CN111972201A - Method for testing completion of flower bud differentiation of ilex verticillata - Google Patents
Method for testing completion of flower bud differentiation of ilex verticillata Download PDFInfo
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- CN111972201A CN111972201A CN202010854931.3A CN202010854931A CN111972201A CN 111972201 A CN111972201 A CN 111972201A CN 202010854931 A CN202010854931 A CN 202010854931A CN 111972201 A CN111972201 A CN 111972201A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for testing the completion of flower bud differentiation of ilex verticillata, which comprises the following steps: after spring shoots of the ilex verticillata grow to 8 months, selecting 6-year-old 'Oster' ilex verticillata branch cutting nutrition branches, wherein the height is about 80 cm; carrying out leaf rolling on the nutrition branches to obtain polished rod branches; spraying a germination accelerating agent on the polished rod branches; after one week, the polished rod branches sprayed with the germination accelerating agent germinate new buds, the new buds can grow into lateral branches with a certain length, and after two weeks, the number of leaves on the lateral branches is observed and recorded; observing whether buds exist at the leaf axils of the leaves on the lateral branches, and recording the number of the buds; selecting plants every 10-20 days; by observing the number of leaves and buds on newly-developed lateral branches, the morphological differentiation completion stage of the ilex verticillata buds can be intuitively judged to gradually return to the leaf buds from the beginning of 9 months to the middle and late ten days of 12 months and 4 months after the next year.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for testing the differentiation completion of flower buds of ilex verticillata.
Background
North America holly (Ilex verticillata) is perennial deciduous shrub, after winter deciduous leaves, dense and beautiful red fruits are full of branches and heads, and are very dazzling and happy until spring, and the Ilex verticillata is widely cultivated in countries such as Europe and America as fruit cutting and viewing, landscaping, potted plants in the afternoon, and the like, and is highly popular with Chinese people because the fruit color is bright Chinese red and has a lasting fruit viewing period. The method is characterized in that the method is introduced and cultivated in Hangzhou, Zhengzhou, Jilin, Weihai and other places in China, and the method mostly grows in low-lying areas such as swamp, wet shrub areas, pond edges and the like and can also grow in dry transition areas and mountainous areas. A great amount of North America holly (called as red bean in the market) finished products are imported from the Netherlands and other countries in China every year, are cut into branches, are put into the flower market and are expensive in sale price.
The flower bud differentiation is the change of vegetative growth into reproductive growth of plants, and has important significance for plant cultivation by judging the period of completion of flower bud differentiation. In the process of cultivating the ilex verticillata, the differentiation period of the flower buds of the ilex verticillata can be known, and targeted management measures can be better taken. The flower bud differentiation period is tested by conventionally slicing lateral bud paraffin and observing under an electron microscope, the ilex verticillata is a mixed flower bud and is a shortened branch, and the electron microscope observation needs very specialized personnel and equipment, which is not possessed by general production personnel. Therefore, there is a need for improvement based on this.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings and drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to at least solve one or more of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, in other words, to provide a method for testing the completion of flower bud differentiation of ilex verticillata.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for testing the completion of flower bud differentiation of ilex verticillata comprises the following steps:
1) observing the growth period of the ilex verticillata, selecting nutrient branches of 6-year-old 'Oster' ilex verticillata after spring shoots grow to 8 months, selecting 3 plants, and carrying out leaf stripping on the nutrient branches to obtain polished rod branches;
(2) spraying a germination accelerating agent on the polished rod branches;
(3) after one week, the polished rod branches sprayed with the germination accelerating agent germinate new buds, and the new buds grow into lateral branches with certain length;
(4) after two weeks, observing the number of leaves on the lateral branches and recording; observing whether buds exist at leaf axillary positions of leaves on the lateral branches, and recording the number of the buds to judge whether flower bud differentiation is completed;
(5) and (4) selecting plants every 10-20 days, and repeating the steps.
Preferably, the height of the ilex verticillata cutting vegetative shoots is 50-120 cm.
Preferably, the height of the ilex verticillata cutting vegetative shoots is 80 cm.
Preferably, the germinant is cytokinin.
As a preferable scheme, the polished rod branches are heated for accelerating germination after 11 middle and last ten days of each year, and the temperature is controlled to be 20-30 ℃.
Preferably, when the ratio of the number of the flower buds to the number of the leaves on the lateral branches is more than 0, the flower bud differentiation is judged to be completed.
As a preferred scheme, the number of leaves and the number of buds of the lateral branches are recorded at one time.
As the preferred scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for testing the completion of the flower bud differentiation of the ilex verticillata comprises the steps of stripping leaves of a plant at No. 8 months and No. 20 months every year, observing the growth state through germination accelerating treatment, and after sprouting again, starting buds on new lateral branches and completing the morphological differentiation of the existing partial buds; by observing the bud shape and the leaf shape of the new lateral branch and recording the quantity, the method can judge that the differentiation of the flower bud shape of the ilex verticillata is completed in the middle and last ten days of 9 months to 12 months and gradually returns to the leaf bud after 4 months of the next year.
According to the method, special equipment is not needed, the flower bud differentiation completion condition can be judged by observing the growth process of the North American holly, and the method is simple and practical.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the following will describe specific embodiments of the present invention. It is obvious that the following description is only of some embodiments of the invention, and that other similar or analogous embodiments can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive step.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment provides a method for testing the differentiation completion of ilex verticillata flower buds, which comprises the following steps:
(1) observing the growth period of the ilex verticillata, selecting plants every 10-20 days after spring shoots grow to 8 months, selecting 6-year-old 'Oster' ilex verticillata plants as branch-cutting nutrient branches, wherein the height of the branch-cutting nutrient branches is 50-120cm, and the number of the selected plants is 3 each time; carrying out leaf rolling on the nutrition branches to obtain polished rod branches;
(2) spraying a germination accelerating agent on the polished rod branches, wherein the germination accelerating agent selects cytokinin;
(3) after one week, the polished rod branches sprayed with the germination accelerating agent germinate new buds (only the top 3-5 new buds on the polished rod branches not sprayed with the germination accelerating agent), and the new buds grow into lateral branches with a certain length;
(4) after two weeks, observing the number of leaves on the lateral branches and recording; observing whether buds exist at the leaf axils of the leaves on the lateral branches, and recording the number of the buds; and recording the number of leaves and the number of buds of each batch of lateral branches, observing the shape of the buds after the buds grow out, and finishing recording once to judge whether the bud differentiation is finished. And when the ratio of the number of the buds to the number of the leaves on the lateral branches is more than 0, namely the ratio of the number of the buds is more than 0, judging that the flower bud differentiation is finished.
Wherein, the branch cutting vegetative branches refer to: cutting branches for production, wherein the period is 2 years, stumping in winter, leaving a pile, and germinating in spring to grow a high-height spindly branch called vegetative branch; after the nutritive branches roll off leaves and form polished branches, a germination accelerating agent is sprayed, new buds grow out, and the new buds grow to form lateral branches, namely bearing branches. In this embodiment, the height of the ilex verticillata branch cutting nutrition branch is 80cm, and stripping leaves are performed on the ilex verticillata branch cutting nutrition branch to obtain a polished rod branch.
In this example, the time for stripping leaves of the plant is shown in table 1, and by observation, the plant is stripped leaves at 20 # 8 months per year to obtain polished branches, and the polished branches germinate again after germination accelerating treatment, and buds begin to exist on the new branches, which indicates that at 20 # 8 months, morphological differentiation of existing partial buds has been completed. When the plant of No. 10 natural deciduous leaves in 2 months is heated to germinate, buds are all arranged at the axilla of the leaf, which indicates that the flower bud differentiation is completely completed.
The plants naturally fell in the last ten days of 12 months and germinated 1 day before and after 4 months of the next year. Cutting off new buds at 10 days 4 months to promote re-germination, and reducing the number of buds at the axillary position of the leaf of the new long leaf to 0 after 5 months and 5 days later.
After 11 months, since the temperature of the natural environment is low, in order to ensure normal germination, the polished rod branches need to be heated for germination acceleration, and the germination acceleration temperature is controlled to be 20-30 ℃.
The experiment shows that the morphological differentiation of the ilex verticillata flower bud is completed in the middle and last ten days of 9 months to 12 months, and the ilex verticillata flower bud gradually returns to the leaf bud after 4 months in the next year.
The test data of the present invention are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison table of the number of leaves and buds on lateral branches after polished branches sprout at different periods
In Hangzhou, ilex verticillata sprouts at the beginning of 4 months, and caps at the beginning of 6 months, then enters a flower bud differentiation stage, partial flower bud differentiation is completed at the beginning of 9 months, and the flower bud differentiation is completed completely after leaves fall naturally at 0 ℃ in the middle and last ten days of 12 months. After natural germination in spring, the differentiated flower buds slowly change back to leaf buds along with the rise of the air temperature. According to the method, the flower bud shape and the shape of the leaves on the newly-discovered lateral branches are observed, the number ratio of the flower bud shape to the leaf shape is judged, the flower bud differentiation completion condition of the ilex verticillata can be intuitively and simply judged, the whole observation test is completed in the natural growth process of the ilex verticillata, and the flower bud differentiation completion condition of the ilex verticillata is not required to be observed by means of professional equipment.
The foregoing has outlined rather broadly the preferred embodiments and principles of the present invention and it will be appreciated that those skilled in the art may devise variations of the present invention that are within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for testing the completion of flower bud differentiation of ilex verticillata, comprising the steps of:
(1) observing the growth period of the ilex verticillata, selecting nutrient branches of 6-year-old 'Oster' ilex verticillata after spring shoots grow to 8 months, selecting 3 plants, and carrying out leaf stripping on the nutrient branches to obtain polished rod branches;
(2) spraying a germination accelerating agent on the polished rod branches;
(3) after one week, the polished rod branches sprayed with the germination accelerating agent germinate new buds, and the new buds grow into lateral branches with certain length;
(4) after two weeks, observing the number of leaves on the lateral branches and recording; observing whether buds exist at leaf axillary positions of leaves on the lateral branches, and recording the number of the buds to judge whether flower bud differentiation is completed;
(5) and (4) selecting plants every 10-20 days, and repeating the steps.
2. The method for testing the completion of flower bud differentiation of ilex verticillata according to claim 1, wherein the height of the branch vegetative shoots of ilex verticillata is 50-120 cm.
3. The method for testing the completion of flower bud differentiation of ilex verticillata according to claim 2, wherein the height of the branch vegetative shoots of ilex verticillata is 80 cm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the germination promoter is cytokinin and the method further comprises the step of selecting a mitogen.
5. The method for testing the completion of flower bud differentiation of ilex verticillata according to claim 1, wherein the polished rod branches are heated for germination after 11 middle and last months of the year, and the temperature is controlled to be 20-30 ℃.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the flower bud differentiation of ilex verticillata is judged to be complete when the ratio of the number of flower buds to the number of leaves on the lateral branch is greater than 0.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the number of leaves and the number of buds of the ilex verticillata are determined by a single record.
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| CN202010854931.3A CN111972201A (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2020-08-24 | Method for testing completion of flower bud differentiation of ilex verticillata |
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| CN202010854931.3A CN111972201A (en) | 2020-08-24 | 2020-08-24 | Method for testing completion of flower bud differentiation of ilex verticillata |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557438A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-05-11 | 杭州润土园艺科技有限公司 | Method for increasing number of cut fruiting side branches of ilex verticillata |
| CN108391553A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-14 | 南京林业大学 | A method of improving ilex verticillata percentage of fertile fruit |
| CN108617454A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-09 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | A kind of short Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed production methods of Desert Regions in situ conservation |
-
2020
- 2020-08-24 CN CN202010854931.3A patent/CN111972201A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557438A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-05-11 | 杭州润土园艺科技有限公司 | Method for increasing number of cut fruiting side branches of ilex verticillata |
| CN108391553A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-14 | 南京林业大学 | A method of improving ilex verticillata percentage of fertile fruit |
| CN108617454A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-10-09 | 甘肃省治沙研究所 | A kind of short Ammopiptanthus mongolicus seed production methods of Desert Regions in situ conservation |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
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| 姚毓璆: "《盆景制作与欣赏》", 30 June 1986, 浙江科学技术出版社 * |
| 张青: "珍稀濒危植物玉兰叶石楠的生物学及光合特性研究", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库 农业科技辑》 * |
| 王丽英: ""北美冬青繁育及其园林应用研究"", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库，农业科技辑》 * |
| 路广明: "《桃树栽培》", 30 September 1951, 新农出版社 * |
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