CN111903896A - 一种以黑玉米为主要原料的复合代餐粉 - Google Patents
一种以黑玉米为主要原料的复合代餐粉 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111903896A CN111903896A CN201910382215.7A CN201910382215A CN111903896A CN 111903896 A CN111903896 A CN 111903896A CN 201910382215 A CN201910382215 A CN 201910382215A CN 111903896 A CN111903896 A CN 111903896A
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种以黑玉米为主要原料的复合代餐粉，配方组成包括玉蜀黍类、稻谷类、麦类、果蔬粉类、益生元类、其它类。制备工艺包括如下步骤：将颗粒状原料去除石子等杂质并粉碎至粗细度30‑80目后与其他原料（不包含果蔬类、益生元类原料）按照比例混合，混合后进行挤压膨化，膨化后半成品超微粉碎至160‑200目，按照比例添加果蔬粉及益生元粉并混合均匀，经过微波灭菌后包装即得成品，要求最终产品的水分含量≤7%。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农产品精深加工技术领域，具体涉及一种以黑玉米为主要原料的复合代餐粉。
背景技术
黑玉米营养丰富且含多种功能性成分，具有较高生产加工价值，而目前国内对黑玉米深加工利用程度较低，食用方法以鲜食为主，本产品在一定程度上丰富了以黑玉米为主要原料的农产品深加工方式。
本发明将黑玉米与蓝莓、黑加仑相结合，三种原料均富含花青素，故本发明具备一定的抗氧化、护眼功效。
本发明将黑玉米与富硒大米、富硒糯米、富硒燕麦粉、富硒小麦胚芽粉、魔芋粉相结合，以上原料均富含硒元素，故本发明具备一定的防癌、抗衰老、提高免疫力功效。
本发明结合传统中国饮食文化及部分中医药理论，采用传统药食同源食物中的山药、枸杞、芡实，对体虚、盗汗等都市生活中常见的亚健康状态具备一定的调理效果。
本发明产品添加低聚果糖及菊粉。能够维护适合有益菌生存的肠道微生态环境，改善肠道消化系统，促进双歧杆菌等有益菌的增殖，提高人体免疫力。
本发明通过添加特定比例水果干粉，在一定程度上改善了以谷物为单一原料的代餐粉口味较差的缺陷。
本发明使用挤压膨化工艺用短时高温加热的方式对原料进行熟化使其蛋白质、淀粉等营养物质变性、糊化，减少淀粉回生可能性，改善产品口感，同时减少了采用炒制工艺可能在冲调时出现的难溶解残渣，同时利用短时高温加热方式和膨化工艺能够最大程度保留原料中各种营养成分，提高产品吸收率。
本发明使用的原料具有一定的功能性：
黑玉米：是玉米的一种稀有品种而非转基因食品。其蛋白质、脂肪、粗纤维及矿质元素铁、锰、铜、锌均高于普通黄玉米。所含的17种氨基酸有14种高于普通玉米，微量元素硒的含量是普通玉米的3-8.5倍，尤其是含有普通玉米所没有的天然黑色素。而据中国农业科学院沈阳农产品检验中心分析，黑玉米除含大量黑色素外，其赖氨酸、铜、锰、锌的含量高出普通玉米2-8倍；钾、钙和脂肪的含量分别是现有谷物的4-6倍、3-9倍和1-4倍；淀粉含量仅是普通玉米的70%，因而适合糖尿病患者食用，而且由于其钾含量较高，有助于心血管病患者的辅助食疗。另外黑玉米中还含有维生素B1、B2、B6、尼克酸、泛酸、胡萝卜素、槲皮素、异槲皮素、果胶及谷胱甘肽等；
燕麦：燕麦中的矿物质主要包括钙、镁、铁、锰、锌、钾和磷，当然富硒燕麦中硒的含量又要远远高于普通燕麦。燕麦中含有酚类物质、植酸、甾醇和维生素E等多种抗氧化活性成分，其中含量最多的是阿魏酸、对香豆酸和儿茶酚等酚类物质，它们不规则地分布在燕麦籽粒中。燕麦产品中的抗氧化物含量受加工方式的影响。燕麦抗氧化物具有清除自由基、降低血清胆固醇和抑制低密度脂蛋白氧化等功能，目前已成为国内外燕麦营养、医疗和保健功能等新的研究热点；
山药：山药历史悠久，原产于我国，早在夏商起就开始种植、食用，自明清以来形成道地药材，直至现在。在“山海经”、“本草衍义”、“图经本草”、“新修本草”、“本草纲目”及“齐民要术”等本草典籍中均有相关记载。在传统中医药学上，山药具有养胃补脾，生津益肺，补肾涩精的作用。用于治疗食少脾虚，长期腹泻，肺虚喘咳，肾虚滞后，体虚发汗等症状更是上等滋补中药之一；
枸杞：枸杞( Lycium barbarum L. ) 为茄科枸杞属植物的果实，具有滋肝补肾、益精明目等增强肌体抵抗力的作用，是我国的名贵传统中药。现代药理研究证明，枸杞果还有降低血压，防止动脉硬化以及促进免疫功能，提高抗病能力，防老抗衰等作用；
菊粉：菊粉(Inulin)又名菊糖，作为一种天然可溶性膳食纤维，其在自然界中分布广泛，虽然某些真菌和细菌中也含有菊粉，但其主要来源仍是植物。全世界超过36000种植物，包括双子叶植物中的菊科、桔梗科、龙胆科等11个科以及单子叶植物的百合科、禾木科都含有丰富的菊粉。其中菊科中的菊芋和菊苣是菊粉生产的主要原料来源，菊粉含量分别为14%-19%和15%-20%。现代研究表明，菊粉不仅具有独特的凝胶特性和类似脂肪的口感，还具有降糖降脂、预防癌症、调节肠道益生菌，增强胃肠功能、促进维生素及矿物质吸收等多种生理功能。
发明内容
本发明提供一种黑玉米代餐粉，采用玉蜀黍类、稻谷类、麦类、果蔬类、传统食药同源食物及益生元等原料配制而成，果腹性好，具有增加免疫力、抗氧化、抗衰老、维持肠道菌群平衡、调理亚健康等功效。
本发明中所用的玉蜀黍类、稻谷类、麦类、果蔬粉类、益生元类、其他类原料具体如下：
玉蜀黍类为富硒黑玉米；
稻谷类为富硒大米、富硒糯米中的一种或两种的混合物；
麦类为富硒燕麦粉、富硒小麦胚芽粉中的一种或两种的混合物；
果蔬粉类为蓝莓粉、黑加仑粉、车厘子粉、牛油果粉、香蕉粉、菠菜粉、西兰花粉中的一种或多种的混合物；
益生元类为低聚果糖、菊粉中的一种或两种的混合物；
其他类为山药粉、枸杞、芡实、魔芋粉中的一种或多种的混合物。
玉蜀黍类、稻谷类、麦类、其他类、果蔬类、益生元类原料重量百分比为：玉蜀黍类50%-60%、稻谷类4%-9%、麦类5%-10%、果蔬类10%-15%、益生元类1.25%-3.75%、其他类12%-20%。
本发明提供的黑玉米复合代餐粉的加工方法，包括以下步骤：
原料筛选：筛选颗粒状原料，去除石子、稻壳等杂质；
熟化前准备工作：非粉状原料粉碎，粉碎后直径应在30-80目（180μm-550μm）之间，粉碎后与其他原料按比例混合（不包括果蔬粉类和益生元类原料）；
熟化：原料通过双螺杆挤压膨化机熟化，螺杆转速为100-220 r/min，预热温度为50-70℃，运输温度为100-160℃，熟化温度为140-190℃，得到熟化原料；
粉碎：熟化原料进行超微粉碎，粉碎后直径应在160-200目（75-96μm）之间；
复配：果蔬粉类及益生元类原料按照比例添加至半成品中，混合均匀；
灭菌：采用微波处理灭菌；
包装：包装后得到成品。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一份重量为100kg的黑玉米复合代餐粉，由下述重量份的原料组成，富硒黑玉米55kg，富硒大米5kg，富硒糯米1.5kg，富硒燕麦粉4.5kg，富硒小麦胚芽粉3kg，蓝莓粉5kg，黑加仑粉2.5kg，车厘子粉1kg，牛油果粉1kg，香蕉粉1kg，菠菜粉1kg，西蓝花粉1kg，低聚果糖1kg，菊粉1.5kg，山药粉1kg，枸杞子0.5kg，魔芋粉14.5kg；
将非粉状原料分别用粉碎机粉碎，粉碎后原料与其他原料（不包括果蔬类和益生元类）按上述比例混合后挤压膨化，膨化后超微粉碎至160-200目细度，与果蔬类及益生元类原料混合均匀，微波灭菌，包装后即得成品。
最后需要说明的是，具体实施方式是对本发明的进一步说明而非限制，对本领域普通技术人员来说，可以在不脱离本发明实质内容的情况下做进一步变换，而所有这些变换都应属于本发明所附权利要求的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种以黑玉米为主要原料的复合代餐粉，其特征在于：
所述黑玉米复合代餐粉的组成包括：玉蜀黍类、稻谷类、麦类、果蔬类、益生元类、其他类，其中：
玉蜀黍类为黑玉米；
稻谷类为富硒大米、富硒糯米中的一种或两种的混合物；
麦类为富硒燕麦粉、富硒小麦胚芽粉中的一种或两种的混合物；
果蔬粉类为真空冷冻干燥的蓝莓粉、黑加仑粉、车厘子粉、牛油果粉、香蕉粉、菠菜粉、西兰花粉中的一种或多种的混合物；
益生元类为低聚果糖、菊粉中的一种或两种的混合物；
其他类为山药粉、枸杞、芡实、魔芋粉中的一种或多种的混合物；
所述产品的重量百分比为：玉蜀黍类50%-60%、稻谷类4%-9%、麦类5%-10%、果蔬类10%-15%、益生元类1.25%-3.75%、其他类12%-20%。
2.一种以黑玉米为主要原料的复合代餐粉的制备工艺，其特征在于：所述制备工艺包括如下步骤：
A、除去杂质：筛选颗粒状原料，去除石子、稻壳等杂质；
B、熟化前准备工作：将非粉状原料粉碎，粉碎后与其他原料按比例混合（不包括果蔬粉类和益生元类原料）；
C、熟化：原料通过挤压膨化机进行熟化；
D、粉碎：熟化半成品进行超微粉碎；
E、复配：果蔬粉类及益生元类原料按比例添加至半成品中，并混合均匀；
F、杀菌、包装：经过灭菌、包装后即得以黑玉米为主要原料的复合代餐粉。
3.根据权利2B所述，粉碎后原料直径应在30-80目（180μm-550μm）之间。
4.根据权利2C所述，挤压膨化使用双螺杆挤压膨化机，螺杆转速为100-220 r/min，预热温度为50-70℃，运输温度为100-160℃，熟化温度为140-190℃。
5.根据权利2D所述，超微粉碎后半成品直径应在160-200目（75-96μm）之间。
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