved on the periphery of the change rod (2022), the change rod (2022) is symmetrically arranged inside a cavity of the fixing rod (2022) and the cavity of the change rod (2022) is symmetrically formed by the expansion piece (24) and the telescopic rod (2022) is connected with the inner wall of the fixing rod (2021) and the inner wall of the fixing rod (2022) and the telescopic groove (2021), the top end of the change rod (2022) is inserted in the cavity in a sliding manner, and the top end of the change rod (2022) is symmetrically provided with positioning rods (2024) corresponding to the L-shaped grooves (2023).
2. The intelligent agriculture and forestry planting apparatus capable of improving the land utilization rate according to claim 1, wherein: the top ends of the soil expanding pieces (24) are connected with the outer wall of the lower end of the fixing rod (2021), the lower ends of the soil expanding pieces (24) are connected with the outer wall of the lower end of the change rod (2022), and the soil expanding pieces (24) expand outwards along with the movement of the change rod (2022) towards the inside of the fixing rod (2021).
3. The intelligent agriculture and forestry planting apparatus capable of improving the land utilization rate according to claim 1, wherein: a conveying belt (4) is further arranged between the digging device (2) and the tree placing mechanism (3), the conveying belt (4) is used for transferring soil obtained by the digging device (2) to the tree placing mechanism (3), a soil conveying opening (205) is formed in one side of the material lifting pipe (201), the tree placing mechanism (3) comprises a seedling placing pipe (301) used for placing tree seedlings into a pit, the seedling placing pipe (301) is driven by a second motor (302) to slide on the side wall of the comprehensive vehicle main body (1), a soil inlet (303) is formed in the side wall of the seedling placing pipe (301), the soil inlet (303) is movably communicated with a soil discharging opening (305) at the lower end of the soil accumulating box (304), and the soil accumulating box (304) is fixedly connected to the inside of the comprehensive vehicle main body (1).
4. The intelligent agriculture and forestry planting apparatus capable of improving the land utilization rate according to claim 3, wherein: one side fixedly connected with fertilizer case (16) of long-pending soil box (304), the bottom of fertilizer case (16) is rotated and is connected with worm (17) that are used for dialling fertilizer to long-pending soil box (304), pivot one end fixedly connected with impeller (18) of worm (17), impeller (18) rotate to be connected in the inside of long-pending soil box (304) and are located conveyer belt (4) under the end that unearths.
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| CN114323766A (en) * | 2022-01-12 | 2022-04-12 | 赵新雷 | Layered sampling device for contaminated soil investigation |
| WO2023204247A1 (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2023-10-26 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Tree-planting machine, tree-planting system, and tree-planting machine control method |
| CN115606470A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-17 | 长春工业大学 | A full-automatic tree planting car for Gobi desert salix psammophila plants |
| CN117178668B (en) * | 2023-08-16 | 2024-05-28 | 广东华凤环保科技有限公司 | Agricultural harvester and method for reducing soil pollution based on agricultural film recovery |
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