CN111923545B - 一种pvc家具膜及其加工工艺 - Google Patents

一种pvc家具膜及其加工工艺 Download PDF

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CN111923545B
CN111923545B CN202010717666.4A CN202010717666A CN111923545B CN 111923545 B CN111923545 B CN 111923545B CN 202010717666 A CN202010717666 A CN 202010717666A CN 111923545 B CN111923545 B CN 111923545B
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李汪洋
吴磊
胡伟
张德顺
刘鹏举
陈辉
谢玉良
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Anhui Jiayang New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种PVC家具膜及其加工工艺，PVC家具膜包括基材和面膜，所述的基材与面膜通过热压贴合，本发明克服了现有技术的不足，本发明的PVC家具膜具有较好的抗菌性能和强度，同时防火等级达到了A级。

Description

一种PVC家具膜及其加工工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及家具膜加工技术领域，具体属于一种PVC家具膜及其加工工艺。
背景技术
家具保护膜又称家具膜，主要是保护家具不被划伤，并防止家具掉色以及损坏，同时不影响您的家具美观效果。
由于PVC膜具有成本低，本身具有防火性能和力学性能好的优点，被广泛应用于保护膜行业，但是，单纯的PVC膜的外观较差，应用于家具上时，会造成外观效果差，因此需要将PVC膜与其他的塑料薄膜复合使用，但是由于塑料材质的差异，复合后的家具膜容易剥离，导致耐用性差；另外，家具膜还需要具有阻燃和抗菌能力，以符合现代人对绿色、健康、时尚、安全要求等特点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种PVC家具膜，克服了现有技术的PVC家具膜耐用性差、阻燃性能和抗菌能力不足的问题。
为解决上述问题，本发明所采取的技术方案如下：
一种PVC家具膜，包括基材和面膜，所述的基材与面膜通过热压贴合。
进一步，所述的基材的制备方法为：
首先，按重量份数将PVC树脂100份在搅拌机中加热至120℃，搅拌15min，然后依次加入PE增强剂15份、钛白粉35份、二辛酯16份、润滑剂4份、癸二酸二异辛酯8份，继续搅拌混合30min；
然后，将混合均匀的各原料在密炼机中以150转/min的转速150℃密炼20min；
最后，将密炼后的各原料输送至挤出机，挤出温度为165℃，接着送入四辊压延机，在160-170℃下压延，冷却得到基材。
进一步，所述的润滑剂为改性硬脂酸，所述的改性硬脂酸的制备方法为：将硬脂酸10份溶于60份的苯中，然后加入端羟基甲基硅橡胶6份，搅拌加热至80℃，滴加0.4份98％浓硫酸，继续搅拌反应3小时，将苯蒸干，得到改性硬脂酸。
进一步，所述的面膜的制备方法为：
首先，按重量份数将PP塑料110份和PE增强剂13份在搅拌机中加热至120℃，搅拌15min，然后依次加入二辛酯16份、抗菌剂3份、阻燃剂6份，继续搅拌混合30min；
然后，将混合均匀的各原料在密炼机中以140转/min的转速150℃密炼18min；
最后，将密炼后的各原料输送至挤出机，挤出温度为175℃，接着送入四辊压延机，在170-180℃下压延，冷却得到面膜。
进一步，所述的抗菌剂的制备方法为：将1000目的氧化锌20份超声分散均匀于120份的丙酮中，然后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡1.5份，搅拌加热至65℃，恒温搅拌3小时，蒸干丙酮，得到二月桂酸二丁基锡/氧化锌。
进一步，所述的阻燃剂的制备方法为：将氯化钙8份、三甲基氯硅烷4份、正硅酸乙酯3份均匀分散于80份的1mol/L的盐酸溶液中，然后加热至80℃，剧烈搅拌3小时，然后滴加1mol/L的碳酸钠溶液至中性，过滤后，60℃干燥1h，得到改性碳酸钙。
加工PVC家具膜的工艺，将面膜经静电击打处理后，与基材经双轮辊加热至165℃，加压0.7kg，将基材与面膜加压贴合在一起，然后，经导辊牵引上冷却辊冷却定型，导辊牵引速度为60m/min，收卷，得到PVC家具膜。
本发明与现有技术相比较，本发明的实施效果如下：本发明的PVC家具膜加工过程中的原料使用自制的润滑剂、抗菌剂和阻燃剂，其中润滑剂使用硬脂酸与端羟基甲基硅橡胶进行缩合，产生的硬脂酸甲基硅橡胶酯可对PVC分子链之间起到内润滑的作用，同时也可对基材产生外润滑作用，使基材的表面产生部分的润滑剂分子，而抗菌剂使用二月桂酸二丁基锡改性氧化锌，使二月桂酸二丁基锡能与氧化锌均匀的混入面膜基体内，同时面膜内添加的改性碳酸钙的表面具有三甲基氯硅烷和正硅酸乙酯反应生成的硅树脂，使面膜与基材在热压贴合的过程中，氧化锌上的二月桂酸二丁基锡可催化面膜与基材界面上的硅树脂与硬脂酸甲基硅橡胶酯发生交联反应，从而提高了面膜与基材的结合强度，另外，在面膜与基材复合的过程中，使用静电击打处理，不仅有利于面膜与基材的贴合，同时电晕处理后的氧化锌表面的二月桂酸二丁基锡中的锡离子得到活化，使锡离子与过渡金属元素锌之间产生电子迁移，提高了氧化锌的活性，使氧化锌的抗菌能力提升。本发明的PVC家具膜具有较好的抗菌性能和强度，同时防火等级达到了A级。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的原料中PVC树脂来源于济南汇锦川商贸有限公司，钛白粉为1000目，PP塑料来源于广东聚石化学股份有限公司，PE增强剂来源于东莞市鑫塑源塑胶科技有限公司。
实施例1
加工PVC家具膜的原材料中的润滑剂、抗菌剂和阻燃剂为自制材料，它们的制备方法分别为：
润滑剂为改性硬脂酸，改性硬脂酸的制备方法为：将硬脂酸10kg溶于60kg的苯中，然后加入端羟基甲基硅橡胶6kg，搅拌加热至80℃，滴加0.4kg 98％浓硫酸，继续搅拌反应3小时，将苯蒸干，得到改性硬脂酸。
抗菌剂的制备方法为：将1000目的氧化锌20kg超声分散均匀于120kg的丙酮中，然后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡1.5kg，搅拌加热至65℃，恒温搅拌3小时，蒸干丙酮，得到二月桂酸二丁基锡/氧化锌。
阻燃剂的制备方法为：将氯化钙8kg、三甲基氯硅烷4kg、正硅酸乙酯3kg均匀分散于80kg的1mol/L的盐酸溶液中，然后加热至80℃，剧烈搅拌3小时，然后滴加1mol/L的碳酸钠溶液至中性，过滤后，60℃干燥1h，得到改性碳酸钙。
使用上述原材料加工PVC家具膜的工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)加工基材
首先，按重量份数将PVC树脂100kg在搅拌机中加热至120℃，搅拌15min，然后依次加入PE增强剂15kg、钛白粉35kg、二辛酯16kg、润滑剂4kg、癸二酸二异辛酯8kg，继续搅拌混合30min；然后，将混合均匀的各原料在密炼机中以150转/min的转速150℃密炼20min；最后，将密炼后的各原料输送至挤出机，挤出温度为165℃，接着送入四辊压延机，前侧两辊的温度为160℃，后侧两辊的温度为170℃，压延后，冷却得到基材。
(2)加工面膜
首先，按重量份数将PP塑料110kg和PE增强剂13kg在搅拌机中加热至120℃，搅拌15min，然后依次加入二辛酯16kg、抗菌剂3kg、阻燃剂6kg，继续搅拌混合30min；然后，将混合均匀的各原料在密炼机中以140转/min的转速150℃密炼18min；最后，将密炼后的各原料输送至挤出机，挤出温度为175℃，接着送入四辊压延机，前侧两辊的温度为170℃，后侧两辊的温度为180℃，压延后，冷却得到面膜。
(3)热压贴合
将面膜经60KV高压静电击打处理后，与基材经双轮辊加热至165℃，加压0.7kg，将基材与面膜加压贴合在一起，然后，经导辊牵引上冷却辊冷却定型，导辊牵引速度为60m/min，收卷，得到PVC家具膜。
对照例1
与实施例1的不同在于，润滑剂使用硬脂酸锌，阻燃剂使用600目碳酸钙。
对照例2
与实施例1的不同在于，二月桂酸二丁基锡的加入量为0.3kg。
对照例3
与实施例1的不同在于，热压贴合过程中，面膜不进行高压静电击打处理。
将实施例1和对照例1-3中的PVC家具膜按照GB2792-81中180°剥离强度测定方法测试面膜与基材之间的剥离力，按照GB/T 31402-2015塑料表面抗菌性能试验方法测试面膜表面的抗菌性能，按照GB2408-80水平燃烧试验方法测试阻燃性能。结果如下表所示：
由上表可知，本发明自制的润滑剂、抗菌剂和阻燃剂在面膜与基材热压贴合的过程中，显著增强了面膜与基材的结合强度，且使用二月桂酸二丁基锡改性后的氧化锌在作用1小时的抗菌性能得到了大幅提升。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (1)

1.一种PVC家具膜，其特征在于，包括基材和面膜，所述的基材与面膜通过热压贴合；
所述的基材的制备方法为：
首先，按重量份数将PVC树脂100份在搅拌机中加热至120℃，搅拌15min，然后依次加入PE增强剂15份、钛白粉35份、二辛酯16份、润滑剂4份、癸二酸二异辛酯8份，继续搅拌混合30min；
然后，将混合均匀的各原料在密炼机中以150转/min的转速150℃密炼20min；
最后，将密炼后的各原料输送至挤出机，挤出温度为165℃，接着送入四辊压延机，在160-170℃下压延，冷却得到基材；
所述的润滑剂为改性硬脂酸，所述的改性硬脂酸的制备方法为：将硬脂酸10份溶于60份的苯中，然后加入端羟基甲基硅橡胶6份，搅拌加热至80℃，滴加0.4份98%浓硫酸，继续搅拌反应3小时，将苯蒸干，得到改性硬脂酸；
所述的面膜的制备方法为：
首先，按重量份数将PP塑料110份和PE增强剂13 份在搅拌机中加热至120℃，搅拌15min，然后依次加入二辛酯16 份、抗菌剂3份、阻燃剂6份，继续搅拌混合30min；
然后，将混合均匀的各原料在密炼机中以140转/min的转速150℃密炼18min；
最后，将密炼后的各原料输送至挤出机，挤出温度为175℃，接着送入四辊压延机，在170-180℃下压延，冷却得到面膜；
所述的抗菌剂的制备方法为：将1000目的氧化锌20份超声分散均匀于120份的丙酮中，然后加入二月桂酸二丁基锡1.5份，搅拌加热至65℃，恒温搅拌3小时，蒸干丙酮，得到二月桂酸二丁基锡/氧化锌；
所述的阻燃剂的制备方法为：将氯化钙8份、三甲基氯硅烷4份、正硅酸乙酯3份均匀分散于80份的1mol/L的盐酸溶液中，然后加热至80℃，剧烈搅拌3小时，然后滴加1mol/L的碳酸钠溶液至中性，过滤后，60℃干燥1h，得到改性碳酸钙；
所述的PVC家具膜的加工工艺：将面膜经静电击打处理后，与基材经双轮辊加热至165℃，加压0.7kg，将基材与面膜加压贴合在一起，然后，经导辊牵引上冷却辊冷却定型，导辊牵引速度为60m/min，收卷，得到PVC家具膜。
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