CN111925605B - 一种pvc硬质地板膜及其加工工艺 - Google Patents

一种pvc硬质地板膜及其加工工艺 Download PDF

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CN111925605B
CN111925605B CN202010717659.4A CN202010717659A CN111925605B CN 111925605 B CN111925605 B CN 111925605B CN 202010717659 A CN202010717659 A CN 202010717659A CN 111925605 B CN111925605 B CN 111925605B
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titanium dioxide
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carbon black
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李汪洋
吴磊
胡伟
张德顺
刘鹏举
陈辉
谢玉良
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Anhui Jiayang New Material Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种PVC硬质地板膜及其加工工艺，PVC硬质地板膜由以下按照重量份数的原料制成：高K值PVC粉90‑100份，纳米填料15‑20份，阻燃剂10‑15份，MBS树脂6‑8份，增塑剂10‑15份，热稳定剂3‑5份，润滑剂0.9‑1.2份。本发明克服了现有技术的不足，加工的PVC硬质地板膜具有结构强度高、耐磨性能好、阻燃能力强的优点。

Description

一种PVC硬质地板膜及其加工工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及PVC地板膜生产技术领域，具体属于一种PVC硬质地板膜及其加工工艺。
背景技术
聚氯乙烯(PVC)地板膜由于价格比较低廉，成为了应用最广泛的塑料类装饰装修材料。聚氯乙烯地板膜为新型装饰材料已日益受到市场的重视，逐渐成为室内装修中的一种重要的地面装饰材料。另外。氯乙烯地板膜还有安装和使用方便，同时具有阻燃能力的优点，但是现有的硬质地板膜仍然存在结构强度不足和耐磨性能差的缺点，主要是由于聚氯乙烯地板膜生产过程中加入的阻燃剂和无机助剂与PVC基体结合强度差的原因所导致。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种PVC硬质地板膜及其加工工艺，克服了现有技术中硬质地板膜结构强度不足和耐磨性能差的问题。
为解决上述问题，本发明所采取的技术方案如下：
一种PVC硬质地板膜，由以下按照重量份数的原料制成：高K值PVC粉90-100份，纳米填料15-20份，阻燃剂10-15份，MBS树脂6-8份，增塑剂10-15份，热稳定剂3-5份，润滑剂0.9-1.2份。
其中，所述的纳米填料为改性钛白粉，所述的改性钛白粉的制备方法为：将钛白粉30份与十二胺11份、硅酸四乙酯15份在50℃下搅拌混合均匀，然后降温至20℃，转入马弗炉中800℃加热5小时，升温速度为5℃/min，然后自然冷却至室温，得到微孔化钛白粉，然后将微孔化钛白粉与聚硅氧烷氨酯丙烯酸酯7份、聚乙烯亚胺4份加入搅拌机中，升温至115℃，搅拌混合均匀，接着输送至双螺杆挤出机，经熔融共混挤出造粒，制得改性钛白粉。
其中，所述的阻燃剂为改性白炭黑，所述的改性白炭黑的制备方法为：将白炭黑30份、五氧化二磷8份、1,6-己二醇5份和氯仿100份混合均匀，然后加热至70℃，冷凝回流5小时，然后将溶液蒸干，得到改性白炭黑。
其中，所述的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯。
其中，所述的热稳定剂为KSR有机稀土复合稳定剂。
其中，所述的润滑剂为环氧大豆油。
加工PVC硬质地板膜的工艺，包括以下步骤：
(1)将各原料按重量份在60℃下搅拌混合均匀；
(2)将混合后的原料在140℃下在密炼机中密炼8min；
(3)将密炼后的原料使用双螺杆挤出机进行挤出，然后采用四辊压延法在压延机中压延；
(4)将压延的产品在引取辊作用下进行牵引，然后使用压延机再次压延，冷却后定型，得到PVC硬质地板膜。
本发明与现有技术相比较，本发明的实施效果如下：本发明的加工工艺使用改性后的阻燃剂和纳米填料，其中纳米填料为改性钛白粉，钛白粉不仅可以增强该地板膜的亮度和光泽度，而且也具有阻燃能力，本发明将钛白粉使用十二胺和硅酸四乙酯改性制备微孔钛白粉，在十二胺和硅酸四乙酯高温分解的过程中，钛白粉颗粒的表面形成二氧化硅，其中十二胺含有长链的烷基，分解产生大量的气体，使硅酸四乙酯分解过程中产生的二氧化硅不会产生致密的堆积结构，而将微孔钛白粉与聚硅氧烷氨酯丙烯酸酯和聚乙烯亚胺在115℃搅拌混合，然后经挤出造粒的过程中，聚硅氧烷氨酯丙烯酸酯和聚乙烯亚胺的部分分子和分子链进入微孔钛白粉表面的二氧化硅结构中，且聚硅氧烷氨酯丙烯酸酯和聚乙烯亚胺中的酯基和亚胺基与二氧化硅的硅原子产生化学作用力，增强了聚硅氧烷氨酯丙烯酸酯和聚乙烯亚胺与微孔钛白粉的结合强度；而使用五氧化二磷和1,6-己二醇对白炭黑进行改性，1,6-己二醇与白炭黑之间的氢键作用，使五氧化二磷和1,6-己二醇在反应的过程中生成的磷酸酯吸附在白炭黑的表面，使产物中的白炭黑颗粒表面形成磷酸酯。
在使用改性白炭黑和改性钛白粉加工该硬质地板膜的过程中，磷酸酯、聚硅氧烷氨酯丙烯酸酯和聚乙烯亚胺为有机大分子，与PVC粉、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯和环氧大豆油的亲和力强，使该硬质地板膜的拉伸强度和撕裂强度得到了大幅增强，而改性钛白粉和改性白炭黑两者表面形成的有机大分子在加工硬质地板膜的过程中吸附有环氧大豆油，使改性钛白粉和改性白炭黑表面的润滑能力得到提升，同时钛白粉和白炭黑本身具有较强的耐磨性能，从而使得该硬质地板膜的耐磨能力较强。
本发明的加工工艺生产的硬质地板膜具有结构强度高、耐磨性能好、阻燃能力强的优点。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明原料中使用的钛白粉为400目，白炭黑为300目，MBS树脂来源于湖北恒景瑞化工有限公司、高K值PVC粉来源于北京欧源盛发塑胶制品有限公司，K值为66-68，其他各原料均为市场常规的原材料。
实施例1
PVC硬质地板膜的加工工艺包括以下步骤：
(1)首先，制备纳米填料改性钛白粉，将钛白粉30kg与十二胺11kg、硅酸四乙酯15kg在50℃下搅拌混合均匀，然后降温至20℃，转入马弗炉中800℃加热5小时，升温速度为5℃/min，然后自然冷却至室温，得到微孔化钛白粉，然后将微孔化钛白粉与聚硅氧烷氨酯丙烯酸酯7kg、聚乙烯亚胺4kg加入搅拌机中，升温至115℃，搅拌混合均匀，接着输送至双螺杆挤出机，在165℃下经熔融共混挤出造粒，制得改性钛白粉。
(2)然后，制备阻燃剂改性白炭黑，将白炭黑30kg、五氧化二磷8kg、1,6-己二醇5kg和氯仿100kg混合均匀，然后加热至70℃，冷凝回流5小时，然后将溶液蒸干，得到改性白炭黑。
(3)将原料高K值PVC粉90kg，改性钛白粉16kg，改性白炭黑15kg，MBS树脂8kg，邻苯二甲酸二辛酯10kg，KSR有机稀土复合稳定剂3kg，环氧大豆油1.0kg在60℃下搅拌混合均匀。
(4)将混合后的原料在140℃下在密炼机中密炼8min。
(5)将密炼后的原料使用双螺杆挤出机进行挤出，温度185℃，然后采用四辊压延法在压延机中压延，温度为180℃，线速为20m/min；
(6)将压延的产品在引取辊作用下进行牵引，牵引速度为26m/min，温度为180℃，然后使用压延机再次压延，温度为170℃，线速为28m/min，冷却后定型，得到PVC硬质地板膜。
实施例2
使用实施例1中的原料，PVC硬质地板膜的加工工艺步骤为：
(1)将原料高K值PVC粉100kg，改性钛白粉20kg，改性白炭黑10kg，MBS树脂8kg，邻苯二甲酸二辛酯15kg，KSR有机稀土复合稳定剂4kg，环氧大豆油1.2kg在60℃下搅拌混合均匀。
(2)将混合后的原料在140℃下在密炼机中密炼8min。
(3)将密炼后的原料使用双螺杆挤出机进行挤出，温度185℃，然后采用四辊压延法在压延机中压延，温度为180℃，线速为20m/min；
(4)将压延的产品在引取辊作用下进行牵引，牵引速度为26m/min，温度为180℃，然后使用压延机再次压延，温度为170℃，线速为28m/min，冷却后定型，得到PVC硬质地板膜。
对照例1
与实施例2的不同在于，将改性钛白粉替换为等质量的微孔化钛白粉。
对照例2
与实施例2的不同在于，将改性钛白粉替换为等质量的钛白粉。
对照例3
与实施例2的不同在于，将改性白炭黑替换为等质量的白炭黑。
将实施例1-2和对照例1-3中的PVC硬质地板膜使用GB/T 22789.1-2008中的实验方法检测力学性能和耐磨性，按照GB/T 17591-2006中的方法测试阻燃性能，结果如下表所示：
拉伸强度(Mpa) 撕裂强度(Mpa) 耐磨等级 阻燃等级
实施例1 26.7 147 T B1
实施例2 28.3 152 T B1
对照例1 24.1 127 P B1
对照例2 23.5 114 P B1
对照例3 19.4 93 M B2
从上表可以看出，白炭黑改性后表面形成的磷酸酯对白炭黑与PVC基材结合强度影响较大，同时对阻燃性能也有影响，而改性钛白粉对拉伸强度和撕裂强度影响也较大，但是对硬质地板膜的耐磨性能具有较大的影响。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (5)

1.一种PVC硬质地板膜，其特征在于，由以下按照重量份数的原料制成：高K值PVC粉90-100份，纳米填料15-20份，阻燃剂10-15份， MBS树脂6-8份，增塑剂10-15份，热稳定剂3-5份，润滑剂0.9-1.2份；
所述的阻燃剂为改性白炭黑，所述的改性白炭黑的制备方法为：将白炭黑30份、五氧化二磷8份、1,6-己二醇5份和氯仿100份混合均匀，然后加热至70℃，冷凝回流5小时，然后将溶液蒸干，得到改性白炭黑；
所述的纳米填料为改性钛白粉，所述的改性钛白粉的制备方法为：将钛白粉30份与十二胺11份、硅酸四乙酯15份在50℃下搅拌混合均匀，然后降温至20℃，转入马弗炉中800℃加热5小时，升温速度为5℃/min，然后自然冷却至室温，得到微孔化钛白粉，然后将微孔化钛白粉与聚硅氧烷氨酯丙烯酸酯7份、聚乙烯亚胺4份加入搅拌机中，升温至115℃，搅拌混合均匀，接着输送至双螺杆挤出机，经熔融共混挤出造粒，制得改性钛白粉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种PVC硬质地板膜，其特征在于，所述的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种PVC硬质地板膜，其特征在于，所述的热稳定剂为KSR有机稀土复合稳定剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种PVC硬质地板膜，其特征在于，所述的润滑剂为环氧大豆油。
5.加工权利要求4所述的一种PVC硬质地板膜的工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）配料及搅拌：将各原料按重量份在60℃下搅拌混合均匀；
（2）将混合后的原料在140℃下在密炼机中密炼8min；
（3）将密炼后的原料使用双螺杆挤出机进行挤出，然后采用四辊压延法在压延机中压延；
（4）将压延的产品在引取辊作用下进行牵引，然后使用压延机再次压延，冷却后定型，得到PVC硬质地板膜。
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