CN111919695A - Moss modular cultivation method - Google Patents
Moss modular cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111919695A CN111919695A CN202010841900.4A CN202010841900A CN111919695A CN 111919695 A CN111919695 A CN 111919695A CN 202010841900 A CN202010841900 A CN 202010841900A CN 111919695 A CN111919695 A CN 111919695A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/30—Moss
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/44—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form
- A01G24/46—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure in block, mat or sheet form multi-layered
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/28—Raised beds; Planting beds; Edging elements for beds, lawn or the like, e.g. tiles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a modular moss cultivation method, and relates to the technical field of moss cultivation. According to the cultivation method, the processed moss is cultured on the non-woven fabric and the gauze, the moss obtained by the cultivation method grows rapidly, the moss grows close to the non-woven fabric and the gauze, the shape of the moss is flat and is similar to a green blanket, the moss can be cut at will, the gauze is separated from the non-woven fabric when the cultivation method is used, the shape of the moss can be kept by the gauze, and the moss is easy to lay and form.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of moss cultivation, and particularly relates to a modular moss cultivation method.
Background
The moss is more and more widely applied to ecological pots and landscape landscaping, the existing moss is mainly directly applied by field collection, a small amount of artificial planting is provided in recent years, besides conventional field collection and domestication, moss plants are smashed and cultivated on a nutrient substrate, the proliferation rate is low, and the shape is unstable. For example, chinese patent CN111226726A describes a moss redissolving cultivation method, which can solve the problem of unstable shape, but the process is complicated, and is not suitable for mass production.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a modular cultivation method for moss, which can cultivate moss with rapid growth, smooth shape, green blanket-like shape, and can be cut arbitrarily.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a moss modular cultivation method, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting moss which grows vigorously, cleaning, crushing, and mixing with a culture medium to form culture slurry;
(2) spraying the cultivation slurry on a cultivation bed for cultivation, wherein the illumination intensity of the cultivation is 2000-10000 LUX, the cultivation temperature is 15-28 ℃, and the humidity is more than 80%; the cultivation bed comprises non-woven fabrics and gauze which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top.
Preferably, the particle size after the pulverization in the step (1) is 0.8-1.2 mm.
Preferably, the crushing in the step (1) further comprises mixing the washed moss with water or 1/4MS culture medium without sugar; when the washed moss is mixed with water, the mass volume ratio of the mixture is 100 g: 1-5L, mixing, and performing shake culture for 2-5 days; when the washed moss was mixed with 1/4MS medium containing no sugar, the mass to volume ratio of the mixture was 1 g: 50mL, mixing, and shake culturing for 2-5 days.
Preferably, the culture medium in step (1) comprises a mixture of one or more of peat for raising seedlings, pond sludge and yellow mud.
Preferably, the cultivation slurry in the step (2) forms a cultivation layer with a thickness of 3-5 mm on the cultivation bed.
Preferably, the specification of the non-woven fabric in the step (2) is 80-120 g; the gauze comprises 100% of terylene or more than 50% of blended gauze.
Preferably, in the culturing process in the step (2), water is sprayed for 1min for 4 times per day.
Preferably, the pH value of the water for water spraying is less than 7, and the conductivity is less than 80 us/cm.
Preferably, after culturing for 1-2 weeks in the step (2), the moss recovers growth, and N: p: the mass ratio of K is 20:20:20 water-soluble compound fertilizer for 1 time.
Preferably, the water-soluble compound fertilizer is 1500 times liquid.
The invention provides a modular moss cultivation method, which is characterized in that the processed moss is cultured on non-woven fabrics and gauzes, the moss obtained by the method is quick in growth, grows close to the non-woven fabrics, is flat in shape, is similar to a green blanket, can be cut at will, is separated from the non-woven fabrics when in use, can keep the shape of the moss, and is easy to lay and form.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a moss modular cultivation method, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting moss which grows vigorously, cleaning, crushing, and mixing with a culture medium to form culture slurry;
(2) spraying the cultivation slurry on a cultivation bed for cultivation, wherein the illumination intensity of the cultivation is 2000-10000 LUX, the cultivation temperature is 15-28 ℃, and the humidity is more than 80%; the cultivation bed comprises non-woven fabrics and gauze which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top.
The method selects the moss which grows vigorously, cleans and then crushes the moss, and mixes the moss and the culture medium into the culture slurry. The species of the moss preferably comprises short-downy moss, large-ash moss or sphagnum album, the source of the moss is not particularly limited in the invention, and the moss can be collected in the field and can also be obtained by artificial culture, for example, the short-downy moss and the large-ash moss are collected in the field and the sphagnum album is artificially cultured. Before the cleaning, the invention preferably also comprises the steps of removing impurities from short-staple moss or large-ash moss, cleaning and draining for later use; cutting leaves of artificially cultivated sphagnum flabellum, soaking for 5min with potassium permanganate, and washing with running water for use. The method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and the particle size after pulverization is preferably 0.8 to 1.2mm, more preferably 1 mm.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the pulverization is carried out by mixing the washed moss with water or 1/4MS medium containing no sugar; when the washed moss is mixed with water, the mass to volume ratio of the mixture is preferably 100 g: 1-5L, mixing, and performing shake culture for 2-5 days; when the washed moss is mixed with 1/4MS medium containing no sugar, the mass to volume ratio of the mixture is preferably 1 g: 50mL, mixing, and shake culturing for 2-5 days. In the invention, the moss mixed with the 1/4MS culture medium without sugar is preferably crushed, is firstly cultured for 2 days under the condition of 150rpm by shaking, is then added with water to fix the volume according to the volume ratio of 1:6, and is then mixed with the culture medium. The moss mixed with water is preferably crushed and then directly mixed with the culture substrate. The culture medium of the invention preferably comprises a mixture of one or more of peat for raising seedlings, pond sludge and yellow mud. The seedling peat is preferably pramofu seedling peat which is purchased from Shanghai Pantafu agricultural science and technology limited.
The dosage proportion of the crushed moss and the culture medium is influenced by the species of the moss and the species of the culture medium, if the moss is short-staple moss and the culture medium is seedling peat, the dosage relation is preferably 100 g: 500 mL; when the moss is short-downy moss and the culture medium is a mixed medium of seedling peat and pond sludge, the dosage relation is preferably 1 kg: 50L: 10L; when the moss is ash moss and the culture medium is a mixed medium of seedling peat and yellow mud, the dosage relation is preferably 500 g: 2L: 1L; when the moss is sphagnum and the culture medium is seedling peat, the relation between the original amount of the moss and the amount of the seedling peat is preferably 10 g: 1L of the compound. The moss and the culture substrate are uniformly mixed to form the culture slurry, and the mixing method is not particularly limited and preferably comprises homogenizing.
After the cultivation slurry is obtained, the cultivation slurry is sprayed on a cultivation bed for cultivation, the illumination intensity of the cultivation is 2000-10000 LUX, the cultivation temperature is 15-28 ℃, and the humidity is more than 80%; the cultivation bed comprises non-woven fabrics and gauze which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top. The specification of the non-woven fabric is preferably 80-120 g; the gauze preferably comprises 100% of terylene or more than 50% of blended gauze. According to the invention, the non-woven fabric and the gauze are stacked to form the cultivation bed, the non-woven fabric can provide shape support and has the functions of water retention and ventilation, the gauze can separate moss from the non-woven fabric after the moss grows and forms, the sheet structure of the moss is kept not to be easily torn, and meanwhile, the gauze has certain elasticity and is convenient to lay on attached crops. The cultivation slurry disclosed by the invention preferably forms a cultivation layer with the thickness of 3-5 mm on the cultivation bed, and then is cultivated, and in the cultivation process, water is preferably sprayed for 1min for 4 times every day. The pH value of the water for water spraying is preferably less than 7, the conductivity is preferably less than 80us/cm, and the concentration of high-concentration calcium and magnesium ions in the water is not beneficial to the growth of moss. After the culture is carried out for 1-2 weeks, the moss recovers growth, and N: p: the mass ratio of K is 20:20:20 water-soluble compound fertilizer for 1 time. The water-soluble compound fertilizer is preferably 1500 times liquid. The water-soluble compound fertilizer is preferably No. 1 Huaduo, and is purchased from Shanghai Meizhi Jiayuan Co., Ltd.
By using the method, the moss green blanket for the commodity can be obtained after 2-4 months of culture.
The modular cultivation method of moss according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1. Collecting the sphagnum brevifolia from the field, removing impurities, cleaning with clear water, and draining for later use.
2. 100g of sphagnum brevifolium plants are taken, 1L of purified water is added, 10000 revolutions of a homogenizer are crushed for 2min, 500mL of sunflower seedling peat is added, and the homogenization is continued for 1min to form cultivation mud.
3. Cutting 100g pp non-woven fabric into 40cm × 60cm rectangular blocks, cutting 45 pieces of 18 × 16 pure cotton yarn into 40cm × 60cm rectangular blocks, and spreading the cotton yarn on the non-woven fabric to form the cultivation bed.
4. And uniformly spraying the cultivation slurry onto the cultivation bed by using a sand blaster, wherein the thickness of the cultivation slurry is 3-5 mm.
5. Placing the planting module in an artificial climate incubator, wherein the illumination intensity is 2000LUX, and the illumination time is 12 h; the culture temperature is 25 ℃ day and 20 ℃ night; the humidity is controlled to be above 80% by an ultrasonic humidifier.
6. Spraying 3-grade water (pH value of 5.0-7.5, conductivity of 5us/cm at 25 deg.C) prepared by pure water machine for 4 times every day, each time for 1 min.
7. After 1 week of culture, the moss was seen to resume growth.
8. Then spraying 1500 times more water-soluble compound fertilizer with the flower number of 20:20:20 for 1 time every week; after culturing for 2-3 months, the thickness of the moss green blanket is about 5mm, and the moss grows all over the culture bed to form the commercial moss green blanket.
Example 2
1. Collecting the sphagnum brevifolia from the field, removing impurities, cleaning with clear water, and draining for later use.
2. Taking 1kg of sphagnum brevifolium plant, adding 10L of purified water, crushing by a homogenizer at 10000 revolutions, mixing, adding 50L of sunflower seedling peat and 10L of pond sludge, and continuing homogenizing and mixing to form cultivation slurry.
3. The pp non-woven fabric with the width of 2.5m and the specification of 120g is paved on the flat ground of the cultivation greenhouse, and then a layer of 45 pure cotton polyester yarns with the diameter of 18 multiplied by 16 is covered to form a cultivation bed, and the length is determined according to the terrain.
4. And uniformly spraying the cultivation slurry onto the cultivation bed by using a sand blaster, wherein the thickness of the cultivation slurry is 3-5 mm.
5. The culture greenhouse is shaded by adopting a 90% shading net, and the culture temperature is controlled to be lower than 28 ℃ in day and 20 ℃ at night; the humidity is controlled to be above 80% by a micro-mist spraying system.
6. The collected rainwater is used as irrigation water, the pH value of the irrigation water is less than 7, the conductivity of the irrigation water is less than 80S/m, and the irrigation water is sprayed for 1 minute for 4 times every day.
7. After 1 week of culture, the moss was seen to resume growth.
8. Then spraying 1500 times more water-soluble compound fertilizer with the flower number of 20:20:20 for 1 time every week; after culturing for 2-3 months, the thickness of the moss green blanket is about 5mm, and the moss grows all over the culture bed to form the commercial moss green blanket.
Example 3
1. And 4-5 months, collecting the large grisey moss from the field, removing impurities, cleaning, and draining for later use.
2. Adding 5L purified water into 500g of Grifola frondosa, pulverizing for 5min with a hand-held homogenizer, adding 2L of sunflower seedling peat and 500mL of yellow mud, and homogenizing for 10min until uniform slurry is formed.
3. Cutting 80g pp non-woven fabric into 50cm × 50cm rectangular blocks, cutting 45 pieces of 18 × 16 pure polyester cotton yarn into 50cm × 50cm rectangular blocks, spreading the cotton yarn on the non-woven fabric, and placing the non-woven fabric in 50cm × 50cm customized plastic trays to form cultivation modules.
4. And (3) uniformly mixing the slurry, pouring 1500mL of the slurry into the cultivation module by using a water cup, and filtering water to form a smooth cultivation layer with the thickness of about 3 mm.
5. Placing the cultivation module in a greenhouse, and shading 90%; the culture temperature is 15-28 ℃; the humidity is controlled to be more than 80% by spraying, and the cultivation module is kept moist.
6. The water is mountain spring water, and the conductivity is 70 us/cm.
7. After 1 week of culture, the moss was seen to resume growth.
8. Then spraying the water-soluble compound fertilizer with more flowers at a ratio of 20:20:20 for 1 time every week; after 3 months of culture, the thickness of the moss green blanket is about 5mm, and the moss grows all over the culture bed to form a commercial moss green blanket.
Example 4
1. Cutting leaves of artificially cultivated sphagnum flabellum, soaking for 5min with 0.05% potassium permanganate, and washing with running water;
2. adding 10g of the above leaves into 500mL of 1/4MS culture medium without sugar, homogenizing by a homogenizer for 10000 rpm for 2min, transferring 250mL of the mixture into a 1000mL Erlenmeyer flask, sealing with a gas-permeable membrane, and performing shaking culture at 150rpm for 2 d.
3. Mixing the above cultures, adding purified water to constant volume of 1.5L, adding 1L of sunflower seedling peat, and mixing.
4. The slurry was poured into the cultivation module of example 2.
5. Placing the planting module in an artificial climate incubator, wherein the illumination intensity is 2000LUX, and the illumination time is 12 h; the culture temperature is 22 ℃ day and 15 ℃ night; the humidity is controlled to be above 80% by an ultrasonic humidifier.
6. Spray with laboratory grade 3 water 4 times a day for 1 minute each time.
7. After 2 weeks of culture, the sphagnum was seen to resume growth.
8. Then spraying 1500 times of flower-rich water-soluble compound fertilizer (N: P: K: 20:20)1 time per week; after culturing for 4 months, the thickness of the moss green blanket is about 5mm, and the moss grows over the culture bed to form the commercial Liangfang moss green blanket.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A moss modular cultivation method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) selecting moss which grows vigorously, cleaning, crushing, and mixing with a culture medium to form culture slurry;
(2) spraying the cultivation slurry on a cultivation bed for cultivation, wherein the illumination intensity of the cultivation is 2000-10000 LUX, the cultivation temperature is 15-28 ℃, and the humidity is more than 80%; the cultivation bed comprises non-woven fabrics and gauze which are sequentially stacked from bottom to top.
2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the particle size after the pulverization in the step (1) is 0.8 to 1.2 mm.
3. The cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the crushing in step (1) further comprises mixing the washed moss with water or 1/4MS medium containing no sugar; when the washed moss is mixed with water, the mass volume ratio of the mixture is 100 g: 1-5L, mixing, and performing shake culture for 2-5 days; when the washed moss was mixed with 1/4MS medium containing no sugar, the mass to volume ratio of the mixture was 1 g: 50mL, mixing, and shake culturing for 2-5 days.
4. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation substrate of step (1) comprises a mixture of one or more of peat for nursery, pond sludge and yellow mud.
5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation slurry of step (2) forms a cultivation layer with a thickness of 3 to 5mm on the cultivation bed.
6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the non-woven fabric in the step (2) has a size of 80-120 g; the gauze comprises 100% of terylene or more than 50% of blended gauze.
7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the cultivation process in step (2) further comprises spraying water for 1min 4 times per day.
8. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the water for water spraying has a pH value of less than 7 and an electrical conductivity of <80 us/cm.
9. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein after 1-2 weeks of the cultivation in the step (2), the moss recovers growth and is sprayed with N: p: the mass ratio of K is 20:20:20 water-soluble compound fertilizer for 1 time.
10. The cultivation method as claimed in claim 9, wherein the water-soluble compound fertilizer is 1500 times liquid.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114793864A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-29 | 广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所 | Soilless cultivation method for mosses |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114793864A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-07-29 | 广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所 | Soilless cultivation method for mosses |
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