CN111499361A - 复合陶瓷膜的制备方法 - Google Patents
复合陶瓷膜的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111499361A CN111499361A CN202010338602.3A CN202010338602A CN111499361A CN 111499361 A CN111499361 A CN 111499361A CN 202010338602 A CN202010338602 A CN 202010338602A CN 111499361 A CN111499361 A CN 111499361A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- powder
- preparing
- ceramic membrane
- support body
- composite ceramic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/10—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminium oxide
- C04B35/111—Fine ceramics
- C04B35/117—Composites
- C04B35/119—Composites with zirconium oxide
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/024—Oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/024—Oxides
- B01D71/025—Aluminium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0003—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof containing continuous channels, e.g. of the "dead-end" type or obtained by pushing bars in the green ceramic product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5025—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with ceramic materials
- C04B41/5042—Zirconium oxides or zirconates; Hafnium oxides or hafnates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/87—Ceramics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/24—Mechanical properties, e.g. strength
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/30—Chemical resistance
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3224—Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3231—Refractory metal oxides, their mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B2235/3232—Titanium oxides or titanates, e.g. rutile or anatase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/349—Clays, e.g. bentonites, smectites such as montmorillonite, vermiculites or kaolines, e.g. illite, talc or sepiolite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/42—Non metallic elements added as constituents or additives, e.g. sulfur, phosphor, selenium or tellurium
- C04B2235/422—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5445—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof submicron sized, i.e. from 0,1 to 1 micron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9669—Resistance against chemicals, e.g. against molten glass or molten salts
- C04B2235/9692—Acid, alkali or halogen resistance
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及陶瓷膜的制备方法,具体涉及一种复合陶瓷膜的制备方法。包括以下步骤:1)制备支撑体,将氧化铝粉体、氧化钛粉体、氧化锆粉体和辅料按照一定比例混合,经过混料、捏合、成型、干燥、最后经高温烧结形成支撑体,支撑体的流道排列方式采用圆形流道和跑道形流道相结合的形式;2)制备过渡层,将氧化锆粉体、氧化铝粉体、氧化钛粉体和辅料混合,经搅拌、涂膜、干燥和高温烧结形成过渡层;3)过滤膜层制备,将氧化锆粉体、氧化铝粉体、氧化钛粉体和辅料混合,经搅拌、涂膜、干燥和高温烧结,得到过滤精度20‑200纳米的过滤膜层。采用本发明方法制备的陶瓷膜具有通量大、弯曲强度高、抗污染性强、耐酸碱腐蚀的特点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷膜的制备方法,具体涉及一种复合陶瓷膜的制备方法。
背景技术
在制备陶瓷膜支撑体时,大部分厂家采用氧化铝粉体,然而氧化铝为两性氧化物,耐酸碱能力较弱,烧结后弯曲强度也不高;在制备膜层时有的厂家采用氧化铝粉体,有的采用氧化锆或氧化钛粉体,如果采用氧化铝粉体则存在耐酸碱能力较弱、烧结后强度不高、亲水性不强等问题,如果采用氧化锆或氧化钛粉体,因为这几种物质烧结时膨胀和收缩系数不一致,则存在膜层和支撑体烧结融合时出现开裂现象,泡压测试时,初泡压力小于0.1MPa的膜数量>30%,而且在使用过程中容易发生膜层脱落现象。
在陶瓷膜孔设计上,大部分厂家采用等径圆形流道,等径圆形流道的缺点是截面分布面积受到限制,过滤面积不能做大,这也限制了单只陶瓷膜的过滤通量,从而增大了陶瓷膜设备的投资和运行成本,制约了陶瓷膜的应用和推广。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种大通量、弯曲强度高、抗污染性强、耐酸碱腐蚀的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法。
本发明所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)制备支撑体:
将氧化铝粉体、氧化钛粉体、氧化锆粉体和辅料混合均匀,得干粉材料,转移至捏合机中,加入水、粘合剂和润滑剂捏合,经练泥机练泥后,陈腐,成型,干燥定型,1200-1800℃烧结2-8小时,得支撑体,支撑体的流道排列方式采用圆形流道和跑道形流道相结合的形式;
2)制备过渡层:
将氧化锆粉体、氧化铝粉体、氧化钛粉体混合,加入有机辅料搅拌均匀,用涂膜机在支撑体上进行涂膜,涂膜以后进行干燥处理,1100-1450℃下烧结3-12小时,形成过渡层;
3)制备过滤膜层:
将氧化锆粉体、氧化铝粉体、氧化钛粉体混合,加入有机辅料搅拌均匀,用涂膜机在制备有过渡层的支撑体上进行涂膜,涂膜以后进行干燥处理,800-1300℃下烧结3-12小时,形成过滤膜层。
本发明在支撑体、过渡层和过滤膜层中均采用氧化铝、氧化钛、氧化锆等复合材料的配方,既解决了氧化铝支撑体耐酸碱能力较弱和烧结后弯曲强度不高的问题,又解决了支撑体、过渡层和膜层之间的结合问题,防止膜层出现裂纹和脱落,泡压测试时,初泡压力小于0.1MPa的膜数量为0,初泡压力小于0.2MPa的膜数量<1%。可以使陶瓷膜的弯曲强度、耐酸碱能力、抗污染能力、亲水性等得到提高,同时使支撑体与过渡层及膜层结合的更加紧密和牢固,在使用过程中膜层无脱落现象发生。
其中:
步骤1)中,所述的氧化铝粉体,粒径为10-100微米,占干粉材料的比例为58-95wt%。
步骤1)中,所述的氧化钛粉体占干粉材料的比例为0.5-12wt%,所述的氧化锆粉体占干粉材料的比例为1-20wt%。
步骤1)中,所述的辅料为0.3-6μm氧化铝、碳酸钙、滑石、苏州土、钾长石、稀土材料、纤维素、淀粉、活性炭或阿拉伯胶粉中的至少3种。优选地,所述的0.3-6μm氧化铝、纤维素、淀粉为必需辅料,其余辅料根据陶瓷膜所要求的性能决定是否添加。
步骤1)中,所述的粘合剂为PVA,润滑剂为油酸、甘油、桐油、棕榈油、玉米油或豆油中的至少2种。优选地,所述的桐油、棕榈油为必需润滑剂,其余润滑剂根据陶瓷膜所要求的性能决定是否添加。
步骤1)中,所述的陈腐时间为12-72小时。
优选地,步骤1)中,所述的支撑体的流道排列方式具体为:内流道采用圆形流道,外圈流道采用圆形流道和跑道形流道间隔设置。
步骤1)中,所述的支撑体的膜孔数量为19-331孔,优选37-217孔;圆形膜孔孔径为1-6毫米,跑道形膜孔的平行边长度与圆半径比为0.2-3.0:1,膜外径20-100毫米,优选25-65毫米。
步骤2)中,所述的氧化锆粉体占比为10-45%、氧化铝粉体占比为50-85%、氧化钛粉体占比为1-20%,其中氧化铝粉体的粒径为0.1-5微米。
步骤2)中,所述的有机辅料为PVA等。
步骤2)中,所述的干燥处理为:升温至80-120℃保温1-6小时。
步骤2)中,得到过滤精度200-1000纳米的过渡层。
步骤3)中,所述的氧化锆粉体占比为10-45%、氧化铝粉体占比为50-85%、氧化钛粉体占比为1-20%,其中氧化铝粉体的粒径为50-800纳米。
步骤3)中,所述的有机辅料为PVA等。
步骤3)中,所述的干燥处理为:升温至80-120℃保温1-6小时。
步骤3)中,得到过滤精度20-200纳米的过滤膜层。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
1、本发明在制备支撑体时,在氧化铝粉体中投加氧化锆和氧化钛等粉体组成复合材料,能够使支撑体的弯曲强度提高100%以上;
2、本发明制备过渡层时,在氧化铝粉体中投加氧化锆和氧化钛等粉体组成复合材料,使支撑体与膜层烧结时结合的更加牢固,膜层不易脱落,而且耐酸碱腐蚀性增加一倍以上。
3、本发明制备过滤膜层时,在氧化铝粉体中投加氧化锆和氧化钛等粉体组成复合材料,使膜层的耐酸碱腐蚀性、亲水性、抗污染能力比氧化铝膜提高一倍以上,长期运行通量比氧化铝增加40%以上。
4、本发明的膜孔采用圆形流道和跑道形流道相结合的排布方式,增大了陶瓷膜的过滤面积,膜面积增加10%以上,增加了单只陶瓷膜的过滤通量,从而节省了陶瓷膜设备的投资和运行成本,总体投资和运行成本节省50%以上。
附图说明
图1是本发明所述的复合陶瓷膜的流道排列方式示意图;
图2是本发明实施例1陶瓷膜的流道排列方式示意图;
图3是本发明实施例2陶瓷膜的流道排列方式示意图;
图4是本发明实施例3陶瓷膜的流道排列方式示意图;
图中,1、陶瓷膜截面;2、内流道;3、外圈流道。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明,但不限定本发明。
实施例中用到的所有原料除特殊说明外,均为市购。
实施例1
所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,由以下步骤组成:
1)支撑体制备:
将中位粒径为25-40μm的Al2O3粉体和氧化钛粉体、氧化锆粉体及干粉辅料按照85%:0.8%:1.7%:12.5%比例组成干粉材料,其中,干粉辅料为0.3-6μm氧化铝、滑石、稀土材料、纤维素和淀粉(质量比为3:1:1:2:3),将干粉材料投加到混料机中混合均匀,然后移到捏合机中,加入以上干粉重量19%的水和PVA、油类物质混合,经过练泥机练泥后,进行陈腐16小时,陈腐后的泥料经挤出机挤出成型,模具采用圆形和跑道形相结合的结构形式(参见图2),成型后的胚体经过干燥定型,经干燥后的胚体经高温烧结成支撑体,烧结温度1700℃,保温3小时。
其中,支撑体的外径为31mm,膜孔数量为37孔,圆孔直径为3.0mm,跑道形膜孔的平行边长度与圆半径比为0.8:1,弯曲强度为12kN。
2)过渡层制备:
将中位粒径为2.2μm的Al2O3粉体和氧化锆粉体、氧化钛粉体混合,三种物质占比为68%:26%:6%,然后将PVA溶液、多糖类物质和水加到搅拌桶中进行搅拌,在混合溶液中,PVA含量为3.5%,多糖类物质含量为0.18%,搅拌均匀以后用涂膜机在支撑体上进行涂膜,涂膜以后进行干燥处理,干燥时逐步升温至120℃保温1小时,干燥好的支撑体进行膜层烧结,烧结温度1250℃,保温4小时,得到平均孔径为0.7μm的过渡层。
3)过滤膜层制备:
将中位粒径为300纳米的氧化铝粉体和氧化锆粉体、氧化钛粉体混合,三种物质占比为68%:26%:6%,然后将PVA溶液、多糖类物质和水加到搅拌桶中进行搅拌,在混合溶液中,PVA含量为1.5%,多糖类物质含量为0.12%,搅拌均匀以后用涂膜机在支撑体上进行涂膜,涂膜以后进行干燥处理,干燥时逐步升温至110℃保温1小时,干燥好的支撑体进行膜层烧结,烧结温度1050℃,保温6小时,得到过滤精度100纳米的过滤膜层。
在操作压力0.1MPa、25℃时的纯水通量为1120LMH;在20%浓度的硫酸中煮沸1小时后的弯曲强度损失率4.7%,在10%浓度的氢氧化钠中煮沸1小时后的弯曲强度损失率2.3%;处理循环排污水的通量可达317LMH,高于同等条件下氧化铝膜200LMH的通量。
实施例2
所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,由以下步骤组成:
1)支撑体制备:
将中位粒径为15-30μm Al2O3粉体和氧化钛粉体、氧化锆粉体及干粉辅料按照58%:9.5%:17.5%:15%比例组成干粉材料,其中干粉辅料为0.3-6μm氧化铝、滑石、稀土材料、纤维素、淀粉(质量比为6:1:1:2:3),将组成的干粉材料投加到混料机中混合均匀,然后移到捏合机中,加入以上干粉重量17%的水和PVA、油酸等材料捏合,经过练泥机练泥后,进行陈腐30小时,陈腐后的泥料经挤出机挤出成型,模具采用圆形和跑道形相结合的结构形式(参见图3),成型后的胚体经过干燥定型,经干燥后的胚体经高温烧结成支撑体,烧结温度1500℃,保温6小时。
其中,支撑体的外径为41mm,膜孔数量为61孔,圆孔直径为2.8mm,跑道形膜孔的平行边长度与圆半径比为1.1:1,弯曲强度为21kN。
2)过渡层制备:
将中位粒径为1.3μm的Al2O3粉体和氧化锆粉体、氧化钛粉体混合,三种物质占比为53%:35%:12%然后将PVA溶液、多糖类物质和水加到搅拌桶中进行搅拌,在混合溶液中,PVA含量为1%,多糖类物质含量为0.30%,搅拌均匀以后用涂膜机在支撑体上进行涂膜,涂膜以后进行干燥处理,干燥时逐步升温至90℃保温6小时,干燥好的支撑体进行膜层烧结,烧结温度1150℃,保温5小时,得到平均孔径为0.5μm的过渡层。
3)过滤膜层制备:
将中位粒径为300纳米的氧化铝粉体和氧化锆粉体、氧化钛粉体混合,三种物质占比为53%:35%:12%,然后将PVA溶液、多糖类物质和水加到搅拌桶中进行搅拌,在混合溶液中,PVA含量为0.5%,多糖类物质含量为0.2%,搅拌均匀以后用涂膜机在支撑体上进行涂膜,涂膜以后进行干燥处理,干燥时逐步升温至80℃保温8小时,干燥好的支撑体进行膜层烧结,烧结温度960℃,保温7小时,得到过滤精度100纳米的过滤膜层。
在操作压力0.1MPa、25℃时的纯水通量为1080LMH;在20%浓度的硫酸中煮沸1小时后的弯曲强度损失率6.8%,在10%浓度的氢氧化钠中煮沸1小时后的弯曲强度损失率3.2%;处理循环排污水的通量可达305LMH,高于同等条件下氧化铝膜200LMH的通量。
实施例3
所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,由以下步骤组成:
1)支撑体制备:
将中位粒径为20-35μm Al2O3粉体和氧化钛粉体、氧化锆粉体及干粉辅料按照75%:4%:8%:13%比例组成干粉材料,其中,干粉辅料为0.3-6μm氧化铝、钾长石、稀土材料、纤维素、淀粉(质量比为4:1:1:2:3),将组成的干粉材料投加到混料机中混合均匀,然后移到捏合机中,加入以上干粉重量18%的水和PVA、油类物质捏合,经过练泥机练泥后,进行陈腐30小时,陈腐后的泥料经挤出机挤出成型,模具采用圆形和跑道形相结合的结构形式(参见图4),成型后的胚体经过干燥定型,经干燥后的胚体经高温烧结成支撑体,烧结温度1610℃,保温5小时。
其中,支撑体的外径为30mm,膜孔数量为61孔,圆孔直径为2.0mm,跑道形膜孔的平行边长度与圆半径比为1.2:1,弯曲强度为10kN。
2)过渡层制备:
将中位粒径为2.5μm的Al2O3粉体和氧化锆粉体、氧化钛粉体混合,三种物质占比为82%:15%:3%,然后将PVA溶液、多糖类物质和水加到搅拌桶中进行搅拌,在混合溶液中,PVA含量为2%,多糖类物质含量为0.25%,搅拌均匀以后用涂膜机在支撑体上进行涂膜,涂膜以后进行干燥处理,干燥时逐步升温至100℃保温3小时,干燥好的支撑体进行膜层烧结,烧结温度1400℃,保温2小时,得到平均孔径为0.9μm的过渡层。
3)过滤膜层制备:
将中位粒径为300纳米的氧化铝粉体和氧化锆粉体、氧化钛粉体混合,三种物质占比为82%:15%:3%,然后将PVA溶液、多糖类物质和水加到搅拌桶中进行搅拌,在混合溶液中,PVA含量为1%,多糖类物质含量为0.15%,搅拌均匀以后用涂膜机在支撑体上进行涂膜,涂膜以后进行干燥处理,干燥时逐步升温至120℃保温1小时,干燥好的支撑体进行膜层烧结,烧结温度1200℃,保温2小时,得到过滤精度100纳米的过滤膜层。
在操作压力0.1MPa、25℃时的纯水通量为1090LMH;在20%浓度的硫酸中煮沸1小时后的弯曲强度损失率5.6%,在10%浓度的氢氧化钠中煮沸1小时后的弯曲强度损失率2.9%;处理循环排污水的通量可达310LMH,高于同等条件下氧化铝膜200LMH的通量。
Claims (10)
1.一种复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1)制备支撑体:
将氧化铝粉体、氧化钛粉体、氧化锆粉体和辅料混合均匀,得干粉材料,转移至捏合机中,加入水、粘合剂和润滑剂捏合,经练泥机练泥后,陈腐,成型,干燥定型,1200-1800℃烧结2-8小时,得支撑体,支撑体的流道排列方式采用圆形流道和跑道形流道相结合的形式;
2)制备过渡层:
将氧化锆粉体、氧化铝粉体、氧化钛粉体混合,加入有机辅料搅拌均匀,用涂膜机在支撑体上进行涂膜,涂膜以后进行干燥处理,1000-1450℃下烧结3-12小时,形成过渡层;
3)制备过滤膜层:
将氧化锆粉体、氧化铝粉体、氧化钛粉体混合,加入有机辅料搅拌均匀,用涂膜机在制备有过渡层的支撑体上进行涂膜,涂膜以后进行干燥处理,800-1300℃下烧结3-12小时,形成过滤膜层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,所述的氧化铝粉体,粒径为10-100微米,占干粉材料的比例为58-95wt%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,所述的氧化钛粉体占干粉材料的比例为0.5-12wt%,所述的氧化锆粉体占干粉材料的比例为1-20wt%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,所述的辅料为0.3-6μm氧化铝、碳酸钙、滑石、苏州土、钾长石、稀土材料、纤维素、淀粉、活性炭或阿拉伯胶粉中的至少3种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,所述的粘合剂为PVA,润滑剂为油酸、甘油、桐油、棕榈油、玉米油或豆油中的至少2种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,所述的支撑体的流道排列方式具体为:内流道采用圆形流道,外圈流道采用圆形流道和跑道形流道间隔设置。
7.根据权利要求1所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤1)中,所述的支撑体的膜孔数量为19-331孔,圆形膜孔孔径为1-6毫米,跑道形膜孔的平行边长度与圆半径比为0.2-3.0:1,膜外径20-100毫米。
8.根据权利要求1所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)中,所述的氧化锆粉体占比为10-45%、氧化铝粉体占比为50-85%、氧化钛粉体占比为1-20%,其中氧化铝粉体的粒径为0.1-5微米。
9.根据权利要求1所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤3)中,所述的氧化锆粉体占比为10-45%、氧化铝粉体占比为50-85%,氧化钛粉体占比为1-20%,其中氧化铝粉体的粒径为50-800纳米。
10.根据权利要求1所述的复合陶瓷膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤2)和步骤3)中,所述的干燥处理为:升温至80-120℃保温1-6小时。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010338602.3A CN111499361A (zh) | 2020-04-26 | 2020-04-26 | 复合陶瓷膜的制备方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010338602.3A CN111499361A (zh) | 2020-04-26 | 2020-04-26 | 复合陶瓷膜的制备方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN111499361A true CN111499361A (zh) | 2020-08-07 |
Family
ID=71866334
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202010338602.3A Withdrawn CN111499361A (zh) | 2020-04-26 | 2020-04-26 | 复合陶瓷膜的制备方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN111499361A (zh) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110559872A (zh) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-12-13 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种轴盘式旋转陶瓷膜的制备方法 |
CN112939580A (zh) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 广西碧清源环保投资有限公司 | 一种陶瓷过滤膜的制备方法 |
CN113274892A (zh) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-08-20 | 黄亮 | 一种多孔净水陶瓷滤芯配方及其生产工艺 |
CN113648848A (zh) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-16 | 河北工业大学 | 一种中空平板陶瓷膜及其制备方法 |
CN114307664A (zh) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-04-12 | 三达膜科技(厦门)有限公司 | 一种高通量抗污染陶瓷过滤膜及其制备方法 |
CN114452830A (zh) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-10 | 重庆兀盾纳米科技有限公司 | 碟式陶瓷膜及其一次成型方法 |
CN117430443A (zh) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-01-23 | 山东硅苑新材料科技股份有限公司 | 高流道密度的大尺寸多孔陶瓷膜一体化制备方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-04-26 CN CN202010338602.3A patent/CN111499361A/zh not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110559872B (zh) * | 2019-08-14 | 2022-03-01 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种轴盘式旋转陶瓷膜的制备方法 |
CN110559872A (zh) * | 2019-08-14 | 2019-12-13 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种轴盘式旋转陶瓷膜的制备方法 |
CN114307664A (zh) * | 2020-09-29 | 2022-04-12 | 三达膜科技(厦门)有限公司 | 一种高通量抗污染陶瓷过滤膜及其制备方法 |
CN114307664B (zh) * | 2020-09-29 | 2023-02-14 | 三达膜科技(厦门)有限公司 | 一种高通量抗污染陶瓷过滤膜及其制备方法 |
CN112939580A (zh) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-11 | 广西碧清源环保投资有限公司 | 一种陶瓷过滤膜的制备方法 |
CN112939580B (zh) * | 2021-01-29 | 2022-07-01 | 广西碧清源环保投资有限公司 | 一种陶瓷过滤膜的制备方法 |
CN113274892A (zh) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-08-20 | 黄亮 | 一种多孔净水陶瓷滤芯配方及其生产工艺 |
CN113648848B (zh) * | 2021-08-05 | 2023-12-08 | 河北工业大学 | 一种中空平板陶瓷膜及其制备方法 |
CN113648848A (zh) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-16 | 河北工业大学 | 一种中空平板陶瓷膜及其制备方法 |
CN114452830A (zh) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-05-10 | 重庆兀盾纳米科技有限公司 | 碟式陶瓷膜及其一次成型方法 |
CN114452830B (zh) * | 2022-01-18 | 2023-11-03 | 重庆兀盾纳米科技有限公司 | 碟式陶瓷膜及其一次成型方法 |
CN117430443A (zh) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-01-23 | 山东硅苑新材料科技股份有限公司 | 高流道密度的大尺寸多孔陶瓷膜一体化制备方法 |
CN117430443B (zh) * | 2023-12-21 | 2024-04-19 | 山东硅苑新材料科技股份有限公司 | 高流道密度的大尺寸多孔陶瓷膜一体化制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN111499361A (zh) | 复合陶瓷膜的制备方法 | |
CN111454050A (zh) | 大通量陶瓷膜的制备方法 | |
CN108585810B (zh) | 微孔陶瓷及其制备方法和雾化芯 | |
CN108261928A (zh) | 纯碳化硅陶瓷膜元件及其制备方法 | |
CN106621846B (zh) | 一种中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件及其制备工艺方法 | |
CN110256059B (zh) | 一种高通量陶瓷平板膜及其制备方法 | |
WO2021073100A1 (zh) | 一种高强度陶瓷过滤膜的制备方法 | |
WO2018095277A1 (zh) | 板状刚玉陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法 | |
CN108329033A (zh) | 液相烧结多通道碳化硅陶瓷膜元件及其制备方法 | |
CN108392990A (zh) | 一种中空平板全陶瓷过滤膜元件 | |
CN107619296A (zh) | 一种碟式全碳化硅过滤膜的制备方法 | |
CN111056858A (zh) | 一种平板陶瓷膜支撑体的制备方法及其陶瓷泥料 | |
CN101905121A (zh) | 一种氧化铝基陶瓷中空纤维膜制备方法 | |
CN104383818A (zh) | 复合微孔隔膜、制备方法及其用途 | |
CN102351543A (zh) | 挤出成型组合物和生产挤出成型件的方法 | |
CN109279909A (zh) | 一种高强度碳化硼多孔陶瓷的制备方法 | |
CN105771675A (zh) | 一种非对称结构陶瓷膜及其制备方法 | |
CN103011893A (zh) | 一种硅藻土基片状陶瓷膜及其制备方法和应用 | |
CN115259861A (zh) | 一种高孔隙率多孔陶瓷膜支撑体及其制备方法 | |
CN109248566A (zh) | 一种螺旋通道中空板式陶瓷膜及其制备方法 | |
CN113999046B (zh) | 一种低温反应烧结碳化硅陶瓷膜的制备方法 | |
CN110981453B (zh) | 一种轻质陶瓷过滤膜的制备方法 | |
CN111792928A (zh) | 一种3d打印陶瓷制备方法及其产品 | |
JP2009220074A (ja) | 耐食性に優れる分離膜用アルミナ質基体及びその製造方法 | |
CN114028953A (zh) | 一种外支撑碟式陶瓷膜及其制备方法 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20200807 |
|
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |