CN111978913A - 一种单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶 - Google Patents
一种单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶。按重量份计算，由硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物30～60重量份、透明填料25～50重量份、增塑剂5～20重量份、硅烷偶联剂0.5～2重量份混合而成。硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物由聚醚二元醇、生物基多元醇与二异氰酸酯和氨基硅烷制得。采用长链柔性聚氧化丙烯醚二元醇搭配低分子量生物基多元醇控制体系的交联密度，能有效调节硬度和模量。硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物搭配硅烷偶联剂，基于硅烷水解、脱水缩合交联固化与粘接，粘接强度得到显著地大幅提升。有机物原料和无机填料混合后能够达到高度透明的效果，满足高档的美观需求。该组角胶完全满足家装行业对粘接强度和美观的要求。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，属于结构胶技术领域。
背景技术
铝合金门窗的角缝部位和角码处需要进行结构性粘接、密封以提高框架结构的整体强度和稳定性。环氧类胶黏剂具有较高的力学强度、硬度，但是环氧树脂玻璃化转变温度高，低于25℃是韧性逐渐变差，抗位移能力差，线型膨胀系数与铝合金相差较大，故在长期的户外气候条件下容易发生脱粘。硅酮类密封胶虽然能克服脱粘问题，但是硅酮胶往往需要加入硅油调控粘度、触变性，长期暴晒容易引起硅油渗出，严重影响美观和污染基材。基于异氰酸酯基湿气固化的聚氨酯类密封胶不存在硅油渗出，抗位移能力尚可，但是粘接强度达不到结构性粘接的要求。此外，现有透明组角胶因美观特性，越来越受到市场青睐，而上述几种类型的组角胶即使能调控出优异的透明性，仍然存在上述各自性能的不足。
发明内容
本为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶。
本发明涉及的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶包含以下重量份的成分：
硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物 30～60份；
透明填料 25～50份；
增塑剂 5～20份
硅烷偶联剂 0.5～2份。
优选地，所述硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物由聚醚二元醇、生物基多元醇与二异氰酸酯和氨基硅烷在催化剂作用下反应制得。
优选地，所述硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物的制备中，聚醚二元醇为分子量1000～5000g/mol的聚氧化丙烯醚。
优选地，所述硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物的制备中，生物基多元醇为羟值200～400mg(KOH)/g、黏度(25℃)300～3000mPa·s大豆油多元醇、棕榈油多元醇或橄榄油多元醇中的一种或多种混合物。
优选地，所述硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物的制备中，二异氰酸酯为4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)或液化MDI中的一种。
优选地，所述硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物的制备中，氨基硅烷为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷，γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷，N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷，N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷，N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷，苯氨基甲基三乙氧基硅烷，苯氨基甲基三甲氧基硅烷，氨乙基氨乙基氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种。
优选地，所述透明填料为500～3000目TMT系列透明粉。
优选地，所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)、邻苯二甲酸二辛壬酯(DINP)、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯(DIDP)中的一种或多种混合物。
优选地，所述硅烷偶联剂为环氧基硅烷偶联剂，即3-[(2,3)-环氧丙氧]丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油醚氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、2-(3,4-环氧环己烷)乙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或多种混合物。
所述硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物的制备方法如下：控制反应体系
[OH]/[NCO]/[NH2]摩尔比为1/2/1，按照设定配方往反应器中投入聚醚二元醇、生物基多元醇，升温至120℃，控制真空度不大于-0.095MPa，在该条件下除水1～2小时；降温至75～85℃，投入二异氰酸酯，氮气保护下反应0.5～1小时，加入催化剂如二月桂酸二丁基锡，继续反应1～2小时后，降温至40～50℃，投入氨基硅烷偶联剂，反应2～4小时，得到硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物，密封保存备用。
所述单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶制备方法如下：反应器内温度控制在25～30℃，按设定配方投入硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物、透明填料、增塑剂和硅烷偶联剂，控制真空度不大于-0.095MPa，搅拌混合0.5～1小时，计量出料，密封包装得产品。
本发明的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶有益效果：(1)采用长链柔性聚氧化丙烯醚二元醇搭配低分子量生物基多元醇控制体系的交联密度，能有效调节硬度和模量；(2)硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物搭配硅烷偶联剂，既能实现通过湿气快速固化，又能显著提升粘接强度；(3)有机物原料和无机填料混合后能够达到高度透明的效果。
具体实施实例
为更好的说明本发明的目的、技术方案和优点，下面将结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
本发明实施例及对比例中实验所用的原料如下，但是不限于以下原料，本发明只是以下原料为具体例子来进一步具体说明本申请中所述长效低气味低VOC单组份聚氨酯密封胶的效果：
聚醚二元醇：山东蓝星东大DL2000D，分子量2000g/mol。
生物基多元醇：马来西亚Maskimi Polyol Sdn Bhd公司NOP系列棕榈油多元醇PKSU32，羟值370～380mg(KOH)/g、黏度(25℃)1600～1800mPa·s。
二异氰酸酯：烟台万华MDI-100。
氨基硅烷：γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷，KH550。
透明填料：三桂牌TMT-1500微细透明粉。
增塑剂：南京荣基化工DOP，。
硅烷偶联剂：南京辰工2-(3,4-环氧环己烷)乙基三甲氧基硅烷，CG-186。
剪切强度测试：参考GB/T7124-2008测试粘接铝材的剪切强度来反应本发明组角胶的粘接强度。
透明性：参考GB/T 2410-2008采用分光光度计法进行测量透光率，样品厚度0.5mm，取550nm处数值，每组3个平行样品，取平均值
邵氏硬度A：参考GB/T531.1-2008方法进行测试。
实施例和对比例制备方法如下：
本发明设置实施例1～6及对比例1～2，实验步骤和方法相同，获得一系列单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，其制备方法如下：
步骤(1)：控制反应体系[OH]/[NCO]/[NH2]摩尔比为1/2/1，按照设定配方往反应器中投入聚醚二元醇DL2000D、棕榈油多元醇PK SU32，升温至120℃，控制真空度不大于-0.095MPa，在该条件下除水1～2小时；降温至75～85℃，投入二异氰酸酯MDI-100，氮气保护下反应0.5～1小时，加入催化剂如二月桂酸二丁基锡，继续反应1～2小时后，降温至40～50℃，投入氨基硅烷KH550，反应2～4小时，得到硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物。
步骤(2)：上述反应器内温度控制在25～30℃，按设定配方投入硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物、TMT-1500透明粉、增塑剂DOP和硅烷偶联剂CG-186，控制真空度不大于-0.095MPa，搅拌混合0.5～1小时，计量出料，密封包装得产品。
实施例1～8及对比例1～3的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶配方和性能如表1所示
表1实施例1～8均具有较优异的粘接性能、透明性和硬度，对比例1～3的剪切强度虽然能满足铝材的粘接要求，这是因为基于聚氨酯预聚物的端硅烷基通过水解和脱水缩合具有较高的粘接能力，说明本发明的方案的在粘接能力的设计上具有显著的优势，在体系中补充硅烷偶联剂能协效大幅提升粘接强度。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明。本发明可以有各种合适的更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (11)
1.一种单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，其特征在于，所述的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，由硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物30～60重量份、透明填料25～50重量份、增塑剂5～2重量份、硅烷偶联剂0.5～20重量份混合而成。
2.根据权利要求1所述的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，其特征在于，所述硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物由聚醚二元醇、生物基多元醇与二异氰酸酯和氨基硅烷在催化剂作用下反应制得。
3.根据权利要求1～2所述的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，其特征在于，所述硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物的制备中，聚醚二元醇为分子量1000～5000g/mol的聚氧化丙烯醚。
4.根据权利要求1～3所述的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，其特征在于，所述硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物的合成中，生物基多元醇为羟值200～400mg(KOH)/g、黏度(25℃)300～3000mPa·s大豆油多元醇、棕榈油多元醇或橄榄油多元醇中的一种或多种混合物。
5.根据权利要求1～4所述的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，其特征在于，所述硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物的制备中，二异氰酸酯为4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)或液化MDI中的一种。
6.根据权利要求1～5所述的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，其特征在于，所述硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物的制备中，氨基硅烷为γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷，γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷，N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷，N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷，N-β(氨乙基)-γ-氨丙基甲基二乙氧基硅烷，苯氨基甲基三乙氧基硅烷，苯氨基甲基三甲氧基硅烷，氨乙基氨乙基氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种。
7.根据权利要求1～6所述的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，其特征在于，所述透明填料为500～3000目TMT系列透明粉。
8.根据权利要求1～7所述的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，其特征在于，所述增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)、邻苯二甲酸二辛壬酯(DINP)、邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯(DIDP)中的一种或多种混合物。
9.根据权利要求1～8所述的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，其特征在于，所述硅烷偶联剂为环氧基硅烷偶联剂，即3-[(2,3)-环氧丙氧]丙基甲基二甲氧基硅烷、3-缩水甘油醚氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、2-(3,4-环氧环己烷)乙基三甲氧基硅烷中的一种或多种混合物。
10.根据权利要求1～9所述的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，其特征在于，所述硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物的制备方法如下：控制反应体系[OH]/[NCO]/[NH2]摩尔比为1/2/1，按照设定配方往反应器中投入聚醚二元醇、生物基多元醇，升温至120℃，控制真空度不大于-0.095MPa，在该条件下除水1～2小时；降温至75～85℃，投入二异氰酸酯，氮气保护下反应0.5～1小时，加入催化剂如二月桂酸二丁基锡，继续反应1～2小时后，降温至40～50℃，投入氨基硅烷，反应2～4小时，得到硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物，密封保存备用。
11.根据权利要求1～10所述的单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶，其特征在于，所述单组份透明高粘接强度硅烷改性聚氨酯组角胶制备方法如下：反应器内温度控制在25～30℃，按设定配方投入硅烷改性聚氨酯预聚物、透明填料、增塑剂和硅烷偶联剂，控制真空度不大于-0.095MPa，搅拌混合0.5～1小时，计量出料，密封包装得产品。
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| CN112625214A (zh) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 大连工业大学 | 一种含支化侧链的湿固化硅烷封端聚氨酯 |
| CN113637448A (zh) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-12 | 湖北回天新材料股份有限公司 | 一种单组份聚氨酯组角胶及其制备方法 |
| CN115725260A (zh) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-03-03 | 广东桐远新材料有限公司 | 一种环保型门窗用组角胶 |
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| CN112625214A (zh) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 大连工业大学 | 一种含支化侧链的湿固化硅烷封端聚氨酯 |
| CN113637448A (zh) * | 2021-08-17 | 2021-11-12 | 湖北回天新材料股份有限公司 | 一种单组份聚氨酯组角胶及其制备方法 |
| CN113637448B (zh) * | 2021-08-17 | 2022-05-06 | 湖北回天新材料股份有限公司 | 一种单组份聚氨酯组角胶及其制备方法 |
| CN115725260A (zh) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-03-03 | 广东桐远新材料有限公司 | 一种环保型门窗用组角胶 |
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