CN111943709A - 一种氧化钛陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种氧化钛陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111943709A
CN111943709A CN202010601093.9A CN202010601093A CN111943709A CN 111943709 A CN111943709 A CN 111943709A CN 202010601093 A CN202010601093 A CN 202010601093A CN 111943709 A CN111943709 A CN 111943709A
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titanium oxide
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范益群
李旭洋
段丽君
柯威
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Nanjing Membrane Material Industry Technology Institute Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种制备新型多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的方法:以高岭土、亚微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体和微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体为原料,使用聚乙烯醇(PVA)对亚微米粉体进行造粒处理然后与微米级粉体共混使其均匀分散,最后将共混粉加入有机粘结剂和润滑剂经搅拌、陈化、挤出、烧结等工艺制备出氧化钛多孔陶瓷膜支撑体,本发明得到的支撑体抗弯曲强度为20~36MPa,孔隙率为35%~40%,平均孔径为1.5μm~2.5μm,纯水通量为15~22m3•m‑2•h‑1•bar‑1,具有耐酸碱、机械强度高和表面光滑等特点。

Description

一种氧化钛陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法,属于多孔陶瓷制备领域。
背景技术
无机多孔陶瓷膜由于其优异的耐酸碱腐蚀、耐高温、耐溶剂、高强度、高寿命等性能,近年来在化工、食品、医药、生物等领域的应用得到了飞速的发展,可用于液体混合物分离、溶液浓缩、污水处理、饮料过滤等。
陶瓷膜一般由支撑层、中间层和分离层三部分组成非对称陶瓷组件。目前市场上商品化的陶瓷膜支撑体一般采用在微米氧化铝粉体中加入亚微米级粉体颗粒烧结促进剂和其它溶剂烧结而成。作为支撑体必须要有足够机械强度、较强的抗腐蚀能力、较好表面光滑度和较高的渗透性能。目前国内陶瓷膜支撑体品种单一,主要以氧化铝为主。由于陶瓷支撑体品种单一,在有些情况下并不能满足实际要求。
鉴于此,本发明的目的是提供一种新型陶瓷膜支撑体丰富陶瓷膜支撑体种类,并给出该陶瓷支撑体的制备方法。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了改变国内陶瓷膜市场支撑种类单一、特殊使用条件受到限制的现状而提出了一种新型多孔陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法。
本发明采用的技术方案是:为了实现上述目的,本发明在前期制备陶瓷坯体时,在骨料粉体中加入有机聚合物和亚微米粉体,使被有机聚合物修饰后的包覆亚微米级粉体能够均匀的分散在微米级骨料粉体周围,制备出复合型包覆粉体骨料用于新型多孔陶瓷支撑体的烧结,在1100~1200°C下烧结得到具有高强度、高耐腐蚀性的具有光滑表面的多孔陶瓷支撑体。
本发明具体技术方案如下:
(1)搅拌条件下向亚微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体中加入聚乙二醇液体,聚乙二醇加入量控制在亚微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体质量的6%~8%,充分搅拌4~6个小时之后在90~110°C进行12~18小时干燥处理。
(2)将步骤(1)得到的干燥产物置于行星球磨机中进行4~6小时造粒处理,使其颗粒均匀。
(3)将高岭土粉末、微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体和步骤(2)得到造粒粉倒入混料机进行物理共混1~2小时,使整个粉体均匀分散。
(4)向步骤(3)得到的混合粉体中加入有机粘结剂和润滑剂,在搅拌条件下充分搅拌后陈化12~20小时。
(5)将步骤(4)得到的陈化料倒入连续炼泥真空挤出机,采用真空连续挤出工艺制备多孔陶瓷膜管支撑体坯体。
(6)将步骤(5)得到的多孔陶瓷膜支撑体坯体在130~170°C下烘干12~18小时后进行烧结,得到氧化钛多孔陶瓷膜支撑体。
上述的聚乙烯醇是质量浓度为20%~50%的水溶液。
上述步骤步骤(3)中将步骤(2)得到粉体与微米粉体共混时,控制微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体与亚微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体的质量比为8:1~3:1。微米级氧化钛平均粒径在5~10μm,亚微米级氧化钛粉体平均粒径为0.2~0.6μm。
步骤(3)中高岭土粉末占整个粉体的质量分数为7.5%~12.5%。
上述有机粘结剂为羟甲基纤维素或丙烯酰胺;有机粘结剂的加入量以干燥的原料粉体为基准,加入量控制在干燥粉体质量的3%~9%;
润滑剂为丙三醇或石蜡油。润滑剂的加入量同样以干燥的原料粉体为基准,加入量控制在干燥粉体质量的4%~8%。
支撑体在烧结过程中升温速率控制在2~6°C/min,烧结温度控制在1100°C~1200°C,保温3~5小时。
本发明制备出的支撑体可以是片状,单管或多通道。制备出的支撑体三点抗弯曲强度为20~36MPa,孔隙率为35%~40%,平均孔径为1.5μm~2.5μm,纯水通量为15~22m3•m-2•h-1•bar-1
有益效果:
由于采用了氧化钛来制备新型陶瓷膜支撑体,从而丰富了国内陶瓷膜市场的支撑体种类,由于氧化钛本身的一些特殊的光化学性能制备出的多孔陶瓷支撑体具有以下有益效果:
1)所制备出的支撑体成本相对较低。
2)所制备出的支撑体机械强度高,表面光滑。
3)所制备出的支撑体由于氧化钛本身的光化学性能使得支撑体具有在空气净化、水处理杀菌方面与以往传统陶瓷膜支撑体相比具有巨大的优势。
4)所制备的支撑体耐酸碱。
具体实施方式
实施例 1
(1)搅拌条件下向200g亚微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体中加入聚乙二醇液体12克,充分搅拌5个小时之后在110°C进行18小时干燥处理。
(2)将步骤(1)得到的干燥产物置于行星球磨机中进行6小时造粒处理,使其颗粒均匀。
(3)将147g高岭土粉末、1600g微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体和步骤(2)得到造粒粉倒入混料机进行物理共混2小时,使整个粉体均匀分散。
(4)向步骤(3)得到的混合粉体中加入9%的丙烯酰胺有机粘结剂和8%丙三醇润滑剂,在搅拌条件下充分搅拌后陈化18小时。
(5)将步骤(4)得到的陈化料倒入连续炼泥真空挤出机,采用真空连续挤出工艺制备多孔陶瓷膜管支撑体坯体。
(6)将步骤(5)得到的多孔陶瓷膜支撑体坯体在170°C下烘干12小时,升温速率为3°C/min,保温5h在1100°C下进行烧结得到片状氧化钛多孔陶瓷膜支撑体。
用三点抗弯曲法测得支撑体的机械强度为20MPa。孔隙率为35%,平均孔径1.5μm,纯水通量为15 m3•m-2•h-1•bar-1
实施例2
(1)搅拌条件下向100g亚微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体中加入聚乙二醇液体6克,充分搅拌4个小时之后在90°C进行12小时干燥处理。
(2)将步骤(1)得到的干燥产物置于行星球磨机中进行4小时造粒处理,使其颗粒均匀。
(3)将220g高岭土粉末、800g微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体和步骤(2)得到造粒粉倒入混料机进行物理共混1小时,使整个粉体均匀分散。
(4)向步骤(3)得到的混合粉体中加入6%的羟甲基纤维素有机粘结剂和6%丙三醇润滑剂,在搅拌条件下充分搅拌后陈化12小时。
(5)将步骤(4)得到的陈化料倒入连续炼泥真空挤出机,采用真空连续挤出工艺制备多孔陶瓷膜管支撑体坯体。
(6)将步骤(5)得到的多孔陶瓷膜支撑体坯体在130°C下烘干18小时,升温速率为2°C/min,保温3h在1100°C下进行烧结得到单管氧化钛多孔陶瓷膜支撑体。
用三点抗弯曲法测得支撑体的机械强度为26.5MPa。孔隙率为37%,平均孔径2.2μm,纯水通量为16 m3•m-2•h-1•bar-1
实施例3
(1)搅拌条件下向300g亚微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体中加入聚乙二醇液体24克,充分搅拌6个小时之后在100°C进行16小时干燥处理。
(2)将步骤(1)得到的干燥产物置于行星球磨机中进行6小时造粒处理,使其颗粒均匀。
(3)将175g高岭土粉末、900g微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体和步骤(2)得到造粒粉倒入混料机进行物理共混2小时,使整个粉体均匀分散。
(4)向步骤(3)得到的混合粉体中加入9%的羟甲基纤维素有机粘结剂和8%丙三醇润滑剂,在搅拌条件下充分搅拌后陈化20小时。
(5)将步骤(4)得到的陈化料倒入连续炼泥真空挤出机,采用真空连续挤出工艺制备多孔陶瓷膜管支撑体坯体。
(6)将步骤(5)得到的多孔陶瓷膜支撑体坯体在160°C下烘干16小时,升温速率为6°C/min,保温5h在1200°C下进行烧结得到多通道氧化钛多孔陶瓷膜支撑体。
用三点抗弯曲法测得支撑体的机械强度为36MPa。孔隙率为40%,平均孔径2.5μm,纯水通量为22 m3•m-2•h-1•bar-1

Claims (9)

1.一种氧化钛陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)搅拌条件下向亚微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体中加入聚乙二醇液体,聚乙二醇加入量控制在亚微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体质量的6%~8%,充分搅拌4~6个小时之后在90~110°C进行12~18小时干燥处理;
(2)将步骤(1)得到的干燥产物置于行星球磨机中进行4~6小时造粒处理,使其颗粒均匀;
(3)将高岭土粉末、微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体和步骤(2)得到造粒粉倒入混料机进行物理共混1~2小时,使整个粉体均匀分散;
(4)向步骤(3)得到的混合粉体中加入有机粘结剂和润滑剂,在搅拌条件下充分搅拌后陈化12~20小时;
(5)将步骤(4)得到的陈化料倒入连续炼泥真空挤出机,采用真空连续挤出工艺制备多孔陶瓷膜管支撑体坯体;
(6)将步骤(5)得到的多孔陶瓷膜支撑体坯体在130~170°C下烘干12~18小时后进行烧结,得到氧化钛多孔陶瓷膜支撑体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,聚乙烯醇是质量浓度为20%~50%的水溶液。
3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中将步骤(2)得到粉体与微米粉体共混时,控制微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体与亚微米级锐钛矿型氧化钛粉体的质量比为8:1~3:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,微米级氧化钛平均粒径在5~10μm,亚微米级氧化钛粉体平均粒径为0.2~0.6μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中高岭土粉末占整个粉体的质量分数为7.5%~12.5%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,有机粘结剂为羟甲基纤维素或丙烯酰胺;所述有机粘结剂的加入量以干燥的原料粉体为基准,加入量控制在干燥粉体质量的3%~9%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,润滑剂为丙三醇或石蜡油,润滑剂的加入量以干燥的原料粉体为基准,加入量控制在干燥粉体质量的4%~8%。
8.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,支撑体在烧结过程中升温速率控制在2~6°C/min,烧结温度控制在1100°C~1200°C,保温3~5小时。
9.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的多孔陶瓷支撑体为片状、单管或者多通道的支撑体。
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