CN111978129A - Amino acid water-soluble fertilizer - Google Patents
Amino acid water-soluble fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111978129A CN111978129A CN202010947837.2A CN202010947837A CN111978129A CN 111978129 A CN111978129 A CN 111978129A CN 202010947837 A CN202010947837 A CN 202010947837A CN 111978129 A CN111978129 A CN 111978129A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
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Abstract
The invention discloses an amino acid water-soluble fertilizer which is prepared from paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, polyglutamic acid fermentation liquor, small molecular amino acid, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, chelated medium elements and a thickening agent. The product has the following advantages: fermentation liquor is directly used, so that the process of centrifugation or filtration is avoided, and the cost is reduced; the paecilomyces lilacinus has good nematode prevention and control effect, is safe and pollution-free; the potash fertilizer increases the toughness of the root system of the crop, and can effectively prevent nematode infection; the micromolecule amino acid can be directly absorbed and utilized by the root system, and the rapid growth of the crop root system or the rapid recovery of the damaged root system is promoted; the chitosan oligosaccharide is matched with organic matters, so that the influence of root-knot nematodes on crops can be reduced, and the combined infection of bacteria or fungi on plant root systems can be reduced. The microbial agent and the water soluble fertilizer are mixed and mutually soluble, the solution is in a stable colloid state, and the conidium of the microbial agent can stably survive and keep the biological activity for a long time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to an amino acid water-soluble fertilizer for protecting roots and preventing and controlling nematodes and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the root knot nematode disease rapidly spreads due to soil hardening and acidification, the disease condition is aggravated year by year, the incidence rate of some vegetable planting areas reaches 100%, the yield loss reaches 30-50%, and the serious loss reaches 80%. Only one vegetable in China is lost by 200 billion yuan every year, and great loss is caused to the country. The prevention and treatment of the nematode disease are mainly chemical pesticides, the chemical pesticides are forbidden by national regulations due to high toxicity and high residue, and a biological prevention and treatment method becomes the only way for preventing and treating the nematode disease.
Paecilomyces lilacinus belongs to endoparasitic fungi, is an important natural enemy of some plant parasitic nematodes, can parasitize eggs, larvae and female worms of the nematodes, and can obviously reduce the harm of plant nematode diseases such as root-knot nematodes, cyst nematodes, stem nematodes and the like of various crops. It has the advantages of wide host, high control effect, easy culture, etc. and is one kind of biological pesticide with great popularization potential.
Compared with the product using the solid paecilomyces lilacinus conidium powder, the product with the fermentation liquid has the following advantages: (1) the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor contains a plurality of active substances and has antagonistic action on corn small spot disease, wheat scab, cucumber colletotrichum, cotton wilt, rice bakanae disease and the like; (2) the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor contains substances similar to indoleacetic acid, and can promote the rapid growth of plants; (3) the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor contains chitinase and can promote the dissolution of insoluble phosphate. (4) The paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor and the polyglutamic acid fermentation liquor can increase the survival rate of conidia in soil. The main factor causing the effective viable count to be attenuated is the drastic change of nutrients, water and soil pH, the fermentation liquor wraps the conidia, a certain buffering effect can be achieved on the external environment where the conidia exist, meanwhile, the fermentation liquor can provide primary nutrition for germination and field planting of the paecilomyces lilacinus, after the fermentation liquor is applied, the fermentation liquor can be rapidly recovered and propagated, the stress effect of adverse environment on the conidia is effectively reduced, and therefore the survival rate of the conidia in the soil can be greatly improved with the fermentation liquor. (5) The fermentation liquor contains proper organic salt and stabilizer, and the storage process can make conidium activity or metabolism in static or semi-static state, so that the life period or active period of the product is prolonged.
The water soluble fertilizer is a liquid or solid fertilizer which is dissolved or diluted by water and is used for drip irrigation fertilization, spray irrigation fertilization, foliar fertilization, soilless culture, seed soaking and root dipping and the like. The water-soluble fertilizer has the obvious advantages of instant dissolution, uniform fertilization, high absorption rate, quick response, convenient application and the like, is developed rapidly, and along with the national vigorous popularization of water and fertilizer integration, the market scale and the sales volume of the water-soluble fertilizer are increased year by year. Soil-borne diseases are a planting problem which is still unsolved in the world, water, fertilizer and pesticide are uniformly diffused in soil by using a water and fertilizer integrated facility, the soil-borne diseases are prevented and treated in the fertilizing process, and the water-soluble fertilizer has the advantages of time saving, labor saving, high efficiency and the like, and is one of the most important development directions of water-soluble fertilizers in the future.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of harm of nematode diseases in the planting process of melons, fruits and vegetables, and discloses an amino acid water-soluble fertilizer for protecting roots and preventing and controlling nematodes and a preparation method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is to provide an amino acid water-soluble fertilizer, which comprises raw materials of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, gamma-PGA fermentation inactivation liquor, small molecular amino acid, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, chelated medium-weight elements, a thickening agent and desalted water; the mass fractions of the raw materials are respectively 40-50 wt%, 22-32 wt%, 5-15 wt%, 1-3 wt%, 6-12 wt%, 2-5 wt%, 0.1-1.0 wt% and 3-10 wt%.
Preferably, the weight fractions of the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquid, the gamma-PGA fermentation inactivation liquid, the small molecular amino acid, the chitosan oligosaccharide, the potassium alginate, the chelated medium element, the thickening agent and the desalted water are respectively 45wt%, 26 wt%, 10 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 9 wt%, 3 wt%, 0.5 wt% and 5wt% of the desalted water.
The paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor contains 30 hundred million/g of effective conidia. The strains were isolated from tomato nematode infected plants by the Hubei Bonderland research and development team. After liquid fermentation, the obtained conidia need to be cultured and matured, the mature conidia are round, and the fermentation liquid is dark purple. The culture medium comprises: starch 2%, Sucrose 3%, NaNO3 0.3％、KH2PO40.1％、NH4Cl 0.05％、MgSO4·7H2O 0.05％、FeSO4.7H20.001 percent of O. The fermentation conditions comprise: initial pH6.0, charge 65%, inoculum size 10%, culture temperature 28.5 ℃, aeration ratio 1-1.5vvm, culture time 80 hours.
The gamma-PGA is obtained by a fermentation mode, the content of the gamma-PGA in the fermentation liquor is 1.9-2.5%, and the inactivation temperature of the fermentation liquor is 65 ℃. The strain bacillus subtilis is separated from soil by the research and development team of Hubei Bonderland phosphate group. The culture medium comprises: glucose 3.3%, Sucrose 1.2%, yeast powder 0.60%, KH2PO4 0.15％、NH4Cl 0.30％、MgSO4·7H20.01 percent of O and 3.5 percent of sodium glutamate. The fermentation conditions comprise: initial pH8.0, loading 65%, inoculation amount 8%, culture temperature 37.5-38.5 ℃, aeration ratio 1.0-2.0vvm, culture time 75 hours.
The potassium content of the potassium alginate solution is more than or equal to 15g/L, and the potassium fertilizer can increase the toughness of crop root systems and can prevent nematode infection to a certain extent.
The small molecular amino acid comprises any one of phenylalanine, valine, threonine, glycine, alanine and arginine. The micromolecule amino acid can be directly absorbed and utilized by the root system of the crop, the nutrient absorption and transfer rate of the crop is greatly improved compared with that of the common water-soluble fertilizer, the rapid rooting and root strengthening of the crop are promoted, and the rapid repair of the damaged root system of the crop is promoted.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the polyglutamic acid and the potassium alginate can be synergized, the root growth of crops is promoted, the resistance of the crops to adversity is enhanced, the yield of the crops is increased, and the quality of the crops is improved.
The chitosan oligosaccharide can reduce the influence of the root knot nematode disease on crops by matching with organic matters, and reduce the combined infection of bacteria or fungi on plant root systems.
The chelated element is calcium and magnesium, and the thickening agent is sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
The preparation method of the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of fermenting paecilomyces lilacinus to obtain conidium-containing fermentation liquor;
Gamma-PGA fermentation and fermentation liquor inactivation are carried out;
mixing the gamma-PGA fermentation inactivation solution and the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth in proportion;
adding chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, small molecular amino acid, chelated medium elements and a thickening agent into the mixed liquid;
and fifthly, adding desalted water to constant volume, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5.
Compared with the conventional amino acid-containing water soluble fertilizer (NY1429-2010), the product has the following advantages: (1) the fermentation liquor is directly used, so that the centrifugation or filtration process is avoided, and the production cost is reduced; (2) the paecilomyces lilacinus has good nematode prevention and control effect, is safe and pollution-free; (3) the microbial agent and the water soluble fertilizer are mixed and mutually soluble, the solution is in a stable colloid shape, and conidia of the microbial agent can stably survive and keep the biological activity for a long time; (4) the potash fertilizer increases the toughness of the root system of the crop, and can effectively prevent nematode infection; (5) the micromolecule amino acid can be directly absorbed and utilized by the root system, thereby promoting the rapid growth of the crop root system or promoting the rapid recovery of the damaged root system; (6) the chitosan oligosaccharide is matched with organic matters, so that the influence of root-knot nematodes on crops can be reduced, and the combined infection of bacteria or fungi on plant root systems can be reduced. Tests show that the water-soluble fertilizer can effectively prevent and treat nematode diseases in the planting process of melons, fruits and vegetables, and has very obvious effects of increasing yield and income.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the nematode infestation of tomato roots, where A is the nematode infestation of tomato roots by applying amino acid water-soluble fertilizer of blank control group, and B is the nematode infestation of tomato roots by applying water-soluble fertilizer of example 27 of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth, 26% of gamma-PGA fermentation broth, 10% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 7% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium and 7% of desalted water.
Wherein the gamma-PGA fermentation liquor contains 2.5 percent of gamma-PGA by mass fraction. The strain used in the invention is bacillus subtilis.
Wherein the content of effective conidium in the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor is 30 hundred million/g. The strain used by the invention is paecilomyces lilacinus, which is separated from tomato nematode disease plants by Hubei Bonderland phosphate group research and development teams.
The preparation method of the water soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following steps: (1) fermenting paecilomyces lilacinus to obtain fermentation liquor containing conidia; (2) gamma-PGA fermentation, and inactivation of fermentation liquor; (3) mixing the gamma-PGA fermentation inactivation solution and the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth in proportion; (4) adding chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, small molecular amino acid, chelated medium elements and a thickening agent into the mixed solution; (5) adding desalted water to constant volume, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5.
And (4) hermetically storing the finished water-soluble fertilizer for 6 months, and counting viable bacteria in the fermentation liquor by a dilution coating flat plate method.
The content of water-insoluble substances is measured by NY/T1115-2006 standard.
Example 2
The procedure was as in example 1, except that the mass fraction of potassium alginate was 8%.
Example 3
The procedure was as in example 1, except that the mass fraction of potassium alginate was 9%.
Example 4
The procedure was as in example 1, except that the mass fraction of potassium alginate was 10%.
Example 5
The procedure was as in example 1, except that the mass fraction of potassium alginate was 11%.
Example 6
The procedure was as in example 1, except that the mass fraction of potassium alginate was 12%.
Table one: influence of potassium alginate with different concentrations on number and water solubility of active conidia of water-soluble paecilomyces lilacinus
As can be seen from the table, when the content of the potassium alginate is less than or equal to 9%, the survival of the conidia of the microbial inoculum in the water-soluble fertilizer is not influenced, and when the content of the potassium alginate is more than 9%, the survival rate of the conidia starts to be reduced sharply along with the gradual increase of the concentration of the potassium alginate. Along with the increase of the content of the potassium alginate, the content of insoluble substances of the water-soluble fertilizer is gradually increased, and the content of the insoluble substances is increased to 0.03 percent when the content of the potassium alginate exceeds 10 percent.
Example 7
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth, 20% of gamma-PGA fermentation broth, 10% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium and 11% of desalted water.
Wherein the gamma-PGA fermentation liquor contains 2.5 percent of gamma-PGA by mass fraction. The strain used in the invention is bacillus subtilis.
Wherein the content of effective conidium in the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor is 30 hundred million/g. The strain used by the invention is paecilomyces lilacinus, which is separated from tomato nematode disease plants by Hubei Bonderland phosphate group research and development teams.
The preparation method of the water soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following steps: (1) fermenting paecilomyces lilacinus to obtain fermentation liquor containing conidia; (2) gamma-PGA fermentation, and inactivation of fermentation liquor; (3) mixing the gamma-PGA fermentation inactivation solution and the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth in proportion; (4) adding chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, small molecular amino acid, chelated medium elements and a thickening agent into the mixed solution; (5) adding desalted water to constant volume, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5.
And (4) hermetically storing the finished water-soluble fertilizer for 6 months, and counting viable bacteria in the fermentation liquor by a dilution coating flat plate method.
The content of water-insoluble substances is measured by NY/T1115-2006 standard.
Example 8
The procedure was as in example 7 except that the mass fraction of the γ -PGA fermentation broth was 22%.
Example 9
The procedure was the same as in example 7 except that the mass fraction of the γ -PGA fermentation broth was 24%.
Example 10
The procedure was the same as in example 7 except that the mass fraction of the γ -PGA fermentation broth was 26%.
Example 11
The procedure was the same as in example 7 except that the mass fraction of the γ -PGA fermentation broth was 28%.
Example 12
The procedure was the same as in example 7 except that the mass fraction of the γ -PGA fermentation broth was 30%.
Table two: influence of different concentrations of gamma-PGA on number of active conidia and water solubility of water-soluble paecilomyces lilacinus
As can be seen from the table, when the content of gamma-PGA is increased from 20% to 30%, the survival of conidia of the fungicide in the water-soluble fertilizer is not affected. Along with the increase of the content of the gamma-PGA in the water-soluble fertilizer, the content of insoluble substances in the water-soluble fertilizer is not influenced.
Example 13
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth, 26% of gamma-PGA fermentation broth, 6% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium and 9% of pure water.
Wherein the gamma-PGA fermentation liquor contains 2.5 percent of gamma-PGA by mass fraction. The strain used in the invention is bacillus subtilis.
Wherein the content of effective conidium in the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor is 30 hundred million/g. The strain used by the invention is paecilomyces lilacinus, which is separated from tomato nematode disease infected plants by Hubei Bonderland phosphate group research and development teams and can also be purchased on the internet.
The preparation method of the water soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following steps: (1) fermenting paecilomyces lilacinus to obtain fermentation liquor containing conidia; (2) gamma-PGA fermentation, and inactivation of fermentation liquor; (3) mixing the gamma-PGA fermentation inactivation solution and the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth in proportion; (4) adding chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, small molecular amino acid, chelated medium elements and a thickening agent into the mixed solution; (5) adding desalted water to constant volume, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5.
And (4) hermetically storing the finished water-soluble fertilizer for 6 months, and counting viable bacteria in the fermentation liquor by a dilution coating flat plate method.
The content of water-insoluble substances is measured by NY/T1115-2006 standard.
Example 14
The procedure was as in example 13, except that the mass fraction of alanine was 8%.
Example 15
The procedure was as in example 13, except that the mass fraction of alanine was 10%.
Example 16
The procedure was as in example 13, except that the mass fraction of alanine was 12%.
Example 17
The procedure was as in example 13, except that the mass fraction of alanine was 14%.
Example 18
The procedure was as in example 13, except that the mass fraction of small amino acids was 16%.
Table three: influence of different concentrations of small molecular amino acids on number and water solubility of active conidia of water-soluble paecilomyces lilacinus
As can be seen from the table, when the content of the micromolecular amino acid is less than or equal to 12%, the survival of the conidia of the microbial inoculum in the water-soluble fertilizer is not influenced, and when the content of the potassium alginate is more than or equal to 14%, the survival rate of the conidia begins to decrease along with the increase of the concentration of the micromolecular amino acid. The content of insoluble substances in the water-soluble fertilizer has no obvious change along with the increase of the content of the micromolecular amino acid.
Example 19
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth, 26% of gamma-PGA fermentation broth, 10% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium and 5% of pure water.
Wherein the gamma-PGA fermentation liquor contains 2.5 percent of gamma-PGA by mass fraction. The strain used in the invention is bacillus subtilis.
Wherein the content of effective conidium in the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor is 30 hundred million/g. The strain used by the invention is paecilomyces lilacinus, which is separated from tomato nematode disease plants by Hubei Bonderland phosphate group research and development teams and can also be purchased.
The preparation method of the water soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of fermenting paecilomyces lilacinus to obtain conidium-containing fermentation liquor; Gamma-PGA fermentation and fermentation liquor inactivation are carried out; mixing the gamma-PGA fermentation inactivation solution and the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth in proportion; adding chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, alanine, chelated medium elements and a thickening agent into the mixed liquid; and fifthly, adding desalted water to constant volume, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5.
Example 20
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1.35 percent of paecilomyces lilacinus conidium powder, 26 percent of gamma-PGA fermentation liquor, 10 percent of alanine, 1.5 percent of chitosan, 9 percent of potassium alginate, 3 percent of chelated element calcium and magnesium, 0.5 percent of thickener sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 48.65 percent of pure water.
Wherein the gamma-PGA fermentation liquor contains 2.5 percent of gamma-PGA by mass fraction. The strain used in the invention is bacillus subtilis.
Wherein the effective conidium number of the paecilomyces lilacinus conidium powder is 1000 hundred million/g. The strain used by the invention is paecilomyces lilacinus, which is separated from tomato nematode disease plants by Hubei Bonderland phosphate group research and development teams.
The preparation method of the water soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following steps: the fermentation method comprises the steps of gamma-PGA fermentation and fermentation liquor inactivation; adding paecilomyces lilacinus spore powder, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, alanine, chelated medium elements and a thickening agent into the fermentation inactivation liquid; (3) adding desalted water to constant volume, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5.
Example 21
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 26% of gamma-PGA fermentation liquor, 10% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelate-state element calcium magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium and 50% of pure water.
Wherein the gamma-PGA fermentation liquor contains 2.5 percent of gamma-PGA by mass fraction. The strain used in the invention is bacillus subtilis.
The preparation method of the water soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following steps: : the fermentation method comprises the steps of gamma-PGA fermentation and fermentation liquor inactivation; adding chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, alanine, chelated medium elements and a thickening agent into the fermentation inactivation liquid; (3) adding desalted water to constant volume, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5.
A tomato field with uniform physicochemical properties is selected for experiments in Shandong Weifang shou tomato producing areas. The test field was randomly divided into 3 equal pieces, one of which was controlled using an aqueous fertilizer without paecilomyces lilacinus. The fertilizer is applied once in the seedling stage, 10 days before the flowering period and 10 days after the flowering period of the tomatoes respectively, and the fertilizer is applied in a flushing mode, wherein 7.5L of the product is used in each mu of land. And (5) calculating the incidence rate, the ear number and the yield per mu of the root-knot nematodes. The comparative results are as follows:
table four: influence of conidium powder water-soluble fertilizer and liquid fermentation liquor water-soluble fertilizer on incidence and yield of root-knot nematodes
| Root knot nematode morbidity (%) | Ear number (number) | Mu yield (kg) | |
| Example 19 | 2.5 | 5 | 4243 |
| Example 20 | 4.2 | 5 | 4028 |
| Example 21 | 69.2 | 4 | 3596 |
As can be seen from the table, in example 21, when the control is the Paecilomyces lilacinus-free, the infection rate of the Paecilomyces lilacinus nematodes is up to 69.2%, and nematode diseases can be remarkably reduced after the Paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum is used. Compared with the water-soluble fertilizer using the solid microbial inoculum, the water-soluble fertilizer using the fermentation liquor can increase the yield by 5.1 percent.
Example 22
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth, 26% of gamma-PGA fermentation broth, 10% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium and 5% of pure water.
Wherein the gamma-PGA fermentation liquor contains 2.5 percent of gamma-PGA by mass fraction. The strain used in the invention is bacillus subtilis.
Wherein the number of effective conidiospores in the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor is 30 hundred million/g. The strain used by the invention is paecilomyces lilacinus, which is separated from tomato nematode disease plants by Hubei Bonderland phosphate group research and development teams.
The preparation method of the water soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following steps: : the method comprises the steps of fermenting paecilomyces lilacinus to obtain conidium-containing fermentation liquor; Gamma-PGA fermentation and fermentation liquor inactivation are carried out; mixing the gamma-PGA fermentation inactivation solution and the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth in proportion; adding chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, alanine, chelated medium elements and a thickening agent into the mixed liquid; and fifthly, adding desalted water to constant volume, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5.
Example 23
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, 0.65% of solid gamma-PGA, 10% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 30.35% of pure water.
Wherein the water content of the solid gamma-PGA is less than or equal to 0.15 percent.
Wherein the content of effective conidium in the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor is 30 hundred million/g. The strain used by the invention is paecilomyces lilacinus, which is separated from tomato nematode disease plants by Hubei Bonderland phosphate group research and development teams.
The preparation method of the water soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of fermenting paecilomyces lilacinus to obtain conidium-containing fermentation liquor; adding solid gamma-PGA, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, alanine, chelated medium elements and a thickening agent into the fermentation liquor; (3) adding desalted water to constant volume, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5.
Example 24
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, 10% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelate-state element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and 31% of pure water.
Wherein the number of effective conidiospores in the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor is 30 hundred million/g. The strain used by the invention is paecilomyces lilacinus, which is separated from tomato nematode disease plants by Hubei Bonderland phosphate group research and development teams.
The preparation method of the water soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of fermenting paecilomyces lilacinus to obtain conidium-containing fermentation liquor; adding chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, alanine, chelated medium elements and a thickening agent into the fermentation liquor; (3) adding desalted water to constant volume, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5.
A tomato field with uniform physicochemical properties is selected for experiments in Shandong Weifang shou tomato producing areas. The test fields were randomly divided into 3 equal blocks, one of which was controlled using a γ -PGA-free water soluble fertilizer. The fertilizer is applied once in the seedling stage, 10 days before the flowering period and 10 days after the flowering period of the tomatoes respectively, and the fertilizer is applied in a flushing mode, wherein 7.5L of the product is used in each mu of land. And (5) calculating the incidence rate, the ear number and the yield per mu of the root-knot nematodes. The comparative results are as follows:
table five: influence of gamma-PGA solid water-soluble fertilizer and liquid fermentation liquor water-soluble fertilizer on incidence and yield of root-knot nematodes
As can be seen from the table, in example 24, the yield of the fermentation inactivation solution was reduced by 5.4% compared to the case of using liquid γ -PGA, and the yield of the water-soluble fertilizer using solid γ -PGA was reduced by 2.8% compared to the case of using liquid γ -PGA.
In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described, and the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 25
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, 26% of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquor, 8% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated medium element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium and 7% of desalted water.
Otherwise the same as example 1
Example 26
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 35% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, 26% of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquor, 10% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated medium element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium and 15% of desalted water.
Otherwise the same as example 1
Example 27
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, 26% of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquor, 10% of alanine, 2.5% of chitosan, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated medium element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium and 4% of desalted water.
Otherwise the same as example 1
Example 28
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, 26% of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquor, 10% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 4% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated medium element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium and 10% of desalted water.
Otherwise the same as example 1
Example 29
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, 16% of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquor, 10% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated medium element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium and 15% of desalted water.
Otherwise the same as example 1
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 (Paecilomyces lilacinus-free)
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 26% of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquor, 10% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated medium element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 50% of desalted water and the like in the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2 (Chitosan-free oligosaccharide)
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: the method is similar to example 1 except that the method comprises the following steps of 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, 26% of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquor, 10% of alanine, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated medium element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium, 6.5% of desalted water and the like.
COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 3 (Potassium without additive)
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth, 26% of polyglutamic acid fermentation broth, 10% of alanine, 1.5% of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3% of chelated medium element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium, 14% of desalted water and the like in example 1.
Comparison 4 (without glutamic acid)
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: the method is similar to example 1 except that the method comprises the following steps of 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, 10% of alanine, 9% of potassium alginate, 1.5% of chitosan oligosaccharide, 3% of chelated medium element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium, 31% of desalted water and the like.
Comparative example 5 (non Small amino acid)
The water-soluble fertilizer for preventing and treating the nematodes comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45% of paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, 26% of polyglutamic acid fermentation liquor, 1.5% of chitosan oligosaccharide, 9% of potassium alginate, 3% of chelated medium element calcium and magnesium, 0.5% of thickener carboxymethylcellulose sodium, 15% of desalted water and the like in example 1.
Blank group
The water-soluble fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1.5 percent of chitosan oligosaccharide, 10 percent of alanine, 3 percent of chelated medium element calcium and magnesium, 0.5 percent of thickener sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 15 percent of desalted water and the like in the embodiment 1.
Planting experimental example
A tomato field with uniform physicochemical properties is selected for experiments in Shandong Weifang shou tomato producing areas. The test fields were randomly divided into 11 equal blocks, one of which was compared with the above blank set of amino acid water soluble fertilizer. The fertilizer is applied once in the seedling stage, 10 days before the flowering period and 10 days after the flowering period of the tomatoes respectively, and the fertilizer is applied in a flushing mode, wherein 7.5L of the product is used in each mu of land. And (4) measuring the incidence rate, the ear number and the yield per mu of the root-knot nematodes. The comparative results are as follows:
table six: comparison of various indexes of tomato planting condition
As can be seen from the table, the root knot nematodes in examples 1 to 5 had low morbidity, high number of ears and high yield as compared with the control group or the blank group. In the case of comparative example 1, in which paecilomyces lilacinus liquid is omitted, in the case of comparative example 2, in which chitosan is omitted, in the case of comparative example 3, in which potassium element is omitted, in the case of comparative example 4, in which polyglutamic acid is omitted, and in the case of comparative example 5, in which small-molecule amino acid is omitted, the incidence of root-knot nematode is remarkably high, and the yield.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. The amino acid water-soluble fertilizer is characterized in that raw materials comprise paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquor, gamma-PGA fermentation inactivation liquor, small molecular amino acid, chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, chelated medium elements, a thickening agent and desalted water; the mass fractions of the raw materials are respectively 40-50 wt%, 22-32 wt%, 5-15 wt%, 1-3 wt%, 6-12 wt%, 2-5 wt%, 0.1-1.0 wt% and 3-10 wt%.
2. The amino acid water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the mass fractions of the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation liquid, the gamma-PGA fermentation inactivation liquid, the small molecular amino acid, the chitosan oligosaccharide, the potassium alginate, the chelated medium element, the thickener and the desalted water are 45wt%, 26 wt%, 10 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 9 wt%, 3 wt%, 0.5 wt% and 5wt% of the desalted water, respectively.
3. The amino acid water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth contains 20-35 hundred million/g of available conidia.
4. The amino acid water-soluble fertilizer according to claim 2, wherein a fermentation method is adopted to obtain a gamma-PGA fermentation broth, the content of gamma-PGA in the fermentation broth is 1.9-2.5%, and the inactivation temperature is 60-70 ℃.
5. The amino acid water-soluble fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the small molecular amino acid comprises any one of phenylalanine, valine, threonine, glycine, alanine and arginine.
6. The amino acid water-soluble fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, wherein the chelated element is selected from the group consisting of calcium, magnesium, and magnesium
The thickening agent is sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
7. The preparation method of the amino acid water-soluble fertilizer as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of fermenting paecilomyces lilacinus to obtain conidium-containing fermentation liquor;
Gamma-PGA fermentation and fermentation liquor inactivation are carried out;
mixing the gamma-PGA fermentation inactivation solution and the paecilomyces lilacinus fermentation broth in proportion;
adding chitosan oligosaccharide, potassium alginate, small molecular amino acid, chelated medium elements and a thickening agent into the mixed liquid;
and fifthly, adding desalted water to constant volume, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5-6.5.
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| CN112624856A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-04-09 | 西安众民生物化工有限公司 | Bactericidal fertilizer containing marine characteristic oligosaccharide and polyglutamic acid |
| CN112645776A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-13 | 湖北省黄麦岭磷化工有限责任公司 | Amino acid water-soluble fertilizer special for saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof |
| CN113475533A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-08 | 杨凌未来中科环保科技有限公司 | Agricultural microbial agent containing polyglutamic acid, preparation method and application thereof |
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