CN111978162B - 一种芳香酮类化合物的合成新方法 - Google Patents

一种芳香酮类化合物的合成新方法 Download PDF

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CN111978162B
CN111978162B CN202010977483.6A CN202010977483A CN111978162B CN 111978162 B CN111978162 B CN 111978162B CN 202010977483 A CN202010977483 A CN 202010977483A CN 111978162 B CN111978162 B CN 111978162B
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唐林
杨芳
张帅飞
程昊
谭嘉靖
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种以炔烃和N‑氟代双苯磺酰胺作为反应的起始原料,在氧化剂的作用下,通过铜催化炔烃断裂的单电子转移的机理来合成目标芳香酮化合物的新方法。该方法底物范围广,脂肪和芳香炔烃都可以作为底物来构建不同取代的芳香酮化合物。此外,该方法涉及的反应条件温和、操作简单、产物多样性、可以实现放大量生产。

Description

一种芳香酮类化合物的合成新方法
技术领域
本发明涉及化学合成领域,具体为一种芳香酮类化合物的合成新方法。
背景技术
芳香酮化合物是一类种重要的有机化工原料,在诸多领域如有机合成、高分子、医药、农药等展示了广阔泛的应用前景。芳香酮的合成方法常见的有芳香醇的氧化、烷烃的卞位氧化、羧酸衍生物的格氏反应。近年来,炔烃的断裂反应也被逐渐报道了,通过炔键的断裂可以有效构建羧酸衍生物和腈(Org.Lett.2016,18,860;Eur.J.Org.Chem.2016,3056;J.Am.Chem.Soc.2019,141,1593)。迄今为止,只有一例报道通过光诱导的铜催化炔烃的断裂和苯酚偶联来构建芳香酮(J.Am.Chem.Soc.2017,139,2896)。因此,发展一种新型的通过炔烃断裂来构建芳香酮的方法就显得至关重要。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术中的不足,本发明提供了一种以炔烃和N-氟代双苯磺酰胺作为反应的起始原料,在氧化剂的作用下,通过铜催化的单子电子转移的机理来合成目标芳香酮化合物的新方法。该方法底物范围非常广,脂肪和芳香炔烃都可以作为底物来构建不同取代的芳香酮化合物。此方法涉及的反应条件温和、操作简单,产物多样性、可以实现放大量生产。
本发明的目的是这样实现的:
将具有结构(I)的炔烃和结构(II)的N-氟代双苯磺酰胺分散在溶剂中,加入适量的铜催化剂以及氧化剂,所述的铜催化剂为硫酸铜、硝酸铜、乙酸铜、三氟甲磺酸铜、溴化铜或氧化铜,在60—100℃温度下通过搅拌即可得到具有结构(III)的芳香酮化合物:
Figure GDA0003779013850000021
III的具体结构为:
Figure GDA0003779013850000022
所述的溶剂为乙腈、四氢呋喃、甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、丙酮、1,4-二氧六环、乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷;
所述的氧化剂为叔丁基过氧化氢或过氧化二异丙苯;
所述的炔烃与N-氟代双苯磺酰胺的摩尔比为1:1.5—1:3;
所述的炔烃与铜催化剂的摩尔比为10:1—10:3;
所述的炔烃与氧化剂的摩尔比为1:2—1:4。
有益效果:与现有化学合成领域相关技术相比,本发明第一次实现了铜催化炔烃和N-氟代双苯磺酰胺的自由基脱二氧化硫反应来直接构建芳香酮化合物。该反应条件温和、操作简单,可以制备各种取代的目标化合物。
附图说明
图1和图2分别为根据本发明实施例1制备芳香酮化合物3aa的核磁共振氢谱和碳谱;
图3和图4分别为根据本发明实施例2制备芳香酮化合物3ab的核磁共振氢谱和碳谱;
图5和图6分别为根据本发明实施例3制备芳香酮化合物3ac的核磁共振氢谱和碳谱;
图7和图8分别为根据本发明实施例4制备芳香酮化合物3ad的核磁共振氢谱和碳谱;
图9和图10分别为根据本发明实施例5制备芳香酮化合物3aq的核磁共振氢谱和碳谱;
图11和图12分别为根据本发明实施例6制备芳香酮化合物3ar的核磁共振氢谱和碳谱。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图及实施例,对本发明做进一步的说明:
所述的一种2-氟代-1,3-二羰基化合物的合成新方法,包括以下步骤:
将具有结构(I)的炔烃和结构(II)的N-氟代双苯磺酰胺分散在溶剂中,加入适量的铜催化剂以及氧化剂,所述的铜催化剂为硫酸铜、硝酸铜、乙酸铜、三氟甲磺酸铜、溴化铜或氧化铜,在60—100℃温度下通过搅拌即可得到具有结构(III)的芳香酮化合物:
Figure GDA0003779013850000041
III的具体结构为:
Figure GDA0003779013850000042
所述的溶剂为乙腈、四氢呋喃、甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、丙酮、1,4-二氧六环、乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷;
所述的氧化剂为叔丁基过氧化氢或过氧化二异丙苯;
所述的炔烃与N-氟代双苯磺酰胺的摩尔比为1:1.5—1:3;
所述的炔烃与铜催化剂的摩尔比为10:1—10:3;
所述的炔烃与氧化剂的摩尔比为1:2—1:4。
实施例1
在一个洁净干燥的10毫升圆底烧瓶中,依次加入0.3毫摩尔苯乙炔、0.06毫摩尔硫酸铜、0.6毫摩尔N-氟代双苯磺酰胺、0.9毫摩尔叔丁基过氧化氢和2毫升乙腈,将上述反应混合物于80℃条件下反应4小时。反应结束后,反应混合物通过萃取,浓缩,再用石油醚和乙酸乙酯作为洗脱液进行过柱分离,得到44毫克淡黄色固体,产率约为81%。
本实施例制备的产物核磁共振氢谱如图1所示,核磁共振碳谱如图2所示。从图谱中可以确认,获得的产物为目标类化合物3aa。
实施例2
在一个洁净干燥的10毫升圆底烧瓶中,依次加入0.3毫摩尔对氟苯乙炔、0.06毫摩尔硝酸铜、0.6毫摩尔N-氟代双苯磺酰胺、0.9毫摩尔叔丁基过氧化氢和2毫升乙腈,将上述反应混合物于80℃条件下反应4小时。反应结束后,反应混合物通过萃取,浓缩,再用石油醚和乙酸乙酯作为洗脱液进行过柱分离,得到43毫克淡黄色固体,产率约为75%。
本实施例制备的产物核磁共振氢谱如图3所示,核磁共振碳谱如图4所示。从图谱中可以确认,获得的产物为目标类化合物3ab。
实施例3
在一个洁净干燥的10毫升圆底烧瓶中,依次加入0.3毫摩尔对氯苯乙炔、0.06毫摩尔硫酸铜、0.6毫摩尔N-氟代双苯磺酰胺、1.0毫摩尔叔丁基过氧化氢和2毫升乙腈,将上述反应混合物于80℃条件下反应4小时。反应结束后,反应混合物通过萃取,浓缩,再用石油醚和乙酸乙酯作为洗脱液进行过柱分离,得到52毫克白色固体,产率约为80%。
本实施例制备的产物核磁共振氢谱如图5所示,核磁共振碳谱如图6所示。从图谱中可以确认,获得的产物为目标类化合物3ac。
实施例4
在一个洁净干燥的10毫升圆底烧瓶中,依次加入0.3毫摩尔4-溴苯乙炔、0.06毫摩尔硫酸铜、0.6毫摩尔N-氟代双苯磺酰胺、0.9毫摩尔叔丁基过氧化氢和2毫升乙腈,将上述反应混合物于80℃条件下反应4小时。反应结束后,反应混合物通过萃取,浓缩,再用石油醚和乙酸乙酯作为洗脱液进行过柱分离,得到41毫克白色固体,产率约为52%。
本实施例制备的产物核磁共振氢谱如图7所示,核磁共振碳谱如图8所示。从图谱中可以确认,获得的产物为目标类化合物3ad。
实施例5
在一个洁净干燥的10毫升圆底烧瓶中,依次加入0.3毫摩尔3-乙炔基吡啶、0.06毫摩尔硫酸铜、0.6毫摩尔N-氟代双苯磺酰胺、0.9毫摩尔叔丁基过氧化氢和2毫升乙腈,将上述反应混合物于90℃条件下反应4小时。反应结束后,反应混合物通过萃取,浓缩,再用石油醚和乙酸乙酯作为洗脱液进行过柱分离,得到43毫克淡黄色液体,产率约为78%。
本实施例制备的产物核磁共振氢谱如图9所示,核磁共振碳谱如图10所示。从图谱中可以确认,获得的产物为目标类化合物3aq。
实施例6
在一个洁净干燥的10毫升圆底烧瓶中,依次加入0.3毫摩尔苯丁炔、0.06毫摩尔硫酸铜、0.6毫摩尔N-氟代双苯磺酰胺、0.9毫摩尔叔丁基过氧化氢和2毫升乙腈,将上述反应混合物于80℃条件下反应4小时。反应结束后,反应混合物通过萃取,浓缩,再用石油醚和乙酸乙酯作为洗脱液进行过柱分离,得到31毫克白色固体,产率约为49%。
本实施例制备的产物核磁共振氢谱如图11所示,核磁共振碳谱如图12所示。从图谱中可以确认,获得的产物为目标类化合物3ar。
在一个实施方案中,本发明提供的一种芳香酮化合物的合成新方法,在铜催化剂的催化以及过氧化物氧化作用下,N-氟代双苯磺酰胺和炔烃可以通过单电子转移机理来构建芳香酮化合物。
在本发明中,所述的铜催化剂和N-氟代双苯磺酰胺发生单电子反应而得到氮自由基,继而进攻炔烃,在通过分子内环化、脱二氧化硫、自由基异构化、水化、自由基加成再裂解等过程可以顺利构建目标化合物。本发明提供了一种芳香酮化合物的合成新方法,具体机理如下所示:
Figure GDA0003779013850000071
上述是对本发明优选的实施例的说明,以使本领域技术人员能够实现或使用本发明,对这些实施例的一些修改对本领域专业人员来说是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的范围或精神情况下,在其他实施例中实现。因此,本发明范围不受上述具体实施例的限制。

Claims (6)

1.一种芳香酮类化合物的合成新方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
将具有结构(I)的炔烃和结构(II)的N-氟代双苯磺酰胺分散在溶剂中,加入适量的铜催化剂以及氧化剂,所述的铜催化剂为硫酸铜、硝酸铜、乙酸铜、三氟甲磺酸铜、溴化铜或氧化铜,在60-100℃温度下通过搅拌即可得到具有结构(III)的芳香酮化合物:
Figure FDA0003893717270000011
III的具体结构为:
Figure FDA0003893717270000012
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种芳香酮类化合物的合成新方法,其特征在于:所述的溶剂为乙腈、四氢呋喃、甲苯、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、丙酮、1,4-二氧六环、乙酸乙酯或二氯甲烷。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种芳香酮类化合物的合成新方法,其特征在于:所述的氧化剂为叔丁基过氧化氢或过氧化二异丙苯。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种芳香酮类化合物的合成新方法,其特征在于:所述的炔烃与N-氟代双苯磺酰胺的摩尔比为1:1.5-1:3。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种芳香酮类化合物的合成新方法,其特征在于:所述的炔烃与铜催化剂的摩尔比为10:1-10:3。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种芳香酮类化合物的合成新方法,其特征在于:所述的炔烃与氧化剂的摩尔比为1:2-1:4。
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